七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 1 This is me!
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
1. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，会做英文自我介绍
3. 掌握语法：be动词的一般现在时
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1 单词、短语：
1. read
read 动词，意为 “阅读；朗读”，表示看书、报纸等带有文字的材料
引申：区分read，watch，look，see
含义、用法 e.g.
read “阅读、朗读”，表示看书、报纸、杂志等带文字的 read books/newspapers/ magazine
watch 及物动词，“观看、注视”，仔细地、全神贯注地看，看的活动的画面 Watch TV/ matches
look 不及物动词，强调动作和过程，集中精力去看但不一定能看到，多用于唤起别人的注意。后面接宾语要加介词at Look! The train is coming
see “看见”，表示肉眼看到的结果。还用于看医生、看电影 Can you see the picture clearly?
2. how to look after …
（1）how to do sth：“如何做某事”，特殊疑问词+ to do sth
（2）look after：“照顾，照料” = take care of 固定短语，后面直接加宾语
【拓展】 look的用法：
（1） 做动词
A. 做行为动词
固定搭配：look at 看 look for 寻找 look up 向上看
look around 向四周看 look out 注意 look over 检查
B．做连系动词 ，意为“看起来”，后面加形容词作表语
（2）做名词 e.g.： have a look 看一看
3. love
（1）love 用作动词时，意为“爱，喜爱”，比like程度深
用法：(1) love + sth / sb
e.g.： I love dogs.
He loves his family.
(2) love doing sth （兴趣爱好、经常性的活动）
（like） e.g.： I love/like reading books.
to do sth. （偶然、一次性的活动）
e.g.： He loves playing football，but he likes to play basketball today.
（2）love用作名词时，意为“爱，喜爱”
e.g.： This is my love.
4. let's
（1）let 动词，“使，让”，let sb do sth 让某人做某事
e.g.：Let me help you.
（2）let's 是let us的缩写
(1) let's 包括说话人、听者在内 e.g.：Let's go home.
(2) let us 只包含说话人，不包括听者 e.g.：Can you let us go home？
5. play football
+球类 e.g.：play football/basketball/badminton
（1）play +棋类 e.g.：play chess
+the+乐器 e.g.：play the piano/violin/guitar
with sth/sb 玩…/ 和…一起玩
6. after school
after此处用作介词，“在……之后”， 指时间上的以后
结构类似的有：after work，after class，after lunch
7. be good at
be good at “擅长于…” at是介词，后面可以接名词、代词、动名词
用法：be good at sth e.g.：I’m good at English.
be good at doing sth e.g.：He is good at playing football.
【注意】be good at = do well in（二者用法一致）
【拓展】 be good for 对…有益
be good to 对…友好
8. listen to
listen不及物动词，后面接宾语要加to，没有宾语则不加to
e.g.： Listen carefully!
Listen to me.
【拓展】 listen to 强调“听”的动作， hear 强调“听”的结果
e.g.：I listened, but heard nothing.
9. go home
go (不及物动词)
用法：（1）go + to + 地点名词（sp）
e.g.：go to school
（2）go + 地点副词 (here，there，home)
e.g.：go home
【拓展】go表示“去做…”：go swimming / running / shopping
(go、swim都是动词，句子里只能有一个动词，所以swim要变为v-ing形式)
10. everyone
everyone 不定代词 “人人，每人” = everybody
强调整体，做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
e.g.： Everyone is here.
【辨析】 everyone与every one
相同点 不同点
everyone 每人 做主语时，谓语动词均用第三人称单数形式 只能指人 不与of 连用
every one 每个 既能指人也能指物 能与of 连用
e.g.： Everyone here is my classmates.
Every one of my classmates is here.
The teacher loves every one of his students.
11. come from
come from “来自…”= be from
否定句 疑问句
be from be not from be 提到句首
come from do/does not come from do/does提到句首，其他不变
e.g.： He is from England. He isn't from England.
Is he from England?
He comes from England. He doesn't come from England.
Does he come from England?
12. wear
wear动词，意为“穿，戴” wear glasses :“戴眼镜”
不同点 e.g.
wear 表示状态 “穿着” wear a coat
Put on 强调动作 “穿上” put on your coat
in 介词做定语 “穿着…” the girl in a read coat / in red
dress 给…穿衣，打扮 get dressed / dress oneself
Project 2句子：
1. What’s your name?
What’s…name? 询问对方姓名，what’s是what is的缩写，name前加形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格，表示“……的名字”
e.g.：What’s your teacher’s name?
回答用：My name is… / I am…
【注意】英文名顺序：名字在前，姓氏在后
2. Nice to meet you.
Nice to meet you “见到你也很高兴”，是It's nice to meet you的缩写
是用于两人初次见面的问候语，回答用“Nice to meet you, too.”
【拓展】
（1） “nice” = “glad/pleased” ； “meet” = “see”
e.g.：Nice to meet/ see you = Glad to meet/see you = Pleased to meet / see you.
（2） nice “美好的，友好的”，是形容词
e.g.：My classmates are nice to me.
常用的打招呼用语：
不同点 回答
Hi / Hello. 比较随意 Hi / Hello
How are you? 熟人之间 I'm fine，thank you / Fine，thanks
How do you do? 比较正式 How do you do?
3. Welcome to Class 1,Grade 7！
(1) welcome 动词，意为“欢迎”，后面加表示人的名词 e.g.：welcome sb
welcome to 固定结构，意为“欢迎来到”，后面接地点时要加介词to
e.g.：Welcome to China.
【注意】在地点副词（here, there, home）的前面不加to
e.g.：Welcome home!
(2) Class1, Grade7:“7年级1班” = “Class One, Grade Seven”
【注意】顺序：班级在前，年级在后，与汉语表达相反
对Grade提问，用“Which/What Grade are you in?
【拓展】
（1）基数词表示编号，基数词放在名词的后面，该名词的第一个字母大写；数字用英语表达时，数字的第一个字母也大写。
e.g.： Room 6 = Room Six
（2）地名按照由小到大的顺序排列，与汉语表达相反
e.g.：I live in Xuzhou，Jiangsu，China.
4. Age
（1）年龄的表达方式：
主语+be+数字+year(s) old e.g.：He is six years old.
主语+be+数字 e.g.：She is 12.
数字- year- old e.g.：She has a 12 - year- old child.
at the age of+数字 e.g.：The boy at the age of 12 is her child.
（2）对年龄提问，用 How old + be+主语？
e.g.： — How old is the boy?
—He is twelve years old.
5. I live with my family in Beijing.
（1）live with sb “和…住在一起”
e.g.：I live with my mother.
（2）live in sp “住在…”
e.g.：He lives in Nanjing.
【拓展】
live on+楼层/路
live at+具体地址（门牌号）
live +（here、there），to省略
Ⅱ. Grammar
be动词的一般现在时
be动词是系动词的一种，用be动词的一般现在时表示事实和状态。
Importance 1:
be动词有三种：am, is, are
肯定形式 否定形式
I am→缩写 ‘m am not
You/We/They are→缩写 ‘re are not→缩写aren’t
He/She/It is→缩写 ‘s Is not→缩写isn’t
口诀：
我(I)用am，你(you)用are，is跟着他她它，单数is,复数are
Importance 2:
be动词的一般现在时几种形式：
句型 结构 e.g.
肯定句 主语+be+… She is a good student.
否定句 主语+be+not+… She is not a good student.
一般疑问句 be+主语+…? Is she a good student?
特殊疑问句 疑问词+ be+主语+…? Who is a good student?
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. How many __________(年级) are there in your school?
2. Daniel often ___________(run) in the morning.
3. I want to know how __________ (ride) the bike.
4. She comes from England. (对划线部分提问)
she come from?
5. He is in the library now. (改为否定句)
He in the library.
二、选择题
1. Tom happy today?
A. Is; looking B. Does; look C. Are; look D. Does; look at
2. —You are Peter，right? — .
A. Yes，I am David B. No，I'm David C. I'm Paul D. This is David
3. Everyone here now. Let's our class.
A. are; be.g.in B. are; to be.g.in C. is; to start D. is; start
4. —________ Lily _________ music?
— No, I don ' t think so.
A. Is; good at B. Does; well in C. Does; good at D. are; are not
5. —Is this your ball. Nick?
—Yes, _____________
A. this is B. it’s C. here is D. it is
三、写作
用英语介绍一下自己
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七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 2 Let’s play sports!
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习：
1. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍一种运动
3. 掌握语法：行为动词的一般现在时
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. walking
walking名词，意为“散步，行走”（动词+ing 变成名词，也叫动名词）
动词形式为 walk, 意为“走，步行”
用法：
（1）作不及物动词，意为“走、步行”
walk to sp = go to sp on foot
（2）作及物动词，意为“遛…（动物）；陪着…走”
e.g.：walk the dog = take the dog for a walk
（3）作名词，意为“步行、走”
have / take a walk = go walking = go (out) for a walk
（4）walking，动名词形式，常做主语 e.g.：Walking is good for us.
2. times
可数名词，意为“次，回” three times 三次
some times 几次
time many times 多次
It’s time for sb to go to do sth.
不可数名词，意为“时间” have a good time = have fun
in one’s free time
What’s the time?
3. enjoy
及物动词，意为“享受…的乐趣；喜爱，喜欢，欣赏”
（1）做名词 enjoy sth
（2）做代词 enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time (doing sth)
（3）做动名词 enjoy doing sth
区别：
like: 喜欢，对象一般是人
love: 喜爱，程度比like略深，对象人与物皆可
enjoy: 享受、欣赏
4. make
及物动词（使役动词），意为“使…，让…”
用法：
（1）make + sb / sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物（处于某种状态）”
e.g.：His words make us happy.
（2）make sb do sth “使某人做某事”（相同用法的还有：let 、have *三大使役动词* make、let 、have )
【拓展】make sb / sth +名词 “使某人/某物成为…”
e.g.：we made her our monitor.
5. want
动词，意为“想，想要”= would like（用法一致）
用法： want sth. 想要某物 e.g.：I want a new book.
want to do sth. 想要做某事 e.g.：I want to go to the cinema.
want sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事 e.g.：I want you to help me.
6. weekend
区分：
week 一周；指从周一到周日 from Monday to Sunday
weekday 工作日；指从周一到周五 from Monday to Friday
weekend 周末；指周六周日 Saturday and Sunday (at /on weekends)
7. else
（1）做形容词：“其他的、另外的”，放在不定代词、疑问代词之后
e.g.：what else do you like to do ?
（2）做副词：“此外，另外，其他”，用于疑问副词(where, when, how)之后
e.g.：Where else can I go?
【辨析】else、other、enough
用法 e.g.
else 放在不定代词、疑问代词之后 what / who else anyone / something else
other +名词作定语 what other things
enough 形容词+enoughenough+名词 lucky enoughenough time
【注意】what else = what other things
what else do you want to do? = what other things would you like to do?
8. a lot of
意为“许多，大量”= lots of
后加（1）不可数名词 e.g.：a lot of/ lots of homework
（2）可数名词复数形式 e.g.：a lot of/ lots of students
9. look
意为“看起來…”
连系动词+形容词，构成“系表结构 ”
e.g.：look strong
【拓展】以下感官类动词皆是此用法：
look（看起来） sound（听起来） smell（闻起来） taste（尝起来） feel（摸起来）
10. take
含义：
（1）拿走 (反义词：bring带来) e.g.： Take the letter to the post office.
（2）搭乘 e.g.： take a bus
词组：take a trip = go on a trip
11. talk about
固定短语，意为“谈论，交谈” 用法：talk about sth / doing sth
speak、talk、say、tell的区别和用法：
含义 用法 e.g.
speak 讲话 做及物动词时后面加某某语言 Can you speak Chinese?speak at the class meeting
talk 谈话 不及物动词，常与of、about等连用（侧重双方交谈） talk about sthtalk with sb
say 说 及物动词，（着重讲话的内容） I don’t know what he said.
tell 告诉 及物动词，讲述一件事情、故事、谎言等 I will tell the news to him.
12. member
a member of… = be in the team/club = play for …team/club
13. also
几个“也”的区别和用法：
通常情况下的位置 e.g.
肯定句 also 系动词后，行为动词前 He also comes here.
too 句末 I like cats too.
否定句 either 句末 I don’t know,either.
14. player
player = play + er 动词加-er构成的名词表示对应动作的执行者
动词在词尾加 （1）直接加er e.g.： sing-singer, wait-waiter , teach-teacher
（2）直接加r e.g.： write-writer, drive-driver, dance-dancer
（3）双写加er e.g.： run-runner, win-winner
（4）双写加or e.g.： visit-visitor, invent-inventor
Project 2句子：
1. What’s your favourite…?
（1） favourite意为“最喜爱的”= like…best
e.g.：My favourite food is rice. = I like rice best.
（2） sb’s favourite… 某人的最喜爱的…
【注意】sb’s favourite一定要用所有格形式
2. What about…?
意为“…怎么样？”= How about…?
后接名词、代词、动名词，用来询问有关情况、提出建议、征求意见等。
e.g.： What about you？
What about going shopping tomorrow？
【拓展】用来提出建议或征求意见的句型有：
Why don't you do sth ? = Why not do sth ?
Let's do sth，shall we? = Shall we do sth ?
What about doing sth ? = How abou doing sth ?
3. hope that从句
hope意为“希望” = wish
用法：hope to do sth e.g.：I hope to go to Beijing.
hope + that 从句(that可省略) e.g.：I hope (that) they can come here.
【注意】hope没有 hope sb to do sth的用法，但是wish有
4. Reading is fun.
（1） Reading动名词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
e.g.：playing with fire is dangerous.
（2） fun
用法： （1）用作不可数名词，意为“有趣的事；乐趣”
e.g.：We have lots of fun at the party.
（2）用作形容词，意为“有趣的，逗乐的”
e.g.：There are a lot of fun things here.
词组：have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
Ⅱ. Grammar
行为动词的一般现在时
Importance 1:
（1）用一般现在时来谈论：
(1) 我们经常做的事 e.g.：I usually walk to school.
(2) 目前的状态 e.g.：He likes playing football.
(3) 客观真理、事实 e.g.：Cats eat fish.
（2）句中常见时间短语：sometimes, often, usually, always, every week, on Sundays, once a month 等
（3）谓语动词形式：原形或三单
【注意】三单的变化规则：
(1) 规则动词，直接+ s e.g.：make-makes，eat-eats
(2) ch, sh, ss, x 结尾的，+ es e.g.：teaches，finishes，misses， fixes
(3) 辅音字母+ y结尾的，变y为i再+es e.g.：fly-flies
(4) 以o结尾的，+es e.g.：go-goes，do-does
(5) 特殊变化 e.g.：have-has
Importance 2:
句式：
（1）否定句： be动词--- am not，isn’t，aren’t
行为动词---don’t / doesn’t + 动词原形
（2）疑问句： be动词，直接将be 提前
行为动词，借助 do, does 并将do, does提前
句型 结构 e.g.
肯定句 主语+行为动词+… She likes drawing.
否定句 主语+do/does+not+动词原型+… She doesn’t like drawing.
一般疑问句 do/does +主语+动词原型+…? Does she like drawing?
特殊疑问句 疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原型+…? What does she like doing?
语法练习：
1. The baby __________(cry) when he is hungry.
2. He together with his friends ________ (like) swimming.
3. He always __________(not go) home at 6 p.m.
4. What time ________ your class _____ (begin) every morning?
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. Jim and his parents often ________(go) to the park at weekends.
2. Jim with his parents often ________ (go) to the park at weekends.
3. _______ your mother and father ________ (work) in the same hospital?
4. Walking _______ (make) me happy.
5. Everyone in our class _______(enjoy) listening to music.
二、选择题
1._________do you like to do in your free time?
A. What other B. Which other C. What else D. Which else
2. He ________ Beijing now.
A. don’t live in B. doesn’t live in C. don’t lives in D. doesn’t lives in
3. Eddie, how many times do you _______the piano a day?
A. plays B. to play C. play D. playing
4. Kitty enjoys playing volleyball. It ______ her happy.
A. make B. makes C. take D. takes
5. I’d like __________some flowers for my mother.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys
三、写作
用英文介绍一下你最喜欢的运动
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七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 3 Welcome to our school
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
1. 学会. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍你的学校
3. 掌握语法：人称代词的用法
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. parents' meeting
意为：“家长会”，是名词所有格构成的短语
名词所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者、动作承受者等意义时，用名词所有格形式。
一般结构：
（1）表示有生命的东西的名词，在末尾加 's
eg：Jim's bed，the man's wife，children's toys
（2）以s结尾的名词，末尾加 '
eg：the students' books，Teachers' Day，boss' office
（3）表示两者共同拥有的，只需要在后一个名词词尾加 's（或'）即可
eg：Joan and Jane's room
（4）表示两者各自所有的，每个名词词尾都加上 's（或'）。
eg： Joan's and Jane's room
2. show
show意为：“给…看，为…带路；上演，展示”
用法：（1）show sb sth = show sth to sb 先某人展示某物
eg：Can you show your school to me?
（2）show sb around sp 带领某人参观某地
eg：show you around our school
3. thanks for
thanks for 后面加所感谢的内容，后跟名词、动名词、句子
thanks for = thank you for
eg：Thanks for helping me. = Thank you for helping me.
【拓展】thanks very much for… = thank you very much for…
4. say
词组：say hello to sb 向某人问好
say sorry to sb 向某人说对不起
say thanks to sb 向某人说谢谢
say goodbye to sb 向某人说再见
5. tell
tell 动词，意为：“告诉”
tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事
【拓展】tell的用法：
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
tell sb (not) to do sth告诉某人（不要）去做某事
词组：tell a story，tell the truth，tell a lie
6. ground floor
中文意思 英式英语 美式英语
第一层 ground floor first floor
第二层 first floor second floor
第三层 second floor third floor
7.
8. at home
at home “在家”，作地点状语
eg：I have many books at home.
类似结构： at school 在学校 at work 在上班
【拓展】be at home = be in
eg：“我在家”： I’m in. = I’m at home.
9. borrow
borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
eg：borrow some books from the library
【拓展】“两借”: borrow与 lend
（1） A borrow sth from B (A 向B 借了某物，A 为借入)
eg：I borrow a book from the library.
（1） A lend sth to B = A lend B sth (A 把东西借出去借给B，A 为借出)
eg：He lend his books to me.
10. this way
this way意为“这边走” ，其中way 是名词，意为“方式，方法”
含way的短语：
this way 这边走，这边请
the way to 去…的路
on one’s/the way to 在（某人）去…的路上
on your way back 在你回来的路上
in the way 挡道
in this way 以这种方式
in a way从某种程度上说
a long way from sp to sp 从…到…有很长一段距离
11. open
open 的用法（反义词close）
（1）及物动词“打开” eg：open the box
（2）形容词open“开着的” eg：The window is open.
close 的用法：
（1）及物动词“关上” eg：close the door
（2）形容词为closed“关着的” eg：The window is closed.
12. all kinds of
all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”
（1） kind
(1) 做名词：意为“种类”
含有kind的短语： a kind of 一种 many kinds of 许多种类的
two kinds of 两种 different kinds of 不同种类的
(2) 做形容词：意为“体贴的，友好的”
eg：It’s very kind of you.
（2） all
意为“所有的”
all / both/ each/ every/ either/ neither的用法
词条 含义 用法 e.g.
both 两者都 +宾格/名词复数+of Both sides of the street are grown trees.
each 两个或两个以上“每一个” +宾格/名词单数+of Each side of the street is grown trees.
all 三者或三者以上“全部、都” all + the + 名词all of +宾格/名词复数 all the afternoonall of us
every 三个以上的全体 +名词单数 Every student is here.
either 两者中任意一人 表示：“或者…或者…”常与or 连用 either you or your sister
neither 两者都不 表示：“既不…也不…” Neither of you will go to the party.
13. get to
get to… 到达….
词组：get to school，get home，get here，get there
对get to 提问，用how
eg：--How do you get to school?
--I go to school on foot every day.
14. sure
（1）副词“当然”= of course
eg：--Can you close the door for me?
--Sure. = of course.
（2）形容词“肯定的，有把握的”
用法： be sure of / about… 对…有把握 eg：Are you sure of / about it?
be sure that + 从句 确信… eg：I’m sure (that) I will success.
14. 代词one 与it
（1）one用于指代同类人/事物中的一个，表示泛指，one指代可数名词单数，复数形式为ones（一些）
eg：I have two cakes , and you have one .
【注意】当one/ones 被定语修饰时，则表示特指，前面有定冠词（复数形式the ones = those）
eg：He doesn’t like the red coat，he wants a black one.
（2） it代替上文中提到的事物本身，其复数形式是they.
eg：I have a new coat. I like it.
口诀：可数单数用one替，ones 替代复数词；
替代若是本身物，it替单they替复；
复数名词替代词，ones、those都可以；
特指ones加定冠，those之前无冠词。
15. a few
a few “有一点儿”
few、a few、little /、a little的区别：
few +可数名词复数 否定“没有，几乎没有” He has few friends here, he feels lonely.
a few +可数名词复数 肯定“有几个” There are a few eggs in the basket.
little +不可数名词 否定“没有，几乎没有” Oh，no，there is little water in the fridge.
a little +不可数名词 肯定“有一点儿” Can you give me a little water?
Project 2句子：
1. Which of the subjects do you like best?
（1） which意思“哪一个”（有限数量中）哪个人或哪个事物
eg：Which do you like best, English, Chinese or Maths?
what “哪些”(未限定数量中) 指明某事物
eg：What do you like?
（2） like…best 最喜欢… = favourite
like…better 更喜欢…… eg：I like history better than biology.
eg：问：Which of the subjects do you like best?
=Which subject do you like best?
=Which is your favourite subject?
答：He likes English best.
= His favourite subject is English.
2. What’s the date today?
（1）--What’s the date today? 今天几月几日？
--It’s +日期.
（2）--What day is it today? 今天星期几？
--It’s +星期几
（3）--What time is it now? 现在几点了？
--It’s +时间点
【注意】对具体的时间点提问用what time也可用when
1. Pardon？
意为：“请再说一遍”
词组：ask for pardon
beg your pardon
【注意】没听清楚对方说的话时，可以用升调说pardon，让对方重复说一遍
若用降调，则表示“原谅、宽恕”的意思
2. far away from
far副词 “远”，修饰动词
far away from…= far from 远离…
eg：I live far away from my school.
=It’s a long way from my home to the school.
【注意】far away from前面不能有具体的距离，但是away from可以
eg：The park is ten miles away from the house.
3. It takes (sb) +时间+to do sth
做某事花了（某人）…时间
eg：It takes me 30 minutes to finish my homework.
=I spend 20 minutes finishing my homework.
【拓展】四大花费：
take： It takes sb +时间+ to do sth.
spend sb (人)+ spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth.sb (人)+ spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.
pay： sb (人)+ pay + 金钱 + for sth.
cost： Sth (物) + cost + sb.+ 金钱Doing sth.costs + sb.+ 时间
4. so
作为连词，意为“因此，所以”（构成结果状语从句）
eg：I get up late，so I’m late for school.
【注意】用英语表达“因为…，所以…”时，用了because就不能再用so，用了so就不能再用because。
eg：Because he was ill, so he didn't go to school. ×
Because he was ill, he didn't go to school. √
He was ill, so he didn't go to school. √
Ⅱ. Grammar
人称代词
Importance 1:
人称代词：
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
（1）人称代词做主语：
eg：I like music.
She and I are good friends.
（2）人称代词做宾语：
eg：Give it to me.
Importance 2:
用法注意点：
（1） 特殊用法：
① it 可以表示天气、时间、距离、小孩、性别不明的等
eg：It's sunny today.
It's eight o'clock now.
It's 5 kilometers from here.
I like my dog，I walk it every day.
② she可以表示国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密的感情
eg：I like China，she is a besutiful country.
③单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格
eg：--I like playing football.
--Me too.
（2） 词序
① 单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：
第二人称→第三人称→第一人称
eg：You，he and I are good friends.。
② 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：
第一人称→第二人称→第三人称
eg：We，you and they will go to the cinema tomorrow.
③第三人称he和she同时使用时，先说he，再说she
eg：He and she will go to the cinema tomorrow.
④承担责任，则把第一人称I或we放在首位
eg：I and Tom broke the window.
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. I am not good at making friends. I have （只有少数几个）friends here.
2. Which of the (科目) do you like (well)，Maths，Chinese or English?
3. Ben and his parents live on the _______ (one) floor.
4. ---_______(哪一个) woman is David’s mother?
--- The one (穿) the red coat.
5. Tom with his sister often _________ (watch) TV on Sundays.
二、选择题
1. ---Close the door，please，Mike.
---______What did you say ?
A. Good. B. Pardon? C. Really D. All right
2. The twin sisters are my classmates，________ are all in the same class.
A. We B. Them C. He D. You
3. My father likes walking，so he often goes to work__________________.
A. on the foot B. by the bus C. on foot D. by the foot
4. It takes my father about half an hour _________ to work .
A. drive B. to drive C. drives D. driving
5. ---That clothes store is ______________ at weekends .
--- I see. I’ll go shopping then.
三、写作
用英文介绍你们的学校
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七年级英语上册课堂学案
Unit 4 My day
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习：
1. 学会. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍学校活动
3. 掌握语法：时间介词和频度副词
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. wake up
wake 意为“醒来；把……叫醒”
eg：What time do you usually wake up in the morning?
wake up表示“把………叫醒”时，要注意宾语的位置：
（1）宾语是名词时，放在wake和up之间 / wake up之后
eg：wake up your brother
= wake your brother up
（2）宾语是人称代词（宾格）时，只能放在wake和up之间
eg：wake him up √
wake up him ×
2. need
（1）动词“需要”
词组： need sth “需要某物”
eg：I need a rest.
need to do sth“需要做某事做某事”
eg：I need to have a rest.
（2）名词“需求”
用法：(There's) no need to do something “没必要做某事”
eg：(There's) no need to go there.
3. fun
（1）fun作不可数名词，意为“嬉戏；娱乐；乐趣”
词组：have fun意为“玩得高兴”= have a good time = enjoy oneself
【注意】 have fun后接动词时要用动词的-ing形式： have fun (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事很愉快”
eg：I have fun playing with my friends.
＝I have a good time playing with my friends.
＝I enjoy myself playing with my friends.
（2）fun也可作形容词，意为“有趣的”
eg：It is fun to play with my friends.
【拓展】fun的形容词形式是funny，意为“有趣的，可笑的”
eg：He is very funny.
4. dislike
dislike意为“不喜欢”，反义词：like
（1）like和dislike是动词形式，like意为“喜欢”，dislike意为“不喜欢”后面加名词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式作宾语。
eg：I like eating fruits and dislike eating vegetables.
（2）likes和dislikes是名词形式，likes意为“喜欢的东西”，dislikes意为“不喜欢的东西”。
eg：I want to know your likes and dislikes.
5. get up
get up意为“起床”，反义词：go to bed，两者均强调动作
eg：go to bed early and get up early
【拓展】有关get的短语：
get on 上车
get off下车
get back 返回
get in 进入
get away 逃离
6. have
（1）表示“吃”，常与三餐构成动词短语：have breakfast/lunch/dinner，
eg：We have lunch at school.
（2）表示“喝”，构成短语：have a drink （注意要加冠词）
eg：Would you like to have a cup of tea?
（3）表示“有”
eg：I have a computer.
（4）表示“进行，举行”
eg：We have four lessons in the morning.
（5）表示“度过，经历”
eg：I hope I can have a good holiday.
【拓展】have的短语：
have fun have a party have a meeting
have a look have a rest have a walk
have a good time have a talk have a picnic
【注意】在有些短语中have可以用take来替换
eg：have/take a look，have/take a walk，have/take a rest
7. exercise
用法：
（1） 用作可数名词，意为“操练；练习”，常用复数形式
eg：do morning exercises
do eye exercises
do some Maths exercises
（2） 用作不可数名词，意为“锻炼，运动”
eg：do / take some exercise 做运动
（3） 用作不及物动词，意为“锻炼，运动”，相当于do / take some exercise
eg：I exercise every morning.
8. do
在英语中，do有双重身份：
（1）作实义动词，表示“做；干”等（第三人称单数形式是does）
eg：I do my homework every evening.
（2）作助动词，无任何含义
(1) 与not连用构成否定句
eg：He doesn’t do morning exercises everyday.
(2) 放在主语前构成疑问句（主语第三人称单数用does）
eg：Does he often do morning exercises?
--- Yes，he does. / ---No，he doesn’t.
9. after-school
after-school 意为“课后的”，是after和school构成的复合形容词，作定语。
eg：after-school activities
after school 意为“放学后”
eg：What do you usually do after school?
10. be late for
be late for意为“迟到……” late的反义词：early
eg：Don’t be late for the class.
11. start
start用作动词，意为“开始”，= begin
后跟动词不定式或动名词作宾语
词组：start lessons
eg：He starts to work at 8:00 every morning.
12. or
作连词 (1) 意为“或者”，表示选择关系
eg：You can go there in the morning or in the afternoon.
(2) 意为“否则”
eg：Hurry up, or you will be late.
13. first
（1）用作副词，意为“首先，最初”，用作状语
短语at first，意为“首先，起初”
eg：You should finish your homework first.
（2）first作序数词，意为“第一”（前一般加定冠词the）
eg：He is the first one to come to school.
【注意】如果序数词前已有物主代词，如my、his等，则不再加定冠词
eg：our first lesson
（3）first用作形容词，意为“最初的，首先的”，常作定语
eg：The first thing to us is to learn English well.
14. chat with
chat with...意为“和……聊天” = talk with...（与……谈话）
eg：Do you often chat with your friends?
15. each other
意为“相互，彼此”，相当于代词，表示相互关系，强调两者之间的“相互，彼此”，通常放在动词或介词后作宾语
eg：They often chat with each other.
【拓展】each other’s 是each other的所有格形式，通常在名词前作定语
eg：They know each other’s secrets.
16. have a good time
have a good time意为“玩得开心，过得愉快”= enjoy oneself = have fun
其中形容词good还可用great，nice，wonderful等代替，意思相同
17. at 6 years old
在年龄前用介词at
年龄的表达： 数字+ years old = at age +数字 = at the age of +数字
eg：We can go to school at 6 years old.
= We can go to school at age 6.
= We can go to school at the age of 6.
【注意】询问年龄的时候，用：How old are you? 或者What is your age? 但不能用：How old is your age?
18. sometimes
副词，表频率，意为“有时” (放置的位置比较随意)
eg：Sometimes we are busy.
They sometimes go swimming in summer.
【辨析】sometimes，sometime，some time，some times
含义 eg：
sometimes “有时”，表示频率= at times Sometimes we have lunch at school.
sometime “某时”，过去或将来一个不确定的时间 We’ll meet again sometime next week.
some time “一段时间”
some times “几次，几倍”times“几次，几倍” We have been to Shanghai some times.
巧记：分开是“一段”（some time）
相连为“某时”（sometime）
分开s是“倍，次”（some times）
相连s是“有时”（sometimes）
19. practise
（1）作不及物动词，意为“练习，训练”
eg：We practise after school on Wednesday afternoon.
（2）作及物动词
用法： (1) practise +名词/代词
eg：She practises the piano every day.
(2) Practise+动词-ing.
eg：Do you often practise playing basketball?
【注意】practise后接动词-ing 形式
20. best wishes
best wishes“最好的祝愿”，表示祝福语，常用于英文书信的结尾
【拓展】朋友之间通信常用语还有：All the best. Take care.等结尾
给家人或密友写信可以用：Lots of love. Love from...等结尾
Wish的用法：
（1）wish作可数名词，意为“愿望，希望”
eg：I make a wish in front of the birthday cake.
（2）wish作及物动词，意为“希望，祝愿”
(1) wish to do sth = hope to do sth
eg：I wish / hope to have a delicious meal this evening.
(2) wish 从句 = hope从句
eg：I wish / hope you study hard.
(3) wish sb to do sth 【注意】hope无此用法
eg：My father wishes me to study hard.
21. life
life 名词，意为“生活，生命”
（1）作“生活”讲，不可数（当表示某种具体的生活时，life可数）
eg：What about your new school life?
They lives a happy life.
（2）作“生命”讲，可数，复数形式：lives
eg：They lost their lives in the caaident.
短语：all one’s life 某人的一生 in one’s life 在某人的一生中
eg：We should try our best to improve our life.
22. at work
at work意为“在工作，从事”
【拓展】at构成的短语还有：
at home 在家 at school 在上学 at table在吃饭
23. how often
how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”
指动作发生的频率，与一般现在时或一般过去时连用
eg：How often does Tom play football?
回答how often时一般用表示频率的词或短语，如always，usually，often，sometimes，never，once a week等。
eg：—Tom plays basketball twice a week . (就划线部分提问)
— does Tom play basketball?
23. have time to do sth
（1）have time to do sth “有时间做某事”，动词不定式短语作后置定语
eg：I have time to study.
（2）have no time to do sth “没时间做某事”
eg：He has no time to study.
23. luck
luck不可数名词，意为“运气”
词组：Good luck! “祝好运”
good luck to / with…“祝…好运”
【拓展】 (1) lucky形容词，意为“幸运的”，反义词：unlucky
eg：I am lucky enough to catch the train.
(2) luckily副词，意为“幸运地”，反义词：unluckily
eg：Luckily the shop is open.
23. go on picnics
go on picnics 意为“去野餐”= go on a picnic
（1） go on意为“进行”
eg：I want to go on a trip to the South Hill.
（2） go on 意为“继续”
词组： 继续做某事（同一件事） go on with sth / go on doing sth
继续去做某事（另一件事） go on to do sth
eg：After a short rest, they go on with their work.
23. once
once副词
（1）意为“一次”
eg：Christmas Day comes once a year.
（2）意为“曾经”
eg：He once lived in Shanghai.
词组：at once意为“立刻，马上”
eg：Clean your room at once.
28. in a skirt
（1）in+表示衣服的名词，意为“穿…（衣服）的”
eg：The woman in a skirt is my English teacher.
（2）in+表示颜色的名词，意为“穿…颜色的（衣服）”，表示穿着的状态
eg：The girl in red is her sister.
eg：—It’s too cold today. Why don’t you your coat?
—I am not feeling cold. I am a woolen sweater.
A. put on; in B. put on; wear C. in; in D. in; put on
29. help
help sb do sth 意为“帮助某人做某事” = help sb with sth
eg：Can you help me do my homework?
= Can you help me with my homework?
30. get ready for
get ready for意为“为···做准备”，后接名词或代词
【拓展】
(1) get…ready意为“把···准备好” （表示动作）
eg：It’s time for class. Please get your books and pens ready.
(2) get ready to do sth 意为“准备好去做某事”= prepare to do sth
eg：The students get ready to have a class meeting.
(3) be ready for / to do sth意为“准备好···”（表示状态）
eg：Are you ready for the test?
32. learn
用法：（1）learn about意为“了解，获悉，认识到”
eg：I can learn a lot about the world.
（2）learn to do sth 意为“学着做某事”
eg：I want to learn to drive a car.
33. a lot
a lot意为“非常，许多”，是副词短语，在句子中作状语
eg：Thanks a lot.
a lot of表示“许多的”= lots of
eg：a lot of students = lots of students
a lot of water = lots of water
34. too much
too much意为“太多”，作形容词，后接不可数名词；作副词，修饰动词
eg：Don’t drink too much wine.
Watching too much TV is bad for your eyes.
区分：too many，too much，much too
含义 eg：
too many “太多（的）” +可数名词复数 There are too many people here.
too much “太多（的）” +不可数名词 I have too much homework to do.
much too “太” 作副词，修饰形或副词 The photo is much too beautiful.
35. how often，how soon，how long，how far的区别
(1) how often 表示“多久一次”，问频率
eg：---How often do you visit your mother?
---Once a week.
(2) how soon 表示“多久之后”
eg：---How soon will he be back?
---In an hour.
(3) how long表示“多长时间”
eg：---How long did he stay here?
---About two weeks.
(4) how far 表示“多远”，问距离
eg：---How far is it from here to the zoo?
---It’s about 1500 meters.
Project 2句子：
1. It’s time to do sth
(1) It’s time to do sth，意为“该到做某事的时间了”
= It’s time for sth /doing sth
eg：It is time to leave. = It is time for leaving.
It’s time for school.
(2) It’s time for sb to do sth，意为“该到某人该做某事的时间了”
eg：It is time for us to go to school.
2. how to do sth
“疑问句＋动词不定式结构”
在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语
eg：How to improve English is important to us.
I want to know what to do next.
The question is when to start.
3. When do you go to school every day?
when引导的特殊疑问句
When意为“什么时候，什么时间”，用来询问时间，有时与what time通用，但what time通常询问具体的时刻，即几点几分。具体用法如下：
（1）询问动作发生的具体时间，两者可以互换
eg：When / what time do you usually get up?
（2）询问具体几点钟，只能用what time，不能用when
eg：What time is it?
（3）询问年份、月份、日期时，只能用when，不能用what time
eg：When is Teachers’ Day?
4. Wish our team good luck !
表示祝愿的常用语，wish后跟双宾语构成表示祝福的用语
Wish you success! 祝你成功！
5. would like to
would like意为"想要"，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下：
（1） would like + 名词 / 代词，表示“要”某样东西
eg：I would like a cup of coffee.
（2） would you like to do sth，有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议
eg：Would you like to help me？
（4） would like sb to do sth ，意为“想要某人做某事”
eg：I'd like you to meet them.
Ⅱ. Grammar
（1） 时间介词
（2） 频度副词
Importance 1:
时间介词 in on at的用法
在英语中，在不同的时间名词前使用in on at来表达做事情的时间
介词 用于 eg：
in 一天中的早、中、晚月份，季节，年 in the morning/afternoon/evening in January/February… in summer in 2008/2018
on 星期的某一天某一天某一天的早中晚特定的节日（一天） on Sunday/Monday/Friday… on 1 September on a cold morning on Children’s Day
at 某一时刻年龄 节日期间 at 9:00 at 12 years oldat Christmas
Importance 2:
（1）频度副词：
usually, sometimes, always, often, seldom, never等
用来表示动作发生的频率，在程度上有所区别
频率由高到低的顺序是：
never < seldom < sometimes < often < usually < always
（2）位置
(1) 放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前
eg：He is always busy.
He often walks to school.
(2) 有时也置于句首，用以强调
eg：Sometimes I go to school by bus.
【注意】sometimes的位置较灵活
（3） 提问
提问频率副词用how often
eg：—How often does he go to the library?
—Never.
【语法练习】
1. --- Do you watch TV_______ the evening? --- Yes, I do.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
2. I was born ________ the night ________ May I，1998.
A. at；of B. in；of C. on；of D. in；on
3. Do you often get up ________ six ________ Saturday morning.
A. in；on B. at； in C. at； on D. in； in
4. We often eat dinner at home on weekends， but ______ we eat out.
A. sometimes B. seldom C. never D. always
5. ---_______ does he go to fly kites? --- ______ a month.
A. How long； One time B. How soon；Once
C. How often； Once time D. How often；Once
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. The boy _________（not know）what to do next.
2. You’d better go home to see your parents _________（two）a week. They need more care..
3. Millie practises ________（read）English every morning.
4. They are very happy in the park.(同义句转换)
They _______ ______ _______ _______ in the park.
5. I go home to see my parents once a week.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ _______you go home to see your parents'?
二、选择题
1. ---- What are you doing here now?
---- I’m thinking _________ chatting with my good friends.
A. how fun to B. how to fun with
C. what to have fun D. how to have fun
2. ---- _____ does your school have the parents’ meeting ?
---- Twice a year.
3. ----How often do you exercise? ----________.
A. For two hours B. Every day
C. More than half an hour D. By bike
4. Mr. Brown is often very busy and has no time his friends.
A. chat B. chat with C. to chat with D. to chat
5. We students should not watch_______ TV or_______ films on weekdays.
A. too much; too much B. too many; too many
C. too much; too many D. too many; too much
三、写作
用英文介绍一下你学校的活动
16 / 16
七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 5 Let’s celebrate!
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
1. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍自己最喜爱的节日
3. 掌握语法：特殊疑问句
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. celebrate
celebrate意为“庆祝”，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词
名词形式：celebration意为“庆祝；庆祝活动”
用法： celebrate sth with sb 和某人一起庆祝某事
eg：Let’s celebrate our success.
2. let
属于使役动词，后接不带to的动词不定式, 作宾语补足语
eg：Let's celebrate Halloween!
辨析：let’s与let us：
let’s 包括说话人和听话人双方在内，含有催促、建议或请双方一起行动的意思 Let’s go to school.（包含对方）
let us 表示请求对方允许自己（第一人称复数）做某事，这里的us不包括听话人在内，不能缩写为let’s Let us go home.（不包含对方）
eg：Let’s go to see the film, shall we?
Let us go to see the film, will you?
【拓展】Let’s…，shall we ? 是提建议的一种方法，我们还可以用其他方法来提建议
eg：Shall we do…? = Why not do…? = Why don’t you do…? = What about doing …? = How about doing t…?
3. guess
（1）作可数名词，意为“猜，猜测”
词组：Have a guess 猜一猜
【拓展】与have a guess结构类似的短语还有：have a walk散步， have a talk谈话，
have a look看一看， have a rest休息，have a drink喝饮料
（2）作及物动词，意为“猜，猜测”，第三人称单数是guesses
后面可以跟名词、代词或宾语从句
e.g.：Can you guess where he comes from?
4. dress
（1） dress 作动词
(1) 用作不及物动词时，表示“穿上衣服”
(2) 用作及物动词时，后加表示人的名词、代词及反身代词，表示“给…穿衣服”
e.g.：Get up and dress quickly.
She dresses her baby every day.
（2） dress作名词
意为：“连衣裙”
eg：The girl in a blue dress is my sister.
词组：dress up “装扮，打扮” eg：dress up for the party.
dress up as... “装扮成... ” eg：dress up as a ghost
5. as
介词，意为“像，如同”
eg：dress up as a ghost 装扮成鬼
【拓展】
(1) as 作介词，意为“作为，当作”，表示身份
eg：As a pupil, you must work hard.
(2) as 作连词，意为“当……时候；因为”
eg：I don’t have time to watch TV, as I have a lot of homework to do.
(3) as 作副词，意为“一样地…”
eg：He is as tall as you.
6. interesting
形容词，意为“有趣的”
【辨析】interesting，interested与interest
词条 词性 含义及用法 e.g.
interesting adj “有趣的”，主语一般是物interesting作表语或定语 The book is very interesting.
interested adj “感兴趣的”，主语一般是人 常用于be interested in结构interested作表语 I’m interested in swimming.
interest n “兴趣；趣味” 常用短：have / take (an) interest in...“对…感兴趣” I have (a) great interest in English.
v “使（人）产生兴趣” This story might interest you.
同类型单词：exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的，
worrying令人担心的 worried感到忧虑的，
boring令人乏味的 bored感到乏味的
tiring令人疲倦的 tired感到疲倦的
7. around the world
意为：“全世界，世界各地”
around the world = all around the world = a ll over the world= in the world = throughout the world
8. tell
意为：“告诉”
tell sb (about) sth告诉某人(关于)某事
e.g. Tell me what happened.
【拓展】和tell 相关的短语： tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事
tell the truth说实话;
tell a story讲故事;
tell a lie说谎
9. what
疑问代词，意为“什么”
e.g. What do you want？
What is your favourite festival？ = What festival do you like best？
【拓展】
（1） what还可以用来提问职业
e.g. What does your father do？ = What is your father’s job？
（2） which is your favourite ...？= Which ... do you like best？
e.g. Which is your favourite subject？= Which subject do you like best？
10. why
Why引导的特殊疑问句，用来询问原因，常用because引导的句子来回答
e.g. ---Why do you like cats？
--- Because they are cute.
【拓展】why引导的疑问句还可以用来向他人提建议。常用以下句型：
Why don’t you + 动词原型 + 其他？
=Why not + 动词原形 + 其他？
肯定回答常用：Great! / Good idea! / That’s sounds interesting!
否定回答常用：I’m afraid we can’t.
e.g. --Why not play basketball?
--I’m afraid I can’t. I must do my homework first.
11. get together
get together意为“聚会，联欢”
e.g. Let’s go to school together.
Together是副词，意为“在一起，共同”
e.g. We often get together on Sundays.
词组：do sth together with sb 意为“和…一起做某事”
12. full
full形容词，意为“满的，充满的；完全的” 反义词：empty，意为“空的”
短语：be full of 意为“充满”
e.g. The room is full of people.
【拓展】full形容词，还可意为“饱的” 反义词：hungry，意为“饥饿的”
e.g. I can’t eat any more. I am full.
13. Thank you for
Thank you for ( doing )sth = Thanks for( doing) sth“因为某事而感谢某人”
后面都跟名词或者动名词
e.g. Thank you for helping me with my homework.
=Thanks for helping me with my homework.
【拓展】 和thank相关的短语： thank God / thank goodness 谢天谢地
thanks to多亏，由于
many thanks / thanks a lot多谢
【注意】thank作名词时要用复数形式
14. some
some意为“一些”，既可修饰不可数名词，又可修饰可数名词复数
e.g. There is some water in the glass.
There are some apples in the basketball.
辨析：some和any
（1） 相同点：二者均有“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词
（2） 不同点：
some 一般用于肯定句用于疑问句中时，表示说话人征求对方意见或希望得到肯定答复
any 一般用于疑问句或否定句
e.g. There are some books on the desk.
Would you like some tea?
Are there any oranges in the shop？
There aren’t any oranges in the shop.
15. paint
（1）paint 及物动词，意为“给……涂色”
paint sth “给……涂色”
paint sth + 表示颜色的词，“把…涂成…颜色”相当于colour作为动词的用法
e.g. Please paint the wall green.
Colour her picture red.
（2）paint 还可作名词，意为“油漆，颜料”
e.g. He buys me a box of paints.
辨析：paint与draw
Paint指用颜料画画，如水彩画或者水墨画 名词 painting
draw指用铅笔、钢笔或者粉笔画画，一般不涂上颜料 名词 drawing
e.g. I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures.
She draws very well.
16. knock
（1）knock 作不及物动词，意为“敲；打击”
后面通常跟介词on或at
e.g. She knocks at / on the window.
（2）knock作名词时，意为“敲，敲击声”
e.g. There is a knock on the door.
17. shout
（1）用作及物动词，后面跟宾语，表示所喊的内容
（2）用作不及物动词，表示“因赞美、提出警告、唤起注意等而喊叫”
e.g. Don’t shout, Jim.
【拓展】shout常与to，at等介词搭配，但要注意区别：
shout to是由于距离远、声音小听不到而“高声喊叫”，to通常表示方向
shout at表示生气时对某人大喊大叫，态度不友好
e.g. I shout to her to help me.
Don’t shout at that old man.
18. give sb sth
（1）give sb sth 意为“给某人某物”，give后接双宾语，= give sth to sb
e.g. Please give them some moon cakes.
= Please give some moon cakes to them.
【注意】当give后的宾语是代词时，必须用give sth to sb.结构
e.g. Can you give it to me? √
Can you give me it? ×
【拓展】带双宾语的动词有：
七给：give，pass传给，lend借给，write写给，show给...看，send寄给，hand交给
bring带来，在直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加to，即：vt. +sth. + to+ sb.
buy，draw，make，在直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加for，即vt. +sth. + for+ sb.
（2）give sb sth as a treat 意为“用某物招待某人”，as是介词，意为“作为”
= give sb a treat of sth.
19. candy
candy用作不可数名词，意为“糖果”
e.g. a box of candy一盒糖果
a piece of candy一块糖果
candy用作可数名词，其复数形式candies，强调各种糖果
20. treat
（1）用作可数名词，意为“招待”
e.g. We should give them a good treat.
（2）用作及物动词，意为“招待；请客；对待”
e.g. We treat you to lunch.
We often treat him as a child.
give sb a treat = treat sb 意为“招待某人”
21. make sth out of
make sth out of ... 意为“用...制成某物”= use …to make…
e.g. He can make kites out of paper.
【拓展】 be made of意为“由...制成”，能看出原料
be made from 也意为“由...制成”，看不出原材料
e.g. The bridge is made of stone.
The paper is made from wood.
22. by bus
by bus 意为“乘公共汽车”，在句中作方式状语。对其提问，用疑问词 how
e.g. -- How does your mother go to work?
-- She goes by bus.
【拓展】在英语中，常用以下结构表示交通方式：
(1) “by + 交通工具名词” 泛指交通方式，名词前一般不加限定词
by bike 骑自行车 by air /plane 乘飞机 by boat 乘船
by train 乘火车 by car 乘小汽车 by taxi 乘出租车
(2) “on /in +限定词+交通工具”，表交通工具的名词前必须加限定词
on the bus 乘公共汽车 in her car 乘她的小汽车
【注意】（1）by bus 介词短语，在句中作状语，表示行为的方式
e.g. I go to school by bus.
（2）take a bus 动词短语，在句中作谓语
e.g. I take a bus to school.
23． present
present可数名词，意为“礼物；礼品”
e.g. Here is a Christmas present for you.
【辨析】present与 gift
present是普通用词，一般指“值钱不多的礼物”
e.g. Each child brings a little presents to the mother.
gift较为正式，带有一定的感彩，表示诚意，有时含有“捐赠”之意
e.g. He gives me a birthday gift.
24. other
other 作形容词，意为“另外的，其他的”
作代词，意为“其他的人/物” 复数形式：others
e.g. some other nice things
【辨析】else，other，the other，others，the others
含义及用法 e.g.
else “另外的，其他的”修饰疑问词或不定代词（置于其后） What else do you want? Nothing else.
other “另外的，其他的” 修饰单数或复数名词（置于其前） We study Chinese and other subjects.
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”，是特指the other之后也可接数词或复数名词，特指“其他的”，这时other是形容词 There are three people here. One is a girl, and the other two are boys.
others 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物” 是 other的复数形式 You should think of others.
the others 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）” There are 20 students here Ten of us are girls, and the others are boys.
25. Happy Chinese New Year!
常用节日问候语有：Happy New Year! 新年快乐! Happy Halloween! 万圣节快乐！
Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐!
其答语一般是：The same to you.
祝福别人生日时常用：Happy birthday! 其答语一般是： Thank you!
26. different
different 形容词，意为“不同的” 后跟可数名词复数形式
e.g. different colours
名词形式：difference，反义词：same
【拓展】be different from 意为“与……不同” 反义：be the same as
e.g. Their school is different from ours.
27. important
形容词，意为“重要的” 名词形式：importance
词组：be important to sb …对某人很重要
句型：it is important to do sth 做某事是重要的
28. find out
find out 意为“找出，发现，查出（真想等）， 了解”
e.g. Find out more on New York Radio.
【辨析】find，find out，look for
含义 用法 e.g.
find out 找出 发现查出了解 指通过调查、查询、打听之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“经过艰难曲折”的含义， 指找出比较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西 find out the answer to the question.
look for 寻找 是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作 I’m looking for my pen.
find 找到发现 指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调“找”的结果 I can’t find my pen.
29. be on holiday
be on holiday 意为“在度假”
holiday名词，可指一两天的“假日”，也可指许多天的“假期”
e.g. They are on holiday in Qingdao.
The summer holidays begin.
【拓展】holiday的常见搭配：
have / take a holiday 休假 go on holiday 去度假 go to sp for a holiday 去某地度假
“3天假期”：a holiday of three days = three days’ holiday = a three-day holiday
【注意】holiday与vacation
vacation一般表示比较长的假期，多指大学的假期、法庭的休庭期
寒、暑假，英国人用：summer/ winter holidays，美国人用：summer/ winter vacation
30. seem
seem用作连系动词，意为“好像，似乎”，常用于如下结构：
（1）Sb. seem(s) (to be)+表语，表语多为名词或形容词，用以说明主语的特征或状态
e.g. He seems a very clever boy.
She seems (to be) very happy.
（2）Sb. seem(s) +动词不定式 ，seem与动词不定式一起构成复合谓语
e.g. He seems to leave the room.
（3）It seems + that从句
e.g. It seems that she is happy.
31. let off
（1）let off 意为“燃放”，相当于 set off
e.g. let off fireworks = set off fireworks
let off还有 “放过某人，让某人下车”之意
（2）off可作介词也可作副词，意为“离开，脱离”
【拓展】与off相关的短语：
take off 脱下；起飞 turn off关闭 put off 推迟 get off下车（飞机等）
32. ready
get sth ready 意为“把某物准备好”
e.g. Our parents get new clothes ready for us
有关ready的短语：
（1）be /get ready for sth. 意为“为某事做好准备”
e.g. Everybody gets ready for the party.
（2）be/get ready to do sth. 意为“准备好做某事”
e.g. Are you ready to take the test?
（3）be always ready to do sth. 意为“ 总是乐于做某事”
e.g. He is always ready to help others.
Project 2句子：
1. What a nice cake!
该句为感叹句的省略句
感叹句一般用what和 how开头，用陈述语序，句末常用“！”
常见结构：
（1）What +a/an(形容词+)+单数名词(+主语+谓语)!
e.g. What a good idea it is!
（2）What (形容词+)+不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!
e.g. What bad weather it is today!
What beautiful flowers they are!
（3）How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!
e.g. How beautiful the garden is!
2. Here is a poster for this year’s Chinese New Year celebrations in New York.
该句是倒装句，正常语序是：
A poster for this year’s Chinese New Year celebrations in New York is here.
用法：当表示地点的here位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come，go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词
句型：Here + 系动词/ 谓语动词 + 主语
e.g. Here’s Tom. ‘
There’s Jim. ‘
Here is a photo of my family.
Here comes the bus. ‘
【注意】
(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态
即不能说 Here is coming the bus.
(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装
e.g. Here I am.
Here it comes.
Ⅱ. Grammar
特殊疑问词
Importance 1:
疑问词有哪些？
词条 含义及用法 e.g.
who 谁 问人的身份，姓名等 He is Jack. ______ is he?
whom 谁 (问宾语） I can help him.______ can you help?
what 什么 问人的职业/ 事物是什么 He is a teacher. _____ is he? He has a book. ______does he have?
which 哪一个 问一定范围内特指的人/物 The girl under the tree is Amy . _______girl is Amy?
whose 谁的 问所属关系 This book is hers. _______ is this book?
what color 什么颜色 问颜色（表语） My shoes is white. ______ is your shoes ?
what time 几点 问时间 We get there at five .______do you get there?
when 什么时候 问时间 We get there in the afternoon ?_____do you get there ?
where 什么地方 问地点（状语） We have lunch at home._____ do you have lunch ?
why 为什么 问原因 He doesn’t come because he is ill.______doesn’t he come?
how 怎样 问健康状况/ 做事的方式 He is strong. _____is he ?I go home by bike. ______do you go home?
how old 多大几岁问年龄 He is five. ______ is he ?
how many 多少问数量 跟可数名词复数形式 There are twenty boys in my class.______ boys are there in your class?
how much 多少问数量/ 价钱 跟不可数名词 There is little water in the bottle._______ water is there in the bottle?
how far 多远问路程 It's 2 kilometers away from here. _______ is it from here?
how soon 多久 问in +一段时间 He can finish it in half an hour.________can he finish it?
how long 多久问一段时间/ 物体的长短 He has come here for 3 months. _______has he come here ? The room is two meters long. _______ is the room ?
how often 多久（一次）问频率 I go to the library once a week._____ _do you go to the library?
Importance 2:
语序：
对画线部分提问，除了要注意选择正确的疑问词外，还要注意语序的运用
1、 对主语提问，语序是：疑问词 + 谓语 + 其他？（陈述句语序）
e.g. --She is my teacher. --Who is you teacher?
2、 对主语的定语部分提问，语序是：疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语+其他？（陈述句语序）
e.g. --My book is over there. --Whose book is over there ?
3．对表语或宾语的定语部分提问，语序是：疑问词 + 表语或宾语 + 一般疑问句
e.g. --I'm reading my book. --Whose book are you reading?
4、对表语、宾语或状语提问，语序是：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？
e.g. --He lives in China. --Where does he live?
5、对谓语和宾语提问，语序是：疑问词(What) + 一般疑问句
（谓语动词要用do 的相对应形式代替， 省略宾语)
e.g. --He did homework yesterday. --What did he do yesterday?
反馈练习
一、填空题
1．Millie_______（好像）very happy today.
2． What a clever girl! She always_______（穿衣服）herself in the morning.
3．The girl in a red dress is my little sister.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ is _______little sister?
4．They walk for half an hour every evening.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ _______they walk every evening?
5．Tom's home is near mine. We usually go to school and go home _______（一起）
二、选择题
1．Thank you ______________ me.
A. for help B. for helping C. to helping D. helping
2． Would you like_______ to the seaside with me?
A. go B. to go C. going D goes
3． －________ are you buying so much food?
－Because your uncle is coming for dinner.
A. What B. How C. Where D. Why
4． The book is very ______. We like it very much.
A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested
5．_______a beautiful picture!
A. How B. Whose C. Where D. What
三、写作
用英文介绍介绍自己最喜爱的节日
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七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 6 Food and lifestyle
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
理解课文内容，能用英文介绍个人的饮食和健康习惯
掌握语法：可数名词和不可数名词
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
half past ten
half past ten意为“十点半” = ten thirty
英语中“几点几分”表达形式：
时在前，分在后，直接用基数词，按顺序读出
e.g. 9：20 nine twenty
【拓展】表示“半小时”常用half，表示“一刻钟”常用quarter
e.g. 1：30 one thirty / half past one
3：15 three fifteen / a quarter past three
6：45 six forty-five / a quarter to six
be good for
be good for 意为“对…有益；对...有好处” 反义词be bad for，意为“对......有害”
e.g. Doing morning exercises is good for our health.
Smoking is bad for our health.
【拓展】be good后接不同的介词表示不同的意思：
be good for 对...有好处
be good at 擅长......，在......方面成绩好
be good with 与......相处得好
be good to 对......友好
keep...away
keep...away 意为“使…离开”
谚语：An apple a day keeps the doctor away! 一天一个苹果，医生远离我！
keep...away from… 意为“使…远离…”
e.g. You should keep your hand away from fire.
【拓展】
（1）keep 用作及物动词，意为“保存，保留”
e.g. keep the book （保留这本书）
keep a secret（保守秘密）
（2）keep 用作联系动词，+ 形容词，表示保持某种状态
e.g. keep quiet（保持安静）
keep healthy /fit（保持健康）
fish
（1）用作名词：既可用作可数名词，又可用作不可数名词
(1) 用作可数名词，指“鱼的条数”时，单复数形式相同，如：five fish 5条鱼
指“鱼的种类”时，复数形式为fishes，如：two fishes两种鱼
（2）用作不可数名词时，意为“鱼肉”
e.g. Do you like eating fish?
There are a lot of fish in the pool.
（2）fish还可用作不及物动词，意为“钓鱼；捕鱼”
e.g. go fishing （去钓鱼）
【拓展】goldfish可数名词，意为“金鱼”
health
health名词“健康”= fitness
词组：in good / bad health 身体健康/ 不健康
be good for one’s health 对…健康有好处
【拓展】 形容词healthy 副词healthily
e.g. He is in good health. = She is healthy. 他身体健康
名词所有格：表示名词所有关系的形式
（1）表示有生命的人或物的所有格，一般在词尾加“’s”
e.g. the boy’s bike
（2）多人所有格的两种情况：
A. 表示两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后一个名词上
e.g. Lucy and Lily’s room（表示两人共有的房间）
B. 表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词后都加“’s”
e.g. Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms（表示两人各自拥有自己的房间）
【拓展】（1）以s结尾的复数名词，其所有格形式只在词尾加“’”
不以s结尾的复数名词，其所有格形式在名词词尾加“’s”
e.g. the students’ books the teachers’ office
Women’s Day Children's Day
（2）表示住宅、学校、医生、店铺及公共建筑的名词所有格后所修饰的名词常省略
e.g. at Lucy’s (home) 在Lucy家 at the teacher’s 在老师办公室
at the doctor’s 在医务室 at the barber’s 在理发店
have...for breakfast
.have...for breakfast /lunch/dinner 意为“早饭/午饭/正餐吃...”
= eat/have....for lunch/supper/dinner
e.g. I always have bread for breakfast.
【注意】其中for breakfast/lunch/dinner短语可以放在句首，也可以放在句末
放在句首时通常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开
e.g. For breakfast, I always have bread.
对其提问用：What do/does sb have for breakfast /lunch/ dinner?
important
形容词 “重要的”
短语：…be important to sb …对某人很重要，强调对某人很重要的东西
e.g. Money is important to us.
固定句型：it is important for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是重要的
e.g. It is important for you to get there early.
plan
（1）动词“计划，打算”
plan sth 计划某事
e.g. They are planning a trip to Hainan.
plan to do sth 计划做某事 = be going to do sth
e.g. They plan to have a party next week.
（2）名词“计划，方案”
e.g. My plan worked perfectly.
词组：a change of plan计划有变 make plans制订计划
10. an orange
an orange 意为“一个橘子”
读音以原因音素开头的单词前，用不定冠词an表示“一个”；
读音以辅音音素开头的单词前，用不定冠词a表示“一个”
【注意】这里指的是元音音素和辅音音素，不是指字母
e.g. an apple， an egg， an old man， a desk， a cake
【拓展】
（1）有些以元音字母开头的单词，其发音却是辅音音素，前面的冠词要用a
e.g. a European country， a useful plan
（2）有些以辅音字母开头的单词，其发音却是元音音素，前面的冠词要用an
e.g. an‘f’， an hour， an honest man (h不发音)
（3）以元音字母u开头的单词，有的发元音音素，有的发辅音音素
A．发元音音素的单词有：umbrella，ugly，unkind，unusual
e.g. an umbrella， an ugly man， an unusual man
B．发辅音音素的单词有：university，useful，useless，usual
e.g. a useful book， a university
11. change
作动词，意为“改变”
用法： change sth 改变某物 e.g. I want to change our seats.
change sth to/into sth 把某物变成某物
change sth for sth 把某物换成某物
12. less than
（1）less than意为“不到，少于”，反义词：more than 意为“多于”
常用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较
e.g. --How often do you exercise?
--Less than four times a week.
The hall can hold more than one thousand people.
（2）less 是little的比较级，意为“更少的（地），较少的（地）”
e.g. I drink less（water）at night
We are eating more and exercising less.
13. order
（1）用作及物动词，意为“点菜；命令”
e.g. I would like to order some vegetables.
My mother orders me to go home.
（2）用作名词，意为“订单；顺序；命令”
e.g. They have a large order for computers.
We should finish the work in order.
receive an order接到命令
【拓展】(1) in order意为“按顺序，依次”
e.g. We go into the hall in order.
(2) in order to do sth 意为“为了做某事”
e.g. He gets up early in order to catch the early bus.
14. total
total形容词“总的，总计的，全部的”
e.g. The total money is one thousand.
（1）in total 合计，共计（可以放句首也可放句末）
e.g. I have six books in total.
（2）a total of… 共计…
e.g. A total of 3.000 letters were received last month.
15. taste
（1）用作连系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后通常用形容词作表语。
e.g. The meat tastes nice.
谚语：Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口
（2）taste用作及物动词，意为“品尝”。
e.g. The cook tastes the food.
（3）taste用作名词，意为“味道，爱好”。
e.g. It has a bitter taste.
We have similar tastes in music.
16. by the seashore
by the seashore意为“在海边”
【拓展】by 的常见用法：
（1）by+地点名词，表方位，意为“在······旁边”。
by the lake在湖边 by the river在河边 by the window 在窗子旁边
（2）by+时间名词，意为“到······时；在······之前”。
by now到现在为止 by next Friday 在下周五之前
（3） by+交通工具、交通方式名词，意为“乘坐······”。
（名词前不加冠词，不用复数），
by bike 骑自行车 by bus 乘公共汽车 by train乘火车
17. hundred
hundred意为“百”
（1）其前加基数词表示“几百”时，hundred要用单数形式
e.g. There are eight hundred students in our school.
（2）其后与of连用表示约数“数百”时，hundred要用复数形式
e.g. There are hundreds of trees in our school yard.
【拓展】与hundred用法相同的单词还有thousand（千），million（百万）等。
18. give sb energy for
give sb energy for sth 给某人提供...的能量
e.g. Breakfast can give me energy for the whole morning.
give sb energy for doing sth 给某人提供做某事的能量
e.g. Food can give people energy for playing sports.
19. All right
All right 行了，好吧 = OK 表示同意对方的意见
【拓展】That’s all right.
表示“不用谢；不客气”，是感谢用语。
表示“没关系；不要紧；不介意”，是道歉用语的答语。
20. whole
whole形容词“整个的” = all
whole，all的区别：
用法 e.g.
whole the whole+名词 Tell me the whole story.
all all the +名词 The baby is crying all the afternoon.
Project 2句子：
How about...?
How about...? 是英语口语中常用的客套句型，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，
常用于以下几种情况：
（1）用来询问情况或打听消息等，意为“......怎么样”“......如何”
e.g. I’m ready. What about you?
（2）用来提出请求、建议或征求对方的意见，意为“（你认为）...怎么样？”
e.g. How about having a rest?
（3）寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。
e.g. I’m from Beijing. How about you?
【注意】what about和how about通用，在表达和使用上没有区别。
would you like...?
would you like...?用来礼貌的询问对方的意愿或委婉的提出要求、建议。
Would you like = want，但语气比want更委婉、更礼貌。
Would you like 没有人称和数的变化，肯定句中常在主语后缩写为’d。
（1）would you like sth. 想要某物
e.g. Would you like some bread?
（2）would like to do sth. 想要做某事
e.g. Would you like to go with me?
（3）would like sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事
e.g. Would you like him to do the work?
I often play football to keep fit.
to keep fit在这里是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
动词不定式短语做目的状语时，既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，意为“为了····”。
e.g. I often get up early to catch the early bus.
= To catch the early bus，I often get up early.
Ⅱ. Grammar
可数名词与不可数名词
名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。
Importance 1:
名词复数的规则变化
大多数名词 变化
一般的名词词尾直接加-s room —— rooms house ——houses
以ch，sh，s，ss，x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es bus —— buses glass —— glasses watch ——watches dish——dishes box ——boxes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es city—— cities body —— bodies factory —— factories
以f 或fe 结尾的名词， 要将f或fe改为v再加-es half—— halves leaf —— leaves knife——knives wife ——wives
以o 结尾的名词， 初中英语中只有hero，tomato，potato加es， 其余的都加s hero——heroes tomato —— tomatoes potato —— potatoes photo —— photos
Importance 2:
名词复数的不规则变化：
少数名词 变化
变a为e man —— men woman —— women policeman ——policemen
单复数同形 deer鹿，Sheep绵羊， Chinese， Japanese 如people，单数形式表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。
国家国籍 Chinese——Chinese Japanese——Japanese Englishman ——Englishmen American——Americans 中日不变，英美变，其余后面s添
变oo为ee foot → feet tooth → teeth
其他特殊变化 child—— children mouse——mice
Importance 3:
不可数名词：
一般情况下物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。
物质名词：milk牛奶；water水；orange橙汁；bread面包；rice米饭；tea茶
抽象名词：happiness幸福；advice建议
（2）不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
eg. The food is very fresh.
（3）有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。
eg. water (水) ——waters (水域) orange (橘汁) ——oranges (橘子)
（ （4）很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义不变。
eg. food ——foods fish —— fishes hair ——hairs
（5）不可数名词前不能直接加不定冠词a或an表示“一”的概念。
（6）不可数名词不能直接与具体数字连用，但可借助单位词表示一定的数量。其形式为“数词/冠词+计量单位词+of+不可数名词”
eg. two bags of rice three cups of tea a glass of water
four kilos of meat five cartons of milk six bottles of juice
反馈练习
一、填空题
1．Having vegetables __________(keep) us fit.
2．It is good for us ____________(have) a wonderful breakfast.
3．They are________(woman) doctors.
4．I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.
5．The_______ (妇女)with their_______ (儿童)are feeding the__ ___ (绵羊).
二、选择题
1． These vegetables are good ______you.
A. at B. with C. to D. for
2． It’s important ________everyone _________exercise every day.
A. of; to do B. for; doing C. on; to do D. for; to do
3． Everyone must eat ________food to keep _________.
A. health; health B. health; healthy C. healthy; health D. healthy; healthy
4． There?are?four?_____?and?two?______?in?the?group.?
A.?Japanese；?Germen????B.?Japaneses；?Germen????C.?Japanese；Germans?
5． We can make a fire _______the room warm.
A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept
三、写作
用英文介绍个人的饮食和健康习惯
1 / 12
七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 7 Shopping
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
1. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍一家购物中心
3. 掌握语法：some和any的用法、there be 句型
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. down
（1） 用作介词，意为“沿着，向下”
e.g. down the street 沿着这条街
climb down the tree 沿着树向下爬
（2） 用作副词，意为“向下”
e.g. The cat is in the tree. But it can’t get down.
2. hate
及物动词，意为“讨厌，恨”，有强烈的感彩，= dislike，但比dislike程度重
反义词为like，love
hate的用法
词条 含义 e.g.
hate sb./sth. 讨厌某人/某物 I hate the man in the film.
Hate doing sth 讨厌做某事（习惯性） He hates running.
Hate to do sth 讨厌做某事（某次具体行为） Amy hates to walk in the rain.
Hate sb to do sth 讨厌某人做某事 I hate him to talk so much.
3. need
（1）need作实义动词，意为“需要”
(1) need sth 需要某物 e.g. I need a lot of energy.
(2) need to do sth. e.g. we need to buy some clothes.
(3) need sb. to do sth 需要某人做某事 e.g. She needs the teacher to help her.
（2）need作名词，意为“需要，必要”
句型：There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事
4. carry
carry及物动词“拿，提，搬”，第三人称单数形式是carries.
carry sth 搬某物
词组：
carry sth on one’s back/ shoulder/ arms 某人背某物/ 将某物扛在肩上/ 抱着某物
区别：carry，bring，take，get
词条 含义 用法
carry 拿，搬；携带 随身带着，从一处带到另一处，强调动作的移动性，不强调方向
bring 带来；拿来 带到说话人所在的地方
take 带走；拿走 从说话人这带到别处去
get 拿，取 指离开说话人处，去别处把人或物带回原处，表示动作的往返
e.g. The man often helps the granny carry water.
Bring your homework here tomorrow.
Can you take these books to the classroom?
Can you get me some water?
【注意】bring，take，get后可接双宾语
bring sb sth， take sb sth， get sb sth
e.g. Bring me the photos，please.
5. buy
buy及物动词“买”
buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 给某人买某物
e.g. My brother buys me a bike. = My brother buys a bike for me.
类似结构的短语：
make sb sth = make sth for sb 给某人做某物
cook sb sth = cook sth for sb 给某人煮某物
draw sb sth = draw sth for sb 给某人画某物
6. maybe
maybe副词“也许，可能”，多用于口语，表示猜测的语气 = perhaps
区别：maybe与may be
词条 词性 含义及用法 e.g.
maybe 副词 “可能，也许” 多位于句首 Maybe he is a teacher.
may be 情态动词+be “可能是，也许是” 位于句中 He may be a teacher.
7. interested
interested 形容词，意为“感兴趣的”
be/ become interested in... 对...感兴趣，后接名词、代词、动词ing形式作宾语
e.g. We are interested in sports.
区分：interested和interesting
词条 含义 用法
interested 对...感兴趣的 指人对某事（物）感兴趣，多用来形容人
interesting 令人感兴趣的 表示事物本身使人产生兴趣，多用来形容物
e.g. I’m very interested in English.
English is very interesting.
8. collect
collect 及物动词“收集，收集”
collect sth “收藏某物” e.g. He likes collecting many kinds of tickets.
名词形式 collection“收藏，收藏品；收集物” ，为可数名词
collector“收藏家，收集者”，为可数名词
词组：a collection of...“一堆......，一系列......”
9. minute
minute 意为“分钟”，是时间单位
其他时间单位还有second(秒)，quarter(一刻钟)，hour(小时)
固定搭配：just a minute 表示 “稍等片刻”，用于交际场合。
= wait for a minute = wait for a short time = wait a moment = wait for a while
10． cost
意为“值多少钱，需付费”，可以表示值多少钱，也可以表示需要多少时间或精力
【注意】主语是物 (不能是人)
常用结构：sth.costs (sb.)+金钱/时间/精力，表示某事物花了某人多少钱/时间/精力
e.g. The new computer coats a lot of money.
The work will cost us two hours.
11. each
（1）用作副词，意为“每个，每件”
e.g. They are two yuan each.
They cut the cake in two and ate half each.
（2）用作形容词，意为“各自的，每个的”
e.g. Each boy gets a present.
（3）用作代词，意为“每个，各个”，后面的动词用第三人称单数
e.g. Each has his advantage.
【注意】each of 后+名词复数或代词宾格，谓语动词用单数
e.g. Each of us has a seat.
Each of the students is here.
【辨析】each与every
each 代词，形容词，副词 在句中作主语、宾语、同位语、定语或状语 （两个或两个以上中的）每个 强调整体概括
every 形容词 在句中作定语 （三个或三个以上中的）每个 表示个别概念
【注意】each可作不定代词，与of连用，every只能作限定词，不能与of连用
e.g. He buys a present for each of his parents.
Every worker is here and does his work.
12. cheap
cheap形容词“便宜的”，反义词expensive/ dear“贵的”
cheap，expensive不用来修饰price（价格），而用high或low表示价格的高低
e.g. The price of the shirt is too high.
13. last
last可以用作形容词、副词，表示“最近刚过去(的);最后(的)
常用的搭配：last night (昨晚)，last year (去年)，last week (上周)，
last Monday (上周一)，at last（最后)
14. match
用作及物动词 表示“与…相配”
常用句型：
（1） sth match(es) sth 某物和某物相配
e.g. The tie matches your shirt.
（2） match sth well = go well with sth 与某物很相配
e.g. The coat matches the dress well. =The coat goes well with the dress.
（3） match sth with sth 把某物与某物搭配起来
e.g. Match the pictures on the left with the words on the right.
【拓展】match 还可以作名词，意为“比赛；火柴”，复数形式均为matches
e.g. a football match
a box of matches.
15. enough
（1）形容词“足够的，充分的”，可作表语，也可作定语。
A．作定语修饰名词时，可置于名词前，也可置于名词后
e.g. We have enough money. = We have money enough.
B．常与 for +不定式 连用，构成enough for sb. to do sth.
e.g. Here are enough candles/ candles enough for my birthday party.
（2）副词“足够地；充分地”，修饰形容词或副词，放在形容词或副词之后
e.g. He run fast enough.他跑的足够快。
常与不定式连用，表示程度，构成：be+形容词+enough to do sth 足够...可以做某事
e.g. The boy is old enough to go to school.
（3）代词“足够；充分”
e.g. I had enough. 我吃饱了
16. paper
（1）不可数名词“纸”
e.g. a piece of paper 一张纸
（2）可数名词“报纸；试卷”，做“报纸”讲，相当于newspaper
e.g. a morning paper 晨报
an evening paper 晚报
The students are working on their papers. 学生在做试卷
17. most
（1）作形容词“最多的，多数的” 后可跟名词复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式
e.g. Most people think so.
（2）作副词“最，非常”放在形容词前表示最高级，短语：the most+形容词+of
e.g. This is the most difficult of the three.
（3）作代词 短语：most of+名词，表示“大部分，绝大多数”
后接有定冠词、指示代词或形容词词性物主代词修饰的名词
e.g. Most of the town was destroyed.
18. poor
形容词：
（1）“贫困的” My grandpa was born in a poor mountain village.
（2）“可怜的” The poor little boy lost his way in the forest.
（3）“差的” My English is very poor. I need to practise it more.
19． area
名词
（1）“面积” have an area of...= be… in area 面积为...
e.g. This park has an area of about 2000,000 square meters.
（2）“地区” living areas 居住地
20. a pair of
a pair of “一双，一对，一副”，用于成双成对的同类东西前
（1）a pair of +名词复数做主语，谓语动词用单数
e.g. There is a pair of glasses on the table.
词组：a pair of trousers/ jeans 一条裤子/牛仔裤
a pair of shoes/ socks 一双鞋子/袜子
a pair of gloves 一副手套
a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
（2）基数词+pairs of +名词复数做主语，谓语动词用复数
e.g. There are two pairs of glasses on the table.
词组：two pairs of trousers/ jeans 两条裤子/牛仔裤
21. size
名词“大小；尺寸” e.g. The two books are the same size.
询问某人穿多大尺码（鞋、衣服）的特殊疑问句：
What is your size? 你的尺码是多少？
= What size do you wear?
= What size are your feet? 你脚多大码？
回答用：Size L/ M/ S
Size+数词 e.g. These shoes are Size 5.
22. try on
try on意为“试穿”
“动词+副词”型短语，名词作宾语，可放在on 之前或之后；代词作宾语，只能放在该词组的的中间，且要用宾格形式。
e.g. She tries on her new skirt.
Let him try it on.
类似用法的短语：
wake up 叫醒 turn on/off 开/关
turn up/down 调高/ 低 pick up 捡起
put on 穿上 take off 脱掉
put up 张贴
【拓展】
（1）try 用作及物动词，“尝试，试图”
常见用法：try doing sth. 尝试着做某事
try to do sth . 努力做某事
e.g. Why not try going by boat next time?
He tries to finish the work on time.
（2）try作为不及物动词，“尝试，试，试图”
e.g. Let’s try again.
23. change
（1）用作名词
A．不可数名词，指 “零钱，找头”
e.g. I have about 100 yuan in change.
B．可数名词，意为“变化，变更”
e.g. The change in our country is great.
（2）用作动词，表示“变化；改变”
e.g. The weather here often changes in June.
常见搭配：charge….into…..把….变成…..
e.g. He changes the paper into a bird.
24. not…any = no
I don’t have any money. = I have no money.
25. different
意为“不同的”，词组：be different from 与….不同 反义词：the same as
26. fit
（1）用作动词，常指大小和形状合身，常用well，badly，nicely等修饰
A．作及物动词，意为“（使）适合”
用法：sth fit(s) sb 某物适合某人
e.g. The dress fits her.
B． 作不及物动词，意为“合适，合身”，后面不接宾语
e.g. This coat doesn’t fit well.
C． “安装”
e.g. Can you fit the machine for me?
（2）形容词“健康的”
词组：keep fit 保持健康
用法：be fit for sb 适合某人
be fit to do sth 适合、胜任做某事
e.g. This pair of shoes fits me very well.
Daniel is not fit to be the chairperson of the Students' Union.
27. price
名词“价格，价钱”
固定句型：What’s the price of...？ ...多少钱？
e.g. What's the price of a packet of cigarettes(香烟)?
【辨析】
词条 含义及用法 e.g.
the price for s b 某人（买某物）所需付的价钱 The price for students is 20 yuan.
the price of sth 某物的价格 The price of the ticket is 20 yuan.
28. another
another限定词“又一，另一；别的”+ 可数名词单数
e.g. Can you give me another pen?
词条 含义 用法
other 另外的；其他的 +名词的单数/复数泛指作代词时，单数other，复数 others
the other 另一个；剩余的 +名词单数/复数特指 （常用语：one... the other....一个...,另一个...）作代词时，单数the other，复数the others，表示剩余的全部
another 又一，另一；别的 +可数名词单数泛指 三者或三者以上的同事物中的“另一个”，强调“再，又”
e.g. Do you have any other books?
Some of these methods will work，others will not.
I have two dogs. One is white， the other is black.
Four people are in the park，two are singing，and the others are dancing.
29． food
（1）用作可数名词，意为“食物”，强调食物的种类或指某种特定的食物
e.g. There are different kinds of foods at the restaurant.
There are foods from different areas.
（2）用作不可数名词，意为“食物，食品”
e.g. The food is not healthy. You should not eat it any more.
30. large
large形容词“大的；大号的”，强调面积、容量、外形，只能形容物
e.g. The room is large enough for us to live.
区别于：Big强调体积大，既形容人，也形容物（反义词：small）
31. note
名词“笔记；便条”
词组：takes/ make notes 做笔记
32. top
A. 名词 “顶部，（物体的）上面” the top of ......的顶部
B. 形容词 “（位置，级别等）最高的” top students: 尖子生
Project 2句子：
1. Here is my wallet.
倒装句，Here +谓语+主语
e.g. Here is a letter for you.
2. 现在进行时除了表示正在进行的动作，还可以表示将来。
现在进行时表示将来的时候，常含有“意图、安排或打算”的含义。
所用动词多是come，go，begin，start，stay等表示转移或位移的动词
e.g. I’m coming.我来了
I’m going.我要走了
3. Can I help you?
Can I help you? 请问您要点什么?这是商店售货员招呼顾客时的常用语。
在说英语的国家，商店售货员常问顾客：
“Can/ May I help you?
/ What can I do for you?
/ Is there anything I can do for you?”
表示客气和礼貌；而不说What do you want? 因为这样会显得很无礼.
顾客如果需要可回答：“Thankyou，I want.../ Yes，please. I'd like…”
不需要时可回答：“No，thanks./ Just have a look.”
4. You’re welcome.
You’re welcome. 不客气，为交际用语，用于回答别人的感谢
与之意思相近的表达还有：It’s my pleasure./ My pleasure./
Don’t mention it./ That’s all right.
【拓展】 Welcome to +地点，意为“欢迎来到某地”
6． 询问物品的价格
①How much is/are+主语？ 答：It is…/ They are…
②How much +助动词+主语+cost？ 答：It costs…/ They cost…
③What’s the price of...？
e.g. How much is the coat？= What’s the price of the coat？
= How much does the coat cost？
7. The mall is a good place to meet friends and have fun.
动词不定式短语to meet friends and have fun做后置定语，修饰名词place。在英语中，动词不定式（短语）作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面。
e.g. Would you like something to eat?
He has lots of clothes to wash.
Ⅱ. Grammar
1. some和any的用法
2. there be 句型
Importance 1:
some和any的用法：
在英语中我们常用some和any这样不定数或不定量的词来修饰名词。
用法：
词条 含义 用法
some 一些 修饰可数名词/ 不可数名词，常用于肯定句
any 修饰可数名词/ 不可数名词，常用于否定句或疑问句
e.g. Please bring some coffee.
There won’t be any trouble.
Are there any cows in the fields?
【注意】
（1）some用于疑问句是表示“请求、建议、邀请或希望得到肯定的回答”。
e.g. Would you like some coffee?
Do you have some stamps?
（2）any用于肯定句时，通常要重读，表示“任何，无论哪一个”。
e.g. Any time you want me, just send for me.
Importance 2:
there be句型：
表示“某处有（存在）某人或某物”，其结构为“There be(is，are)+名词+地点状语”
There are fifty-two students in the playground.
There is some water in the glass.
句型 结构 e.g.
肯定句 There be+主语+地点状语 There is an orange in her bag.
否定句 There be+not+主语+地点状语 There isn’t an orange in her bag.
一般疑问句 Be+there+主语+地点状语？ 肯定回答：Yes，there be. 否定回答：No，there be not. Is there an orange in her bag？ Yes，there is. No，there isn’t.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+主语+Be+there+地点状语？ How many sheep are there in the field?
【注意】
1. 否定句、一般疑问句中，把some改为any
e.g. There are some oranges in her bag. There aren’t any oranges in her bag.
There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her handbag?
2. there be句型中be动词形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果句子的主语是可数名词单数或是不可数名词，be动词用is；
如果句子的主语是可数名词复数，be动词用are。
e.g. There is a basketball in the box. There is a little milk in the glass.
There are many birds in the tree. There are many people in the street.
3. 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个名词在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。
e.g. There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
【拓展】表示“有”：
there be，have/has与with：
(1) there be意为“某地有某物”，强调“存在有”
e.g. There is a library in our school.
(2) have/has 意为“拥有”，强调“所属关系”
e.g. Sandy has a football.
(3) with 意为“附带有”，侧重对前面的人或物进行补充，强调人或物的特征
e.g. The girl with big eyes is my sister.
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. Your teacher isn’t here. ___________(或许) she is in the office.
2. Many students in our school like __________(收集) stamps.
3. Zhang Lei is a good boy. He often__ _____(抬) water for that old woman.
4. I am too hungry. I want to eat ___________(又一个) cake.
5. I think her blouse__________(搭配) her trousers well.
二、选择题
1. If you want to buy this dress, you’d better _______first to make sure it fits you.
A. pay for it B. take it for C. tidy it up D. try it on
2. -- Oh, the traffic is so heavy.
-- Let’s change ______ route to the airport.
A. other B. others C. the other D. another
3. Water Park is a good place __________.
A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun
4. There _______a dictionary and two pens on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are
5. —There is no salt left. Jim, would you like to get _ ____?
—OK, Mum!
A. it B. one C. some D. any
三、写作
用英文介绍一家购物中心
15 / 16
七年级上册英语课堂学案
Unit 8 Fashion
目标导读
通过本单元课文的学习:
1. 学会重点单词、短语、句子的用法
2. 理解课文内容，能用英文介绍各种服装设计
3. 掌握语法：现在进行时的用法
自主学习
I. Language points
Project 1单词、短语：
1. think about
（1）think about意为“思考，考虑”，= think of，后接名词或动词-ing形式
e.g. You can think about my idea.
What do you think of（about）the film？
She is thinking about changing her idea.
think about意为“想起”，表示“回想过去的事情”、“考虑某计划是否切实可行”时，一般不和think of换用
e.g. I often thought about what you said．
I will think about your suggestion.
【拓展】think over仔细考虑，深思熟虑
e.g. Think over the question before you answer it.
2. ten more
ten more 意为“另外十（个）
“数字+ more +名词” = “another+数字+名词”，意为“另外多少......”
Please give him two more apples.
=Please give him another two apples.
3. spend
spend作及物动词，意为“度过；花费”
（1）作“度过”讲：
e.g. How do you spend your weekend?
（2）作“花费”讲：
辨析：“四大花费”—— spend，pay，cost与take
词条 主语 含义 用法
spend 人 花费时间或金钱 Sb spend(s) some money/time+on sth+(in) doing sth. in常省略 某人花金钱/时间做某事
pay 人 花费金钱 Sb pay(s) money for sth. 某人花钱买某物
cost 物 花费金钱 Sth cost(s) sb some money.
take It 花费时间 It takes sb some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间
e.g. I spend five yuan on the book.
He spend an hour doing his homework.
How much money do you pay for the book?
That book costs me 15 yuan.
It takes him two days to prepare for the fashion show.
4. in bed
in bed意为“卧床，（躺）在床上”，其中bed不指具体的哪张床，也不和其他名词对比，只是表示床的功能，即“卧床休息，睡觉”，不与冠词连用
e.g. Don’t read in bed. It’s bed for your eyes.
【拓展】类似短语：in hospital 住院 at school上学
5. then
then意为“那么”，常用于表示交谈或陈述的开始或结束
e.g. Then you can wait for me at the school gate.
OK, bye, then.
6. tie
（1）用作可数名词，意为“领带”
e.g. His red tie matches his suit very well.
（2）用作及物动词或不及物动词，意为“系，绑，栓，扎”
现在分词形式为tying
用法： tie...to... 意为“把...系到...上” e.g. He ties the cow to a tree.
tie up 意为“系上” e.g. This rope（绳子） can’t tie properly.
7. lend
lend及物动词，意为“借给，借出”，表示“自己”借给“他人”
e.g. Can you lend me your ruler? = Can you lend your ruler to me?
【辨析】lend与borrow
词条 含义 用法 e.g.
lend 借出，借给 把东西借给他人 lend sb sth lend sth to sb Can you lend your pen to me? = Can you lend me your pen ?
borrow 借入，借来 从他人处借来东西 borrow sth from sb/sp We often borrow books from the library.
keep 保留，保存 表示借了多长时间 +表示一段时间的时间状语 You can keep this book for two weeks.
8. show
（1） 用作可数名词，意为“表演；演出；节目” e.g. It’s really a good show.
词组： on show 被展示，上演 e.g. The cars on show are all expensive.
（2） 用作及物动词，意为“出示；展示；上映；放映”
常用搭配有：show sth to sb = show sb sth. 向某人展示某物
show sb how to do sth. 演示给某人看如何做某事
show sb. around 带领某人参观
e.g. Can you show us your new house? = Can you show your new house to us?
Can you show us how to make a kite?
9. light
（1）用作形容词，意为“轻的”，反义词是heavy，意为“重的”
e.g. My school bag is light, but his is heavy.
（2）用作形容词，意为“浅的”，反义词是dark，意为“深的”
e.g. light blue 浅蓝色
（3）用作可数名词，意为“灯”
e.g. Please turn off the lights when you leave the room.
10. popular
popular形容词，意为“流行的；受欢迎的”
词组：be popular with“受......欢迎”
e.g. He’s a popular teacher in our school.
His songs are popular with young people.
11. among
among介词，意为“在......之间”，表示在三者或三者以上之间
辨析：among与between
两者均可意为“在......之间”，但表示范围的不同
词条 含义 e.g.
among 在（三者或三者以上） There is a house among the trees.
between 在（两者之间） I sit between Tom and Sandy.
12. cool
cool形容词，意为“酷的”，是cool的音译，在口语中常指某人或某物“有型，潇洒，特别时尚”等，本意是“凉爽的”
e.g. It gets cool in autumn.
He looks cool in his black jacket.
13. smart
（1）形容词，意味“聪明的” = clever = bright
（2）形容词，意味“衣着讲究的；精干的”
e.g. He often wears smart cloths.
He looks smart in sports cloths.
14. both...and...
both...and... 意为“...和...两者都”，连接两个并列成分，可作主语或宾语。
【注意】(1) 两个并列成分作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g. Both he and I are students.
(2) both 指两个人或物，all 指三个或三个以上的人或物。
both 和 all 位于be动词之后，行为动词之前。
e.g. 我们两个都想去：We both want to go there. = Both of us want to go there.
【拓展】(1) both用作形容词时，意为“两个，两者”，修饰可数名词复数，名词前可以有定冠词、指示代词或名词所有格。
e.g. Both (the) books are new.
(2) both用作代词，意为“两个都”，可与of连用。
e.g. Both of the students are late for school. = The students both are late for school.
15. be made of
be made of 意为“由.....制成”，通常能看出原材料。
e.g. The desk is made of wood.
辨析：be made of 、be made from与be made in
词条 含义 e.g.
be made of 由制成品能看出原材料 These bottles are made of glass.
be made from 由制成品看不出原材料 Wine is made from grapes.
be made in 强调产品的产地 The car is made in China.
16. in your purple shirt
辨析：be in, wear, put on, dress与be dressed in
词条 含义 用法 e.g.
be in 强调穿的状态 +衣服、颜色 She is in white.
wear 强调穿的状态 +衣帽、首饰、眼镜 She likes wearing red clothes.
be dressed in 强调穿的状态 +衣服、颜色 He’s dressed in blue.
put on 强调穿的动作 +鞋、帽、衣服 Put on your hat.
dress 强调穿的动作 +人 I dress myself.
17. write
write a letter to sb. 意为“给某人写一封信”= write to sb
区别于：hear from sb “收到某人的来信” = receive/ get a letter from sb.
e.g. He is writing (a letter) to his penfriend.
18. wait for
wait for意为“等待，等候”，其中wait为不及物动词，意为“等；等待；等候”
词组：wait for sb意为“等待某人” e.g. Who are you waiting for?
【拓展】词组：can’t wait to do sth. / can’t wait for sth. 意为“迫不及待的做某事”
e.g. He can’t wait to go home.
19. lie
（1）用作不及物动词
(1) 意为“躺，平躺”，其现在分词形式为：lying.
e.g. He is lying on the bed.
(2) 意为“说谎”
e.g. Don’t lie to me!
(3) 意为“位于”，常与表示方位的短语连用
e.g. Japan lies to the east of China.
（2）用作可数名词，意为“谎言，谎话”
词组：tell a lie/ lies 说谎
20. go for
go for sth 意为“从事（活动/运动），去参加（活动/运动）”
go for a walk 去散步 go for a ride 去骑自行车
go for a party 去参加派对 go for a dinner 去赴宴
21. be fit for
be fit for意为“适合”，fit形容词，意为“适合的，恰当的”
词组：be fit for sth. /sb. 适合某事/某人
be fit to do sth. 适宜做某事
e.g. I don’t know if I am fit for the job.
Long fingers are fit for playing the piano.
22. any other
any other+单数名词，意为“任何其他…” = any of the other+复数名词
指同一范围内（除了某人或某物以外的）其他人或事物
e.g. He runs faster than any other student/ any of the other students/ the others/ the other students/ anyone else in his class.
【注意】
（1）any意为“任意的”，后面通常跟单数可数名词或不可数名词。
（2）当比较的双方不在同一范围或不属于同一类别时，常用“any+单数名词”形式。
e.g. Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.
The boy is fatter than any girl in his class.
23. include
include及物动词，意为“包括，包含”
e.g. This book includes different parts.
【拓展】including介词，意为“包含，包括”，后跟名词/ 代词/ v-ing形式
e.g. There are three classes in the morning，including Chinese，maths and English.
24. have to
have to 意为“不得不”
词组：have to do sth 意为“不得不做某事”
e.g. He has to go shopping today.
25. comfortable
comfortable意为“舒适的，舒服的”，反义词：uncomfortable
e.g. The shoes are very comfortable to wear.
26. lovely
lovely形容词，意为“可爱的；美丽的；极好的”，一般用来形容女人和小孩
e.g. She is a lovely girl.
27. smooth
smooth 形容词，意为“光滑的，平坦的”，副词：smoothly
e.g. She has smooth hair.
28. dark
（1）形容词，意为“深色的”，反义词：light
e.g. dark blue 深蓝色
（2）形容词，意为“昏暗的，黑暗的”，反义词：bright
e.g. The room is dark.
（3）名词，意为“黑暗”
e.g. live in dark 在黑暗中生活
29. 形容词的排列顺序：
多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序是固定的
其顺序为：
1 冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词 +2.序数词+基数词 +3一般性描绘形容词 +4 大小、长短、形状 +5年龄、新旧 +6颜色 +7国籍、出处 +8材料 +9用途、类别 +10最终修饰的名词或动名词。
【注意】其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如：both?my?hands、all?half?his?income等。
“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful，bad，cold，great等。
“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。
表示“形状”的词如：round，square等。
“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。
“材料”的词如：wooden，woolen，stone,silk等。
“作用类别”的词如：medical，college，writing?desk，police?car等。
【口诀】“限定描绘大长高，?形状年龄和新老；???
颜色国籍跟材料，?作用类别往后靠”
e.g. two?beautiful?new?green?silk?evening?dress?
Project 2句子：
1. I’m thinking about what to wear.
what to wear意为“穿什么”，是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作thinking about的宾语。
该结构常放在ask，decide，forget，know，learn，show，teach，tell等动词后作宾语。
e.g. He doesn’t know which to choose. = He doesn’t know which he should choose.
2. It’s too large for me.
be too + adj + for sb. 意为“对于某人来说过于...”
e.g. It’s too easy for me to clean the house.
【拓展】be too + adj + to do sth. 意为“太......以致不能做某事”
e.g. He is too young to go to school.
3. That’s all for today’s show.
（1）That’s all for... 意为“...就这些了，...到此结束”，表示话说完了或某事到此结束。
e.g. That’s all for our party. 我们的聚会到此结束
That’s all for the class. 课程到此结束
（2）today’s 意为“今天的”，是名词所有格形式。在today后加’s构成的。
【拓展】表示时间、自然现象、距离、国家、城市的名词，在后面加’s，表示“......的”。
e.g. yesterday’s newspaper an hour’s walk
Beijing’s food 20 minutes’ walk
4. Today we are going to show you different styles of clothes.
be going to是“一般将来时”的一种表现形式，表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，意为“打算，将要”。 be根据主语的人称变化成“is, am, are”的形式。
“to”是“不定式符号”，其后要跟动词原形。
be going to do sth相当于：plan to do sth.“打算做某事；计划做某事”
e.g. I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.
= I plan to buy something tomorrow morning.
5. Here comes Simon.
把地点状语here、there等放在句首强调时，我们常用倒装结构
（1）当主语是指人或物的名词时，用全部倒装。
e.g. Here comes the bus.
（2）当主语是人称代词时，应用部分倒装。
e.g. Here we are.
6. What do you think of...?
意为“你认为······怎么样？”，= How do you like/ find...? 用来询问对方对某事的看法。
e.g. What do you think of the fashion show?
= How do you like/ find the fashion show?
7. You look great in your purple shirt.
固定句型：sb look(s) + adj + in +衣服/颜色 意为” 某人穿… 看起来..”
= 衣服 + look(s) + adj + on sb 衣服穿在某人身上看起来…
e.g. Sandy looks beautiful in a red dress.
= A red dress looks beautiful on Sandy
8. How beautiful Sandy is!
感叹句的构成有两种：
（1） How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语
（2） What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + 主语 + 谓语
e.g. How clever the girl is!
= What a clever girl she is!
Ⅱ. Grammar
现在进行时
定义：
（1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
e.g. I am wearing sports clothes and a pair of trainers.
（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作。
e.g. I am writing an English story these days.
Importance 1:
现在进行时的构成：
结构：现在进行时由be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing 形式构成的。
具体句型结构：
句型 结构 e.g.
肯定句 主语+be+现在分词+其他 I am writing a letter now.
否定句 主语+be+not+现在分词+其他. I am not writing a letter now.
一般疑问句 Be+主语+现在分词+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not. Are you writing a letter now? 肯定回答：Yes，I am. 否定回答：No，I am not.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be+主语+现在分词+其他? What are you doing now?
Importance 2:
现在分词变化规则：
规则 e.g.
一般情况，直接+ing fall—falling，work—working
以不发音字母e结尾的单词，去e再+ing have—having
以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y+ing lie—lying，tie—tying
以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写词尾字母+ing put—putting，sit—sitting
Importance 3:
现在进行时的基本用法：
（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作
常和now连用，有时用一个动词如look、listen来表示“现在”这一时间 (?http:?/??/?www.chinaenglish.com.cn?/?html?/?c189?/?2009-10?/?35705.html" \o "时间_中国英语网" \t "_blank?)概念。
Look！A train is coming.
Listen！He is playing the piano.
（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
常和at present、this week、these days等时间状语连用。
What lesson are you studying this week？
（3）现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作
即可以用现在进行时表示将来，一般与表示将来的时间状语连用，仅限于少量动词。
如：go（去）、come（来）、leave（离开）、arrive（到达）、 return（返回）、
sleep（睡觉）、start（开始）等
Are you going to Shanghai tomorrow？
How many girls are coming to the party next week？
（4） be going to+动词原形
表示即将发生的事或打算/ 准备做的事。
she isn't going to attend（参加）the meeting.
【注意】如果没有表示将来时间的状语，此类句子就可能指现在或现阶段的动作。
Where are you going next week？下周你计划去哪儿？
Where are you going？你现在去哪儿？
（5）有些动词不可用于现在进行时
A. 表示拥有的动词：如 have，own
B. 感官动词和部分连系动词（feel和get除外）
C. 表示“希望”的动词，如want，wish，hope，need
D. 表示“喜欢”或“讨厌”的动词，如like，love，enjoy，dislike，hate
【注意】一般现在时和现在进行时的区别：
（1）一般现在时表示经常性的动作，而现在进行时表示暂时性的动作。
He walks to work.（习惯、经常性的动作）
He's walking to work because his bike is being repaired.（只是暂时的情况）
Where does he live？他家住哪儿？（询问一般的情况）
Where is he living？他这几天住哪儿？（询问暂时一段时间的情况）
（2）有时可用现在进行时来代替一般现在时
表达说话人的某种感惰，使句子有强烈的感彩，常与always，forever连用。
You are always forgetting the important thing.（表达出不满的情绪）
反馈练习
一、填空题
1. At Spring Festival, each of the children in the class_______ (have) red pockets.
2. The mother buys two_______(围巾)for her twin daughters.
3. Look! The boys_____ __(put)up lights in the Christmas tree.
4. It’s ten o’clock in the morning and you’re still in bed. How l_________ you are!
5. Trainers are light and c __________ , so I like them very much.
二、选择题
1. -- How do you like my clothes today?
-- Very good. The red coat ________black trousers.
A. goes well with B. goes on with C. goes along with D. go well with
2. -- What are your new boots like?
-- It’s a pair of _________.
A. white long leather boots B. white leather long boots
C. long white leather boots D. leather long white boots
3. There is no difference between the the two sweaters, so I really don’t know _______.
A. which choose one B. which to choose one
C. to choose which one D. which one to choose
4. --Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made _______?
-- Cotton, and it is made_______Wuhan.
A. from; in B. of; in C. from; on D. of; on
5. He wants to buy__ __ for his birthday cake.
A. three another candles B. another three candle
C. more three candles D. three more can
三、写作
用英文介绍各种服装设计
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