中考专区二轮专题之---------复合句（59张PPT）

复合句


内容索引

真题体验
要点精析
提升演练

(一)宾语从句
真题体验
要点精析
提升演练


(二)状语从句
真题体验
要点精析
提升演练


(三)定语从句

中考对宾语从句考查的重点是连接词、时态和语序。
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(一)宾语从句
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真题体验



根据句意完成句子
1.When you had your job, You didn't have time to write down you
were thinking about.(2017·湖州)
2.Nobody knows it will finish its journey.It might be longer than
expected.(2017·杭州)
3.The manager asked he could find the cause of the accident.
(2016·温州)
what
when
whether/if

真题体验
答案

4. Before you start reading, ask yourself you are reading this book.
Most people read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge.
(2018·南京)
5. You do not win respect by showing you are, but what you're able
to do. (2018·无锡)
why
who
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答案
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要点精析


在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有：that, if, whether, what, which, who, whom, when, where, how, why等。
1.宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，在口语中that常被省略。宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether来引导。 if, whether意为“是否”，whether还可以与or not连用。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。
示例：I know (that) you are a student.我知道你是学生。
Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的奶奶是否喜欢这个手提袋。


要点精析
He didn't tell me where he was going.他没告诉我他想去哪儿。
Can you tell me what he said just now？你能告诉我他刚才说了什么吗？
2.宾语从句的语序
陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变；一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。
示例：She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”她说：“我会在桌上留口信的。”
She said that she would leave a message on the desk.她说她会在桌上留口信的。
“Where are the tickets？” I asked him.我问他：“票在哪儿？”
I asked him where the tickets were.我问他票在哪儿。
3.宾语从句的时态
如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，可以根据实际表达的需要来确定；如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应与主句保持一致，用过去的某种时态；如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。
示例：Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？你能告诉我他在会上说了什么吗？
He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.他会告诉我们他已经能够照顾他自己。
Tell him when we will finish our work.告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。
He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.他说他1996年出生于温州。
They said that they had already seen the film.他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。
Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year.大家都知道一年有365天。
She said that two heads are better than one.她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。
He said that the sun rises in the east.她说太阳从东边升起。
4.宾语从句的否定转移
当主句的主语是第一人称I或we，且谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等时，宾语从句的否定式常常转移到主句上，即“否定前移”； 如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移；这种否定转移的宾语从句变为反意疑问句时，疑问部分的主语、谓语要与从句保持一致。
示例：I don't think he can speak English.我认为他不会讲英语。
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。
I don't think he is right, is he？我认为他不对，是吗？
5.宾语从句的简化
当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时，从句可简化为不定式结构；当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构；当宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致，且主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。
示例：I hope that I can see you again.＝I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。
I don't know what I should say.＝I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。
Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.＝Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。
Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？
[特别提醒]　宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：
直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后
第一人称 与主句的主语一致
第二人称 与主句的宾语一致
第三人称 不变

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I.根据句意或所给单词的正确形式填空
1.－I wonder Jane gets on so well with her classmates.
－Because she always cares much about others.
2.—Do you know people eat zongzi in tradition in China, Li Ping?
—Usually during the Dragon Boat Festival.
3.Our geography teacher told us that the earth (go) around the sun.
4.I don't think the watch (mend) well in two days.
5.I will take back what I (say)．
6.I wanted to know if he (give) us a talk the next day.
答案
why
when
goes
will be mended
said
would give

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7.She said that she (go) fishing last Sunday.
8.She told me that they (talk) about a new book at this time
yesterday.
9.I'm sure everything (go) well.
10.I hear that Tom (be) here for a week.
11.He said that he (finish) his work already.
12.They thought they (can hike) to the top of the mountain.
答案
went
were talking
goes
has been
had finished
could hike

1.—Chris wants to know (是否我们会玩)
“truth or dare(真心话大冒险游戏)” at your birthday party.
—Yes.But if he doesn't like it, we'll play guessing games instead.
2.—Could you tell me (人们如何庆祝) the Dragon
Boat Festival in China?
—Sure.People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.
3.—Could you tell me (他说了什么) at the meeting?
—Sorry, I didn't go to the meeting.
答案
II.根据中文提示完成句子
if/whether we will play
how people celebrate
what he said

4.—Excuse me.Could you tell me (首班公交车
什么时候到) there?
—Sure.
5.我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。
I wonder meet tomorrow.
6.我认为明天不会下雨。
________________________________
答案
when the first bus arrives
where we will
I don't think it will rain tomorrow.

1.I think this is a good idea.(改为否定句)
I this a good idea.
2.I wonder how I can go there.(改为简单句)
I wonder go there.
3.I saw that he was playing computer games.(改为简单句)
I saw computer games.
4.Mr.Jiang advised us which we should choose as our after－school
activities.(改为简单句)
Mr.Jiang advised us which as our after－school activities.
答案
III.按改写要求完成句子
don't
think
is
how
to
him
playing
to
choose
5.“Why does Jim send flowers to Ms.Grey every September？” he
wondered.(改为宾语从句)
He wondered why flowers to Ms.Grey every September.
6.“Have you finished your homework yet？” Mr.Zhao asked Betty.(改
为宾语从句)
Mr.Zhao asked Betty _____
homework yet.

Jim
sent
if/whether
she
had
finished
her
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答案

中考主要考查时间、原因、条件、比较、结果和让步状语从句的基本用法，尤其应注意当主句为一般将来时时，时间和条件状语从句用一般现在时。
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(二)状语从句
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真题体验



I.根据句意完成句子
1.I was told that my speech was so successful I was the right person
to be class president.(2017·金华)
2.I was frightened that I ran fast.(2018·宁波)
3.I haven't written till now.I've been busy with the course and making
new friends I got here.(2017·丽水)
4.When you are in your school dining hall during lunchtime, you may
feel lonely you can find someone to have lunch with.(2018·临沂)
5.Many people like pandas they are cute.(2018·北京)
答案
that
so
since
unless
because

真题体验

6.—Can students go online during lessons?
—They can it is for that lesson.(2018·江西)
7.My grandfather does Chinese Kung Fu every day he
is over eighty.(2018·郴州)
8.—Excuse me.Is it my turn now?
—Not yet.Please wait outside your name is called.(2018·恩施)
答案
if
though/al though
until

1.But during a recent spring, I was working in the garden, my 13－
year－old son, Josiah noticed me.(2018·嘉兴)
A.so B.if
C.while D.unless
答案
II.完形填空
C

2.We made it to the location the other groups did.We all felt very
proud of ourselves.(2018· 杭州)
A.till B.after
C.when D.before
答案
D

3. he came up to the top of the water, the point of the board was
headed toward his eye.(2018·绍兴)
A.If B.When
C.Unless D.Though
答案
B

4.“If I give you work, what pay do you want？” “ I can get bread
for my family, sir.” he answered.(2018·金华)
A.As long as B.As soon as
C.Even if D.Ever since
D
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答案
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要点精析


1.时间状语从句
表示主句动作发生的时间。引导这种从句的词有连词when, before, after, as, while, till, until, since等；起连接作用的短语as soon as等。在时间状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时或祈使句表示将来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。
示例：I'll let you know as soon as she comes.
她一来，我就会让你知道。
Jane didn't go to bed until she finished her homework.
简直到完成作业后才睡觉。


要点精析
2.原因状语从句
用来说明原因。引导这种从句的词有连词because, since, as等。这三个词的语气由because到as逐渐减弱；because 回答why提出的问题。
示例：I won't go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我不会跟你去，因为现在我正忙着做作业。
As the weather was fine, we decided to play football.天气很好，我们决定去踢足球。
3.条件状语从句
常用连词if, unless, as long as等引导。它们引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时或祈使句表示将来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。
示例：Will you come if he comes here？如果他来，你会来吗？
Let's go for a walk unless you are too tired.
如果你不太累，我们去散步吧。
4.让步状语从句
用从属连词though, although引导。注：though/although与but在句中不能同时出现。
示例：We had to go on walking though we were really tired.尽管很累了，但是我们还得继续走。
Although he is not rich, he lives happily.尽管他不富有，但是他生活得很幸福。
5.目的状语从句
表示主句的动作发生的目的，这种从句用连词so that, in order that等引导。so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中常常要用情态动词may, might, can, could, will, would或should等。
示例：Please speak loudly so that everyone can hear you.请大声说，以便每个人听见你说的话。
He got up very early this morning in order that he could catch the first bus.为了能赶上第一班公交车，他早上起得很早。
6.结果状语从句
表示主句的动作所引起的结果，这种从句由such...that, so...that, so that等引导。such修饰名词；而so修饰形容词或副词。so...that...句型的否定形式可用简单句too...to...或not...enough to代替。
示例：The film isn't so interesting that nobody likes it.这部电影不是那么有趣，没人喜欢它。
It was such a cold day that nobody wanted to go out.天气那么冷，没人想出去。

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I.根据句意完成句子
1.The man was so happy he ran to draw water.
2.Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own, _______________
he is only four years old.
3.—What was the party like?
—Wonderful.It's years I enjoyed myself so much.
4.You can't swim in the river it's dangerous.
5.I think you should complain, ， of course, you are happy with
the situation.
答案
that
though/although
since
because
unless

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6.Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not
managed carefully.
7.—Where was your dad at this time last night?
—He was talking with my uncle I was looking for some
information on the Internet.
8.Julie didn't leave her office the police arrived.
9.—It has been much easier for me to go to work shared bikes
appeared.
—But they also caused plenty of problems.
答案
if
while
until
since

10.—Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the nearest underground
station?
—Walk straight on you see a white building.It's right there.
答案
until

1.如果你足够细心，就不会犯简单的错误。
You won't any simple mistakes you careful enough.
2.不论发生任何事，我都不会改变心意。
happens, I won't change my mind.
3.你讲得太快了，我听不懂，能再说一次吗？
You spoke fast I couldn't understand you.Would you say
it again?
答案
II.根据中文提示或改写要求完成句子
make
if
are
Whatever
so
that

4.今天下午历史考试一结束，我们就去看电影。
We to the cinema the history test over this
afternoon.
5.Dave's father went to bed after he came back home last night.
(改为同义句)
Dave's father go to bed he came back home last night.
6.Keep working hard, and you will achieve success.(保持句意不变)
keep working hard, you will achieve success.
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答案
will go
as soon as
is
didn't
until
If you

中考主要考查由that, which, who引导的限制性定语从句。
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(三)定语从句
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真题体验



根据句意完成句子
1.Many more people could afford the books were produced
on a printing press.(2018·杭州)
2.The windows and doors of her house come from old buildings around
her town were pulled down.(2018·枣庄)
3.You are talented young adults are full of hope for the future.
(2018·滨州)
which/that
which/that
who

真题体验
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答案
要点精析


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1.关系代词
(1)当关系代词充当动词的宾语时可省略；当关系代词充当介词的宾语且介词不在关系代词之前的，关系代词也可省略。
示例：The person (that/who/whom) you just spoke to is Mr.Li.刚刚跟你说话的人是李先生。
(2)定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。
示例：The girl who is standing there is my sister.站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。


要点精析
(3)that指人或物，在从句中可作主语或宾语，但不能放在介词后作介词的宾语。
示例：I love movies that are funny.我喜欢滑稽的电影。
Who is the man that is reading the book over there？在那边看书的男人是谁？
(4)who指人，在从句中可作主语或宾语。
示例：I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢自己创作乐曲的歌手。
(5)whose指人或物，在从句中作定语。
示例：Do you know the girl whose father is a teacher？你认识那位女孩吗？她的父亲是位老师。
(6)which指物，在从句中可作主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语，只能指无生命的物品。关系代词which在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面；但含有介词的短语动词的固定部分不可拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。
示例：The story (which) he told me was very interesting.他讲的故事很有趣。
This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year.这是我们去年住的房间。
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.护士们照顾着的婴儿们很健康。
(7)当先行词是all, any, few, something, much, little, the one, anything, everything, nothing等代词或被它们修饰时；当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；先行词中既有人又有物时，只能用that引导的定语从句。
示例：Is there anything that I can do for you？有我可以帮你做的事吗？
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the book store.那是书店里卖出去的最有趣的书之一。
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我们被我们所参观的学校和老师们深深感动了。
(8)当先行词为all, any或其合成词或a few，且指人时；先行词为that, this, those或these，且指人时，只能用who引导的定语从句。
示例：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。
Those who hadn't bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着火车票的人拥挤在候车厅里。
2.关系副词
when表示时间；where表示地点；why表示原因。
示例：October 1, 1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded.1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
This is the hotel where we stayed last year.这是我们去年住过的旅馆。
The reason why I'm writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday.我写信给你的原因是想告诉你关于周六聚会的事。
[特别提醒]　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要充当句子成分。

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根据句意完成句子
1.—Who won the first prize in English speech contest?
—The prize went to the girl speech was the most natural and
fluent.
2.—Which song do you like better，Maria?
—I prefer the song Manual of Youth is sung by TFBOYS.
3.I will never forget the day we spent in the old town with
small houses.
4.Being blind is something most people can't imagine.　
答案
whose
that/which
that/which
that

提升演练

5.To be a better man is the best soap opera I have ever seen.
6.You are talented young adults are full of hope for the future.
7.The stories were written by Mark Twain are often
humorous.
8.—Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends.
—Yes.It seems to be the best way of communication people like.
9.In China, those were born in the Year of Sheep are said to be
creative and sensitive.
10.We're talking about the piano and the pianist were in the
concert we attended last night.
答案
that
that/who
that/which
that
who
that

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句法知识框图