2019年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：There be句型

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There be 句型



_____________
授 课 人










3、there be 与 have /has的区别





8、there be的其它结构



4、there be的各种时态结构




5、there be结构的句型转换



6、there be的反义疑问句

1、 意义和结构


7、含有情态动词的there be 结构

9、There be 附加成分


复 习 大 纲

2、 就近原则





There is a picture on the wall.
There is a cat behind the chair.
There are many books on the desk.
There are many people in the hall.


There +is /are…+ 某物 /人+ 某地。
某地有某物或某人
“有,存在”

Lead-in
Translate the sentences into Chinese.
Presentation
There be 句型及其考点
?
“There be”是英语中最常见的又是非常重要的句型，不管在口语中还是在书面语中，there be 句型的使用频率是很高的。仔细分析近几年的中考试题，几乎每年都以不同形式、从不同角度考查该句型的运用。因此,很有必要对此进行认真的分析和总结, 从而达到熟练掌握和运用这一句型的目的。
?下面我就带领大家具体、详细地浏览一下。
Ⅰ. 意义和结构
意义：表示“某地存在某物”。
句型：There + be + 主语 + 地点状语。
【注】
（1）There是虚词,起引导作用,在句中无实际意思，
不重读。
（2）be动词应和后面的主语在数上保持一致（主谓一致）。
① 如果主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be
动词就用is.
② 如果句子的主语是复数名词时，be动词就用are。
There is a dog in the room.
There are two dogs in the room.
Look and say
③ 作主语的名词一般是泛指而不是特指,故不能是以
this,that,these,those及the开头的短语；人称代词和
专有名词。应该是不定冠词、基数词或 some, any,
no, many, much, a few, a little, another, enough等
非特指的词汇。
④ 地点状语由介词短语表示。
【注】
Ⅰ. 意义和结构
There be 结构的主语是be动词后面的名词，
如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，be动词
要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。


















































































































Ⅱ. 就近原则
There is a ship and two seagulls.
There are two seagulls and a ship.
Look and say
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
There are some books and a pen on the desk.
Look and say
用be的适当形式填空。
1. There ______a map on the wall.
2. There ______many things on her desk.
3. There ______twenty yuan in my purse.
4. There _____ a big dog and a small cat near
the table.
5. There ______two bikes under the tree.
6. There ____a pen, two pencils and an eraser
in the pencil-box.



Exercises
is
are
are
is
are
is
there be 表示“某处(某时)有某物”,强调某地
存在某物。
have /has 表示“某人或某物拥有某物”,强调主
语和宾语的所属关系。

There is a new bike, but I have no enough money to buy it.
Ⅲ. there be 与 have /has的区别
二者都表示汉语中的“有”。但是在用法上有区别:
有时There be 结构与have/has句型可以相互替代，但必须满足两个条件：
（一）主语必须是表示单位、组织或地方的名
词。
① There are 50 students in our class.
= Our class has 50 students .
② There are many new factories in Beijing.
= Beijing has many new factories .
【注意】
（二）主语和宾语必须是领属关系。
① There are seven days in a week .
= A week has seven days .
② There are some apples on the tree .
= The tree has some apples on it .
【注】
用 have/has 替代时可在句末加上一个表示
地点的介词短语。
Ⅳ. There be的常用时态结构


1
There is/are ... +地点.


2
There was/were ... +地点 .


3
There is/are going to /will +be ... +地点.


4
There have/has been...+地点.
根据时间状语变换be的时态：
















以不变
应万变
(一般将来时)
(一般过去时)
(现在完成时)
(一般现在时)
1. Most Saturday evenings there ____ (be) a party,
even at harvest time .
2. ______ (be) there any telephone messages for me
while I was away ?
3. There _______ (be) a meeting in Room 21 at three
o’clock tomorrow afternoon .
4. There _________ (be) great changes in our hometown
in the last few years .
Exercises:
are
Were
will be
have been


1
There isn’t/aren’t... +地点


2
There wasn’t/weren’t ... +地点


3
There isn’t going to /won’t +be ...+地点


4
There +情态动词+not+be ... +地点


5
There +didn’t use to +be... +地点
(一) there be 变否定句：
Ⅴ. There be结构的句型转换
There is a book and two pens on the desk.
There is not a book or two pens on the desk.

There is some water in the bottle.
There isn’t any water in the bottle.

注意：肯定句中的some变any, and 变or。
Exercises
把下列句子变为否定句：


1
Is/are there... +地点?


2
Was/were there ... +地点?


3
Is /will there going to be ... +地点?


4
情态动词+ there be... +地点?


5
Did there use to be ... +地点?
(二) there be 变一般疑问句：
Ⅴ. There be结构的句型转换
There is a radio on the desk.
Is there a radio on the desk ?
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
There are some shoes under the bed.
Are there any shoes under the bed?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
There will be some cars in the future .
Will there be any cars in the future ?
Yes, there will. / No, there won’t.
Exercises
把下列句子变为一般疑问句：
(三) there be 变特殊疑问句：
Ⅴ. There be结构的句型转换


1
就There be后面的主语进行提问，
指物用“What’s ( there ) … ”
指人用“Who’s ( there ) … ”
（1）There are some bikes in the room
→ What’s (there) in the room?

（2）There is a boy in the house.
→ Who’s (there) in the house?
① 其中there在口语中经常省略。
② 无论是原句的主语是单数还是复数，提问
时动词be均用单数。
注意：
（1）There is a car under the tree.
→Where is the car?
It’s under the tree.
（2）There are three apples on the plate.
→ Where are the three apples?
They’re on the plate.
(三) there be 变特殊疑问句：
Ⅴ. There be结构的句型转换


2
对there be后面的地点状语进行提问，
用“Where is / are+主语”表示，如：
注意其答语变化。
(三) there be 变特殊疑问句：
Ⅴ. There be结构的句型转换


3
对there be后面主语的数量进行提问.
1）如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，均用
“How many+复数名词+are there+地点介词短语”表示；
2）如果主语是不可数名词，则用“How much + 不可名词
+is there+地点介词短语”表示。
There are three bikes in the house.
→How many bikes are there in the house?
There is a boy in the room.
→How many boys are there in the room?
There is a little water in the bottle.
→ How much water is there in the bottle?
一、就There be后面的主语进行提问：
1）对人提问用：who’s,
2）对事物提问用：what’s，
注：be动词一律用单数is
二、对地点提问用where；
三、对数量提问
1）可数名词用：
how many+名词复数+are there…？
2）不可数名词用：
how much+不可数名词+ is there…？
there be 句型变特殊疑问句：
Summary
There be句型有特点，主语跟在be后边。
单数主语用is，复数用are记心间，
多个主语并列时，be随身边主语变。
变否定，很简单，be后要把not添。
变问句也不难，把be提到there前。
肯定句中用 some，否定疑问any 换。
记忆口诀
Summary
1. - There is a cup on the table, _________?
- No, there isn’t.
2. - There will be a new hospital nearby, ___________?
- Yes , there will.
isn't there
won’t there
Ⅵ. there be的反义疑问句
1）主语永远/总是用there。??
2）若be没有其他情态动词或（半）助动词修饰，
就用be的适当形式；若be有其他情态动词或
（半）助动词修饰，就用该情态动词或（半）
助动词的适当形式。 例如：
4. There will not be any trouble, __________?

3. There is nothing wrong with your watch ,
________?
1. There used to be a shop at the end of the
road , ?
2. There was an English party , ?

didn’t there
wasn’t there
is there
will there
Exercises




VII.含有情态动词的 there be 结构
结构
我们也可以根据表达的需要, 在There与be之间用上恰当的情态动词can, may, must, should等。
There + 情态动词 + be ... + 地点 。
1
There may be ... + 地点. (可能有?)


2
There must be ... +地点. （肯定有）


3
There can't be ... +地点. （一定没有）


4
There ought to be...+地点.（理应有）
① 我的表可能有毛病。
There may be something wrong with my watch .
②一定是搞错了。
There must be some mistakes .
③ 井里不可能有水。
There can’t be water in the well .
④ 这周理应该有一场考试。
There ought to be an exam this week .
Translate the sentences into English.
Exercises


1
There seem to be ... +地点（似乎有）


3
There used to be ... +地点（曾经有）


4
There happen to be ... +地点（碰巧有）
Ⅷ. there be的其它句型


2
There appear to be ... +地点（似乎有）
There be 句型中be 前面可用一些半助动词，如：seem/appear to(似乎),used to (曾经有)，happen to (恰巧）, are expected to（被期望），be about to (就要), be certain to (一定会), be likely to (可能), had better (最好)等。
你的自行车好像有毛病。
There seems to be something wrong with your bike .
似乎有一起严重的事故。
There appears to have been a serious accident．
这个地区过去曾有一条河。
There used to be a river in the area .
房间里碰巧没人。
There happened to be nobody in the room .
Exercises
Translate the sentences into English.
IX. 其它动词的句型
在There be 句型中,除be之外,某些表示存在概念的
不及物动词也可以用于这种句型,这些动词主要有: come(来 )，develop (产生 )，exist (存 在)，fall(落下 )，
follow (跟随 )，happen (发生 )，lie (躺着 )，live(住着 ) occur (发生)，remain(还有)，rise(升起 )，stand (站着)，rush(冲进)等。这些动词可以有时态变化 ，及物动词还可以有语态变化。 eg:
1. 我家门前矗立着一棵大树。
There stands a big tree in front of my house.
2. 从前，在海边住着一个老渔夫。
Once there lived an old fishman by the sea.
3. 南边有一条河。
There lies a river to the south
4. 然后门口传来了敲门声。
Then there came a knock at the door.
5. 然而 ，还有很多的不确定性 。
However，there remain too many uncertainties .
6. 紧接着 一阵沉默。
There followed a moment of silence．
Exercises
Translate the sentences into English.


1
There + be +主语 + 状语（地点、时间）.
一般都带有地点状语或时间状语。在上下文清楚的情况下，也可不带。
There were about 100 000 tigers in Asia in 1900 .
There is only a table in the room .
There are 12 months in a year .
X. There be 附加成分


2
There + be + 主语 + 定语从句 。
① Time and time again there are serious accidents
that pollute the air .
= Time and time again serious accidents pollute the
air .
② There is a place where we often camp .
= we often camp in a certain place .
X. There be 附加成分


3
There + be + 主语 +不定式结构 。
① When trees are cut down , there is nothing to hold
the soil in place .
= When trees are cut down , there is nothing that can
hold the soil in place .
② There are always new things to be discovered .
= There are always new things that are to be
discovered .
X. There be 附加成分


4
there + be + 主语 + V-ing 结构 。
There will be more robots working in the factoty.
= There will be more robots that are working in the
factoty.
There are some birds singing in the tree.
= There are some birds that are singingin the tree .
There is a purse lying on the ground.
= There is a purse that is lying on the ground.
X. There be 附加成分


5
there + be + 主语 + V-ed 结构 。
There is a very important Chinese deer called the
milu deer .
= There is a very important Chinese deer that is called
the milu deer .
There are five minutes left now.
= There are five minutes that are left now.
X. There be 附加成分
1. There are a few novels ___ in English on the shelf .
A. written B. to write C. writing D. write
2. There are many kinds of fish ____ in the sea .
A. live B. lived C. living D. to live
3. There is nothing more ____ about the matter .
A. to say B. said C. saying D. Says
4. There ____ a tall building in front of our school .
A. built B. set up C. lives D. stands
Exercises
A
C
A
D

1. V-ing分词在"there be no"结构中作主语，表示"不可能"、
"无法"。例如：?
There is no joking about such matters．?
There is no telling what will happen to him next．?
2. there is no point ＋V-ing分词，表示"没有必要"，"无用"，
"没有意义"，"没有用处"。例如：?
There is no point spending time arguing with him.?
3. there is no use ＋V-ing分词,表示"无用"，"没有意义"，"没
有用处"。例如：?
There is no use advising him to give up smoking．?
4. there is no good ＋V-ing分词,表示"无用"，"没有意义"，"
没有用处"，"没有益处"。例如：?
There is no good making friends with the dishonest men.
XI. "there be no ＋主语名词"的习惯用法
假设一位来自美国的交流生来到你班，请你根
据下列提示，向他介绍一下开发区(Qingdao
Economic and Technological Development Zone )。
1. 开发区是一个美丽的大花园。
2. 这里有许多高的建筑物,街道宽敞(wide),路
的两边有许多树和花。有亚洲最大的海滩---
金沙滩(Golden beach )。
3. 有一个很大的海港(harbor ),还有许多跨国
公司(international firm )。
4. 这里还将有一条跨海大桥(sea bridge )。

Making a composition

Homework
Write a composition : How to find the post office.
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