2019中考英语知识讲与练导学案--简单句

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2019中考英语知识讲与练导学案--简单句
It is more than three years since began to study English.At first,I found it quite difficult .I couldn`t pronounce well,spell the words correctly,or remember the rules of grammar.With the help of my teachers and classmates,I had made much progress.Now I`m going well with my English. Three years study has taught me that one can`t study English well without hard work.We must do more listening and speaking,both in and out of class,and do more reading and writing as well.That is “Practice makes perfect”.

讲义纲要：1、本讲课程主要涉及祈使句和感叹句的相关知识及考点；
2、教学任务：掌握初中阶段祈使句和感叹句的考点知识。
知识概况：1、祈使句的含义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 祈使句对象（主语）是第二人称。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用感 叹号或句号来表示结束。
2、
知识站点：
初中英语知识考点一览表
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
句子结构 时态 语态 名词 冠词 代词 形副 介词 数词 连词 非谓语动词 情态动词 宾语从句 定语从句 简单句 情景交际
知识精讲：
一、祈使句
祈使句的含义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 祈使句对象（主语）是第二人称。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用感 叹号或句号来表示结束。
祈使句的用法

分类 肯定祈使句 否定祈使句
Do型动词原形+其他成分 Please have a seat here Don’t open your eyes
请这边坐。 不要睁开你的眼睛!
Go this way. Don’t stand up!
这边走。 别站起来！
Be型 Be动词+其他成分 Be careful! 认真一些！ Don’t be silly!别傻了


二、
高频考向二　感叹句
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如

（一）What: 在使用过程中，常用的句型有：
1．What + a / an +adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他成分！
例如: What a strong boy he is!?? 　? 他是多么壮的一个小伙子啊！
????? What an honest girl Mary is!　　玛丽是一个多么诚实的小女孩啊！
2．What +adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其他成分！
例如: What brave soldiers they are!　　 这些士兵们真勇敢啊！
??????What fine weather it is today!???? 今天的天气真不错啊！
3．What +adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！
例如: What good news (it is)!

（二）How:在使用过程中，常用的句型有：
1．How + adj.+ a / an +名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！
例如: How exciting a football match it is!? 多么振奋人心的一场球赛啊！
??????How kind an old man he is!???? 他是一位多么善良的老人啊！
2．How + adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语+其他成分！
例如: How tall Yao Ming is!??? 姚明真高啊！
??????How fast the dragonfly flies!?? 蜻蜓飞得真快啊！
3．How + 主语+谓语！
例如： How time flies!

（3）一些特殊形式
1.在陈述句、祈使句、或疑问句句尾加感叹号变成感叹句，表示某种强烈的感情！
He eats so much!
Do read it carefully!
2.用一个词或词组表示强烈的感情的句子也是感叹句。
Great!
Wonderful!
Look out!
二、感叹句中应注意的问题
1. What在感叹句中作定语，用于修饰名词，名词前可有形容词或冠词；
How在感叹句中作状语，用于修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子。
例如：
What a foolish boy he is!
= How foolish a boy he is!
2. 感叹句中的主语、谓语通常可以省略。
例如：
What a nice girl ( she is ) !
How handsome ( he is ) !
3. What感叹句中可数名词单数前一般为不定冠词a/an，而不用the。转换成how感叹句是，该名词前一般用定冠词the，以表示特指。
例如：
What a big fish it is! = How big the fish is!
What dear meat it is! = How dear the meat is!
随堂训练：
选择题
一、祈使句
（ ）1、That knife is extremely sharp! you don't cut yourself．
A．Mind B．Minding C．To mind D．Minded

（ ）2、All of you at the school gate! We'll soon start．
A．will gather B．gather C．will be gathering D．are gathering

（ ）3． smiling and one day life will get tired of upsetting you． A．To keep B．Keeping C．Keep D．Having kept

（ ）4．Every time at the door before you enter my room，please．
A．knocked B．knocking C．knock D．to knock

（ ）5．Cindy， to be here at 8 o’clock．
A． is sure B．is sure that
C．will be sure D．be sure

二、感叹句
（ ）1．— Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. _______ the Dai people were having!
— Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun
（ ）2．— Look at the photo, Yunnan Province. the Dai people were having!
— Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun
（ ）3． ______ fine weather it is today!
A. What a B. How a C. What D. How
（ ）4．---____ enjoyable day it is！Shall we go on a picnic? ----Good idea.
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
（ ）5． water it is!
A.What a clean B.What clean C.How clean D. How clean a
（ ）6．________ fine weather today! Why not go out for a walk?
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
（ ）7． it was yesterday because of the storm!
A. What a bad weather B. What bad weather
C. How bad a weather D. How bad weather
（ ）8．一Look! That teacher is explaining something to her students again and again!
一_______teacher she is!
A. How patient B. What patient C. How a patient D. What a patient
（ ）9． _______ dangerous the animals are！
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
（ ）10．_______ great fun it is to fly in a saloon !
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
（ ）11．—I hear they took ____ active part in the school sports meeting.
—_____ good boys they are!
A.a; What a B. an; How C. an; What D. How a
（ ）12． hard Tony is working!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
（ ）13．_______ dangerous the animals are！
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
（ ）14． _____ day it is! -Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine.
A. How windy B. How wet C. What a lovely D. What a rainy
（ ）15．—_______ brave Zhang Hua is!—Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire.
A.What a B. How a C. How D. What
（ ）16． ____great progress you have made! Your mother must be satisfied with you .
A. What a B. What C.How a D. How.
（ ）17．— Look at the photo I took in Yunnan Province. ______ the Dai people were having!
— Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun
（ ）18．_____beautiful the flowers are!
A.What B.What a C.How D. .How a
（ ）19．—— Hurry up! It’s time to leave.
—— Ok, _______.
A. I’m coming B. I’ll come C. I come D.I have been coming
（ ）20．—______ city Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is！
—Yes. The 3lst Olympic Games will be held there.
A. How lively B. What busy C. How a big D. What a beautiful
（ ）21．--- nice weather it is today!
--- Yes, shall we go walking in the park this afternoon?
A .What an B. How C. What D. How an
（ ）22．________ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice
（ ）23．_______ beautiful house it is!
A．What B．How C．What a D How a
（ ）24．— Look at the photo I took in Chiang Mai, Yunnan Province. ____ the Dai people were having!
— Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun
（ ）25．_______ fine weather it is !
A. How??????????? B. How a C. What????????? D. What a
（ ）26．______ hard work you have done! -It’s ve ry kind of you to say so.
A．What B．Who C．What a D．How a
（ ）27． Don't give up, Tom. You haven't realized ______ great progress you've made!
A. what B. what a C. how D. how a
（ ）28．“ ____________ you’ve made! But you should still work harder,” the teacher said to the boy.
A. What great progress B. How a big mistake
C. What a big mistake D. How great progress
（ ）29．______ terrible world it would be if there were no electricity !
—That's why we have to save it.
A. What a B. How a C. What D. How
（ ）30．----_________ great progress you’re made ! Congratulations !
---- Thank you !
A．What B． What a C．How D. How



语音训正：
辅音?/m/ /n/ /?/的例句
1. Many hands make light work.
众人拾柴火焰高。
2. No pain, no gain.
不劳无获。
3. Nothing brave, nothing have.
不入虎穴，焉得虎子。