名词专项练习
名词辨析
1. (2018天津)Every year many foreign friends come to see the ________ of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River.
A. Concerts B. plays C. cartoons D. sights
2. (2018重庆A卷)—It's hot today. Have some ________， please.
—No, thanks. I'm not thirsty at all.
A. water B. potatoes C. bread D. cakes
3. (2018重庆B卷)It's cold today. Take your ________ with you when you go out.
A. Knife B. coat C. brush D. key
4. (2018河北)Your________ is very helpful. I guess I'll take it.
A. Secret B. advice C. promise D. purpose
5. (2018河南)—Are you going out with Jade tonight?
—That's my ________. Mind your own!
A. Offer B. business C. question D. chance
6. (2018山西)During the next few days, I decide to have a good ________ by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax.
A. Meal B. sleep C. rest
7. (2018 安徽)Cathy has such a good________ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.
A. sleep B. idea C. voice D. time
8. (2018江西)Some old people need a ________ because they feel lonely.
A. gift B. stick C. pet D. watch
9. (2018福州)—Who is the person you admire the most?
—Qian Xuesen, the Father of China's Missiles. He is the ________ of China.
A. leader B. pride C. voice
10. (2018武汉)—Look, the boss is angry with Alex.
—Well, he came late again. But that's no ________ to shout at him.
A. problem B. lesson C. excuse D. reason
11. ( 2018大连)Cambridge is famous for its ________. Many famous people studied there.
A. university B. hospital C. bank D. museum
12. (2018大连)It might be cool in the evening. You'd better take a(n)________．
A. umbrella B. sweater C. wallet D. camera
13. (2018黄冈)—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony?
—Sure. Mom will be mad if she sees this________， I think.
A. matter B. mess C. trouble D. difficulty
14. (2018滨州)—Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?
—Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ________．
A. surprise B. achievement C. education D. satisfaction
15. (2018德州)Bill will be a /an ________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2018 Olympics.
A. guest B. reporter C. tourist D. engineer
16. (2018达州)—Why did Lucy look unhappy?
—Because she was so careless that she made many spelling ________ in her homework.
A. friends B. plans C. decisions D. mistakes
17. (2018温州)When an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety ________ is to keep calm.
A. rule B. doubt C. condition D. problem
18. (2018衡阳)—The last bus has left. What should we do?
—Let's take a taxi. We have no other ________ now.
A. choice B. reason C. habit
19. (2018自贡)—How can I get some ________ about the 2018 Olympic Games?
—Why not search the Internet?
A. information B. experience C. practice
20. (2018咸宁)—Tu Youyou received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of artemisinin(青蒿素)．
—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science.
A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery
21. (2018襄阳)—Look! So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.
—They're for public. This ________ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.
A. number B. pair C. kind D. piece
22. (2018东营)—Why do people never cut up the ________ on their birthdays?
—Because they are a symbol of long life.
A. eggs B. cakes C. noodles D. dumplings
23. (2018淮安)Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the ________．
A. kitchen B. garden C. bathroom D. bedroom
24. (2018泰州)—What ________ will you get after winning the competition in the programme Stay to the end(一站到底)?
—A free trip to Bali Island.
A. award B. attention C. advice D. ability
25. (2018吉林)The ________ pollution is becoming more and more serious. We haven't seen blue skies for several days.
A. noise B. water C. air
26. (2018徐州)My cousin works for an airline. He flies planes. He is ________．
A. an inventor B. a scientist C. an explorer D. a pilot
27. (2018抚顺)Your English is really good. What's your ________？
A. secret B. service C. spirit D. science
28. (2018厦门)—The milk shake tastes good. How do you make it?
—It's easy, just follow the ________．
A. discussions B. instructions C. resolutions
29. (2018甘肃通用卷)People usually touch something with their ________．
A. eyes B. noses C. mouths D. fingers
30. (2018泉州)—The water in the glass is sweet. Did you put any ________ in it?
—Yes. I added some to it just now.
A. sugar B. salt C. oil
31. (2018葫芦岛)—Which city do you prefer to visit, Hangzhou or Shanghai?
—I've no idea. It's hard to make the ________．
A. report B. project C. decision D. speech
32. (2018 阜新)—I hear you have to get up early every morning.
—Right. It's one of the ________ in my family.
A. rules B. orders C. reasons D. experience
33. (2018齐齐哈尔)The mobile phone sells for ￥5000, it is much more than its real________．
A. cost B. value C. price
34. (2018绵阳)He was born in Germany, but he has made China his ________．
A. family B. address C. house D. home
35. (2018东营)Great ________ for football lovers—more than 50，000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025.
A. news B. message C. situation D. information
36. (2018朝阳)I think computers are very useful. They can help us get much ________ on the Internet.
A. game B. information C. exchange D. message
37. (2018青岛)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ________．
A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever
38. (2018宿迁)When the man went through the forest alone, he lost his ________ and felt afraid.
A. task B. work C. way D. job
39. (2018盐城)Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your ________， you must keep moving.
A. promise B. position C. balance D. ability
40. (2018孝感)—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.
—If you make a ________， you must keep it.
A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise
41. (2018西宁)A smart phone makes a big ________ to our life.
A. difference B. decision C. progress D. prediction
42. (2018随州)Peter didn't tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a ________．
A. note B. surprise C. call D. gift
43. (2018苏州)Steve Jobs was full of ________ — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.
A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention
44. (2018扬州)—Why not buy a second-hand flat first if you don't have enough money?
—That's a good ________．
A. saying B. question C. suggestion D. decision
45. (2018连云港)—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.
—Yes, it's a major way of ________ for them.
A. suggestion B. vacation C. production D. communication
46. (2018鄂州)—Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?
—Please follow the ________ on the cookbook.
A. direction B. attention C. introduction D. instruction
名词单复数
1. (2018宜宾)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ________ in Sichuan.
A. city B. cities C. citys
2. (2018广安)—Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?
—Of course. They are our national ________．
A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's
3. (2018昆明)Each couple in China can have two ________ from January 1st, 2018.
A. boy B. girl C. children D. child
4. ( 2018广东)The broken ________ may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be careful.
A. glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles
5. (2018南宁)These ________ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.
A. man B. men C. woman D. women
6. (2018怀化)—Mum, I'm hungry. May I have some________？
—Sure. But don't eat too much.
A. hamburgers B. milks C. cake
7. (2018来宾)—There are many ________ about this farm.
—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.
A．photo; potato B．photos; potatos C．photos; potatoes D．photoes; potatoes
8. (2018巴中)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ________ in American________．
A. symbol; culture B. symbols; cultures C. symbols; culture
9. (2018天水)There are many websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful ________ on the websites.
A. are; informations B. are; information C. is; information D. is; informations
名词所有格
1. (2018天水)It's about ________ from our school to my house.
A. 20 minutes' walk B. 20 minute's walk C. walk of 20 minutes D. 20 minutes' walks
2. (2018绥化)________ room is big and nice.
A. Kate's and Jane's B. Kate's and Jane C. Kate and Jane's
3. (2018新疆建设兵团)This is ________ bedroom. It's tidy and nice.
A. Lily's and Lucy's B. Lily and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy
4. (2018东营)—Are you sure this is a photo ________， the famous comedy actress?
—It surprised you, didn't it? But she was once really thin.
A. Jia Ling B. Jia Ling's C. of Jia Ling D. of Jia Ling's
5. (2018安顺)There'll be a ________ meeting next week, and my parents will ________ come for it.
A. parents'; all B. parents'; both C. parent's; all D. parent's; both
6. (2018河池)—There is an MP5 on the desk, whose is this?
—It can be my ________， she bought one yesterday.
A. sister B. sister's C. sisters' D. sisters
7. (2018武威)________ mothers can't go to the parents' meeting because they are too busy.
A. Jack's and Paul B. Jack's and Paul's C. Jack and Paul's D. Jack and Paul
名词作定语
1. (2018重庆A卷)It's sports time. Most________ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.
A. boy B. boys C. boy's D. boys'
2. (2018绥化)Our school has fifty-six ________ teachers.
A. woman B. women C. woman's
3. (2018贵港)—What would you like for breakfast?
—I'd like ________．
A. tomato noodle B. tomato noodles C. tomatoes noodle D. tomatoes noodles
4. (2018连云港)—Yan Jiashuo, a ________ girl, has won the prize of International Master of Memory.
—Wow, she's great, isn't she?
A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old C. ten year old D. ten years old
5. (2018哈尔滨)Xi Jinping, our ________ president, paid a visit to Harbin last month. How encouraging!
A. 63 years old B. 63 years' old C. 63-year-old
答案与解析
名词辨析
1.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年许多外国朋友来看天津的，如天津眼和海河。concerts音乐会；plays戏剧；cartoons动画片，漫画；sights风景。根据空格后面的“天津眼和海河”可知此处指风景，故选D。
6. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，我决定通过散步或者看电影好好地。我真的需要放松。meal饭；sleep睡眠；rest休息。根据I really need to relax.可知用rest；have a good rest意为“好好休息”。故选C。
10. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“看，老板在生亚历克斯的气。”“嗯，他又迟到了。但是那不是朝他大喊的。”problem问题；lesson课；excuse借口；reason原因。 根据答语的意思可知老板朝他大喊的原因不是因为他迟到了，故选D。
11. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：剑桥以它的而闻名。许多名人在那儿学习过。university大学；hospital医院；bank银行；museum博物馆。根据关键词studied及常识可知选A。
12. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上可能会冷。你最好带一件。umbrella雨伞；sweater毛衣；wallet钱包；camera相机。根据前一句描述可知此处建议带一件保暖的衣服，故选B。
16. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“为什么露西看起来不高兴？”“因为她是如此粗心以至于她在作业中犯了很多拼写。”friends朋友；plans计划；decisions决定；mistakes错误。根据“so careless”可知表示犯错，故选D。
21. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“看！那边有那么多彩色自行车排成两排。”“它们是公用的。这绿色智能交通工具在襄阳市随处可见。”number数字，号码；pair双；kind种类；piece条，块。分析语境可知此处指这种交通工具，故选C。
22. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“在过生日时，人们为什么从来不把 切断？”“因为它们是长寿的象征。”eggs鸡蛋；cakes蛋糕；noodles面条；dumplings水饺。根据常识可知，过生日吃面条意味着长寿。故选C。
27. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的英语真的很好。你的是什么？secret秘密，秘诀；service接待，服务；spirit精神，勇气，意志；science科学。根据常识可知，称赞完他人学得好，接着应该是询问“秘诀”。故选A。
32. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“我听说你每天早上都不得不早起。”“是的。那是我们家的之一。”rules规则，规矩；orders命令，指示；reasons原因；experience经验，经历。结合常识可知，“早起”作为一个家庭的“规矩”最符合。故选A。
33. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这部手机卖5000元，这比它实际的贵得多。cost花费；value价值；price价格，表示价格高用high修饰，价值大用much修饰。故选B。
37. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希量了她的体温，发现她 。cough咳嗽；toothache牙疼；cold寒冷，感冒；fever发烧，发热。根据“took her temperature”可知她发烧了，故选D。
41. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一部智能手机对我们的生活会产生很大的。difference差别，不同；decision决定；progress进步；prediction预测。根据句意可知智能手机对人们的生活产生很大的影响，make a difference“有影响；起作用”。故选A。
42. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得没有告诉父母他将要回家，因为他想给他们一个。note便条；surprise惊喜；call电话；gift礼物。give sb. a surprise“给某人一个惊喜”，故选B。
名词单复数
1.B【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：宜宾是四川最美丽的之一。“one of the ＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，city的复数是y变i加es。故选B。
6. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“妈妈，我饿了。我可以吃些吗？”“当然了。但是不要吃得太多。”hamburgers汉堡包，可数名词复数；milks，表达错误；cake蛋糕，不可数名词。由答语中的关键词“too much”可知用不可数名词。故选C。
7. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“这里有很多关于这个农场的照片。”“是的。这个农场上种了很多土豆。”根据many及lots of可知两空都用复数。正确书写形式分别是photos和potatoes，故选C。
8. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：米老鼠在美国上是最有名的之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”，表示“最……之一”，故第一空为复数symbols；且culture(文化)常用作不可数名词。故选C。
9. C【解析】考查名词单复数和主谓一致。句意：网站上有很多网页并且这里有很多有用的。information为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数is，故选C。
名词所有格
1.A【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：从我们学校到我家大约。在名词所有格当中，表示时间等无生命的名词所有格用's，如果是可数名词复数需用s'表示。该题中表示20分钟的路程，用20 minutes' walk。故选A。
7.B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：妈妈们不能去参加家长会，因为她们太忙了。A项表达有误；B项表达各自拥有的；C项表达共有的；D项不是所有格。根据空后的“mothers”以及句中的“they are...”可知表达各自的妈妈，故选B。
名词作定语
中考英语名词复习学案
考情分析
名词是各省市考试题中重要的考点之一。多数省市的中考“单项选择”题中通常含考查名词的考题。有关名词的考点主要是名词单复数形式变化；所有格的用法；可数名词与不可数名词的辨析；不可数名词的计量；名词与其他词类的习惯搭配以及在特定语境中名词的用法辨析等。由于名词在英语中的重要地位，今后的中考试题中对“名词”的测试会保持一定的稳定性。
学习目标
1. 掌握可数名词、不可数名词的用法；
2. 能够辨析可数名词与不可数名词；
3. 掌握名词所有格的构成方式；
4. 掌握名词的句法功能及常见名词近义词辨析；
知识结构图
考点一：可数名词
1. 可数名词的单数形式一般不能单独使用
可数名词的单数形式一般要在名词前加 “a an或the”等词。
例：(2018·四川遂宁)短文改错 But it used to be poor small town.
2. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化
(1)一般的名词变复数, 直接在词尾加-s
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词, 加-es
例：(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)短文填空
Once (62) d______ come, we take out our mobile phones and take photos
(3) 以o 结尾的名词, 有生命的物质的名词, 加-es
黑人（negro → ____________） 英雄 （hero → ____________ ）
爱吃 土豆（potato → ____________）和 西红柿 （tomato → ____________）
以o 结尾的名词，无生命的物质的名词, 加-s
我听 广播(radio→ ____________)， 也看到 电视录像( video→____________)，
说 动物园( zoo→ ____________)里的 袋鼠(kangaroo→____________) 弹着 钢琴(piano→ ____________)，吃着竹子(bamboo →____________)吸引游客来拍 照片 (photo→ ?____________)
例：1.(2018·江苏宿迁)根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
— Can I help you, sir?
— A box of __________ (tomato), please.
2. (2018广安)—Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?
—Of course. They are our national ________．
A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's
(4) 以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数，把f 或fe 改为-ves
小偷的妻子 用树叶和小刀 在书架上 杀死了半个狼的生命
thief→___________ wife→____________leaf→__________?knife→___________
shelf→ ____________half→ ____________wolf →________ life →____________
例：(2018·湖南怀化)综合填空
The Himalayas is one of the most popular places for mountain climbing. Why do so many climbers risk their____61____(life)?
(5) 以y 结尾的名词变复数, 分两种情况：
1) 辅音字母+y结尾的名词，改y 为i 再加-es;
例：(2018·湖南常德)语法填空
John likes _______ (strawberry) very much
2) 元音字母+y 结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s。
(2018·山东临沂)词形转换
Chinese scientists have successfully cloned (克隆) two _______(monkey). They are named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua.
3. 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
(1) 元音或词尾发生变化：
child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-
policeman-___________, Frenchman-_________ Englishman-
例：(2018·甘肃武威)?根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Too much sugar is bad for your __________( tooth).
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)阅读短文，从原文的每一行中找出一处错误并改正，不加词，不删词。
Even little child start jumping up and down when they hear music. _______
(2018·湖南怀化)There are many old_____ and ______in the park.
A. man, children B. men, child C. men, children
(2) 单复数形式相同：deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, yuan
(3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people，police
(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics
(5) 只能用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses……
注：
▲集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police等)做句子主语时，
如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数形式，如：Class Three is a very good class.
如果表示其中的所有成员时，则谓语用复数形式，如：The team are all highly talented young people.
▲Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时，谓语用单数；表示许多时，谓语用复数。
例：There ______(be) a sheep in the yard.
There ______(be) some sheep in the yard.
▲ maths, news等虽然有s结尾，但不是复数，因此谓语仍用单数，如：The news is very exciting.
▲glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式，故谓语用复数。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.
（6）man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher – ，woman doctor –_____________；
例：(2017·四川眉山)— How many _____ doctors are there in your hospital, David？
— _____ them _____ over one hundred.
A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are
C. woman ; A number of; is D. women: The number of; is
但是其他合成名词，只需把其中心词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-
例：（2018. 贵州安顺）根据语境或句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，
Look! So many (girl)students are enjoying themselves on the playground.
3. “某国人”的复数形式 “中日不变英法变，其余s加后边”
国家名
国籍
单数
复数
China
中国人
a Chinese
two Chinese
Japan
日本人
a Japanese
two Japanese
England
英国人
an Englishman
two Englishmen
France
法国人
a Frenchman
two Frenchmen
Australia
澳大利亚人
an Australian
two Australians
Russia
俄国人
a Russian
two Russians
Italy
意大利人
an Italian
two Italians
America
美国人
an American
two Americans
India
印度人
an Indian
two Indians
Canada
加拿大人
a Canadian
two Canadians
Germany
德国人
a German
two Germans
例：（2018 · 四川凉山）Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three and four .
A. German, American B. Germans, American
C. Germans, Americans D. German, Americans
4. 可数名词的修饰词
修饰可数名词的修饰词有：these, those, few, a few, many, too many, a good/great many, a number of 等。
例：语法填空(2018·浙江嘉兴舟山)
One day, some 47 (worker) in the zoo noticed a black cat was in the bear’s cage (笼子)
(2018?湖北宜昌)综合填空
when a man walked up to me and asked if I had a 57 dollars to give him
考点二：不可数名词的用法
1. 不可数名词的基本用法
(1) 不可数名词不能和a/an连用
(2) 不能直接用数字表数量
(3) 不可数名词没有复数形式，所以后面不能加-s/-es
(4) 不可数名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例：(2018天水)There are many websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful ________ on the websites.
are; informations B. are; information C. is; information D. is; informations
(2018 湖北恩施)- -My dear, you have made in your English this term. Well done!
--Thank you, mum. I will keep on working hard.
A. a progress B. progress C. progresses
2. 不可数名词“数量”的表达方式
(1) 用much, a little , a bit of , some, any, a lot of/lots of, a great deal of,等表示多少
(2)用“数词+ 量词+ of +不可数名词”表示
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) — Could you please give me some ________ on how to learn English ________?
—Sure. Practice makes perfect.
A. advice, well B. advice, good C. advices, well
注：量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。
例题：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed .
Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.
考点三：名词的所有格
1. -’s所有格
名词情况
构成方法
举例
有生命的单数名词
单数名词后加“-s”
Mike’s father迈克的父亲
有生命的复数名词
以s结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加“’”
The teachers’ office教师办公室
不以s结尾的复数名词，在词尾加“-s”
Children’s books儿童读物
几个人共同拥有
只在最后一个名词后加“-s”
Mary and Kate’s room玛丽和凯特的房间（共有）
每个人各自拥有
在每个名词后加“-s”
Jane’s and Tom’s textbooks 简和汤姆的课本（不共有）
(2018绥化)________ room is big and nice.
A. Kate's and Jane's B. Kate's and Jane C. Kate and Jane's
注：
1) -’s可以表示某人的家、工作场所或店铺，一般省略它所修饰的名词。
如：my aunt’s 我阿姨家 the doctor’s诊所
2) -’s还可以用于表示时间、距离、国家、城市等名词之后。
如：today’s newspaper 今天的报纸 ten minutes’ break 十分钟的课间休息
例：（2018·重庆B卷）—How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?
—It’s about two _____ ride by high-speed train.
hour B. hour’s C. hours D. hours’
3) -’s还可以用于构成不同节日。
如：Children’s Day 儿童节 New Year’s Day新年
Mother’s Day 母亲节 Women’s Day 妇女节
2. of 所有格
一般无生命的事物的名词所有格，用 “ of +名词”来表示
如：the map of China the door of the room
3. 双重所有格
双重所有格指：of + 名词所有格/名词性的物主代词
如：a photo of Mary’s 玛丽的一张照片 a photo of mine 我的一张照片
考点四：名词近义词辨析
1. advice 与 suggestion
advice忠告，意见，可指具有较多知识、经验、判断力的人对另一个人的“劝告”或“见解”。不可数名词。
suggestion意见，建议，提议,指为了改进或解决某一问题而提出建议，办法等。可数名词。
【拓展】a piece of advice一条建议
some advice = some suggestions一些建议
accept/take/ follow (sb’s) advice 接受（听从某人的）建议
ask sb.for advice请教某人
give sb.advice/suggestions提出建议
【词性变化】advice （n.） —advise (v.)；suggestion (n.)—suggest (v.)
2. information,news,message
information作“信息”解，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。它侧重内容，是不可数名词。
news作“新闻”解，一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息，它侧重一个“新”字，是不可数名词。
message作“音信”解，一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”，是可数名词。
例： (2018·河北)Did you hear the ______? A scientist will visit our school.
A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice
3. job与 work
job意为“工作，零工”，为可数名词；work意为“工作”时，为不可数名词。但work有动词词性，而job只能作名词。
例如：
Now jobs are not easy to get,so you should work hard.
He works in a great shop.
【注】a piece of work 一份工作；a good job 一份好职业；do a good job 干得好。
4. voice,sound,noise
sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。
sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大，可以指大自然的任何“声音”。
noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。
voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice。
例： (2018 安徽)Cathy has such a good________ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.
A. sleep B. idea C. voice D. time
考点五：其他常考名词考点
a number of与the number of
the number of…表示“……的数量”。中心词是number，作主语时，谓语动词用单数 第三人称形式，后常跟large,small等词作表语。
a number of表示“若干的；许多的”。起修饰作用，相当于many或a lot of，number前可以加small,large词来表示程度。a number of后面的复数可数名词作句子主语时，其谓语动词不能用单数第三人称形式。
2. exercise
exercise用作可数名词时意为“操练；练习，习题；做操”。do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操。
exercise 用作不可数名词时意为“锻炼，运动”。 do/take exercise=do sports 做运动；锻炼身体。
exercise还可用动词，意为“锻炼；练习”。
3. population
population意为“人口”，作主语指“人口总量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；其前面有修饰词时，比如分数或百分数，来表示整体中的一部分人，谓语动词要用复数。询问某地人口多少时要用疑问词what,而不是how many。
eg.What’s the population in Yunnan?
Two–thirds of the population are workers.
【拓展】large/big population 人口多
small population人口少
a population of + 数词 ……(数目)的人口
4. time
time意为“时间，光阴”时是不可数名词，前面可用much,little,a lot of,plenty of等修饰。There is enough time for us to get ready.
time意为“次数，倍数”时，是可数名词。
I have been to Beijing many times.
This room is three times larger than that one.
time复数形式times多用来表示“时期，时代；境况”等概念。
We must keep up with times.
常见固定搭配和句型。
（1）词组或搭配
all the time 一直，始终；at that time 在那时；at the same time 同时
behind the times落在时代后面(过时)= old fashioned = out of style
by the time 到……的时候；every time 每次 = at a time
from time to time= at times = once in a while = sometimes
have a good time 玩得开心 = enjoy oneself = have fun
in time 及时；in no time 立刻，马上；on time准时；take one’s time 不急， 慢慢来
（2）time构成的句型：
It’s time for (sb.to do) sth.该是(某人)干……的时间了。
take time to do/ doing sth.干某事不要急，慢慢来
It’s the first…time +从句(从句用现在完成时)这是某人第一(几)次做某事
中考英语名词复习学案
考情分析
名词是各省市考试题中重要的考点之一。多数省市的中考“单项选择”题中通常含考查名词的考题。有关名词的考点主要是名词单复数形式变化；所有格的用法；可数名词与不可数名词的辨析；不可数名词的计量；名词与其他词类的习惯搭配以及在特定语境中名词的用法辨析等。由于名词在英语中的重要地位，今后的中考试题中对“名词”的测试会保持一定的稳定性。
学习目标
1. 掌握可数名词、不可数名词的用法；
2. 能够辨析可数名词与不可数名词；
3. 掌握名词所有格的构成方式；
4. 掌握名词的句法功能及常见名词近义词辨析；
知识结构图
名词分类：专有名词
普通名词：可数名词（个体名词、集体名词）
不可数名词（物质名词、抽象名词）
名词的数：可数名词（单数、复数—规则变化、不规则变化）
不可数名词—借助计量单位词表示量
名词所有格：’s（各有各’s，共有共’s）
of
双重所有格：n. + of + n’s n. + of + 名物代
句法功能：作主语、宾语、表语
考点一：可数名词
1. 可数名词的单数形式一般不能单独使用
可数名词的单数形式一般要在名词前加 “a an或the”等词。
例：(2018·四川遂宁)短文改错 But it used to be poor small town.
本句中poor前面加a town为可数名词，本句主语为it，所以应该是a poor small town。
2. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化
(1)一般的名词变复数, 直接在词尾加-s
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词, 加-es
例：(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)短文填空
Once (62) d______ come, we take out our mobile phones and take photos
dishes 由句意，一旦菜上上来了，人们开始取出手机拍照，故填dishes。
(3) 以o 结尾的名词, 有生命的物质的名词, 加-es
黑人（negro → ____________） 英雄 （hero → ____________ ）
爱吃 土豆（potato → ____________）和 西红柿 （tomato → ____________）
以o 结尾的名词，无生命的物质的名词, 加-s
我听 广播(radio→ ____________)， 也看到 电视录像( video→____________)，
说 动物园( zoo→ ____________)里的 袋鼠(kangaroo→____________) 弹着 钢琴(piano→ ____________)，吃着竹子(bamboo →____________)吸引游客来拍 照片 (photo→ ?____________)
例：1.(2018·江苏宿迁)根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
— Can I help you, sir?
— A box of __________ (tomato), please.
tomatoes 解析：tomato为可数名词，根据前面的“A box of”可知此处应用其复数形式tomatoes。
2. (2018广安)—Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?
—Of course. They are our national ________．
A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's
C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“你听说过林则徐和詹天佑吗？”“当然，他们是我们的民族。”分析句意，they作主语，指代林则徐和詹天佑，因此hero用复数，正确形式为heroes，故选C。
(4) 以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数，把f 或fe 改为-ves
小偷的妻子 用树叶和小刀 在书架上 杀死了半个狼的生命
thief→___________ wife→____________leaf→__________?knife→___________
shelf→ ____________half→ ____________wolf →________ life →____________
例：(2018·湖南怀化)综合填空
The Himalayas is one of the most popular places for mountain climbing. Why do so many climbers risk their____61____(life)?
lives【解析】句意：为何如此多的攀登者冒他们的_______？risk one’s life/lives意为“冒着某人的生命危险”，是固定词组。由空前their可知此处名词life需用复数形式。故填lives。
(5) 以y 结尾的名词变复数, 分两种情况：
1) 辅音字母+y结尾的名词，改y 为i 再加-es;
例：(2018·湖南常德)语法填空
John likes _______ (strawberry) very much
strawberries 考查名词用法。strawberry为可数名词，复数形式为strawberries.故填strawberries。
2) 元音字母+y 结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s。
(2018·山东临沂)词形转换
Chinese scientists have successfully cloned (克隆) two _______(monkey). They are named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua.
monkeys 句意：中国科学家已经成功地克隆了两只猴子，他们被命名为“中中”和“华华”。
3. 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
(1) 元音或词尾发生变化：
child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-
policeman-___________, Frenchman-_________ Englishman-
例：(2018·甘肃武威)?根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Too much sugar is bad for your __________( tooth).
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔)阅读短文，从原文的每一行中找出一处错误并改正，不加词，不删词。
Even little child start jumping up and down when they hear music. _______
child—children 根据句意，不是指哪一个小孩子，而是泛指小孩子，且start为动词原形，故把child改为复数children。
(2018·湖南怀化)There are many old_____ and ______in the park.
A. man, children B. men, child C. men, children
考查名词的词义辨析。句意为：在公园里有许多老 和孩子。由空前many许多，可知后面的名词需用复数形式，结合选项可知第一空需用复数men；第二空需用children。故选C。
(2) 单复数形式相同：deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, yuan
(3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people，police
(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics
(5) 只能用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses……
注：
▲集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police等)做句子主语时，
如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数形式，如：Class Three is a very good class.
如果表示其中的所有成员时，则谓语用复数形式，如：The team are all highly talented young people.
▲Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时，谓语用单数；表示许多时，谓语用复数。
例：There ______(be) a sheep in the yard.
There ______(be) some sheep in the yard.
答案：is; are
▲ maths, news等虽然有s结尾，但不是复数，因此谓语仍用单数，如：The news is very exciting.
▲glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式，故谓语用复数。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.
（6）man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher – ，woman doctor –_____________；
例：(2017·四川眉山)— How many _____ doctors are there in your hospital, David？
— _____ them _____ over one hundred.
A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are
C. woman ; A number of; is D. women: The number of; is
考查名词作定语和主谓一致。第一个空作定语修饰doctors。man，woman等名词作定语时，要与后面的名词在数上保持一致，可首先排除A、C两项;由疑问词how many可知答语应为医生的数量，“the number of+可数名词的复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A。
但是其他合成名词，只需把其中心词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-
例：（2018. 贵州安顺）根据语境或句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，
Look! So many (girl)students are enjoying themselves on the playground.
girl many修饰的是中心词students. girl是名词作定语修饰students,
3. “某国人”的复数形式 “中日不变英法变，其余s加后边”
国家名
国籍
单数
复数
China
中国人
a Chinese
two Chinese
Japan
日本人
a Japanese
two Japanese
England
英国人
an Englishman
two Englishmen
France
法国人
a Frenchman
two Frenchmen
Australia
澳大利亚人
an Australian
two Australians
Russia
俄国人
a Russian
two Russians
Italy
意大利人
an Italian
two Italians
America
美国人
an American
two Americans
India
印度人
an Indian
two Indians
Canada
加拿大人
a Canadian
two Canadians
Germany
德国人
a German
two Germans
例：（2018 · 四川凉山）Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three and four .
A. German, American B. Germans, American
C. Germans, Americans D. German, Americans
C 考查名词。表示国家人的名词单复数规则：中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面。German德国人，复数形式后面加s, American美国人，复数形式也是后面加s。故答案选C。
4. 可数名词的修饰词
修饰可数名词的修饰词有：these, those, few, a few, many, too many, a good/great many, a number of 等。
例：语法填空(2018·浙江嘉兴舟山)
One day, some 47 (worker) in the zoo noticed a black cat was in the bear’s cage (笼子)
workers句意：有一天，动物园里的一些工作人员发现一只黑猫在熊的笼子里，两只动物一起安静地玩耍。根据句中的some，意为“一些”，其后接可数名词复数。故答案是workers。
(2018?湖北宜昌)综合填空
when a man walked up to me and asked if I had a 57 dollars to give him
few句意：乞讨者问我能不能给他几美元。空前面有不定冠词a；空后 dollars为可数名词复数形式，应用a few来修饰。故填few。
考点二：不可数名词的用法
1. 不可数名词的基本用法
(1) 不可数名词不能和a/an连用
(2) 不能直接用数字表数量
(3) 不可数名词没有复数形式，所以后面不能加-s/-es
(4) 不可数名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例：(2018天水)There are many websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful ________ on the websites.
are; informations B. are; information C. is; information D. is; informations
考查名词单复数和主谓一致。句意：网站上有很多网页并且这里有很多有用的。information为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数is，故选C。
(2018 湖北恩施)- -My dear, you have made in your English this term. Well done!
--Thank you, mum. I will keep on working hard.
A. a progress B. progress C. progresses
B 考查名词用法辨析。progress 为不可数名词。句意：- -亲爱的,这学期你在英语上取得了进步。做得好! -- 谢谢你,妈妈。我将继续努力工作。
2. 不可数名词“数量”的表达方式
(1) 用much, a little , a bit of , some, any, a lot of/lots of, a great deal of,等表示多少
(2)用“数词+ 量词+ of +不可数名词”表示
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) — Could you please give me some ________ on how to learn English ________?
—Sure. Practice makes perfect.
A. advice, well B. advice, good C. advices, well
A 考查名词和副词的用法。advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式；learn English well意为“学英语学得好”，此处用副词well修饰动词learn。故选A。
注：量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。
例题：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed .
Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.
答案：is; are
考点三：名词的所有格
1. -’s所有格
名词情况
构成方法
举例
有生命的单数名词
单数名词后加“-s”
Mike’s father迈克的父亲
有生命的复数名词
以s结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加“’”
The teachers’ office教师办公室
不以s结尾的复数名词，在词尾加“-s”
Children’s books儿童读物
几个人共同拥有
只在最后一个名词后加“-s”
Mary and Kate’s room玛丽和凯特的房间（共有）
每个人各自拥有
在每个名词后加“-s”
Jane’s and Tom’s textbooks 简和汤姆的课本（不共有）
(2018绥化)________ room is big and nice.
A. Kate's and Jane's B. Kate's and Jane C. Kate and Jane's
C【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：房间又大又漂亮。当and连接两个并列名词表示共有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加“'s”，表示单数意义；当and连接两个并列名词表示各自拥有物品时，两个名词词尾都加“'s”，表示复数意义。根据语境和is可知此处指的是二人共有的房间。故选C。
注：
1) -’s可以表示某人的家、工作场所或店铺，一般省略它所修饰的名词。
如：my aunt’s 我阿姨家 the doctor’s诊所
2) -’s还可以用于表示时间、距离、国家、城市等名词之后。
如：today’s newspaper 今天的报纸 ten minutes’ break 十分钟的课间休息
例：（2018·重庆B卷）—How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?
—It’s about two _____ ride by high-speed train.
hour B. hour’s C. hours D. hours’
D 考查名词所有格。句意：——重庆到贵阳距离多远？——坐高铁大概两个小时的车程。这里”two hours’”作形容词修饰ride，故选D。
3) -’s还可以用于构成不同节日。
如：Children’s Day 儿童节 New Year’s Day新年
Mother’s Day 母亲节 Women’s Day 妇女节
2. of 所有格
一般无生命的事物的名词所有格，用 “ of +名词”来表示
如：the map of China the door of the room
3. 双重所有格
双重所有格指：of + 名词所有格/名词性的物主代词
如：a photo of Mary’s 玛丽的一张照片 a photo of mine 我的一张照片
考点四：名词近义词辨析
1. advice 与 suggestion
advice忠告，意见，可指具有较多知识、经验、判断力的人对另一个人的“劝告”或“见解”。不可数名词。
suggestion意见，建议，提议,指为了改进或解决某一问题而提出建议，办法等。可数名词。
【拓展】a piece of advice一条建议
some advice = some suggestions一些建议
accept/take/ follow (sb’s) advice 接受（听从某人的）建议
ask sb.for advice请教某人
give sb.advice/suggestions提出建议
【词性变化】advice （n.） —advise (v.)；suggestion (n.)—suggest (v.)
2. information,news,message
information作“信息”解，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。它侧重内容，是不可数名词。
news作“新闻”解，一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息，它侧重一个“新”字，是不可数名词。
message作“音信”解，一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”，是可数名词。
例： (2018·河北)Did you hear the ______? A scientist will visit our school.
A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice
B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。advice意见；news新闻，消息；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境可知，应是听说这个消息。故选B。
3. job与 work
job意为“工作，零工”，为可数名词；work意为“工作”时，为不可数名词。但work有动词词性，而job只能作名词。
例如：
Now jobs are not easy to get,so you should work hard.
He works in a great shop.
【注】a piece of work 一份工作；a good job 一份好职业；do a good job 干得好。
4. voice,sound,noise
sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。
sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大，可以指大自然的任何“声音”。
noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。
voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice。
例： (2018 安徽)Cathy has such a good________ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.
A. sleep B. idea C. voice D. time
C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜有如此好的以至于她去年在唱歌比赛中赢得了许多奖项。sleep睡眠；idea主意；voice嗓音；time时间。根据空后句意“在唱歌比赛中赢得了许多奖项”可推知她肯定有一副好嗓音。故选C。
考点五：其他常考名词考点
a number of与the number of
the number of…表示“……的数量”。中心词是number，作主语时，谓语动词用单数 第三人称形式，后常跟large,small等词作表语。
a number of表示“若干的；许多的”。起修饰作用，相当于many或a lot of，number前可以加small,large词来表示程度。a number of后面的复数可数名词作句子主语时，其谓语动词不能用单数第三人称形式。
2. exercise
exercise用作可数名词时意为“操练；练习，习题；做操”。do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操。
exercise 用作不可数名词时意为“锻炼，运动”。 do/take exercise=do sports 做运动；锻炼身体。
exercise还可用动词，意为“锻炼；练习”。
3. population
population意为“人口”，作主语指“人口总量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；其前面有修饰词时，比如分数或百分数，来表示整体中的一部分人，谓语动词要用复数。询问某地人口多少时要用疑问词what,而不是how many。
eg.What’s the population in Yunnan?
Two–thirds of the population are workers.
【拓展】large/big population 人口多
small population人口少
a population of + 数词 ……(数目)的人口
4. time
time意为“时间，光阴”时是不可数名词，前面可用much,little,a lot of,plenty of等修饰。There is enough time for us to get ready.
time意为“次数，倍数”时，是可数名词。
I have been to Beijing many times.
This room is three times larger than that one.
time复数形式times多用来表示“时期，时代；境况”等概念。
We must keep up with times.
常见固定搭配和句型。
（1）词组或搭配
all the time 一直，始终；at that time 在那时；at the same time 同时
behind the times落在时代后面(过时)= old fashioned = out of style
by the time 到……的时候；every time 每次 = at a time
from time to time= at times = once in a while = sometimes
have a good time 玩得开心 = enjoy oneself = have fun
in time 及时；in no time 立刻，马上；on time准时；take one’s time 不急， 慢慢来
（2）time构成的句型：
It’s time for (sb.to do) sth.该是(某人)干……的时间了。
take time to do/ doing sth.干某事不要急，慢慢来
It’s the first…time +从句(从句用现在完成时)这是某人第一(几)次做某事
课件49张PPT。中考英语复习
——名词考点一 可数名词可数名词单数
可数名词单数前一般要加冠词a/an, one, my等，
不可单独使用。
例：
a useful dictionary
an honest man
2. 可数名词复数
规则变化
（1）一般情况下直接在词尾加-s。
例 ：book books
cup cups
bag bags (2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，在词尾加-es.
例：bus buses
box boxes
dish dishes
watch watches
(3) 以f或fe结尾的词，先将f或fe变成v，再在词尾加-es.
例：leaf leaves
thief thieves
half halves
knife knives
巧学妙记妻子wife拿刀knife去宰狼wolf，
小偷thief吓得发了慌；
藏在架shelf后保已self命life，
半片树叶leaf遮目光。(4) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再在词尾加-es.
例：city cities
country countries
family families
university universities
(5) 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词直接在词尾加-s.
例: day days
boy boys
key keys(6) 以o结尾的单词，大部分在词尾加-s.
例：zoo zoos
radio radios
piano pianos
potato potatoes
tomato tomatoes
hero heroes
不规则变化
（1）元音发生变化
例：foot feet
goose geese
tooth teeth
man men
woman women
mouse mice
（2）词尾发生变化
例：child children
ox oxen 公牛
（3）单复数同形
例： fish fish
sheep sheep
deer deer 鹿
（4）表示某国人的名词复数
例：a Chinese Chinese
a Japanese Japanese
an Englishman Englishmen
a Frenchman Frenchmen
an American Americans
a German Germans
an Australian Australians
考点二 不可数名词1.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与a/an或具体数字连用，但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。2.要表示一定的数量时，常与a cup of, a bottle of, a piece of 等量词连用，如a cup of tea 一杯茶； two bottles of water 两瓶水
注意：区别two boxes of chalk与two boxes of apples。3.常见的不可数名词有：
food, drink, tea, orange, milk, water, rice, bread, meat, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, fish, work, homework, news, advice, information, weather, Chinese, English, music等小结：
常见的名词修饰语：
1.只修饰可数名词的修饰语
few很少，几乎没有 a few一些，几个
several 几个；若干 many很多
a couple of两个；一对；几个2.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语
little很少，几乎没有 a little有一点儿
much很多
a good/ great deal of很多
a bit of有一点儿
a large amount of大量的
3.既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语
some一些 a lot of=lots of很多
plenty of充足的 enough足够的考点三 名词所有格1．表示所有关系一般用-'s所有格，但表示无生命的事物的所有关系一般用of所有格。
a student's room一个学生的房间
teachers' office老师们的办公室
the price of the book这本书的价格2．双重所有格的构成：“of＋-'s所有格”或“of＋名词性物主代词”。
★双重所有格和of所有格意义不同。
a photo of my sister's我妹妹的一张照片(照片属于我妹妹，但是照片上的人不一定是她)
a photo of my sister一张我妹妹的照片(照片上的人是我妹妹)3．表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等名词的所有关系，直接在词尾加-'s。
today's newspaper今天的报纸
4．表示“某人家”或“店铺”的名词所有格后，一般省略被修饰的名词。
at the doctor's在诊所5．一样东西为两者或两者以上共有，在最后一个名词词尾加-'s；若是各自所有，则每个名词词尾都加-'s。
Lucy and Lily's mother is a teacher. Lucy's and Lily's homework is usually checked by her.露西和莉莉的妈妈是一名老师，她们俩的作业一般由她检查。考点四 名词做定语 1. 名词作定语，一般用单数形式。如： country music乡村音 乐， school education学校教育， physics teachers物理老师。
2. 一般情况下，合成名词的复数形式，只需将其主体词变为复数形式。如：
girl student→ girl students 女学生
new-comer→ new-comers 新来的人3.由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数时将主体词及man或woman都变成复数形式。如：
a man driver→ men drivers男司机
a woman teacher→ women teachers女教师
4.复合形容词作定语,其结构是“数字+名词单数形式”及“数字+名词单数形式+形容词”。其中数字与名词或形容词之间都要有连字符。如：
a two-day holiday两天的假期
a 15-year-old girl 一个十五岁大的女孩练一练1．(2018·安徽)—What is the ________ of your excellent spoken English?
—Practice makes perfect！
A．result B．influence C．duty D．secretD【点拨】句意为：——你口语这么好，秘诀是什么？——熟能生巧！而A.result结果；B.influence影响；C.duty责任；D.secret秘诀。2．(2018·河北)Did you hear the ________？A scientist will visit our school.
A．advice B．news C．praise D．choice B【点拨】advice意为“建议”；news意为“消息，新闻”；praise意为“赞美，赞扬”；choice意为“选择”。根据句意可知选B。3．(2018·武汉) — Kate，I' m going shopping.Anything to buy for you?
—Yes，that will save me a________．
A．hand B．trip C．visit D．bill
B【点拨】trip 旅途，路途。save sb.a trip 省去某人跑一趟。4．(2018·襄阳) —Mom，I'm thirteen now.Can I ride a bike to school?
—Yes，you can.But you must follow the traffic________ on the way.
A．rules B．plans C．safety D．accidentA【点拨】根据句意可知答句的后一句意为：但是在路上你必须遵守交通规则。rules规则；plans计划； safety安全； accident事故。5．(2018·孝感)—Which should we start with，Water World or Space World?
—Either is OK.It makes no ________ to me.
A．mistake B．promise C．difference D．decisionC 【点拨】make no difference to sb.对某人没有影响。6．(2018·宜昌) —The best ________ to come to Yichang is spring.
—I think so.The green water and green mountains are unforgettable.
A．environment B．journey C．temperature D．seasonD 【点拨】根据spring“春天”，可知第一句的意思为：来宜昌的最好季节是春天。7．(2018·苏州)The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his ________．
A．attention B．safety C．action D．growthB 【点拨】句意：那个男孩已经五天不见了，他的父母担心他的安全。A.attention注意；B.safety安全；C.action行动；D.growth成长。根据句意可知选B。8．(2018·宿迁) Wu Wei，a young artist，has received high________ from the art community for this sculpture.
A．pride B．praise C．promise D．progressB 【点拨】句意：吴伟，一位年轻的艺术家，因为这个雕像受到了艺术界的高度赞扬。A.pride自豪；B.praise称赞；C.promise允诺；D.progress进步。可知praise符合句意，故选B。9．(2018·滨州)—More and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera.
—That's true.It's an important part of Chinese ________．
A．culture B．invention C．custom D．influenceA 【点拨】句意：——越来越多的外国人开始对京剧感兴趣。——那是真的。它是中国文化的一个重要部分。A.culture文化；B.invention发明；C.custom习俗；D.influence影响。故选A。10．(2018·天津)Her smile made me feel warm and lively.It was like a hidden________．
A．competition B．interview
C．treasure D．traditionC 【点拨】句意为：她的微笑让我感到温暖而充满活力，就像是隐藏的宝藏。A.competition 表示比赛，竞赛；B.interview 表示面试或采访；C.treasure 表示财宝，宝藏；D.tradition 表示传统。故选C。11．(2018·广东)The three ________ upstairs are too small to have enough ________ for a double bed.
A．room；room B．room；rooms
C．rooms；room D．rooms；roomsC【点拨】第一空的room是“房间”之意，为可数名词；第二空的room是“空间”之意，为不可数名词。12．(2018·通辽) In China，there are more ________ in primary schools than in high schools.
A．woman teacher B．women teachers
C．women teacher D．woman teachersB【点拨】woman修饰复数名词时也要用复数women。13．(中考·新疆生产建设兵团)—Whose bedroom is this? It's tidy and nice.
—This is________bedroom.
A．Lily's and Lucy's B．Lily and Lucy's
C．Lily's and Lucy D．Lily and LucyB【点拨】Lily and Lucy's表示Lily和Lucy两人共有的，此时只在后面名词加所有格。 14．(2017·聊城)—Excuse me，is the museum far from here?
—No，it's about________．
A．5 minutes walk B．5 minute walk
C．5 minutes' walk D．5 minute's walk
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