中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
数词的表达和运用
一、基数词和序数词
分析浙江近几年中考真题可知,基数词和序数词主要在完形填空和词汇运用中考查。完形填空中需要考生结合上下文与数词相关的语境,选出答案;并且还会考查含数词的俗语谚语。词汇运用中给出基数词,需变为相应的序数词或考查基数词与序数词的拼写。
易错点:
a.日期:年用基数词,日用序数词
b. 时刻:“几点钟”用基数词加o’ clock
“几点过几分”,分钟小于或等于30分钟,用介词past
“差几分到几点”,分钟大于30分钟,用介词to
c. 顺序和编号:
序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an,表示“又一,再”,内含顺序性;
物品编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词,即“名词+基数词=the+序数词+名词”。有时可以直接用数字来表示;
d. 年代: in the+年份的复数“在几世纪几十年代”
如何判断用基数词还是序数词
填基数词的几种情况:
(1)表示几年、几岁、几点钟时用基数词;
(2)表示电话号码时用基数词;
(3) in the+年份的复数,用基数词;
(4)是否有固定用法,如: at the age of+基数词;page+基数词等。
填序数词的几种情况:
(1)表示“第几”时用序数词;
(2)空格前有the或者形容词性物主代词等限定词时用序数词
常见含数词的俗语谚语
(1) A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.双鸟在林,不如一鸟在手。
(2 ) An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening一日之计在于晨。
(3) Bad things come in three坏事三进。
(4) Kill two birds with one stone.一石二鸟。
(5) Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
(6) Two heads are better than one.两人智慧胜一人。
巧学妙记: 基数词变序数词
基变序,有规律,一、二、三特殊记,词尾字母tdd, 八去t,九去e。ve要用
f替,整十基数变序数,记得把y变ie, 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
二、概数词
分析浙江近4年中考真题可知,概数词仅在词汇运用B中考査,考生需掌握概数词的基本用法,且需正确拼写。
1. 表示确切的数字(具体数字+概数词+名词复数)
当 hundred, thousand, million等词与具体的数字one, two…或several,some,many等修饰词连用时,要用单数形式。
如:five hundred people 500人;two thousand books 两千本书。
2.表示不确切的数字(概数词加-s+of+名词复数)
当 hundred, thousand, million等词与of连用时,要用复数形式,但前面不能再加数字。如: thousands of factories 成千上万家工厂。
浙江省近几年中考真题及预测
1.(2018台州48题)Ann was so close to the winner, but the________( two ) place made her feel pretty good too.
2.(2018舟山49题)You can find more information about outer space in the ________ (eight) unit of Smart Science.
3.(2018义乌47题)My new house is on the_________(six) floor.
4.(2017舟山46题)It’s the_______(five ) time that I’ve been to the West Lake.
5.(2016衢州55题)Children usually attend a primary school at the age of________(six) in China
6.(2016义乌50题)The__________(ninth) Healthiest Class Competition will be held in our school
7.(2018宁波36题)April is the_________(第四)month of the year.
8.(2015温州53题)There are seven bicycles, _________(九) armchairs, and fifteen cameras.
9. (2017温州54题)__________(百万)of dogs are killed every year.
10.(2017宁波52题) Pizza became a favorite dish in Italy, but pizza really became an international dish after the Second World War, when_______(千)of American soldiers went home from Europe.
11.(2016义乌57题)Someone thinks a small touch won’t hurt the artwork, but imagine how those “touches” would add up with __________(百) or thousands of visitors every day.
12. This is our _______ (three) time to plant trees. My classmates and I have done it twice.
13. My father made a special gift for my mother on their ___________ (forty) wedding anniversary.
14. Mary began to play the guitar at the age of_________(十一), and she plays very well.
15. Li Ming’s parents are going to have a party for his______(第十六)birthday.
答案及解析:
1. second 由so close to the winner可知 2.eighth 表示第几时用序数词
3.sixth 表示第几时用序数词 4.fifth 表示第几时用序数词
5. six at the age of +基数词 6. Ninth 表示第九届比赛,且需大写
7. fourth 第四个月份 8. nine 表示数量
9. Millions 与of 连用,用复数形式 10. thousands 表示成千上万
11. hundreds 与of 连用,用复数形式 12. third 前面有形容词性物主代词our修饰,用序数词
13. fortieth 前面有形容词性物主代词their修饰,用序数词
14. eleven at the age of +基数词
15. sixteenth 前面有形容词性物主代词his修饰,用序数词
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