中考英语复习代词学案
考情分析
代词是用来代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、动词不定式、v-ing形式、从句或句子的一种词类，英语代词可分为8种：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词和关系代词等。人称代词、物主代词和反身代词都有“格”和“性”的变化；疑问代词和关系代词与句意关系密切，在听力测试、句式结构分析中，占有举足轻重的地位；不定代词数量多，近义词多，且大多又兼有代词和形容词的双重作用，是英语学习和测试的重点。在近几年的中考试题中，出现频率最高的是不定代词、人称代词、物主代词和疑问代词；其次是反身代词、指示代词和关系代词。根据各地中考命题的发展趋势，在今后的中考试题中，代词扔将是考查的主流词类之一。
学习目标
1. 掌握人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、不定代词、疑问代词的基本用法；
2. 准确完成代词词的相关练习。
知识结构图
代
词
人称代词
主格
I; we; you; she; he; it; they等
宾格
me; us; you; her; him; it; them等
物主代词
形容词性
my; your; his; her; our; their; its等
名词性
mine; yours; his; hers; ours; theirs; its等
反身代词
myself; yourself; himself; herself; itself等
指示代词
this; that; these; those等
相互代词
each other; one another等
不定代词
普通不定代词
some; any; much; few等
复合不定代词
something; everything等
疑问代词、连接代词与关系代词
疑问代词构成特殊疑问
who; whom; what; which等
连接代词引导名词性从句
what; which; who等
关系代词引导定语从句
which; who; that等
考点一 人称代词
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
it/she/he
it/her/him
they
them
1.人称代词主格在句中作主语。如：She is my English teacher.
例：（2018?上海中考)My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients.
A.He B.Him C.His D.Himself
2.宾格在句中作宾语。如：They don’t want me to go there alone.
Don’t worry. I can look after her.
例1： (2018·湖南湘西) —Linda, why do you often go to see the pandas?
—I go to see ___because they are very interesting.
A. they B. them C. their
例2：(2018·山西)21. In our lives, our parents give us love and warmth. In return, we should understand and care about _______.
A. us B. you C. them
人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等。
如：The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston.
We love our country, we hope she’ll be stronger and stronger.
4. it的用法
(1) 指东西、动物、婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。
如：Where’s my book? Have you seen it?
The baby cried because it was hungry.
(2) 指天气、时间或距离等。
如：It is sunny today. Let’s go out for a walk.
It’s eight o’clock now. It’s time for class.
It’s ten kilometers from my home to school.
(3) 指上下文内容
如：The Olympic Games was held in Beijing in 2008. It made the Chinese proud.
(4) 代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。
常见句型有：
It’s +adj. + (for/of sb.)+to do sth.
It’s +adj. +that 从句
It seems that …
It’s time to do sth. / for sth.”
主语+make /think /feel/find + it (is) + adj. / n. + to do sth.
如：It's very hard for him to study two languages.
It's very nice of you to help me.
I find it hard to fly a kite.
5.人称代词的顺序
几个人称代词并列做主语时，它们的顺序是：
单数形式（二三一） you, he and I
复数形式（一二三） we ,you and they
但是当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前， you 在最后。
(口诀：单数二三一，复数一二三，受到批评我在前，承认错误你在后。)
例如：You, he and I are all the winners.
I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project.
考点二 物主代词
单数
复数
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
形容词性物主代词在句中具有形容词的特征。在句中作定语， 后面跟名词。
如：To our surprise, he has passed the exam.
例1： (2018·广东省)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.
A. it’s B. its C. one's D. one
例2：(2018·河北)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _______ house.
A. her B. his C. my D. your
名词性的物主代词具有名词的特征， 在句中作主语、表语、宾语。
如：May I use your bike? Mine is at school. (作主语)
Whose glasses are these? They are hers. ( 作表语)
My dictionary is lost. Can I use yours? (作宾语)
例：(2018·湖北黄石)—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils?
—Oh, no. They’re not _______.
A. her B. him C. hers D. his
名词性物主代词可以与of 连用， 作定语。
如：A friend of ours are waiting for us.
4. 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别
形容词性物主代词只能作定语，修饰后面所接的名词；而名词性物主代词=“形容词性物主代词+名词”，其后不接名词
如：This is my bag, and that is yours (= your bag).
Their school is much bigger than ours ( our school).
例： (2018·四川南充)—Is that modem plane?
—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.
A. your; my B. your; mine C. you; me D. yours; mine
考点三 反身代词
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
1.反身代词不做主语，可作宾语、表语及同位语，必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致，意义为“本人”、“亲自”、“…自己”。
如：?He?saw?himself?in?the?mirror.? （反身代词himself作宾语并与主语he?是指同一个人。）
I can do it myself. （反身代词myself作同位语并与主语I是指同一个人。）
Bob is not quite himself today. 鲍勃今天感到不适。（反身代词himself作表语并与主语Bob是指同一个人）
2.反身代词常考词组
teach oneself ______________
enjoy oneself______________
come to oneself____________
by oneself________________
make oneself at home____________
learn by oneself_____________
help oneself________________
hurt oneself________________
dress oneself_______________
lose oneself ____________
例1：（2018?贵州黔南)Welcome you all to China and enjoy________ here.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. themselves D. himself
例2：(2018·四川资阳)My daughter was about 2 years old when she could walk by______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
考点四 指示代词
这，这个
那，那个
这些
那些
this
that
these
those
this 和 these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。
如： This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.
有时that和those指前面讲过的事物，this和these则指下面要讲到的事物。
如： I had a cold. That’s why I didn't come. I want to say this: reading is very important in learning English.
有时为了避免重复提到刚刚提到的名词，可用that或those替代。
如： TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. Those who speak English can volunteer their time to teach poor kids.
this 在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。
如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack?
考点五 相互代词
相互代词只有each other和one another两个，意为“彼此；相互”。一般来说，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间，常用each other；存在于两个人或物之间，常用one another。多数情况下，二者可互换使用。
如：People should love each other/ one another.
We should point out each other’s shortcomings.
考点六 不定代词
普通不定代词
some, any
few, little
none
many, much
either, neither
one
each, every
both, all
other, another
复合不定代词
one
body
thing
some
someone
somebody
something
any
anyone
anybody
anything
every
everyone
everybody
everything
no
no one
nobody
nothing
1.some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中；any-类复合不定代词多用于一般疑问句和否定句中。
如：I can’t see anything in the dark room.
Do you have anything to eat?
I have something to tell you.
2. 复合不定代词被形容词或else所修饰时，形容词或else要放在不定代词的后面。
如：There is nothing new in this book.
Did she tell you anything else?
例： (2018·湖北黄冈) —Did Qingdao show _________ to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会) ?
—Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development.
A. something special B. anything special C. special something D. special anything
3. 复合不定代词被动词不定式修饰时，动词不定式放在复合不定代词之后。
如：Do you have anything to eat?
4. 复合不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语通常用单数。
如：Everyone is here today.
There is something wrong with his bike.
▲易混辨析
(1) some, any 一些
①some 常用于肯定句；但希望对方肯定回答时，疑问句中用some。
②any 常用于否定句和疑问句，还可用于if引导的条件从句；用于肯定句时，表示“任何一个”。
(2) many, much 许多
①many＋名词复数。例如：He has many friends.
②much＋不可数名词。例如：He doesn't have much money.
(3) a few, few, a little, little
①a few/few＋可数名词复数。a few意为“有一点”；few意为“几乎没有”(否定词)。
②a little/little＋不可数名词。a little意为“有一点”(还可接形容词或比较级)；little 意为“几乎没有”(否定词)。
(4) it, one, that, those
①it 指代前面提到过的那个人或物。
②one 表示泛指，指前面提到的那类人或物中的任何一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式是ones。
③that 指代同一类别中的另一个，用来代替不可数名词。
④those用来指代名词复数，指代同一类别中的另一些，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。
例1：（2018. 贵州安顺）—Mr. Han, how is the weather in An shun now, please?
—Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.
A. it B. that C. this D. those
例2： (2018·安徽)—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.
—Really? Let’s go and buy _______ for your new kitchen.
A. one B. it C. that D. them
(5) both, either, neither
①both意为“两者都”，both of…作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
词组：both…and 两者都
②either意为“两者之一”，either of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
词组：either…or 要么……要么
③neither意为“两者都不”，neither of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
词组：neither…nor 既不……也不
注意：either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also(不仅……而且), 连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词跟最近的主语一致(就近原则)。
例：(2018江苏扬州)3. — Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi’an?
— _____ is OK. It’s up to you.
A.Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
(6) all, every, each, none, no one, nobody
①all指三者或三者以上“全部都”，all of…作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
②every 指三个或三个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，不能带of。
③each 指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，能带of。
④none指三者或三者以上当中“一个也没有”，既可指人也可指物，常与of连用。
⑤no one/nobody指三者或三者以上当中“一个也没有”，只能指人，不能与of连用。
▲注意：用what/who提问的句子表示否定时分别用nothing/no one(nobody)来回答。用how many/how much提问的句子表示否定时只能用none来回答。
例：(2018·湖北黄石) When Flight 3U833 finally landed in Chengdu, ______ of women cried. Fortunately, ______ of the 119 passengers in the plane were hurt in the incident(事件).
A. some; none B. some; neither C. any; none D. any; neither
(7) another, other, others, the other, the others
①another 泛指三者或三者以上当中的“另一个”。例如：
another two dogs＝two more dogs
②other 泛指“别的，其他的”，后面常加名词。
③others泛指“别人，其他人”。others＝other＋可数名词复数。
He is ready to help others.＝He is ready to help other people.
others还常用在some…others “一些……另一些”结构中。
④the other 特指“剩下的，其余的”。
⑤the others＝the other＋可数名词复数。指“剩下的人(或物)，其余的(或物)”。
词组：one…the other (两者中)一个……另一个； some…others 一些……另一些
例：（2018?上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy.
A.another B.the other C.other D. others
考点七 疑问代词
疑问代词
意义
基本用法
例句
who
谁
主语、表语、宾语
Who are you waiting for?
whom
谁
宾语
With whom did you go swimming?
whose
谁的
主语、表语、宾语、定语
Whose pen is this?
what
什么
主语、表语、宾语、定语
What do you know about it?
which
哪个
主语、表语、宾语、定语
Which movie do you like best?
who, what/ who 用于询问别人的姓名，身份或关系，what用于询问别人的职业。
如： Who is that man over there? What does your father do?=What is your father?
Who, which /who 选择的对象没有范围限制， 回答可以指一人，也可以指几个人。Which选择的对象有范围的限制，回答通常确定为一个。
如： Who will go with me? Which of you will go with me?
What, which/ What 选择的范围没有限制，侧重于种类，而which表示在一定范围内选择，侧重于哪一个。
如： What do you usually have for breakfast? Which would you like to have for breakfast, dumplings or noodles?
whose, whom /whose 是who的所有格，通常做定语或表语。而whom是who的宾格形式，通常用作宾语。
如：whom are you waiting for?
例：?(2018·江苏盐城)—?__________?do you plan to buy?
— I haven’t made up my mind. I’ll just look around.
A.?Who B. How C. Why D. What
中考英语复习代词学案
考情分析
代词是用来代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、动词不定式、v-ing形式、从句或句子的一种词类，英语代词可分为8种：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词和关系代词等。人称代词、物主代词和反身代词都有“格”和“性”的变化；疑问代词和关系代词与句意关系密切，在听力测试、句式结构分析中，占有举足轻重的地位；不定代词数量多，近义词多，且大多又兼有代词和形容词的双重作用，是英语学习和测试的重点。在近几年的中考试题中，出现频率最高的是不定代词、人称代词、物主代词和疑问代词；其次是反身代词、指示代词和关系代词。根据各地中考命题的发展趋势，在今后的中考试题中，代词扔将是考查的主流词类之一。
学习目标
1. 掌握人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、不定代词、疑问代词的基本用法；
2. 准确完成代词词的相关练习。
知识结构图
代
词
人称代词
主格
I; we; you; she; he; it; they等
宾格
me; us; you; her; him; it; them等
物主代词
形容词性
my; your; his; her; our; their; its等
名词性
mine; yours; his; hers; ours; theirs; its等
反身代词
myself; yourself; himself; herself; itself等
指示代词
this; that; these; those等
相互代词
each other; one another等
不定代词
普通不定代词
some; any; much; few等
复合不定代词
something; everything等
疑问代词、连接代词与关系代词
疑问代词构成特殊疑问
who; whom; what; which等
连接代词引导名词性从句
what; which; who等
关系代词引导定语从句
which; who; that等
考点一 人称代词
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
it/she/he
it/her/him
they
them
1.人称代词主格在句中作主语。如：She is my English teacher.
例：（2018?上海中考)My father is a good doctor. __________works hard to help his patients.
A.He B.Him C.His D.Himself
B【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：我父亲是个好医生。他努力工作去帮助他的病人。这里欠缺的主语，再根据前面的主语是我父亲，这里用表示他的主格，故填He。
2.宾格在句中作宾语。如：They don’t want me to go there alone.
Don’t worry. I can look after her.
例1： (2018·湖南湘西) —Linda, why do you often go to see the pandas?
—I go to see ___because they are very interesting.
A. they B. them C. their
B【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——琳达，你为什么经常去观看熊猫？——我去看它们，因为他们非常有趣。用作动词see的宾语，用人称代词的宾格形式。故选B。
例2：(2018·山西)21. In our lives, our parents give us love and warmth. In return, we should understand and care about _______.
A. us B. you C. them
C 考查代词词义辨析。句意：在生活中，我们的父母给予我们爱与温暖。作为回报，我们应该理解并关心他们。根据句意可知横线处指代our parents，所以使用代词“他们”。因为about是介词，后面用宾格形式。us我们；you你，你们；them他们。故选C。
人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等。
如：The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston.
We love our country, we hope she’ll be stronger and stronger.
4. it的用法
(1) 指东西、动物、婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。
如：Where’s my book? Have you seen it?
The baby cried because it was hungry.
(2) 指天气、时间或距离等。
如：It is sunny today. Let’s go out for a walk.
It’s eight o’clock now. It’s time for class.
It’s ten kilometers from my home to school.
(3) 指上下文内容
如：The Olympic Games was held in Beijing in 2008. It made the Chinese proud.
(4) 代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。
常见句型有：
It’s +adj. + (for/of sb.)+to do sth.
It’s +adj. +that 从句
It seems that …
It’s time to do sth. / for sth.”
主语+make /think /feel/find + it (is) + adj. / n. + to do sth.
如：It's very hard for him to study two languages.
It's very nice of you to help me.
I find it hard to fly a kite.
5.人称代词的顺序
几个人称代词并列做主语时，它们的顺序是：
单数形式（二三一） you, he and I
复数形式（一二三） we ,you and they
但是当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反，I 在最前， you 在最后。
(口诀：单数二三一，复数一二三，受到批评我在前，承认错误你在后。)
例如：You, he and I are all the winners.
I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project.
考点二 物主代词
单数
复数
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
形容词性物主代词在句中具有形容词的特征。在句中作定语， 后面跟名词。
如：To our surprise, he has passed the exam.
例1： (2018·广东省)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.
A. it’s B. its C. one's D. one
B考查代词。句意：节礼日，12月26日，得名于有一次许多富人家庭将成盒的礼物送给那些在圣诞节还在坚持工作的穷人。本题中，name为名词，其前需要用形容词性的物主代词修饰。故选B。
例2：(2018·河北)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _______ house.
A. her B. his C. my D. your
C 考查形容词性物主代词辨析。句意：请进，Alice。欢迎光临寒舍。由句意知选C。
名词性的物主代词具有名词的特征， 在句中作主语、表语、宾语。
如：May I use your bike? Mine is at school. (作主语)
Whose glasses are these? They are hers. ( 作表语)
My dictionary is lost. Can I use yours? (作宾语)
例：(2018·湖北黄石)—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils?
—Oh, no. They’re not _______.
A. her B. him C. hers D. his
C 考查名词性物主代词的用法。句意：—嗨，安娜。这是你姐姐(妹妹)的铅笔吗？—哦，不是的。它们不是她的。空格后没有名词，故应填名词性物主代词。由前句的sister知，这里应为hers。
名词性物主代词可以与of 连用， 作定语。
如：A friend of ours are waiting for us.
4. 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别
形容词性物主代词只能作定语，修饰后面所接的名词；而名词性物主代词=“形容词性物主代词+名词”，其后不接名词
如：This is my bag, and that is yours (= your bag).
Their school is much bigger than ours ( our school).
例： (2018·四川南充)—Is that modem plane?
—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.
A. your; my B. your; mine C. you; me D. yours; mine
B考查代词词义辨析。句意：—那是你的现代飞机吗？—是的，是我的。我姐姐送给我的。第一空后为名词，其前应用形容词物主代词修饰，故排除选项C和D；根据第二空后无任何词，表明该空应为名词性物主代词；再根据上下文语境，应填mine。故选B。
考点三 反身代词
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
1.反身代词不做主语，可作宾语、表语及同位语，必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致，意义为“本人”、“亲自”、“…自己”。
如：?He?saw?himself?in?the?mirror.? （反身代词himself作宾语并与主语he?是指同一个人。）
I can do it myself. （反身代词myself作同位语并与主语I是指同一个人。）
Bob is not quite himself today. 鲍勃今天感到不适。（反身代词himself作表语并与主语Bob是指同一个人）
2.反身代词常考词组
teach oneself ______________
enjoy oneself______________
come to oneself____________
by oneself________________
make oneself at home____________
learn by oneself_____________
help oneself________________
hurt oneself________________
dress oneself_______________
lose oneself ____________
答案：自学；自学；玩得开心；请随意（吃）；苏醒；伤着某人自己；独自；自已穿；随便些，请不要拘束；沉醉于
例1：（2018?贵州黔南)Welcome you all to China and enjoy________ here.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. themselves D. himself
B【解析】考察反身代词的用法。句意：欢迎你们到中国来，希望你们过得愉快！all表示三者或者三者以上“全部的”，所以you指的是“你们”，故玩得愉快要用：enjoy yourselves。故选B.
例2：(2018·四川资阳)My daughter was about 2 years old when she could walk by______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
D考查代词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿能独自走路时大约是2岁。by oneself为固定搭配意为“独自；单独”，含有“含有不需要他人帮助的”；反身代词和主语保持一致，my daughter对应的反身代词为herself。故选D。
考点四 指示代词
这，这个
那，那个
这些
那些
this
that
these
those
this 和 these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。
如： This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.
有时that和those指前面讲过的事物，this和these则指下面要讲到的事物。
如： I had a cold. That’s why I didn't come. I want to say this: reading is very important in learning English.
有时为了避免重复提到刚刚提到的名词，可用that或those替代。
如： TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. Those who speak English can volunteer their time to teach poor kids.
this 在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。
如：Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack?
考点五 相互代词
相互代词只有each other和one another两个，意为“彼此；相互”。一般来说，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间，常用each other；存在于两个人或物之间，常用one another。多数情况下，二者可互换使用。
如：People should love each other/ one another.
We should point out each other’s shortcomings.
考点六 不定代词
普通不定代词
some, any
few, little
none
many, much
either, neither
one
each, every
both, all
other, another
复合不定代词
one
body
thing
some
someone
somebody
something
any
anyone
anybody
anything
every
everyone
everybody
everything
no
no one
nobody
nothing
1.some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中；any-类复合不定代词多用于一般疑问句和否定句中。
如：I can’t see anything in the dark room.
Do you have anything to eat?
I have something to tell you.
2. 复合不定代词被形容词或else所修饰时，形容词或else要放在不定代词的后面。
如：There is nothing new in this book.
Did she tell you anything else?
例： (2018·湖北黄冈) —Did Qingdao show _________ to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会) ?
—Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development.
A. something special B. anything special C. special something D. special anything
B考查不定代词的使用规则。句意：—青岛在上合峰会期间展示特殊的东西吗？—当然，展示了她的美丽、高科技和飞速发展。something一般位于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中，anything用于疑问句或否定句中，修饰不定代词的词要位于不定代词之后。问句为一般疑问句，不表示请求。故选B。
3. 复合不定代词被动词不定式修饰时，动词不定式放在复合不定代词之后。
如：Do you have anything to eat?
4. 复合不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语通常用单数。
如：Everyone is here today.
There is something wrong with his bike.
▲易混辨析
(1) some, any 一些
①some 常用于肯定句；但希望对方肯定回答时，疑问句中用some。
②any 常用于否定句和疑问句，还可用于if引导的条件从句；用于肯定句时，表示“任何一个”。
(2) many, much 许多
①many＋名词复数。例如：He has many friends.
②much＋不可数名词。例如：He doesn't have much money.
(3) a few, few, a little, little
①a few/few＋可数名词复数。a few意为“有一点”；few意为“几乎没有”(否定词)。
②a little/little＋不可数名词。a little意为“有一点”(还可接形容词或比较级)；little 意为“几乎没有”(否定词)。
(4) it, one, that, those
①it 指代前面提到过的那个人或物。
②one 表示泛指，指前面提到的那类人或物中的任何一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式是ones。
③that 指代同一类别中的另一个，用来代替不可数名词。
④those用来指代名词复数，指代同一类别中的另一些，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。
例1：（2018. 贵州安顺）—Mr. Han, how is the weather in An shun now, please?
—Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.
A. it B. that C. this D. those
B. 考查代词的用法。句意：—韩先生，请问安顺现在的天气怎样？—事实上要比贵阳凉爽些。这里的that指代前面的天气的，是同类不同物，故选B。
例2： (2018·安徽)—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.
—Really? Let’s go and buy _______ for your new kitchen.
A. one B. it C. that D. them
A 考查不定代词。句意：——今天这个超市里冰箱大甩卖。——真的吗？咱们去为你的新厨房买一台吧。one指代前面提到的物品中的一个；it指代前面提到的物品；that那个；them它们。从语境知，这里指的是去买这些冰箱中的一个。故选A。
(5) both, either, neither
①both意为“两者都”，both of…作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
词组：both…and 两者都
②either意为“两者之一”，either of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
词组：either…or 要么……要么
③neither意为“两者都不”，neither of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
词组：neither…nor 既不……也不
注意：either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also(不仅……而且), 连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词跟最近的主语一致(就近原则)。
例：(2018江苏扬州)3. — Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi’an?
— _____ is OK. It’s up to you.
A.Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
A 考查代词辨析。句意：—你明天想去哪里，北京还是西安？ —任意一个地方都可以。你决定吧。either两者当中任意一个；neither两者都不；both两者都；all三者或三者以上都。all和both后的谓语动词都用复数形式，根据答语“你来决定”可知用either表示“两者中的任何一者”。故选A。
(6) all, every, each, none, no one, nobody
①all指三者或三者以上“全部都”，all of…作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
②every 指三个或三个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，不能带of。
③each 指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，能带of。
④none指三者或三者以上当中“一个也没有”，既可指人也可指物，常与of连用。
⑤no one/nobody指三者或三者以上当中“一个也没有”，只能指人，不能与of连用。
▲注意：用what/who提问的句子表示否定时分别用nothing/no one(nobody)来回答。用how many/how much提问的句子表示否定时只能用none来回答。
例：(2018·湖北黄石) When Flight 3U833 finally landed in Chengdu, ______ of women cried. Fortunately, ______ of the 119 passengers in the plane were hurt in the incident(事件).
A. some; none B. some; neither C. any; none D. any; neither
A 考查代词词义辨析。句意：当3U833航班最终降落在成都时，一些妇女哭了。幸运的是，飞机上的119名乘客中没有一人在事故中受伤。some表示“一些；某些”，用在肯定句中；none表示“没有一个”，用于三者以上。故选A。
(7) another, other, others, the other, the others
①another 泛指三者或三者以上当中的“另一个”。例如：
another two dogs＝two more dogs
②other 泛指“别的，其他的”，后面常加名词。
③others泛指“别人，其他人”。others＝other＋可数名词复数。
He is ready to help others.＝He is ready to help other people.
others还常用在some…others “一些……另一些”结构中。
④the other 特指“剩下的，其余的”。
⑤the others＝the other＋可数名词复数。指“剩下的人(或物)，其余的(或物)”。
词组：one…the other (两者中)一个……另一个； some…others 一些……另一些
例：（2018?上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and______is noisy.
A.another B.the other C.other D. others
B【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：凯瑟琳有两个表兄弟。一个是安静的，另一个是嘈杂的。根据前面的one可知此处用the other(另一个)。
考点七 疑问代词
疑问代词
意义
基本用法
例句
who
谁
主语、表语、宾语
Who are you waiting for?
whom
谁
宾语
With whom did you go swimming?
whose
谁的
主语、表语、宾语、定语
Whose pen is this?
what
什么
主语、表语、宾语、定语
What do you know about it?
which
哪个
主语、表语、宾语、定语
Which movie do you like best?
who, what/ who 用于询问别人的姓名，身份或关系，what用于询问别人的职业。
如： Who is that man over there? What does your father do?=What is your father?
Who, which /who 选择的对象没有范围限制， 回答可以指一人，也可以指几个人。Which选择的对象有范围的限制，回答通常确定为一个。
如： Who will go with me? Which of you will go with me?
What, which/ What 选择的范围没有限制，侧重于种类，而which表示在一定范围内选择，侧重于哪一个。
如： What do you usually have for breakfast? Which would you like to have for breakfast, dumplings or noodles?
whose, whom /whose 是who的所有格，通常做定语或表语。而whom是who的宾格形式，通常用作宾语。
如：whom are you waiting for?
例：?(2018·江苏盐城)—?__________?do you plan to buy?
— I haven’t made up my mind. I’ll just look around.
A.?Who B. How C. Why D. What
D?考查疑问词辨析。句意：_—你打算买“什么”？_—我还没有决定，我只是到处看看。分析句子可知，动词“buy”后面缺少宾语，应用疑问代词，故排除B和C疑问副词；而“who”显然不能做“buy”的宾语，只有“what”适合，表示“买什么”。故选D。
代词专项练习
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
1. (2018上海)The retired couple have decided to go to college. It's time for ________ to begin a new life.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
2. (2018重庆A卷)—Do you like watching ping-pong matches?
—Yes, and________ favorite ping-pong player is Ma Long.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
3. (2018陕西)Good words can touch not only your heart but also ________．
A. I B. my C. myself D. mine
4. (2018福州)—I can't find my eraser. May I use ________？
—Of course.
A. you B. your C. yours
5. (2018连云港)The Rio 2018 Olympic torch (火炬) began ________ 95-day journey in Brazil on May 3rd.
A. it B. its C. it's D. itself
6. (2018十堰)We must protect plants because they are friends of ________．
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
7. (2018淮安)Tomorrow is our teacher's birthday and we are going to give ________ a big surprise.
A. his B. him C. he D. himself
8. (2018荆门)—Do you know who taught ________ French?
—Nobody. He learned it by________.
A. his; himself B. him; him C. him; himself D. his; him
9. (2018北京)My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I'll meet ________ at the airport.
A. her B. you C. him D. them
10. (2018南宁)She is my friend.________ name is Betty.
A. Its B. His C. Her D. My
11. (2018东营)How do you get on with ________ little brother? I've just had a baby sister. I'm worrying about it.
A. my B. his C. her D. your
12. (2018东营)If we just think about ________， the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime.
A. myself B. himself C. yourself D. ourselves
13. (2018绥化)They could look after ________ when they were six.
A. ourselves B. themselves C. yourselves
14. (2018河北)Thanks for inviting________ to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoyed it.
A. her B. him C. you D. me
15. (2018德阳)Everyone likes my grandma because ________ is friendly and kind.
A. his B. her C. she D. he
16. (2018温州)Jenny has a sweet tooth. Let's make some cookies for ________．
A. me B. him C. her D. them
17. (2018苏州)—Here's a box of chocolate on our desk. For me or for your mom?
—It's ________， Dad. Happy Father's Day!
A. hers B. her C. yours D. you
18. (2018济宁)—What a nice model plane!
—Thanks. I made it with 3-D printer by ________．
A. me B. him C. itself D. myself
普通不定代词
1. (2018武汉)—There're four bedrooms in the house, ________ with its own shower.
—That's what I want. I've got a few kids.
A. either B. neither C. each D. none
2. (2018哈尔滨)—Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose?
—Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave ________ to myself.
A. another B. the other C. other
3. (2018黄石)The twins look exactly the same. ________ of them are in my class.
A. Each B. Both C. Either D. None
4. (2018宜昌)—When are we going to see the movie ZooTopia, this afternoon or tonight?
—________ is OK. I'm free today.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
5. (2018德州)—Where would you like to go for your summer holiday, Beijing or Shanghai?
—________. I will go to Sanya in Hainan.
A. Both B. Each C. Neither D. Either
6. (2018乐山)I don't understand what you said. Would you please give me ________ example?
A. another B. other C. others
7. (2018齐齐哈尔)—Who was hurt in the traffic accident?
—________．
A. None B. No one C. Nothing
复合不定代词
1. (2018重庆B卷)I'm sorry I know ________ about it. It's a secret between them.
A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
2. (2018河南)—What a bad day!
—Everyone has one of those days when ________ goes right.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
3. (2018临沂)Water is important to ________， so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone B. nobody C. somebody D. something
4. (2018泰州)—Is there ________ else in the classroom?
—It is empty. ________ is listening to a speech in the school hall.
A. anyone; Anyone B. anyone; Everyone C. everyone; Anyone D. everyone; Everyone
5. (2018安顺)—Is there ________ in today's newspaper?
—No. I think everything in it is boring.
A. interesting anything B. somebody interesting
C. interesting something D. anything interesting
指示代词
1. (2018天津)I can't find my ticket. I think I have lost ________．
A. it B. one C. this D. them
2. (2018广东)—I am a little hungry, Daddy.
—See the cupcakes on the plate？But you can only take ________. Dinner is ready soon.
A. it B. one C. this D. that
3. (2018泰安)I found ________ had changed a lot when I went to my hometown again.
A. there B. it C. he D. this
4. (2018鄂州)—The population of China is larger than ________ of India.
—Yes, but India's population is increasing rapidly.
A. it B. one C. that D. this
疑问代词
1. (2018青岛)—________ do you usually share happiness with?
—My parents and my best friend.
A. Who B. Whose C. What D. How
2. (2018绥化)—________ did you write to last night?
—A pen pal.
A. What B. Where C. Whom
答案与解析
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
1.B【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意：这对退休的夫妇决定去上大学。现在是开始新生活的时候了。所选词做介词for的宾语，用人称代词宾格，故选B。
6.D【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：我们必须保护植物，因为它们是朋友。介词of后跟名词性物主代词构成双重所有格，friends of ours表示“我们的朋友”。故选D。
7.B【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意：明天是我们老师的生日，我们打算要送给一个大大的惊喜。give sb. sth.意为给某人某物，是双宾语结构，give为动词，后面接人称代词的宾格形式。故选B。
13.B【解析】考查反身代词。句意：当他们六岁时，他们就能够照顾。look after oneself自己照顾自己；主语是They，因此用themselves。故选B。
14.D【解析】考查人称代词宾格。句意：谢谢你邀请吃饭，南希。我真的很享受它。根据“I really enjoyed it”说明此处是感谢别人邀请“我”吃饭，作动词的宾语，用me，故选D。
普通不定代词
1.C【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“这间房子有四个卧室，有各自的浴室。”“那就是我想要的。我有几个孩子。”either任何一个(两者中)；neither都不(两者中)；each每一个(三者或三者以上)；none都不(三者或三者以上)。根据上句中的four bedrooms可排除A、B；结合答语中“I've got a few kids.”可知应是说四个卧室都带有浴室，故选C。
6.A【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意：我不明白你所说的。请你为我举例子好吗？another(指三者或三者以上中的)另外一个；other别的，其他的；others(＝other＋复数名词)别人，另外一些人(或物)。根据句意可知，因为我不明白你的话，所以希望你举另外一个例子。故选A。
7.B【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“在交通事故中谁受伤了？”“。”None没有一个，既可以指人，又可以指物，通常与表示范围的of短语连用；No one 没有人，只能指人，并且不能与of连用；Nothing什么也没有。根据语境选B。
复合不定代词
1.A【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉，关于它我知道。那是他们之间的秘密。nothing没有什么，具有否定的意味；something有事，某事，常用于肯定句中；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句中；everything一切，所有的事情或东西。联系后一句可知此处指我什么也不知道。故选A。
指示代词
4.C【解析】考查指示代词的用法。句意“中国的人口比印度的人口多。”“是的，但是印度的人口正在迅速增长。”此处指代“人口”，避免重复，故选C。
疑问代词
1.A【解析】考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意“你通常和 分享快乐？”“我的父母和最好的朋友。”Who谁；Whose谁的；What什么；How如何，怎样。根据答语“My parents and my best friend.”可知此处对人进行提问。故选A。
2.C【解析】考查疑问代词词义辨析。句意“昨晚你写信给？”“一个笔友。”根据答语可知此处表示“写信给某人”，故选C。
课件60张PPT。中考英语复习
——代词主格人称代词宾格名词性物主代词物主代词形容词性物主代词代词反身代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词相互代词关系代词连接代词相互代词关系代词结构图考点一 人称代词人称代词meusyouyouhimsheitthey1.主格在句中作主语。
We study English every day. 我们每天都学英语。
2.动词和介词后用宾格。
I teach them English. 我教他们英语。
Can you go with us？你能和我们一起去吗？3.it的用法。
①用作形式主语或形式宾语。
It is important for us to learn English well.
对我们来说学好英语很重要。
I found it important to learn English well.
我发现学好英语很重要。
②用于指时间、人、天气和距离等。
What time is it? It’ seven o’clock .
Who’s knocking at the door? It’s me.
It's cloudy today. 今天多云。
How far is it from your home to your school?
你家离学校多远？
③指代前面提到过的事物。
I have a new pen. It is very beautiful.
我有一支新钢笔，它很漂亮。④可代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语,也可用在某些固定句式中。
It’s+adj./n.（+for/of sb）+to do sth（it作形式主语）
sb find/think it+adj.+to do sth （it作形式宾语）
It’s time to do/for…
It’s one’s turn to…
It seems that…
Take it easy. （it用在固定句式中）【巧学妙记】 人称代词的主格和宾格
人称代词分两格，分为主格和宾格；
主格句中作主语，宾语用的是宾格；
句首、动前用主格，动后介后用宾格。【温馨提示】人称代词语序
单数人称代词并列作主语时用二、三、一 (you，he/she and I)
复数人称代词并列作主语时用一、二、三 (we，you and they)。
You, he and I are all good friends.
We, you and they like the same sport.
注意：在承认错误、担当责任时，把说话人I放在首位。【巧学妙记】 人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词并列现，排列顺序记心间；
单数形式二、三、一， ( You, he/she, I )
复数形式一、二、三；( we, you, they )
若把错误责任担，第一人称最当先。考点二 物主代词物主代词mineyourshisits1.形容词性物主代词：只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。
Is that your umbrella？
I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.
They are their books.2.名词性物主代词：相当于名词，可作主语，宾语或者表语。
(后面不可以跟名词)
This is your cup, but where is mine?
Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.3.“of + 名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。
A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.4．物主代词前不能有this，that，some，a，an，the等词修饰。如，不能说the/a/some/this/that my book。巧学妙记 （物主代词用法）
形物代词能力差，自己不能来当家；
句子当中作定语，后面要把名词加；
名物代词能力强，自己独来又独往；
句子成分主表宾，后面名词不能跟。考点三 反身代词 反身代词myselfyourselvesitselfthemselves1.作宾语
Tom taught himself Chinese.
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
2.作表语
She is not quite herself today.
3.作同位语,用来加强语气，表示“由自己，亲自”
I myself can repair the bike.4.固定搭配 for myself 亲自
by myself 单独地
enjoy oneself 玩的开心
cannot help oneself 不能自制
devote oneself to 致力于
behave oneself 规矩点
seat oneself 坐下
be oneself 处于正常状态
make oneself at home 不要客气
teach oneself 自学
dress oneself 自己穿衣服考点四 指示代词指示代词1.this/these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物，也可介绍别人；而that/those则指较远的人或物。
2.this常指后面要提到的事物，有启下的作用；而that则指代前面提到过的事物，有承上的作用。3.在打电话时，常用this代替“I”，用that代替“you”。
如： Hello! This is Tom speaking. Who’s that?
你好，我是汤姆。你是谁？it, one, that的用法区别考点五 不定代词普通不定代词不定代词1.肯定性不定代词both, all, many, much, one, other, each, another, either, a few, a little, 2. 否定性不定代词no, neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little 复合不定代词单数some-类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，any-类复合不定代词用在否定句或疑问句中。当some-类复合不定代词用于肯定句、疑问句和条件句时，表示肯定的意义；当any-类用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。1．some与any的区别：易混辨析2.few, a few, little, a little的区别：3.every与each的区别：4.“两者”与“三者(以上)”5. both，either，neither, none与all的区别 6. other，the other，others, the others与another的区别考点六 疑问代词考点六 疑问代词1. what意为“什么”，可单独使用，也可放在名词前。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
2.who和whom做代词时，都可以指代人，意为“谁”，who在句中一般用作主语，而whom只能作宾语。作动词的宾语时，who和whom可互相换用；但在介词后面作宾语时只能用whom。3. which用作代词时，可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，意为“哪一个，哪一些”，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语。
4.whose意为“谁的”，是who的所有格形式，既可作定语修饰名词，又可单独使用。在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。练一练
1．(2018·宿迁)—Excuse me，I want some books，but I can't find a bookshop here.
—I know________on my way home.Come with me，please.
A．this B．one C．it D．thatB 【点拨】one作代词，指代前文中提到的一类物品中的某一个。2．(2018·北京)My brother and I like football.______play it together once a week.
A．I B．They
C．We D．You
C 【点拨】句意：我的哥哥和我喜欢足球，我们每周一次在一块踢球。代指我的哥哥和我，故用第一人称复数。3.．(2018· 山西) In our lives，our parents give us love and warmth.In return，we should understand and care about ________．
A．us B．you C．themC 【点拨】考查代词。在我们的生活中，我们的父母给予我们爱与温暖。作为回报，我们应该理解并关心他们。根据语境，故选C。4．(2018·河北)Please come in，Alice.Welcome to ________ house.
A．her B．his
C．my D．yourC 【点拨】形容词性物主代词的辨析。句意： 请进来，艾丽斯。欢迎来我的家。四个选项都是形容词性物主代词，其不同在于适用于不同的人称。根据句意欢迎来到我的家，应选C。5．(2018·乐山)—The sunglasses on your desk are nice.Are they ________？
—Yes，I got them from my parents as a birthday present.
A．yours B．your C．yourselfA 【点拨】句意：——你桌子上的太阳镜很好看。它们是你的吗？——是的，我从父母那里得到的生日礼物。空格后面没有名词，需用名词性物主代词作表语；your是形容词性物主代词，yourself是反身代词，都可排除。根据句意，可知选A。6．(2018·天津)—She is too busy to help us finish the work.
—Let's do it________．
A．herself B．myself
C．itself D．ourselvesD 【点拨】本题考查反身代词。第一句：她太忙了，以至于不能帮我们完成工作，所以第二句要表达“我们自己做吧”，因此使用反身代词“我们自己”ourselves。7．(2018·重庆)Hua Chenyu is very popular among teenagers.He is also ________ favorite singer.
A．I B．me C．my D．mineC 【点拨】根据singer，修饰名词，故用形容词性物主代词。8．(2018·山西)Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet，and________is noisy.
A．another B．the other C．other D．othersB【点拨】句意：Catherine有两个表姐妹，一个安静，另一个吵闹。one…the other…表示：一个……另一个……，故选B。9．(2018·福建)—I tried many ways to solve the problem，but________of them worked.
—Never give up.You'll surely make it.
A．all B．none C．neitherB【点拨】句意：——我试了很多方法来解决这个问题，但是它们中没有一个有效。——别放弃，你一定会解决它的。A.all指三个或三个以上所有的，表示肯定；B.none指三个或在三个以上当中没有一个，表示否定；C.neither指两个都不，表示否定。根据句意及“many ways”可知选B。10．(2018·河南)As a child，I would sit for hours by the river doing________—simply daydreaming.
A ．nothing B．everything
C．something D．anythingA【点拨】本题考查复合不定代词，根据句意，作为一个孩子，我可以坐在河边数个小时什么都不做，只是做白日梦。什么都不做，所以应该是 do nothing。所以选A。11．(2018·黄冈)—Did Qingdao show ________ to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会)?
—Sure！Her beauty，high technology and rapid development.
A．something special B．anything special
C．special something D．special anythingB【点拨】句意：——青岛在上海合作组织峰会期间向世界展示了一些独特的事物吗？——当然！她的美丽，高科技和快速的发展。当形容词修饰不定代词时，位于不定代词的后面。故排除CD两项。something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句。此处是疑问句，故用anything special，故选B。谢谢21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
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