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第七讲 八年级上Units 4-6
choose v. → choice (n.)→chose (过去式）→chosen(过去分词） comfortable →(adj.)→comfortably (adv.)→uncomfortable (反义词） creative (adj.)→creativity(n.) perform (v.)→performer (表演者）名词→performance (表演）名词 magic (adj.) →magician (魔术师）名词 beautiful (adj.) →ugly（反义词）→beautifully (adv. ) educate v. →education (教育）名词→ educational (adj. ) discuss v. →discussion (n. ) success n. → successful (adj.) →succeed (v. ) able adj. →ability (n.)→disabled (adj.)丧失能力的 11.agree v. → disagree (反义词）→agreement (n. ) 12.begin (v.) →start (同义词）→end (反义词）→beginning (名词）→ending (名词的反义词） 13.appear (v.)→disappear(反义词） 14.act (v. ) →actor (n. )男演员→ actress (n.)女演员→active (adj. ) 15.lucky (adj.) →luck(n.)→luckily (adv.)→unlucky(反义词） 16.mean (v.) →meaning (n.)→meaningful (adj.)→meaningless(反义词） 17.serve (v.) →service (n.) 18.culture (n.)→cultural (adj.) 19.physics (n.)→physical (adj.) 20.science (n.) →scientist (n.)科学家→scientific (adj.)
哪家电影院最好？
What’s the best movie theater ?
才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。
Talent shows are getting more and more popular ?
那由你自己来决定。
That’s up to you to decide .
人们看这样的节目时，通常扮演着评判优胜者的角色。
When people watch the show , they usually play a role in deciding the winner .
然而，并不是每个人都喜欢看这些表演。
However , not everybody enjoys watching these shows .
因为我希望能弄清楚世界各地正在发生什么事情。
Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world .
然而，他总是准备好尽其所能。
However , he was always ready to try his best .
有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。
Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep .
考点1 stand v.
考向1：stand 作为动词，意为“站立”
eg: Stand up , please 请起立。
考向2：stand作为动词，还有“忍受”的意思，尤用于否定句和疑问句。其用法为stand sth/sb/doing sth .
eg :I can’t stand you anymore . 我再也无法忍受你了。
I can’t stand being kept waiting . 让我等着，我受不了。
考向3：stand相关词组
stand against 反对 They all stood against the proposal . 他们都反对这上提议。
stand by 支持，袖手旁观；准备行动 We’ll stand by you all the time . 我们会一直支持你。
stand for 代表，表示；主张 X often stands for an unknown number. X 经常代表一个未知的数字。
stand out 突出；显眼 Her talent stood out in comparison with others . 和别人相比，她的天赋很突出。
◆考点突破
[2018·湖北] In the middle of the film , a man next to her _____ (stand) up and looked for something .
【答案】stood
【解析】 此题采用逻辑推理法。and 连接两个并列的成分，由looked 可知是一般过去式。
考点2 happen v.
考向1:happen作为动词，意为“发生”，其过去式为happened , 常用短语如下：
happen to sb 发生在某人身上 A car accident happened to me last week . 上周我发生一场车祸。
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 I happened to see my aunt in the shopping mall last night . 昨晚我在购物中心碰巧遇到我的阿姨。
考向2：辨析happen /take place
相同点：都意为“发生”，都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。
不同点：
happen 指具体客观事件发生，有偶然性，未能预见。 When did the accident happen ? 事故什么时候发生的？
take place 尤指根据安排或计划发生，含有事先预料或计划的意思。 When will the wedding take place ?婚礼什么时候举行？
◆考点突破
2 （2018，四川）Can you tell me what happened _____him just now ?
A with B. for C. to D. at
【答案】C
【解析】 此题采用固定搭配法。happen to sb发生在某人身上。
考点3 expect v.
考向1：辨析 except , wish , hope , want
expept expect sth 期待某物 I never expected his coming /help. 我从期待他的到来/帮助。
expect (sb.) to do sth 期待（某人）做某事 We expect to hear from Jane . 我们期望着简的来信。 I expect you to give me a hand . 我期望你帮我一把。
expect+从句 He expected that he could get there on time . 他期望可以按时到那。
wish wish sb sth 祝愿某人某事 We wish you a happy New Year . 我们祝你新年快乐 。
wish (sb) to do sth 希望（某人）做某事 I wish you to go. 我希望你去。
wish+that从句，表示难以实现的愿望 I wish I could fly like a bird . 我希望我能像一只鸟一样飞。
hope hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to see you again . 我希望再次见到你。
hope +that 从句，表示可以实现的愿望 I hope he can do that . 我希望他能做那事。
want want to do sth 想要做某事 I want to be a teacher . 我想当一个老师。
want sb to do sth I want my daughter to be a teacher . 我想让我女儿成为一个教师。
考向2： unexpected adj. 意外的 unexpectedly adv. 意外地
◆考点突破
（2018，广东）----What are you going to do when you grow up ?
----A singer , but my parents wish me _____ a teacher .
A am B. to be C. will be D be
【答案】B
【解析】 此题采用固定搭配法。Wish sb to do sth “希望某人做某事”
(2018,浙江）----You look sad . What has happened ?
----Everyone _____ us to win the match , but we lost .
A expects B. expected C hopes D hoped
【答案】B
【解析】本题用结构分析法。expect sb to do sth “期待某人做某事；hope后不接“宾语+不定式”
考点4 famous adj.
考向: famous =well known , 辨析几种用法
be famous as... 作为...出名 Bruce Lee is famous as an actor . 李小龙作为演员出名。
be famous for ... 因为...出名 Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano . 郎郎因为弹钢琴出名。
be famous in ... 在...出名 Liu Qian is famous in China now . 刘谦现在在中国很出名。
be famous to ... 对...来说出名 The Palace Museum is famous to people in the world. 在世人眼中故宫中很出名。
◆考点突破
（2018，山东）Sanya is famous _______ its beautiful beaches .
A of B. for C. as
【答案】B
【解析】 此题采用固定搭配法。 be famous for “因...出名”。
（2018，成都）Our hometown is _____ for its food , pandas and places of interest .
【答案】famous
【解析】此题采用固定搭配法。be famous for “因...而出名”
考点5 send v.
考向1：把某物寄给某人可以说send sb sth 或send sth to sb .
eg : I sent him a card on Christmas Day . = I sent a card to him on Christmas Day. 在圣诞节我寄给他一张贺卡。
考向2： send 作不及物动词，构成的短语有：
send for 派人去请 She has a bad cold ; please send for a doctor . 她得了重感冒，去请个医生。
send off 发出，为...送行 We had a party to send off our friends . 我们举办聚会为我们的朋友送行。
send up 发射，发出 Many countries have sent up man-made satellites .许多国家已经发射人造卫星。
send out 发送，派遣，发出 The sun sends out light and heat . 太阳发出光和热。
其他常用词组：send in 递送；呈报
send back 送回；退还 send away 派遣；解雇；驱逐
◆考点突破
(2018,广西）His leg is seriously injured in the accident . _____ a doctor at once .
Ask for B. Send for C. Wait for D. Look for
【答案】B
【解析】此题采用词义辨析法。ask for 请求；send for 派人去请；wait for 等待；look for 寻找；
(2018,浙江）My husband always _____ me flowers every week before we got married , but now he never _____ .
A sends ; does B. sent ; does C. sent ; do
【答案】B
【解析】由语境before we got married 知应用send 的过去式。由but now 知应用一盘账般现在时且为了避免重复用does .
考点6 a lot of =lots of
eg: I have a lot of / lots of work to do 我有很多工作要做。
考向1： 辨析a lot of , many , much
a lot of 许多，后可接可数名词也可接不可数名词，用于肯句中。 As a doctor he earns a lot of money . 他当医生赚许多钱。 A lot of visitors were here. 许多参观者在这儿。
many许多， 修饰可数名词，既可用于肯定句中也可用于否定句中。 I don’t think many of my friends will go abroad in the end . 我认为我的许多朋友最后不会出国。
much许多，修饰不可数名词，既可用于肯定句也可用于否定句中。 The old man don’t have much money . 这位老人没有很多的钱。
考向2：a lot 很， 非常，常用作副词，主要用作状语，可修饰比较级。
eg : I am feeling a lot better now . 我现在觉得好多了。
◆考点突破
(2017,贵州）There are many books on the shelf .
A a few B. lots of C. a little D. a lot
【答案】B
【解析】此题采用替换法。Many和a lot of , lots of 一样，都可用天修饰可数名词复数。
考点7： meaning n.
考向1:What’s the meaning of ..? ...的意思是什么？
eg : What’s the meaning of this word ?这个单词是什么意思？
考向2： mean. V. 意思是
eg: What does this word mean ?这个单词是什么意思 ？
拓展：与mean作动词有关的用法有：
mean to do sth 打算做某事
eg : What do you mean to do with it ? 你打算怎么处理它？
②mean doing sth 意味着做某事
eg : Working hard means being successful . 努力工作意味着成功。
③What do you mean by ..?= What does ... mean ? 你认为...是什么意思？
eg : What do you mean by this word ?你说这话是什么意思 ？
◆考点突破
What does it mean ?(同义句转换）
_______ ______ _________ _______ it ?
【答案】What’s the meaning of
考点8 own adj./pron / v.
考向： own的用法
形容词 自己的，顺序；名词所有格或形容词物主代词+own+名词 It’s her own idea . 那是她自己的主意。
代词 特有的某物，of one’s own 某人自己的；on one’s own 独自 Children need toys of their own . 儿童需要有自己的玩具。 He lives on his own . 他独自过日子。
动词 vt. 拥有 Who owns this house ? 谁拥有这座房子？
vi./vt 承认，后常接to sth /to doing sth 也可以接从句。 She owns to having told a lie . 他承认撒谎了。
拓展 owner n. 拥有者，主人
eg : She is not the true owner of this house . 她不是这所房子的真正所有人。
◆考点突破
11 （2018，石家庄）They can wear ______ clothes .
A themselves B. they own C. their own
【答案】C
【解析】考查 own 有用法。 one’s own 某人自己的
12 （2017，浙江）Do you know who the o_______ of the garden ?
【答案】owner
【解析】the 后跟名词，own 的名词owner .
◆形容词和副词的最高级
形容词、副词的最高级的用法
形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事（物） 之间的比较。在句中使用时，形容词的最高极前一般要加定冠词 the , 副词的最高级前面可省去定冠词the .
形容词、副词的最高级的构成
规则变化
a.一般情况下，单音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，在原级后加-est构成最高级。
long→longest clever→cleverest fast→ fastest high→highest
b. 以不发音字母e结尾的，直接加-st构成最高级。
nice→nicest cute→cutest late →latest
c 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节形容词、副词，变y为i,再加-est构成最高极。
heavy→heaviest thin→thinnest hot → hottest
d 重读闭音节且词尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-est构成最高级。
big→ biggest thin→thinnest hot →hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，在原级前加most构成最高级。
creative →most creative popular →most popular quickly →most quickly
③由“动词+后缀-ed或-ing”构成的形容词，其最高级形式常在该形容词前加most .
interesting→most interesting boring → most boring
relaxed→most relaxed excited → most excited
④由“形容记号+后缀-ly”构成的副词，其最高级常在该副词前加most .
cheaply→most cheaply comfortably → most comfortably
不规则变化
有一部分形容词、副词的最高级变化没有规律，称为不规则变化，我们应牢记。
good /well →best bad /ill / badly →worst many/much→most little →least far →farthest /furthest old →oldest / eldest
3 最高级的常用句型
“主语+be+the +形容词最高级+in/of/among 短语“意为...是..中最...的”。
Tom is the tallest in his class / of all the students / among the students .
汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中/学生当中最高的。
“主语+实义动词（+the)+副词最高级+in/of/among 短语 “意为...是...中最...的”。
I jump (the) farthest in my class /of all the students /among the students .
我是我们班/所有学生当中/学生当中跳得最远的。
“主语+be+one of the +形容词最高级+复数可数名词+in/of/among短语”意为“...是...中最...的...之一”。
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China . 北京是中国最大的城市之一。
“疑问词+be +the + 形容词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？用于三者或三者以上的比较。
Which country is the largest , China , Brazil or Canada ?
哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
“疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+the)+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”
Which season do you like (the )best , spring , summer or autumn ?
你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天、夏天还是秋天？
◆考点突破
(2018,济南）Of all the subjects , English is _____ for me .
A interesting B. more interesting
C the most interesting D. much more interesting
【答案】C
【解析】由句中的of all the subjects (在所有科目当中）可知，用形容词的最高级，所以选C项。
◆动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式在句子中可以用主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
want, hope , decide , agree, choose, would like , plan , fail 等动词（短语）用动词不定式作宾语。 I decided to go to the countryside on vacation .我决定去农村度假。
know , ask, show, teach , guess , find out , understand ,等动词（短语）后可用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构 Please teach me how to play the piano . 请教我怎么弹钢琴。
like , love , begin , start 等动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式，意义上差别不大。 I like singing , but I don’t like to sing now . 我喜欢唱歌，但是现在我不想唱歌。
“find/think/feel+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语 I find it difficult to learn English . 我发现学英语很难。
拓展：stop,forget , remember ,try等动词后面既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式，但意义上有差别：stop to do sth 表示“停下来去做某事”；stop doing sth 表示“停止做某事”。forget to do sth 表示 “忘记做某事”（事情没有做）；forget doing sth 表示“忘记做过某事”（事情做过了）。remember to do sth 表示“记住做某事”（事情没有做）; remember doing sth 表示“记得做过某事”（事情做了）。 try to do sth 表示“设法做某事”；try doing sth 表示“尝试做某事”。
I’m tired . Let’s stop to have a rest . 我累了，让我们停下来休息一下吧。
It’s time for class . Stop talking 上课了， 别说话了。
Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave the room . 离开房间时，别忘了关上灯。
I forgot telling you that before . 我忘了以前已告诉过你这件事了。
We must remember to turn off the TV 我们一定要记住关上电视了。
I remembered sending you some stamps . 我记得给你寄了邮票了。
◆考点突破
2 (2017,天津）Remember _____ off the lights when you leave the classroom .
A turn B. to turn C. turning
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当你离开教室时，记住把灯关上。 表示“记住做某事”（事情并没有做）用remember to do sth .
3 （2018，浙江）You look too tired . Why not ______ a rest /
A stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
【答案】A
【解析】why not 后跟动词原形；stop to do sth 停下来去做某事， stop doing sth 停止做某事。 句意：你看起来太累了， 为什么不停下来休息一下呢？
◆be going to 的用法
“be going to +动词原形”表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow ,next year等时间状语或 when引导的时间状语从句连用。其各种句式变化借助be动词完成。be随主语有am, is , are 的变化，going to 后接动词原形。其句式如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 I’m going to see my friends this weekend. 我打算这个周末去看我的朋友。
否定句 主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他 I’m going to see my friends this weekend . 周末我不打算去看我的朋友。
一般疑问句 Be+主语+going to +动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be 否定回答：No, 主语+be not ----Are you going to see your friends this weekend ?这个周末你要去看你的朋友吧？ ----Yes, I am . 是的， 我打算去。 /No, I’m not 不， 我不打算去。
特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+going to +动词原形+其他？ When are you going to see your friends ?你打算什么时候去看你的朋友？
如果表示计划去某地，可直接用be going to +地点。
We are going to Beijing for a holiday . 我们打算去北京度假。
Jim is going to Shanghai by plane 吉姆打算坐飞机去上海。
表示位置移动的动词如go , come , leave 等常用进行时表示将来。
My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week . 我姑姑下周要去北京 。
be going to 与 will 的区别
对未来事情的预测用“will +动词原形”表达，will没有人称和数的变化。变否定句要在will后not , 也可用will和not的缩写形式won’t ; 变一般疑问句将will提至句首。
----Will planes be large in the future ?将来飞机会很大吗？
----Yes , they will / No, they won’t . 是的， 会很大/不， 不会的。
I think it will rain this evening . 我想今晚下雨。
will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情。 而be going to 指事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。
I believe Lucy will be a great doctor . 我相信露西会成为一名出色的攻生的。
陈述将来的某个事实用will.
I will be ten years old next year . 明年我就十岁了。
表示现在决定将来要做的事情用will.
I’m tired . I’ll go to bed . 我累了，我要睡觉了。
表示意愿用will.
I’ll tell you the truth . 我要告诉你真相。
表示计划、打算要做的事情用be going to , 而不用will .
I’m going to buy a computer this month . 这个月我打算买一台电脑。
◆考点突破
4（2018，重庆）---Let’s discuss the plan , shall we ?
----Not now . I _____ to an interview.
A go B. went C. am going D was going
【答案】C
【解析】句意：“我们讨论这个计划，好吗？”“现在不行。我要去参加一个面试。”根据句意可知是一般交来时，表示位移的动词go常用现在进行时表将来。故选C项。
一、选择题
1. The customers (顾客 )are pleased with the ____ of the restaurant .
A balance B. experience C. surface D. service
【答案】D
【解析】句意：顾客们对这家餐馆的服务满意。
2 ---I’m sorry I’m calling you so late .
---_____ .
A No problem B. You’re welcome C. That’s okay D. I’m all right .
【答案】A
【解析】结合上句语境“对不起，这么晚给你打电话”可推知此处为“没关系；没问题”，故选A。
3 _____ all the boys in his class . Tom is the shortest .
A In B. For C. From D. Of
【答案】D
【解析】本题中有all the boys ，故应用of.
4 The twins both like sports and music . They have some things _____ common .
A with B. at C. for D. in
【答案】D
【解析】have..in common 意为“有相同特征”
5 Tom is better than other students at ______ football .
A played B. to play C. play D. playing
【答案】D
【解析】be better at doing sth 意为“更擅长做某事”。
6 The supermarket is the ______ my home . I usually do some shopping in it .
A closest B. farthest C. closest to D. near
【答案】C
【解析】根据第二句句意“我通常在好里购物”可知“这家超市离我家最近”。be close to “离..近”，此处用最高级形式，故选C。
Our math teacher has a _____ voice . Everyone in class can hear him clearly .
A loud B. quiet C. low D. friendly
【答案】A
【解析】课堂上每个人都能听清，说明数学老师有个“大”嗓门。
8 He is a very _____ student . He does homework _____ in our class .
A careful ; carefully B. careful ; the most carefully
C carefully ; careful D. the most careful ; the most carefully
【答案】B
【解析】careful 作形容词，意为“细心的；认真的；小心的”；carefully 是careful的副词形式。由句中的连系动词is及very 可知第一个空格应填形容词的原级；第二个空格应填副词，修饰动词短语does homework , 又由句中的in our class 可知应用最高级形式the most carefully .
9 ----What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang’s Crazy English ?
---- I think it’s _____ , but someone thinks it’s much too _____ .
A creative enough ; bored B. enough creative ; boring
C creative enough ; boring D. enough creative ; bored
【答案】C
【解析】enough 与形容词连用时，enough要后置，排除B、D两项；结合答语中“但是有人认为它很无聊”知第二个空格应填boring
10 ______ is very important for us to learn more knowledge .
A it B. That C. This D. All
【答案】A
【解析】句意：对我们来亦多学些知识是非常重要的。to learn more knowledge 是句中真正的主语，it作形式主语。
11---- Excuse me , could you tell me how _____ to Beijing Zoo?
----Well , you may take Bus No. 65.
A get B gets C. getting D. to get
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。句中的疑问副词how放在不定式前构成一种特殊的不定式，故选D。 问句句意：对不起，打扰了，你能告诉我怎样到达北京动物园吗？
12 An accident happened _____him the other day .
A on B. to C of D. for
【答案】B
【解析】表示“某人发生某事”用sth happens to sb 结构
13 ----What do you think of her voice ?
---- It ______ very sweet . I should say.
A hears B. sounds C listens D. sings
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“你认为她的声音怎么样”“我应该说，它听起来很甜。”由对话可知，声音是“听起来”，故用sounds
14 We’re trying our best ______ toys away when we see our teacher .
A put B. putting C. to put D. puting
【答案】C
【解析】try one’s best to do sth 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”
15 ----What will the weather be like tomorrow ?
---- It _____ be rainy , cloudy or sunny . Who knows ?
A must B. might C. shall D. should
【答案】B
【解析】句意“明天的天气怎么样？”“也许下雨，也许多云，也许是晴天，谁知道呢？”must表示肯定推测，意为“一定”；might表示 “可能”；shall表示“将要”; should 表示“应该”。故选B 。
It’ s cold outside . Please put on _____ .
A warm something B. anything warm
C warm anything D. something warm
【答案】D
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，应将其置于不定代词之后，排除A、C两项；something 常用于肯定句中，anything 常用于疑问句或否定句中，故选D。
17 ----We’re going to Shanghai for our holidays . _____ .
---- Me , too.
A How about you ? B How are you ?
C Thank you D How do you do ?
【答案】A
【解析】询问对方的相关情况用：What about you ?或How about you ?
18 Lin Hui thinks she can learn a lot _____ talk shows .
A from B. about C of D. on
【答案】A
【解析】learn ...from 意为 “从...获得...”,故选 A。
19 ----What do you think of _____?
---- I don’t mind it .
A to watch TV B. watching TV C. watch TV D watched TV
【答案】B
【解析】“What do you think of ..?”句型，意为“你认为...怎么样？”，of 为介词，后跟v-ing 形式，故选B。
20 His uncle is a ______ man and he hardly talks to other people .
A funny B. interesting C. great D. serious
【答案】D
【解析】funny “有趣的，滑稽的”；interesting “有趣的”；great “好的，伟大的”；serious “严肃的”。由空格前冠词a可排除B项；由“他很少和他人讲话”可推右他叔叔是一个很严肃的人。
21 My uncle is a _____ and the food that he makes is very nice .
A cook B. violinist C. artist D. doctor
【答案】A
【解析】由“他做的食物很好吃”可推知，叔叔是一位厨师，故选A。
Don’t _____ about me . I can take care of myself .
A worry B. look C. talk D. listen
【答案】A
【解析】该句中意为“不要担心我， 我能照顾好自己。”表示“担心”用worry about .
23 She’s going to take _______ lessons because she wants to be an actress .
A music B. acting C. dancing D. basketball
【答案】B
【解析】根据下文she wants to be an actress 她想成为一名女演员，可知上文应为“她打算上表演课.”
24 The piano music ____ very beautiful and I like it .
A tastes B. looks C. sounds D. touches
【答案】C
【解析】该句句意为“这首钢琴曲听起来很好听，我喜欢它”。钢琴曲应是“听起来”好听，故用系动词sound,选C。
25 When Jack was a small boy , he was able to _____ the piano and the violin
A playing B. played C. plays D. play
【答案】D
【解析】be able to 意为“能”，其后接动词原形。
Well , my grandpa promised ______ a new computer next month .
A to buy B. buying C. bought D. buys
【答案】A
【解析】promise 意为“承诺”，常用于promise to do sth 结构，意为“答应做某事”
27 I hated Mary . She kept on _____ in English class .
A talking B. talk C. singing D. sang
【答案】A
【解析】keep on 意为“不断地”，其后接动词的-ing形式。
28 This singer practices _____ in the garden every morning .
A sing B. to sing C singing D. sang
【答案】C
【解析】practice 意为“练习”，其后接动词的-ing形式。
29 Do you want _____ an English teacher when you’re older ?
A is B. to be C. am D. are
【答案】B
【解析】want to be..意为“想要成为...”.
30 Oh, his elder sister says she is going to a nurse when she _____ .
A looks up B grows up C. walks up D. eats up
【答案】B
【解析】该句句意为“哦，他姐姐说她长大后要当一名护士”。有“长大”之意的是grow up .
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第七讲 八年级上Units 4-6
choose v. →______ (n.)→_____ (过去式）→_____(过去分词） comfortable →(adj.)→______ (adv.)→__________(反义词） creative (adj.)→________(n.) perform (v.)→_______(表演者）名词→________ (表演）名词 magic (adj.) →________ (魔术师）名词 beautiful (adj.) →______（反义词）→________(adv. ) educate v. →________ (教育）名词→ _________(adj. ) discuss v. →_________ (n. ) success n. →________(adj.) →_________ (v. ) able adj. →___________ (n.)→________ (adj.)丧失能力的 11.agree v. → ________(反义词）→_________(n. ) 12.begin (v.) →_______ (同义词）→______(反义词）→________ (名词）→_______(名词的反义词） 13.appear (v.)→_______(反义词） 14.act (v. ) →_______ (n. )男演员→_______ (n.)女演员→________(adj. ) 15.lucky (adj.) →____(n.)→_____ (adv.)→________(反义词） 16.mean (v.) →___________ (n.)→_________(adj.)→____________(反义词） 17.serve (v.) →________ (n.) 18.culture (n.)→________(adj.) 19.physics (n.)→________ (adj.) 20.science (n.) →_______ (n.)科学家→_________ (adj.)
哪家电影院最好？
________________movie theater ?
才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。
Talent shows are ______________________
那由你自己来决定。
That’s _________________ .
人们看这样的节目时，通常扮演着评判优胜者的角色。
When people watch the show , they usually_______________the winner .
然而，并不是每个人都喜欢看这些表演。
However , ______________ enjoys watching these shows .
因为我希望能弄清楚世界各地正在发生什么事情。
Because I____________what’s going on around the world .
然而，他总是准备好尽其所能。
However , he was __________________.
有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。
Sometimes the resolutions may be________________ keep .
考点1 stand v.
考向1：stand 作为动词，意为“站立”
eg: Stand up , please 请起立。
考向2：stand作为动词，还有“忍受”的意思，尤用于否定句和疑问句。其用法为stand sth/sb/doing sth .
eg :I can’t stand you anymore . 我再也无法忍受你了。
I can’t stand being kept waiting . 让我等着，我受不了。
考向3：stand相关词组
stand against 反对 They all stood against the proposal . 他们都反对这上提议。
stand by 支持，袖手旁观；准备行动 We’ll stand by you all the time . 我们会一直支持你。
stand for 代表，表示；主张 X often stands for an unknown number. X 经常代表一个未知的数字。
stand out 突出；显眼 Her talent stood out in comparison with others . 和别人相比，她的天赋很突出。
◆考点突破
[2018·湖北] In the middle of the film , a man next to her _____ (stand) up and looked for something .
考点2 happen v.
考向1:happen作为动词，意为“发生”，其过去式为happened , 常用短语如下：
happen to sb 发生在某人身上 A car accident happened to me last week . 上周我发生一场车祸。
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 I happened to see my aunt in the shopping mall last night . 昨晚我在购物中心碰巧遇到我的阿姨。
考向2：辨析happen /take place
相同点：都意为“发生”，都为不及物动词，都不可用于被动语态。
不同点：
happen 指具体客观事件发生，有偶然性，未能预见。 When did the accident happen ? 事故什么时候发生的？
take place 尤指根据安排或计划发生，含有事先预料或计划的意思。 When will the wedding take place ?婚礼什么时候举行？
◆考点突破
2 （2018，四川）Can you tell me what happened _____him just now ?
A with B. for C. to D. at
考点3 expect v.
考向1：辨析 except , wish , hope , want
expect expect sth 期待某物 I never expected his coming /help. 我从期待他的到来/帮助。
expect (sb.) to do sth 期待（某人）做某事 We expect to hear from Jane . 我们期望着简的来信。 I expect you to give me a hand . 我期望你帮我一把。
expect+从句 He expected that he could get there on time . 他期望可以按时到那。
wish wish sb sth 祝愿某人某事 We wish you a happy New Year . 我们祝你新年快乐 。
wish (sb) to do sth 希望（某人）做某事 I wish you to go. 我希望你去。
wish+that从句，表示难以实现的愿望 I wish I could fly like a bird . 我希望我能像一只鸟一样飞。
hope hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to see you again . 我希望再次见到你。
hope +that 从句，表示可以实现的愿望 I hope he can do that . 我希望他能做那事。
want want to do sth 想要做某事 I want to be a teacher . 我想当一个老师。
want sb to do sth I want my daughter to be a teacher . 我想让我女儿成为一个教师。
考向2： unexpected adj. 意外的 unexpectedly adv. 意外地
◆考点突破
（2018，广东）----What are you going to do when you grow up ?
----A singer , but my parents wish me _____ a teacher .
A am B. to be C. will be D be
(2018,浙江）----You look sad . What has happened ?
----Everyone _____ us to win the match , but we lost .
A expects B. expected C hopes D hoped
考点4 famous adj.
考向: famous =well known , 辨析几种用法
be famous as... 作为...出名 Bruce Lee is famous as an actor . 李小龙作为演员出名。
be famous for ... 因为...出名 Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano . 郎郎因为弹钢琴出名。
be famous in ... 在...出名 Liu Qian is famous in China now . 刘谦现在在中国很出名。
be famous to ... 对...来说出名 The Palace Museum is famous to people in the world. 在世人眼中故宫中很出名。
◆考点突破
（2018，山东）Sanya is famous _______ its beautiful beaches .
A of B. for C. as
（2018，成都）Our hometown is _____ for its food , pandas and places of interest .
考点5 send v.
考向1：把某物寄给某人可以说send sb sth 或send sth to sb .
eg : I sent him a card on Christmas Day . = I sent a card to him on Christmas Day. 在圣诞节我寄给他一张贺卡。
考向2： send 作不及物动词，构成的短语有：
send for 派人去请 She has a bad cold ; please send for a doctor . 她得了重感冒，去请个医生。
send off 发出，为...送行 We had a party to send off our friends . 我们举办聚会为我们的朋友送行。
send up 发射，发出 Many countries have sent up man-made satellites .许多国家已经发射人造卫星。
send out 发送，派遣，发出 The sun sends out light and heat . 太阳发出光和热。
其他常用词组：send in 递送；呈报
send back 送回；退还 send away 派遣；解雇；驱逐
◆考点突破
(2018,广西）His leg is seriously injured in the accident . _____ a doctor at once .
Ask for B. Send for C. Wait for D. Look for
(2018,浙江）My husband always _____ me flowers every week before we got married , but now he never _____ .
A sends ; does B. sent ; does C. sent ; do
考点6 a lot of =lots of
eg: I have a lot of / lots of work to do 我有很多工作要做。
考向1： 辨析a lot of , many , much
a lot of 许多，后可接可数名词也可接不可数名词，用于肯句中。 As a doctor he earns a lot of money . 他当医生赚许多钱。 A lot of visitors were here. 许多参观者在这儿。
many许多， 修饰可数名词，既可用于肯定句中也可用于否定句中。 I don’t think many of my friends will go abroad in the end . 我认为我的许多朋友最后不会出国。
much许多，修饰不可数名词，既可用于肯定句也可用于否定句中。 The old man don’t have much money . 这位老人没有很多的钱。
考向2：a lot 很， 非常，常用作副词，主要用作状语，可修饰比较级。
eg : I am feeling a lot better now . 我现在觉得好多了。
◆考点突破
(2017,贵州）There are many books on the shelf .
A a few B. lots of C. a little D. a lot
考点7： meaning n.
考向1:What’s the meaning of ..? ...的意思是什么？
eg : What’s the meaning of this word ?这个单词是什么意思？
考向2： mean. V. 意思是
eg: What does this word mean ?这个单词是什么意思 ？
拓展：与mean作动词有关的用法有：
mean to do sth 打算做某事
eg : What do you mean to do with it ? 你打算怎么处理它？
②mean doing sth 意味着做某事
eg : Working hard means being successful . 努力工作意味着成功。
③What do you mean by ..?= What does ... mean ? 你认为...是什么意思？
eg : What do you mean by this word ?你说这话是什么意思 ？
◆考点突破
What does it mean ?(同义句转换）
_______ ______ _________ _______ it ?
考点8 own adj./pron / v.
考向： own的用法
形容词 自己的，顺序；名词所有格或形容词物主代词+own+名词 It’s her own idea . 那是她自己的主意。
代词 特有的某物，of one’s own 某人自己的；on one’s own 独自 Children need toys of their own . 儿童需要有自己的玩具。 He lives on his own . 他独自过日子。
动词 vt. 拥有 Who owns this house ? 谁拥有这座房子？
vi./vt 承认，后常接to sth /to doing sth 也可以接从句。 She owns to having told a lie . 他承认撒谎了。
拓展 owner n. 拥有者，主人
eg : She is not the true owner of this house . 她不是这所房子的真正所有人。
◆考点突破
11 （2018，石家庄）They can wear ______ clothes .
A themselves B. they own C. their own
12 （2017，浙江）Do you know who the o_______ of the garden ?
◆形容词和副词的最高级
形容词、副词的最高级的用法
形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事（物） 之间的比较。在句中使用时，形容词的最高极前一般要加定冠词 the , 副词的最高级前面可省去定冠词the .
形容词、副词的最高级的构成
规则变化
a.一般情况下，单音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，在原级后加-est构成最高级。
long→longest clever→cleverest fast→ fastest high→highest
b. 以不发音字母e结尾的，直接加-st构成最高级。
nice→nicest cute→cutest late →latest
c 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节形容词、副词，变y为i,再加-est构成最高极。
heavy→heaviest thin→thinnest hot → hottest
d 重读闭音节且词尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-est构成最高级。
big→ biggest thin→thinnest hot →hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词、副词，在原级前加most构成最高级。
creative →most creative popular →most popular quickly →most quickly
③由“动词+后缀-ed或-ing”构成的形容词，其最高级形式常在该形容词前加most .
interesting→most interesting boring → most boring
relaxed→most relaxed excited → most excited
④由“形容记号+后缀-ly”构成的副词，其最高级常在该副词前加most .
cheaply→most cheaply comfortably → most comfortably
不规则变化
有一部分形容词、副词的最高级变化没有规律，称为不规则变化，我们应牢记。
good /well →best bad /ill / badly →worst many/much→most little →least far →farthest /furthest old →oldest / eldest
3 最高级的常用句型
“主语+be+the +形容词最高级+in/of/among 短语“意为...是..中最...的”。
Tom is the tallest in his class / of all the students / among the students .
汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中/学生当中最高的。
“主语+实义动词（+the)+副词最高级+in/of/among 短语 “意为...是...中最...的”。
I jump (the) farthest in my class /of all the students /among the students .
我是我们班/所有学生当中/学生当中跳得最远的。
“主语+be+one of the +形容词最高级+复数可数名词+in/of/among短语”意为“...是...中最...的...之一”。
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China . 北京是中国最大的城市之一。
“疑问词+be +the + 形容词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？用于三者或三者以上的比较。
Which country is the largest , China , Brazil or Canada ?
哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
“疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+the)+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”
Which season do you like (the )best , spring , summer or autumn ?
你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天、夏天还是秋天？
◆考点突破
(2018,济南）Of all the subjects , English is _____ for me .
A interesting B. more interesting
C the most interesting D. much more interesting
◆动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式在句子中可以用主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
want, hope , decide , agree, choose, would like , plan , fail 等动词（短语）用动词不定式作宾语。 I decided to go to the countryside on vacation .我决定去农村度假。
know , ask, show, teach , guess , find out , understand ,等动词（短语）后可用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构 Please teach me how to play the piano . 请教我怎么弹钢琴。
like , love , begin , start 等动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式，意义上差别不大。 I like singing , but I don’t like to sing now . 我喜欢唱歌，但是现在我不想唱歌。
“find/think/feel+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语 I find it difficult to learn English . 我发现学英语很难。
拓展：stop,forget , remember ,try等动词后面既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式，但意义上有差别：stop to do sth 表示“停下来去做某事”；stop doing sth 表示“停止做某事”。forget to do sth 表示 “忘记做某事”（事情没有做）；forget doing sth 表示“忘记做过某事”（事情做过了）。remember to do sth 表示“记住做某事”（事情没有做）; remember doing sth 表示“记得做过某事”（事情做了）。 try to do sth 表示“设法做某事”；try doing sth 表示“尝试做某事”。
I’m tired . Let’s stop to have a rest . 我累了，让我们停下来休息一下吧。
It’s time for class . Stop talking 上课了， 别说话了。
Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave the room . 离开房间时，别忘了关上灯。
I forgot telling you that before . 我忘了以前已告诉过你这件事了。
We must remember to turn off the TV 我们一定要记住关上电视了。
I remembered sending you some stamps . 我记得给你寄了邮票了。
◆考点突破
2 (2017,天津）Remember _____ off the lights when you leave the classroom .
A turn B. to turn C. turning
3 （2018，浙江）You look too tired . Why not ______ a rest /
A stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
◆be going to 的用法
“be going to +动词原形”表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow ,next year等时间状语或 when引导的时间状语从句连用。其各种句式变化借助be动词完成。be随主语有am, is , are 的变化，going to 后接动词原形。其句式如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to +动词原形+其他 I’m going to see my friends this weekend. 我打算这个周末去看我的朋友。
否定句 主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他 I’m going to see my friends this weekend . 周末我不打算去看我的朋友。
一般疑问句 Be+主语+going to +动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be 否定回答：No, 主语+be not ----Are you going to see your friends this weekend ?这个周末你要去看你的朋友吧？ ----Yes, I am . 是的， 我打算去。 /No, I’m not 不， 我不打算去。
特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+going to +动词原形+其他？ When are you going to see your friends ?你打算什么时候去看你的朋友？
如果表示计划去某地，可直接用be going to +地点。
We are going to Beijing for a holiday . 我们打算去北京度假。
Jim is going to Shanghai by plane 吉姆打算坐飞机去上海。
表示位置移动的动词如go , come , leave 等常用进行时表示将来。
My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week . 我姑姑下周要去北京 。
be going to 与 will 的区别
对未来事情的预测用“will +动词原形”表达，will没有人称和数的变化。变否定句要在will后not , 也可用will和not的缩写形式won’t ; 变一般疑问句将will提至句首。
----Will planes be large in the future ?将来飞机会很大吗？
----Yes , they will / No, they won’t . 是的， 会很大/不， 不会的。
I think it will rain this evening . 我想今晚下雨。
will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情。 而be going to 指事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。
I believe Lucy will be a great doctor . 我相信露西会成为一名出色的攻生的。
陈述将来的某个事实用will.
I will be ten years old next year . 明年我就十岁了。
表示现在决定将来要做的事情用will.
I’m tired . I’ll go to bed . 我累了，我要睡觉了。
表示意愿用will.
I’ll tell you the truth . 我要告诉你真相。
表示计划、打算要做的事情用be going to , 而不用will .
I’m going to buy a computer this month . 这个月我打算买一台电脑。
◆考点突破
4（2018，重庆）---Let’s discuss the plan , shall we ?
----Not now . I _____ to an interview.
A go B. went C. am going D was going
一、选择题
1. The customers (顾客 )are pleased with the ____ of the restaurant .
A balance B. experience C. surface D. service
2 ---I’m sorry I’m calling you so late .
---_____ .
A No problem B. You’re welcome C. That’s okay D. I’m all right .
3 _____ all the boys in his class . Tom is the shortest .
A In B. For C. From D. Of
4 The twins both like sports and music . They have some things _____ common .
A with B. at C. for D. in
5 Tom is better than other students at ______ football .
A played B. to play C. play D. playing
6 The supermarket is the ______ my home . I usually do some shopping in it .
A closest B. farthest C. closest to D. near
Our math teacher has a _____ voice . Everyone in class can hear him clearly .
A loud B. quiet C. low D. friendly
8 He is a very _____ student . He does homework _____ in our class .
A careful ; carefully B. careful ; the most carefully
C carefully ; careful D. the most careful ; the most carefully
9 ----What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang’s Crazy English ?
---- I think it’s _____ , but someone thinks it’s much too _____ .
A creative enough ; bored B. enough creative ; boring
C creative enough ; boring D. enough creative ; bored
10 ______ is very important for us to learn more knowledge .
A it B. That C. This D. All
11---- Excuse me , could you tell me how _____ to Beijing Zoo?
----Well , you may take Bus No. 65.
A get B gets C. getting D. to get
12 An accident happened _____him the other day .
A on B. to C of D. for
13 ----What do you think of her voice ?
---- It ______ very sweet . I should say.
A hears B. sounds C listens D. sings
14 We’re trying our best ______ toys away when we see our teacher .
A put B. putting C. to put D. puting
15 ----What will the weather be like tomorrow ?
---- It _____ be rainy , cloudy or sunny . Who knows ?
A must B. might C. shall D. should
It’ s cold outside . Please put on _____ .
A warm something B. anything warm
C warm anything D. something warm
17 ----We’re going to Shanghai for our holidays . _____ .
---- Me , too.
A How about you ? B How are you ?
C Thank you D How do you do ?
18 Lin Hui thinks she can learn a lot _____ talk shows .
A from B. about C of D. on
19 ----What do you think of _____?
---- I don’t mind it .
A to watch TV B. watching TV C. watch TV D watched TV
20 His uncle is a ______ man and he hardly talks to other people .
A funny B. interesting C. great D. serious
21 My uncle is a _____ and the food that he makes is very nice .
A cook B. violinist C. artist D. doctor
Don’t _____ about me . I can take care of myself .
A worry B. look C. talk D. listen
23 She’s going to take _______ lessons because she wants to be an actress .
A music B. acting C. dancing D. basketball
24 The piano music ____ very beautiful and I like it .
A tastes B. looks C. sounds D. touches
25 When Jack was a small boy , he was able to _____ the piano and the violin
A playing B. played C. plays D. play
Well , my grandpa promised ______ a new computer next month .
A to buy B. buying C. bought D. buys
27 I hated Mary . She kept on _____ in English class .
A talking B. talk C. singing D. sang
28 This singer practices _____ in the garden every morning .
A sing B. to sing C singing D. sang
29 Do you want _____ an English teacher when you’re older ?
A is B. to be C. am D. are
30 Oh, his elder sister says she is going to a nurse when she _____ .
A looks up B grows up C. walks up D. eats up
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