英语二轮高频考点剖析学案专题二 2019冠词的辨析 解析版 +原卷版

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名称 英语二轮高频考点剖析学案专题二 2019冠词的辨析 解析版 +原卷版
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更新时间 2019-02-16 07:41:26

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专题二 2019冠词的辨析
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
冠词是中考的常考点也是必考点,主要考查不定冠词a与an的辨析、不定冠词a(n)与定冠词the的辨析、名词前不用冠词的情况。
高频考点一:不定冠词a与an的辨析
(1)a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;
(2)an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
[助记]不看字母看音素,不见原因元音)别施恩(n)。
高频考点二:不定冠词a(n)与定冠词the的辨析
做好此类题的关键是判断其后的
名词是泛指还是特指。表泛指用不定
冠词;表特指用定冠词。
高频考点三:名词前不用冠词的情况
1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词
3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词
4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词
5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词
6.名词前已有物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
7.在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:不定冠词a和an的区别及其用法
1.不定冠词a和an的区别
a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前,an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的单词前。判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音而不是根据其字母。
不定冠词a/an的用法
用来泛指某一类人、事或物相当于any。
用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。
表示数量,相当于one或each。
表示“每一”,相当于every.用在序数词前,表示“又一”,“再一”
用在such,quite、rather、half、what等词之后。
【例1】(  )1. (2018上海)The teenagers had ________ good time in the summer camp in their sister school.
A. a      B. an    C. the    D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:这些青少年们在他们的(姐)妹学校夏令营时,玩得很开心。此处考查固定句型have a good time,表示“玩得开心”,故选A。
【答案】A
【例2】(  )2. (2018重庆B卷)Ciqikou is ________ famous place in Chongqing.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】A
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:磁器口是重庆一个著名的地方。 a表泛指,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an表泛指,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指或用在西洋乐器前;零冠词有特殊用法。根据语境可知本句中泛指重庆任何一个著名的地方,故用不定冠词。famous是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词a,故选A。
【答案】A
【例3】(  )3. (2018陕西)Yesterday I saw ________ film. It moved me deeply.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:昨天,我看了一部电影。它深深地感动了我。此处泛指一部电影,且film首字母发音是辅音音素,故选A。
【答案】A
高频考点剖析二:定冠词the的用法
定冠词the的用法口诀
特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾,海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山,
方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关,船名建筑组织,会议条约与报刊,
姓氏复数,国全名,请你记住用定冠
【例4】(  )14. (2018河南)—Kate, are you ________ only child in your family?
—Yes, but ________ new baby is on the way.
A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意“凯特, 你是你家里唯一的孩子吗?”“是的,但是一个新生儿即将出生。”表示“同一(same)”或“唯一(only)”的词前用定冠词the;根据句意可知第二个空格表示泛指,应用不定冠词,单词new以辅音音素开头,故第二个空格填a。故选C。
【答案】C
【例5】(  )15. (2018连云港)—Dong Guijun is ________ first man of Lianyungang to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma.
—He is ________ pride of us.
the; / B. a; the C. the; the D. a; /
【解析】考查定冠词the。句意“董贵军是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的连云港人。”“他是我们的骄傲。”序数词前要使用定冠词the,排除B和D。答语中表示特指,也用定冠词。故选C。
【答案】C
【例6】(  )13. (2018天津)Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:天津是中国北部一座美丽的城市。第一空表示泛指,beautiful是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a,“in the north of...在……的北部”,是固定结构,故选B。
【答案】B
高频考点三:零冠词的基本用法
零冠词用法口诀:
代词限定词前,球类学科和三餐;专有名词不可数,星期月份季节前;
复数名词表泛指,颜色游戏和感官;交通手段和节日,习俗称谓和头衔。
【例7】(  )7. (2018哈尔滨)Boys and girls, keep calm and be confident. I am sure all of you are ________ excellent students.
A. an     B. a        C. /
【解析】考查零冠词。句意:孩子们,保持冷静和自信。我相信你们都是极好的学生。由students复数可知不用an/a修饰。故选C。
【答案】C
考点过关☆专项突破
类型一:定冠词a或an的用法
(  )1. (2018成都)To be ________ good dancer, you need to learn more.
A. the     B. a        C. an
(  )2. (2018兰州)Cheer up! You will get ________ A in the listening test.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
(  )3. (2018福州)—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—Some bread, ________ egg and a glass of milk.
A. a     B. an        C. the
(  )4. (2018湘潭)Giving and receiving “hongbao” on WeChat(微信) is ________ new way to express thanks, love and friendship.
A. a     B. an        C. the
(  )5. (2018绥化)“Running Man” is ________ very popular TV program in China.
A. /     B. a        C. the
(  )6. (2018漳州)There's ________ umbrella behind the door. It's made of silk.
A. a     B. an        C. the
(  )7.【2017?山东济南】—I have________ old bike. I can give away to a children's home. —That's good.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
(  )8.【2017?福建福州】There is ______ “l” in the word “close”.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
(  )9.【2017?陕西咸阳】There is ________ “u” and _______ “r” in the word “ four”.
A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
(  )10.【2017?江苏苏州】—Look! Who is ______ boy in front of the teaching building?
—Oh, he’s Ben. He’s ______ honest boy.
A. a; an B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an
类型二:定冠词the的用法
(  )1. (2018新疆建设兵团)We usually have three meals ________ day. We have ________ breakfast at eight in the morning every day.
A. a; the B. a; a C. a; / D. /; the
(  )2. (2018呼和浩特)—What can I do for you, sir?
—I want ________ iPhone 6S plus for my wife as ________ useful gift.
A. an; a B. a; an C. an; the D. a; a
(  )3. (2018滨州)In Chinese, ________ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation to “I love you ”, making it ________ lucky and romantic day.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. a; /
(  )4. (2018达州)—Look!Who's ________ girl under the tree?
—Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is ________ honest girl.
A. the; an B. a; the C. the; a D. an; the
(  )5.【2017?四川达州】-Mr. Lin is a kind man and he’s ready to help ______ weak in trouble.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
(  )6.Some animals, like ____ cat, ____ dog or ____ wolf,do not need to hibernate.
A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /
(  )7.—Jim is ________ American boy, right? —Yes. He's from ________ United States.
A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a D. an; a
(  )8.Mr. Lin is a kind man and he’s ready to help ______ weak in trouble.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
(  )9.—Did you do well in____English exam last week?—Yes,I got____“A”.
A. an; the B. the; an C. a;/ D. the;a
(  )10.Some animals, like ____ cat, ____ dog or ____ wolf,do not need to hibernate,
A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /
类型三:零冠词的用法
(  )1. (2018十堰)—Mary, who's the man over there?
—He's my uncle, ________ English teacher.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
(  )2. (2018天水)—My father often goes to work on ________ foot.
—It is good for health. But my father drives ________ car.
A. the; the B. /; an C. /; the D. the; /
(  )3.【2015?湖南郴州】____monkey can climb____trees.
A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /
(  )4.【2017?江西九江】—My son seldom has ________ breakfast.
—It is ________ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it.
A. /; an B. the; an C. /; a D. the; a
(  )5.【2017?山西太原】Yesterday, my flat had power cut, so my family just had different salads for supper.
A. the; the B. a; / C. the; / D. a; a
(  )6.【2017?河南洛阳】-Could you come and __________ with me?
-Sorry. I must help my father with his work.
A. play soccer B. play the soccer C. playing soccer D. to play the soccer
(  )7.【2017?湖南长沙】Have you had ______breadfast ?----No. not yet.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
(  )8.【2017?湖北黄石】-Tom has curly hair.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
(  )9.【2017?山东泰安】-Could you come and __________ with me?
-Sorry. I must help my father with his work.
A. play soccer B. play the soccer C. playing soccer D. to play the soccer
(  )10.【2017?四川南充】He plays________ tennis with his friends every day after school.
A. the B. / C. of D. with
考点延伸☆强化训练
【2017?江西南昌】完形填空
We should remember that we all learned our own language well when we were children. If we could learn ___1___ second language in ___2____ same way, it would not seem so ___3___. Think of what a small child does. It listens to what people say and tries ______ 4______ what it hears. When it wants something, it has to ask ___5___ it. It is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time. If people ___6___ use a second language all the time, they would learn it quickly. We learn our own language ___7___ hearing people speak it, not by seeing what they write. We imitate ___8___ what we hear. In school, though you learn to read and write ___9___ to hear and speak, it is the best way ___10___ all the new words through the ear. You can read them,speak them,and write them later.
( )1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )2. A. / B. the C. a D. an
( )3. A. easy B. fast C. simple D. difficult
( )4. A. imitate B. imitating C. to imitate D. imitated
( )5. A. of B. for C. after D. about
( )6. A. could B. should C. would D. had to
( )7. A. of B. by C. on D. with
( )8. A. what B. when C. where D. how
( )9. A. and B. but C. as well as D. as long as
( )10. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
专题二 2019冠词的辨析
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
冠词是中考的常考点也是必考点,主要考查不定冠词a与an的辨析、不定冠词a(n)与定冠词the的辨析、名词前不用冠词的情况。
高频考点一:不定冠词a与an的辨析
(1)a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;
(2)an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
[助记]不看字母看音素,不见原因元音)别施恩(n)。
高频考点二:不定冠词a(n)与定冠词the的辨析
做好此类题的关键是判断其后的
名词是泛指还是特指。表泛指用不定
冠词;表特指用定冠词。
高频考点三:名词前不用冠词的情况
1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词
3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词
4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词
5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词
6.名词前已有物主代词(my,your,his,her等)、指示代词(this/these,that/those)、不定代词(some,any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词
7.在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:不定冠词a和an的区别及其用法
1.不定冠词a和an的区别
a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前,an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的单词前。判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音而不是根据其字母。
不定冠词a/an的用法
用来泛指某一类人、事或物相当于any。
用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前。
表示数量,相当于one或each。
表示“每一”,相当于every.用在序数词前,表示“又一”,“再一”
用在such,quite、rather、half、what等词之后。
【例1】(  )1. (2018上海)The teenagers had ________ good time in the summer camp in their sister school.
A. a      B. an    C. the    D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:这些青少年们在他们的(姐)妹学校夏令营时,玩得很开心。此处考查固定句型have a good time,表示“玩得开心”,故选A。
【答案】A
【例2】(  )2. (2018重庆B卷)Ciqikou is ________ famous place in Chongqing.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】A
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:磁器口是重庆一个著名的地方。 a表泛指,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an表泛指,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指或用在西洋乐器前;零冠词有特殊用法。根据语境可知本句中泛指重庆任何一个著名的地方,故用不定冠词。famous是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词a,故选A。
【答案】A
【例3】(  )3. (2018陕西)Yesterday I saw ________ film. It moved me deeply.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:昨天,我看了一部电影。它深深地感动了我。此处泛指一部电影,且film首字母发音是辅音音素,故选A。
【答案】A
高频考点剖析二:定冠词the的用法
定冠词the的用法口诀
特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾,海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山,
方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关,船名建筑组织,会议条约与报刊,
姓氏复数,国全名,请你记住用定冠
【例4】(  )14. (2018河南)—Kate, are you ________ only child in your family?
—Yes, but ________ new baby is on the way.
A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意“凯特, 你是你家里唯一的孩子吗?”“是的,但是一个新生儿即将出生。”表示“同一(same)”或“唯一(only)”的词前用定冠词the;根据句意可知第二个空格表示泛指,应用不定冠词,单词new以辅音音素开头,故第二个空格填a。故选C。
【答案】C
【例5】(  )15. (2018连云港)—Dong Guijun is ________ first man of Lianyungang to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma.
—He is ________ pride of us.
the; / B. a; the C. the; the D. a; /
【解析】考查定冠词the。句意“董贵军是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的连云港人。”“他是我们的骄傲。”序数词前要使用定冠词the,排除B和D。答语中表示特指,也用定冠词。故选C。
【答案】C
【例6】(  )13. (2018天津)Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:天津是中国北部一座美丽的城市。第一空表示泛指,beautiful是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a,“in the north of...在……的北部”,是固定结构,故选B。
【答案】B
高频考点三:零冠词的基本用法
零冠词用法口诀:
代词限定词前,球类学科和三餐;专有名词不可数,星期月份季节前;
复数名词表泛指,颜色游戏和感官;交通手段和节日,习俗称谓和头衔。
【例7】(  )7. (2018哈尔滨)Boys and girls, keep calm and be confident. I am sure all of you are ________ excellent students.
A. an     B. a        C. /
【解析】考查零冠词。句意:孩子们,保持冷静和自信。我相信你们都是极好的学生。由students复数可知不用an/a修饰。故选C。
【答案】C
考点过关☆专项突破
类型一:定冠词a或an的用法
(  )1. (2018成都)To be ________ good dancer, you need to learn more.
A. the     B. a        C. an
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:想成为一名好的舞者,你需要学习更多。本句泛指一名好的舞者,good以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰,表示“一位,一名”。故选B。
【答案】B
(  )2. (2018兰州)Cheer up! You will get ________ A in the listening test.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词an。句意:加油,听力测试中你将得A。此处表示泛指,且字母A发元音,故选C。
【答案】C
(  )3. (2018福州)—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—Some bread, ________ egg and a glass of milk.
A. a     B. an        C. the
【解析】考查不定冠词an。句意“你早餐通常吃什么?”“一些面包,一个鸡蛋和一杯牛奶。”在此句中,egg表泛指,且其第一个字母的发音为元音,所以此空填不定冠词an,故选B。
【答案】B
(  )4. (2018湘潭)Giving and receiving “hongbao” on WeChat(微信) is ________ new way to express thanks, love and friendship.
A. a     B. an        C. the
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:在微信上收发“红包”是一种新的表示感谢、爱和友谊的方式。此处表示“一种新方式”,表泛指,且new是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。
【答案】A
(  )5. (2018绥化)“Running Man” is ________ very popular TV program in China.
A. /     B. a        C. the
【解析】考查不定冠词a。句意:《跑男》是中国很受欢迎的一档节目。此处泛指一档节目,且very以辅音音素开头,用a。故选B。
【答案】B
(  )6. (2018漳州)There's ________ umbrella behind the door. It's made of silk.
A. a     B. an        C. the
【解析】考查不定冠词an。句意:门后面有一把雨伞。它是丝绸做的。空格处表示泛指,且umbrella是以元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an,故选B。
【答案】B
(  )7.【2017?山东济南】—I have________ old bike. I can give away to a children's home. —That's good.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-我有一辆旧自行车。我可以把它捐赠给儿童之家。-不错。本题需要数量“一”的含义;old是以元音音素开头的单词。故选:B。
点睛:冠词作为一种虚词,只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有两个,a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面,表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个,相当于中文的“一个”。定冠词和名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
(  )8.【2017?福建福州】There is ______ “l” in the word “close”.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在单词“close”里有一个l。不定冠词a/an一个,a用于辅音音素开头的单词或字母前,an用于元音音素开头的单词或字母前;定冠词the这个,那个,通常用于特指;故选B
点睛:不定冠词的用法1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一类。2.指某人或某物,但不具体说明。3.表示“一”这个量词。4.用于某些固定词组中,例如:a few。定冠词的用法 1.特指某人或某物。2.指双方都知道的人或物。3.指上文提到过的人或物。4.用于世界上独一无二的事物前,例如:the moon。5.用于序数词和最高级前。
(  )9.【2017?陕西咸阳】There is ________ “u” and _______ “r” in the word “ four”.
A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在单词four中,有一个“u”,和一个“r”。不定冠词a/an,一个,a用于辅音因素开头的单词或字母前,an用于元音开头的单词或字母前;故选C
点睛:不定冠词的用法1.用于可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一类。2.指某人或某物,但不具体说明。3.表示“一”这个量词。4.用于某些固定词组中,例如:a few。定冠词的用法 1.特指某人或某物。2.指双方都知道的人或物。3.指上文提到过的人或物。4.用于世界上独一无二的事物前,例如:the moon。5.用于序数词和最高级前。
(  )10.【2017?江苏苏州】—Look! Who is ______ boy in front of the teaching building?
—Oh, he’s Ben. He’s ______ honest boy.
A. a; an B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——看!在教学楼前面的那个男孩是谁?——哦,他是本。他是一个诚实的男孩。考查冠词辨析题。a不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于辅音因素开头的单数可数名词前;an不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于元音因素开头的单数可数名词前;the定冠词,特指,用在独一无二名词前,像地球,月亮,太阳。问句中in front of the teaching building在教学楼前面的,做boy的后置定语,属于特指,boy前需加定冠词;答语中honest以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an。根据句意和语境,可知选D。
类型二:定冠词the的用法
(  )1. (2018新疆建设兵团)We usually have three meals ________ day. We have ________ breakfast at eight in the morning every day.
A. a; the B. a; a C. a; / D. /; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:我们通常一天吃三顿饭。每天早上我们八点钟吃早饭。第一空表示泛指,用不定冠词a;第二空为固定用法:三餐前不用冠词。故选C。
【答案】C
(  )2. (2018呼和浩特)—What can I do for you, sir?
—I want ________ iPhone 6S plus for my wife as ________ useful gift.
A. an; a B. a; an C. an; the D. a; a
【解析】考查不定冠词。句意“先生,我能为你做点什么?”“我想给我的妻子买一部苹果6S plus作为一份实用的礼物。”两空均表示泛指,再根据iPhone及 useful首字母发音可知选A。
【答案】A
(  )3. (2018滨州)In Chinese, ________ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation to “I love you ”, making it ________ lucky and romantic day.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. a; /
【解析】考查冠词。句意:在汉语中,5.20和“我爱你”发音相似,这让它成为了一个幸运和浪漫的日子。5.20是特指的日子,所以第一空要用定冠词the;幸运和浪漫的日子是泛指,且lucky以辅音音素开头,所以要用不定冠词a。故选C。
【答案】C
(  )4. (2018达州)—Look!Who's ________ girl under the tree?
—Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is ________ honest girl.
A. the; an B. a; the C. the; a D. an; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意“看,在树下的那个女孩是谁?”“哦,她是我的妹妹凯特,她是一个诚实的女孩。”第一空特指树下的女孩,用定冠词the;第二空表示泛指,honest以元音音素开头,故选A。
【答案】A
(  )5.【2017?四川达州】-Mr. Lin is a kind man and he’s ready to help ______ weak in trouble.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】C
【解析】句意:林先生是一个善良的人,他愿意帮助处于困境中的弱者。不定冠词a/an表示泛指,the表示特指,形容词的前面加the表示一类人。the weak弱者,故答案为C。
点睛:“the+形容词”表示一类具有某种特征或特性的人时,通常表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数形式,如:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer. 富者愈富,贫者愈贫。
The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。
(  )6.Some animals, like ____ cat, ____ dog or ____ wolf,do not need to hibernate.
A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有些动物,如猫、狗或狼,不需要冬眠。要表示一类人或物,可以在单数名词前加不定冠词或定冠词,但是必须保持一致。只有B项符合;在这里用定冠词the+名词单数,表示一类事物。故选B。
(  )7.—Jim is ________ American boy, right? —Yes. He's from ________ United States.
A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a D. an; a
【答案】B
【解析】句意:—吉姆是个美国男孩,对吧? —是的。他来自美国。American是以元音音素开头的单词,冠词要用an;the United States意为“美国”。 故选B.。
(  )8.Mr. Lin is a kind man and he’s ready to help ______ weak in trouble.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】C
【解析】句意:林先生是一个善良的人,他愿意帮助处于困境中的弱者。不定冠词a/an表示泛指,the表示特指,形容词的前面加the表示一类人。the weak弱者,故答案为C。
点睛:“the+形容词”表示一类具有某种特征或特性的人时,通常表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数形式,如:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer. 富者愈富,贫者愈贫。
The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。
(  )9.—Did you do well in____English exam last week?—Yes,I got____“A”.
A. an; the B. the; an C. a;/ D. the;a
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-上周你英语考试考得好吗?-是的,我得了一个A.根据题干可知说话人询问对方上周英语考试好吗,第一空特指英语考试,则填定冠词the;对方回答其得了一个A,此处表示泛指,且A的发音是元音音素[ei],则填an,故选择B.do well in表示在某方面做得好。故选B。
(  )10.Some animals, like ____ cat, ____ dog or ____ wolf,do not need to hibernate,
A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /
【答案】B
【解析】句意:有些动物,如猫、狗或狼,不需要冬眠。在这里用定冠词the+名词单数,都是表示一类事物。故选B。
类型三:零冠词的用法
(  )1. (2018十堰)—Mary, who's the man over there?
—He's my uncle, ________ English teacher.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
【解析】考查不定冠词an。句意“玛丽,那边那个人是谁?”“他是我叔叔,一位英语老师。”表泛指,English是以元音音素开头的,前面加不定冠词an。故选C。
【答案】C
(  )2. (2018天水)—My father often goes to work on ________ foot.
—It is good for health. But my father drives ________ car.
A. the; the B. /; an C. /; the D. the; /
【解析】考查冠词。句意“我爸爸经常走路去上班。”“这有益于身体健康。但是我爸爸开车去上班。”on foot是固定搭配,意为“步行”;第二空表特指。故选C。
【答案】C
(  )3. 【2015?湖南郴州】____monkey can climb____trees.
A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /
【答案】B
【解析】句意:猴子会爬树。a+名词单数,表示一类。爬树用climb trees。故选B。
(  )4.【2017?江西九江】—My son seldom has ________ breakfast.
—It is ________ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it.
A. /; an B. the; an C. /; a D. the; a
【答案】A
【解析】句意:-我的儿子很少吃早饭。-那是一个不健康的习惯,你必须让他改变一下。have breakfast吃早饭,是固定短语,在一日三餐前不能加冠词;第二个空修饰名词habit,是可数名词单数形式,unhealthy是元音/ ?/,故用an修饰,表示泛指一个…。故应选A。
(  )5.【2017?山西太原】Yesterday, my flat had power cut, so my family just had different salads for supper.
A. the; the B. a; / C. the; / D. a; a
【答案】B
【解析】句意:昨天,我的公寓停电了,所以我的家人晚餐只吃了些不同的沙拉。不定冠词a/an用于单数可数名词前表示泛指,power以辅音音素开头,前面用不定冠词a;salads为复数名词,此处并非表示特指,不能用the,当然也不能用a/an,故答案为B。
(  )6.【2017?河南洛阳】-Could you come and __________ with me?
-Sorry. I must help my father with his work.
A. play soccer B. play the soccer C. playing soccer D. to play the soccer
【答案】A
【解析】句意:-你能来和我们一起踢足球吗?-对不起,我必须帮助爸爸干活。play soccer踢足球;play the soccer形式错误,在球类运动前面不用冠词;playing soccer是动名词形式;D选项与B一样也不对。句中could应与动词原形连用,踢足球是play soccer,中间不用定冠词the,所以选A。
(  )7.【2017?湖南长沙】Have you had ______breadfast ?----No. not yet.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
【答案】C
【解析】句意:- 你吃过早餐了吗?-还没有。固定短语have breakfast, 意为“吃早餐”,中间不加任何冠词。故选:C。
(  )8.【2017?湖北黄石】-Tom has curly hair.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Tom有一头卷发。本题考查零冠词。hair为不可数名词,前面不用冠词;故答案选D。
点睛:a/an表示泛指某人或某物,a用于辅音音素开头的词前面;an用于元音音素开头的词前面。the表示特指某个(些)人或者物。hair为不可数名词,并且此处不表示特指,所以前面不用冠词。
(  )9.【2017?山东泰安】-Could you come and __________ with me?
-Sorry. I must help my father with his work.
A. play soccer B. play the soccer C. playing soccer D. to play the soccer
【答案】A
【解析】句意:-你能来和我们一起踢足球吗?-对不起,我必须帮助爸爸干活。play soccer踢足球;play the soccer形式错误,在球类运动前面不用冠词;playing soccer是动名词形式;D选项与B一样也不对。句中could应与动词原形连用,踢足球是play soccer,中间不用定冠词the,所以选A。
(  )10.【2017?四川南充】He plays________ tennis with his friends every day after school.
A. the B. / C. of D. with
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他每天放学后和朋友们打网球。此题考查play 的用法,当“踢球,打球”讲时,play 后直接接球类运动的名称即可,不用冠词。故本题选B。
考点延伸☆强化训练
【2017?江西南昌】完形填空
We should remember that we all learned our own language well when we were children. If we could learn ___1___ second language in ___2____ same way, it would not seem so ___3___. Think of what a small child does. It listens to what people say and tries ______ 4______ what it hears. When it wants something, it has to ask ___5___ it. It is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time. If people ___6___ use a second language all the time, they would learn it quickly. We learn our own language ___7___ hearing people speak it, not by seeing what they write. We imitate ___8___ what we hear. In school, though you learn to read and write ___9___ to hear and speak, it is the best way ___10___ all the new words through the ear. You can read them,speak them,and write them later.
( )1. A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )2. A. / B. the C. a D. an
( )3. A. easy B. fast C. simple D. difficult
( )4. A. imitate B. imitating C. to imitate D. imitated
( )5. A. of B. for C. after D. about
( )6. A. could B. should C. would D. had to
( )7. A. of B. by C. on D. with
( )8. A. what B. when C. where D. how
( )9. A. and B. but C. as well as D. as long as
( )10. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
【答案与解析】
1. A.“学习第二种语言”指除了母语之外的任何一种语言,是泛指,要用不定冠词,second 又是以辅音开头的单词,所以选A。
2. B. 此处考查固定短语“以同样的方式in the same way”。
3. D.“按照学习母语的方法学习第二种语言,肯定不难”,不可能是“不容易,学得不快,不简单”。
4. C.表示“尽力做某事,设法做某事”时,要用词组try to do sth 来表示。
5. B.根据上半句“想要??”,可推测出下半句是“不得不向??要”,ask for表示“要求或向…要”是个固定词组。
6. D. “总是在用第二种语言”,一定是受外界条件影响的结果,属于客观条件逼迫着不得不怎么样,因此,要用have to来表示。
7. B.“通过听别人说话来学习自己的语言”与相并列的by seeing what they write短语推测。
8. A. hear是个及物动词,需要接宾语,when,where,how都是疑问副词,不能充当宾语。
9. C.“读和写”与“听和说”是并列关系,but表转折,as long as表条件,and 和 as well as 都是“和”的意思,选and时要翻译成“读写和听说”,同时还得去掉原句中的动词不定式符号to,显然不能被选。
10. D. 句意为“通过听力学习生词是最好的方法”。这是一个动词不定式短语作主语的句子,其中it是形式主语,指代后面的动词不定式短语。