小升初专题
时态:一般过去时
新知导入
一、一般过去时的概念及作用
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如:
我妈妈的手提包刚才在沙发上。
My mother's handbag was on the sofa just now.
上周我们去了农场。
We went to the farm last week.
新知导入
一、一般过去时的概念及作用
2.一般过去时也表示过去经常成反复发生的动作。
例如:
我爷爷去年经常在公园散步。
My grandpa often took a walk in the park last year.
新知讲解
二、一般过去时的构成
1.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was.用于第一、三人称单数。例如:
我九岁。
我去年九岁。
他是个小男孩。
他去年是个小男孩。
新知讲解
二、一般过去时的构成
1.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was.用于第一、三人称单数。例如:
I am nine.
I was nine last year.
He is a little boy.
He was a little boy last year.
新知讲解
二、一般过去时的构成
1.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(2) are在般过去时中变为were,用于第二人称和第一、第三人称的复数情况。例如:
我们是新朋友。
We are new friends.
我们上周是新朋友。
We were new friends last week.
新知讲解
二、一般过去时的构成
1.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(3)带有was或were的句子,其否定式、疑问式的变化和is, am, are一样。即否定句在was或were 后加not,一般疑问句把 was或were调到句首。
例如:
他不是一个小男孩。
He isn't a little boy.
他是一个小男孩么?
Is he a little boy?
新知讲解
二、一般过去时的构成
2、没有be动词的一般过去时的构成
没有be动词的一般过去时由动词的过去式构成。在构成否定句及疑同句时一般都借助助动词 did.原来的动词改为原形,句末加问号。例如:
陈述句:I dropped my ice cream!我掉了我的冰淇淋!
一般疑问句:
否定句:
Did you drop your ice cream?
I didn't drop my ice cream!
新知讲解
三、动词过去式的规则变化:
类别 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加-ed watch-watched
以e结尾 加-d skate-skated
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i,再加-d study-studied try-tried
以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母 将末尾的辅音字母双写,再加-ed chat-chatted stop-stopped
新知讲解
四、动词过去式的不规则变化:
动词原形 过去式 动词原形 过去式
am/is was get got
are were fly flew
come came make made
go went see saw
have had hear heard
新知讲解
动词原形 过去式 动词原形 过去式
do did sit sat
eat ate swim swam
speak spoke draw drew
write wrote sing sang
put put can could
take took sleep slept
tell told meet met
steal stole read read
新知讲解
注意:不规则的动词过去式须逐一记忆。
动词原形 过去式 动词原形 过去式
teach taught ride rode
say said run ran
begin began buy bought
give gave keep kept
drink drank drive drove
let let mean meant
spend spent bring brought
拓展提高
常用于一般过去时的时间状语有,last night/week/month/year,yesterday,a moment ago(刚才),just now, three days ago, in 2013等。例如:
你的钢笔刚才在书桌上。
Your pens were on the desk a moment ago.
上周我们参观了一家学校 。
We visited a school last week.
课堂练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空.
1. My cousin_____ ( give) me a present yesterday.
gave
解析:句子中有yesterday,意思是昨天,所以句子发生在过去,用一般过去时,故填gave。
课堂练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空.
2.We_____ (be) on the farm last Friday.
were
解析:主语是we,be动词选择are,因为句子中有last Friday,意思是上周五,所以句子发生在过去,用一般过去时,故填were。
课堂练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空.
3._____you_____ (go) shopping a moment ago?
Did go
解析:句子中有a moment ago,意思是刚才,所以句子发生在过去,用一般过去时。一般过去时的一般疑问句式,要借助助动词did,故填Did;go。
课堂练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空.
4. She__________(not take) photos just now.
didn’t take
解析:句子中有just now,意思是刚才,所以句子发生在过去,用一般过去时。此句为一般过去时的否定句式,应借助助动词did,故填didn’t take。
课堂练习
句型转换
1. l usually go to the park. (用yesteday 替换usally 改写句子)
_______________________________________________
I went to the park yesterday.
【解析】[分析]句意:我经常去公园。原句为一般现在时。用yesterday(昨天)替换usually以后要用一般过去时,yesterday放在句后。go的过去式是went,故答案为:I went to the park yesterday.
[点评]考察句型转换,识别出yesterday用在一般过去时,注意动词go的变化。
课堂练习
2.The children are having a good time now. (用last week替换now改写句子)
____________________________________________________________
The children had a good time last week.
【解析】[分析]句意:孩子们正玩得愉快。原句为现在进行时。用last week(上周)替换now以后要用一般过去时,last week放在句后。have的过去式是had,故答案为:The children had a good time last week.
[点评]考察句型转换,识别出last week用在一般过去时,注意动词have的变化。
课堂练习
3. Does Mr Brown often do some cleaning? (用a moment ago替换often改写句子)
____________________________________________________________
Did Mr Brown do some cleaning a moment ago?
【解析】[分析]句意:布朗先生经常举行扫除么?原句为一般现在时。用a moment ago(刚才)替换often以后要用一般过去时,a moment ago放在句后。does的过去式是did,故答案为:Did Mr Brown do some cleaning a moment ago?
[点评]考察句型转换,一般过去时下,一般疑问句助动词都变成did。
课堂练习
4. They have lunch at school every day. (用yesterday替换every day改写句子)
_____________________________________________________________
They had lunch at school yesterday.
【解析】[分析]句意:他们每天在学校吃午饭。原句为一般现在时。用yesterday(昨天)替换every day以后要用一般过去时,yesterday放在句后。have的过去式是had,故答案为:They had lunch at school yesterday.
[点评]考察句型转换,识别出yesterday用在一般过去时,注意动词have的变化。
课堂总结
一般过去时的构成:
1.be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am和is在一般过去时中变为was。are在一般过去时中变为were。
(3)带有was或were的句子,其否定式、疑问式的变化和is, am, are一样。即否定句在was或were 后加not,一般疑问句把 was或were调到句首。
2、没有be动词的一般过去时的构成:在构成否定句及疑同句时一般都借助助动词 did。原来的动词改为原形,句末加问号。
注意动词的变化。
作业布置
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Finally the plicenen _____ (let) them go.
2. He _____ (write) a letter to his cousin last night.
3. Gao Shan _____ (visit) his grandparents with his mother three days ago.
4. We _____ (catch) fish on the farm last Sunday.
5.Nancy _____ ( swim) with her parents just now.
作业布置
6. They _____ (make) a lot of toy planes last Tuesday.
7.1 _____ (fly) a kite with my brother in the park yesterday.
8. The mouse _____ (bite) the net and got out.
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