高二英语人教版选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity单元测试题（无听力部分含部分解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 高二英语人教版选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity单元测试题（无听力部分含部分解析） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 97.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-02-18 19:47:05 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 1 A land of diversity
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Quick Talk
In the exciting thriller?Baby Driver, the actor and DJ, Ansel Elgort, 23, plays a music-obsessed (对音乐着迷的) getaway driver trying to escape from a life of crime.
Your character gets turned on to new music from iPods he finds in stolen cars. Who has influenced your taste?
Eve Beglarian, a composer (作曲家) and friend of my mother’s, made me my first iPod (playlist). One of the songs was?Easy?by the Commodores. The auditions (试演) for?Baby Driver?weren’t going well, and director Edgar Wright said,?“Do you know any songs that you know every word to?” I remembered?Easy. He said, “When you’re ready, I want you to sing it.” He told me that that was what got me the role. I guess I have to thank Eve.
At times the movie plays like a very complex music video.
They filmed very rhythmically. If I wasn’t wearing earphones, I was wearing an earwig — like a radio, but it’s tiny and you can hear things in your ear. Whatever the audience hears, we heard while filming.
How much did you get to drive?
They only let me drive when no one else was in the car, so that wasn’t often. They didn’t want me to kill Jamie Foxx.
You’re known for your brave and confident fashion choices. When did you start caring about style?
I must have been in the sixth grade. I wore the same red Adidas sweatpants every day, a white T-shirt and blue shoes. I was like a cartoon character.
After young-adult films like?The Fault in Our Stars and Divergent, were you eager to be in a more adult film?
I don’t look at?The Fault in Our Stars?as a teenage movie. I looked at it like, this is a great script (剧本) and a good character, and I was excited to do it. But of course I was looking forward to being part of a?“real”?movie. If it meant working with Kevin Spacey, Jamie Foxx and Jon Hamm, sign me up.
21. What helped Ansel get the role in?Baby Driver?
A. Edgar’s suggestion.
B. Eve’s recommendation.
C. His excellence in driving.
D. His performance of a song.
22. What do we know about Ansel?
A. He is pretty stylish.
B. He likes cartoon films.
C. He is a driving enthusiast.
D. He has starred in two films.
23. How does Ansel find the movie?The Fault in Our Stars?
A. It’s encouraging.
B. It’s worth seeing.
C. There’s no film worse than it.
D. There’s room for improvement.
?
B
Imagine telling Einstein to stop studying physics. Imagine telling Picasso to stop painting. Could they stop doing the things they loved? This is what people tried to do to Sophie Germain.
Sophie’s love was mathematics. She fell in love with it when she was only 13 years old and decided to become a mathematician. However, it was very unusual for a girl from a middle-class family to study math in the early eighteenth century in France.
Sophie’s parents wanted her to be like other girls. When she studied math, they tried to stop her. Sophie didn’t want to stop. She studied secretly at night, by candlelight, when her parents slept. Sophie’s parents found out, and they took away her candles. That didn’t stop Sophie. She found more candles. Finally, her parents decided to let Sophie study.
When Sophie was 18 years old, a school for mathematician opened in Paris. Sophie couldn’t take classes there because it was for men only. However, she didn’t let this discrimination (歧视)? against women stop her. She started writing letters to math professors at the school. She asked them questions, and she wrote about her ideas. However, she didn’t sign her own name on the letters. She used a man’s name, Monsieur LeBlanc. This idea worked, and the professors responded to her letters. After a while, one professor asked to meet the brilliant (杰出的) Monsieur LeBlanc. Imagine his surprise! Monsieur LeBlanc was a woman. The professor didn’t tell anyone. He kept Sophie’s secret.
Sophie is famous for her excellent work on a difficult math problem that was a challenge for many other mathematicians. She is also famous for her studies of metal as a building material. Years later, engineers used her ideas to build skyscrapers (摩天大楼), such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris, Sophie’s hometown.
Today, on the base of the Eiffel Tower, there are 72 names of brilliant French scientists and mathematicians. These people all made great contributions to the world. However, there’s one important name that’s missing: ?Sophie Germain.
24. What was Sophie’s parents’ first reaction to her love for math?
A. They disagreed on it.
B. They gave it their full support.
C. They considered it as childish.
D. They pretended not to know about it.
25. How did Sophie manage to keep in touch with some mathematicians?
A. She signed a male name.
B. She was dressed as a man.
C. She told them of her love for math.
D. She sent them her published essays.
26. Which of the following can best describe Sophie?
A. Honest and responsible.
B. Ambitious and sensitive.
C. Determined and talented.
D. Patient and single-minded.
27. What does the author suggest about Sophie in the last paragraph?
A. Her ideas influenced 72 scientists.
B. Her efforts were widely recognized.
C. Her contribution deserved a mention.
D. Her name was written on the Eiffel Tower.
?
C
The island of Cuba is no bigger than Pennsylvania. Yet when it comes to nature, the island is one of the most important places on the planet. That is the message of??Cuba!, an exhibit that opened in November at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), in New York City.
“The biodiversity (生物多样性) of Cuba is part of Cuban identity,”?Ana Luz Porzecanski says. She is the director of the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at AMNH and one of the two curators (a person in charge of a museum exhibit) of the exhibit.
Detailed recreations of four habitats transport typical parts of Cuba’s landscapes and seascapes to New York. They include ancient caves and a network of reefs (珊瑚礁). One area features live anole lizards, a Cuban tree frog, and a Cuban boa.
Cuba?boasts?more than 6,500 species of plants, 161 kinds of reptiles, 65 types of amphibians, 42 species of mammals, and 367 bird species. One of those is the bee hummingbird. Weighing far less than an ounce (about 28 grams), it is the smallest bird on Earth.
Much of the wildlife found in Cuba exists only there. That gives scientists a unique opportunity to study how plants and animals develop and survive.
“Cuba is a very exciting place for us to look at all these different processes,” says Christopher Raxworthy. He is in charge of one department of the museum and a cocurator of the exhibit. “But that also creates great challenges for conservation.”
Climate change is threatening Cuba’s wildlife. Some species may even disappear. The country is taking steps to protect its plants and animals. But AMNH hopes??Cuba!?will show how important the country’s natural world is to everyone.
28. What can be known about??Cuba!?
A. It shows Cuba’s rich biodiversity.
B. It compares the islands on the planet.
C. It features Cuba’s social development.
D. It opens in a museum in Pennsylvania.
29. What does the underlined word “boasts” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Increases.
B. Needs.
C. Has.
D. Expects.
30. What does Christopher find challenging?
A. To organize the exhibition.
B. To observe plants and animals.
C. To study the unique species of Cuba.
D. To protect the native wildlife of Cuba.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Cuba fights climate change
B. Travel from Cuba to America
C. Wildlife conservation faces threat
D. AMNH’s Cuba exhibit explores biodiversity
?
D
As Antarctic ice continues to melt at an alarming rate, scientists warn that the well-being of penguins native to the area is becoming increasingly threatened.
According to a new report, the welfare and existence of at least half of the world’s 18 penguin species?will be badly affected if the warming of the Antarctic Peninsula continues. Experts say that a big part of the problem is related to food: ?Less ice means less krill (磷虾), a cornerstone (基石) of the Antarctic ecosystem and a mainstay of a penguin’s diet.
“When you look at all penguins they are largely in trouble,” said Oxford University penguinologist Tom Hart, who spends a few months every year observing penguins along the Antarctic coast. “We’re so concerned because we’re seeing great changes to their populations. They’re probably not going to go extinct anytime soon, but the environment is changing very fast.”
Emperor penguins, Adelies and chinstraps, for example, live entirely in the Antarctic. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), both emperor penguins and Adelies are considered “near threatened.” Even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable (易危的) species, have?“declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years,”?Hart said.?“The general public doesn’t realize that penguin populations are declining so fast.”
In an interview with the BBC in 2009, Professor Hart warned that emperor penguins could face near-extinction by the end of the century if global warming continued at its present rate.
“Regardless of their environmental preferences, we see a connection between climate change and penguin populations through the loss of habitat of their main food source,” Dr Wayne Trivelpiece, the report’s lead author said. “As warming continues, the loss of krill will have a far-reaching effect throughout the Antarctic ecosystem.”
Since krill feed on phytoplankton (浮游植物) that grow under ice cover, warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing Antarctic krill populations. According to Al Jazeera, other recent studies have shown that krill in the Southern Ocean may have declined by about 80 percent?since the 1970s.
“Simply put, without krill, most of the life forms in the Antarctic would disappear,”?National Geographic?said.
32. What problem will penguins face?
A. Loss of habitat. ???????
B. A shortage of food.
C. Population increase.?????
D. Colder environment.
33. What is Tom Hart’s attitude toward the penguins’ situation?
A. Uncaring. ???????
B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful. ???????
D. Worried.
34. Why does the author mention chinstraps in Paragraph 4?
A. To blame human beings’ unawareness.
B. To underline the dangers penguins face.
C. To give an example of an extinct species.
D. To show how penguins react to global warming.
35. What do the last two paragraphs suggest?
A. Krill loss may have disastrous results.
B. Warming waters bring more phytoplankton.
C. Sea ice disappearance causes krill’s overproducing.
D. Phytoplankton are a key diet of Antarctic creatures.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The zero-effort holiday workout
Build fun activities into your time away and you may even burn off the extra calories (卡路里)? you eat. Try to be active for at least two hours a day.
Go for an evening walk.?Take a leaf out of the book of people in southern Mediterranean countries and go for a walk when it’s a bit cooler. Try to make it a daily routine while you’re away. It’s a pleasant way to experience local life.??36??
Get in the water.?Don’t just relax at the water’s edge but go for a swim from time to time, play games or just walk in the water.??37??Or if that all sounds a bit too cold and wet, rent (租) a rowing boat, or go sailing. Messing about on the water burns calories and exercises your muscles more than being on dry land.
Fly a kite.??38??It will give your upper body a great workout as you struggle with that kite and run to keep it in the air or follow it down when it falls to earth.
Fly a Frisbee?(飞盘).??39??And if you play Frisbee on a sandy beach, you’ll be working those leg muscles that much harder.
?40??Have a daily competition in the swimming pool, such as swimming between people’s legs or making the biggest splash (飞溅), or a week-long badminton tournament. And make sure you make it as silly as possible.
A. Play ball games.
B. Hold a family Olympics.
C. You may never think of it as an exercise.
D. This is an excellent activity for a windy day.
E. And you’ll feel spiritually and physically refreshed.
F. You’ll get your heart rate up every time you run or jump for that plastic plate.
G. Simply standing in the water is a good workout thanks to the action of the water.
?
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first day I was able to get out of bed since getting my heart shattered (难过的). I decided to have a??41?, trying to start feeling human again.?
When my hairdresser asked how I had been, I wanted to say “fine” because that’s what you’re??42??to do when you make small talk.??43??I even realized what was happening, tears started rolling down my cheeks.
?44??missing a beat, this woman who??45??knew me gathered me in her arms and??46??me as I cried.
She said, “I can feel all your pain and it’s??47?.”
I had been feeling so??48??sad and hopeless for days. When people we open our hearts and souls (灵魂) to??49??us, we lose faith.
I was??50??that I couldn’t hold myself together for a simple haircut. I felt like my tears were admitting my??51?. I had lost a friend, and lost a home.
But this stranger took care of me in a way that I so??52?. I opened up to someone I hardly knew, and just let all my hurt pour out into her arms, and she did the same. We??53??together.
In just that moment, my??54??closed just a bit more, and served as a gentle reminder that there are truly??55??people in this world. I began to??56??that I was not alone.
Most importantly, this act of??57??showed me that it’s?okay to??58??that you’re not okay.
In times of??59?, it’s?okay to allow ourselves to be vulnerable.?It’s?okay to let others take care of us sometimes.
When we allow ourselves to be vulnerable, it makes??60??in our hearts for those who deserve a place in it. And in being comfortable with this process, it teaches us to feel for others and care for others who are going through their own pain. It makes us human.
41. A. meal B. haircut C. bath D. trip
42. A. supposed??????????? B. advised C. allowed? ??????? D. taught
43. A. Since ??????????????? B. Though C. Unless ????????? D. Before
44. A. Upon????????????????? B. Without C. Beyond ?????????? D. After
45. A. totally???????????????? B. slightly C. hardly???????????????? D. actually
46. A. followed? ????????? B. controlled C. held??????????????? D. left
47. A. heartbreaking?????? B. satisfying C. surprising ?????? D. interesting
48. A. strangely???????????? B. reasonably C. suddenly?????????? D. terribly
49. A. hurt??????????????????? B. change C. frighten?????????? D. fool
50. A. disappointed??????? B. embarrassed C. discouraged ???? D. confused
51. A. regret???????????????? B. illness C. pressure ?????????? D. failure
52. A. required ? ? ? B. agreed C. needed ??????????? D. hated
53. A. struggled???????????? B. cried C. fought????????? D. decided
54. A. pity??????????????????? B. mouth C. hope????????????????? D. wound
55. A. smart ??????????????? B. rich C. good????????????? D. professional
56. A. understand????????? B. promise C. forget ??????????? D. imagine
57. A. devotion? ????????? B. politeness C. wisdom ???? D. kindness
58. A. worry???????????????? B. explain C. admit??????????? D. prove
59. A. anger ? ? ? ? ? B. sorrow C. anxiety???????????? D. relief
60. A. time??????????????????? B. way C. memory??????????? D. room
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This past April, my friend and I 61. ________ (take) a five-day trip to San Francisco. During our visit, we saw quite a bit of fantastic scenery, ate some delicious food and drank some 62. ________ (taste) wine. It was a fun, relaxing and memorable vacation. But 63. ________ made the getaway truly memorable is that it was the “luckiest” trip I had ever taken!
When I say “luckiest”, I mean 64. ________ great many aspects of our vacation that were beyond our control happened to go in our favor. In San Francisco, the weather was 65. ________ (absolute) beautiful, with sunshine and mild temperatures. The city has a reputation 66. ________? being foggy and windy, so we were fortunate 67. ________ (experience) the lovely weather while we were there. In addition, we went to Pier 51, which is home to some sea lions during certain times of the year. We visited when there were hundreds of 68. ________ (they) on and around platforms just off the pier.
Our trip to San Francisco was lucky for 69. ________ (reason) other than weather and seasonal factors. For example, during our first night there, our hotel manager recommended a restaurant, whose service and cuisine were excellent; and the prices were much 70. ________ (fair) than I would have guessed!
?
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I always make sure of I won’t take any stress or worry into exams. Instead, I try to show the highest positive spirits because my classmates also become positive. I did a same thing last Friday. I wasn’t well prepared with an upcoming chemistry exam and didn’t know how it would go. However, I decided to do whatever made me feeling happy and spread joy around as usually. I went to school and saw everyone was worried, so I told some jokes make a light environment. The way I told the jokes change everything and all my classmates soon felt relaxing. As a result, we did well in the exams.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你叫李华，你的加拿大笔友玛丽发来电子邮件询问你家乡的概况，请根据以下要点用英语给她回一封邮件。
??? 1.?地理位置；2.?交通条件；3.?著名景点；4.?特色小吃。
注意：1.?词数100左右；2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
?
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Staff picks
Beauty of mushrooms
Artist and photographer Jill Bliss will change your view of mushrooms with her photos, which you can find at?http: //bit.ly/mushroomphotos. Bliss arranges mushrooms and other objects she sees in nature almost like bouquets (花束).
Shining pop elements?(元素)
All the elements of great pop music — exciting songcraft, a commanding singer, and a band that plays with total commitment — are there and shining like diamonds on Waxahatchee’s new album,Out in the Storm. In what’s turning out to be a very impressive year for female bandleaders, writer/singer Katie Crutchfield and her rocking all-female band are on a roll.
Track time change
If you’re tired from your international flight and trying to remember if the kids will still be awake for a call or to schedule a conference (会议?) call for work, the app Circa can help you keep track of time in many different locations. It’ll give you one less thing to worry about. The app is $3.99 for iOS and free for Android users.
“Finest”?propaganda?(宣传)
The movie?Their Finest?set during World War II, centers on the film division of the British Ministry of Information, where Catrin Cole (Gemma Arterton) is employed, making movies that appeal to women. Film critic Peter Rainer writes that “the film’s best comic character is Ambrose Hilliard ... performed with plenty of playful fun by that great scene-stealer Bill Nighy.”?Their Finest?is available on DVD and Blu-ray.
Fab Four favorite
Four Liverpudlians taught us that all you need is love. After reading Andrew Blauner’s?In Their Lives: ?Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs,?you may find that all you need is to find your own favorite Fab Four tune (曲子). Join nearly 30 creative types, from Touré and Rosanne Cash to Jane Smiley and Roz Chast, as they dive into music, memories, and meaning, all to a backing Beatles beat.
1. What do we know about Katie Crutchfield’s band?
A. It performs folk music.
B. Its members are female.
C. It is an overnight success.
D. Its target audience is women.
2. What is the main fun_ction of the app Circa?
A. To plan users’ overseas travel.
B. To record users’ important meetings.
C. To remind users of international calls.
D. To tell world time across different places.
3. What can be inferred about Bill Nighy?
A. He directed many war films.
B. He often outshines other actors.
C. He is attractive to female viewers.
D. He played the male lead in?Their Finest.
4. Who is a writer?
A. Jill Bliss.
B. Catrin Cole.
C. Peter Rainer.
D. Andrew Blauner.
?
B
When Anthony and Jacqueline Rich’s dog Monty died last November at the age of 14, the couple, who are in their sixties and have had dogs for forty years of married life, were?devastated. Today there is another dog Ollie at their home. He came to them after the death of his 81-year-old owner and they already?“love him to pieces”. It’s a simple enough equation?—?bereaved (丧失亲人的) owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties.
The benefits of animal companionship for older people are now well documented; it is the practicalities that often prove the stumbling block (绊脚石). This month Dr June McNicholas, a health psychologist at Warwick University, will carry out a study which aims to identify those factors (因素) that may prevent the elderly from keeping pets and which suggests possible solutions.
“Old people with pets are generally more active,”?she says.?“Obviously, walking a dog is good exercise and can also be a way of preserving social contacts (接触) or making new friendships, but even just getting up and down to see to the cat or going to the shops for food is better than nothing. Research has also found that those who have animals are likely to keep their homes warmer in winter and to feed themselves more regularly. Self-care is often tied in with pet care, which is especially important for those who live alone.”
In an earlier project McNicholas studied the role of animals in helping people widowed (寡居的) after long marriages. Among 200 subjects, she found that symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness and feelings of hopelessness and helplessness were all lowered among pet owners.
McNicholas says, “In the early stages, the animal was a continuing link with the loved one. The bereaved often want to talk about the person they’ve lost, but other people don’t, so instead they talk to the dog, which responds to the name. One woman told me, ‘When I want to talk, I talk to my daughter; when I need to cry, I cry with my dog.’ We have no way of knowing whether animals are actually sympathetic, but they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives comfort. So in a way it doesn’t matter whether it is real; it feels real.”
5. What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Grateful.
B. Relaxed.
C. Sorrowful.
D. Confused.
6. What does McNicholas mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?
A. The benefits of keeping a pet.
B. The troubles pet owners face.
C. Factors preventing people having pets.
D. Ways of handling old people’s loneliness.
7. What did McNicholas’s earlier study find?
A. Pets often show their owners sympathy.
B. Pets can respond to their owners’ needs.
C. Pets serve as their owners’ spiritual guide.
D. Pets can help their owners with their sadness.
8. What is the best title for the text?
A. Get along well with your new pet
B. You are never too old to have a pet
C. Start your later life with a new hobby
D. Help older people live fully and happily
参考答案??????????????????????????????
21-25 DABAA 26-30 CCACD 31-35 DBDBA 36-40 EGDFB
41-45 BADBC 46-50 CADAB 51-55 DCBDC ? ? ? 56-60 ADCBD
61. took 62. tasty 63. what 64. a 65. absolutely
66. for 67. to experience ? 68. them? 69. reasons 70. fairer
短文改错
71. ... make sure of ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 去掉of?或of?→?that
72. ... because my classmates ...?? ??? because?→?so
73. ... a same thing ...????????? ????????????? a?→?the
74. ... well prepared with ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? with?→?for
75. ... made me feeling ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? feeling?→?feel
76. ... as usually. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? usually?→?usual
77. ... make a light ...?????? ??????????????????? make前加to
78. ... jokes change everything ... ? ? ? ? change?→?changed
79. ... soon felt relaxing. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? relaxing?→?relaxed
80. ... in the exams. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? exams?→?exam
书面表达
One possible version：
Dear Mary,
I’m delighted to hear from you. Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Pingyao.
Pingyao, located in central Shanxi Province, is a place with an incredibly rich and long history. There are many historical sites in Pingyao. The Ancient City of Pingyao, for example, is one of the best preserved ancient cities in China. Millions of people from all over the world come to visit it every year. It is convenient to get here by bus or train. As for the local snacks, don’t miss out on Pingyao beef, which enjoys a high reputation in China.
Such is Pingyao, an extremely charming place. Come here whenever you want.
Yours,
Li Hua
?
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇?(个人情况)
本文是应用文。文章是对年轻演员Ansel Elgort的采访。
21. D。细节理解题。由第三段中的He said,?“When you’re ready, I want you to sing it.”?He told me that that was what got me the role可知，Ansel Elgort凭借自己演唱Easy这首歌而获得Baby Driver这部电影中的角色。
22. A。细节理解题。由You’re known for your brave and confident fashion choices可知，Ansel Elgort的着装相当时尚。
23. B。推理判断题。由最后一段中的I don’t look at The Fault in Our Stars as a teenage movie. I looked at it like, this is a great script and a good character, and I was excited to do it可知，Ansel Elgort认为The Fault in Our Stars这部电影很不错，剧本很好，角色也不错。
B篇?(个人情况)
本文是记叙文。索菲?热尔曼从小热爱数学，但不为家庭所鼓励。身为女性，她被拒于巴黎综合工科学校大门之外，顾虑到当时普遍存在的对女性科学家的成见，她常常不得不以假名和其他数学家通信。热尔曼的求学故事折射出了当时女性求学的困难和自卑，但她通过不懈的努力在数学理论等方面都取得了出色的成果，成为法国历史上最有名的女数学家?。
24. A。细节理解题。由第三段中的Sophie’s parents ... tried to stop her和Sophie’s parents found out, and they took away her candles可知，索菲的父母一开始极力阻止她学数学。
25. A。细节理解题。由第四段中的she didn’t sign her own name on the letters. She used a man’s name, Monsieur LeBlanc可知，索菲并没有在信上签她自己的名字，而是签了一个男性的名字，这一做法奏效了，她得以和一些数学家通信。
26. C。推理判断题。文章第二段提到在十八世纪初的法国，社会对女性存在歧视；第三段讲到索菲的父母极力阻止她学数学，甚至把她悄悄用来学习的蜡烛没收了，但是这依然没有阻止索菲学习的热情和脚步；第四段提到索菲被拒于巴黎综合工科学校大门之外后，用假名与一些数学家通信，她的才华受到一位数学家的赞誉；第五段讲述了索菲在数学领域和金属研究方面的卓越成就。综上可知，索菲是一位意志坚定、才华出众的女性。
27. C。推理判断题。由最后一段中的there’s one important name that’s missing: ?Sophie Germain可知，埃菲尔铁塔上刻着72位优秀的法国科学家和数学家的名字，但是没有索菲?热尔曼的名字，而工程师正是基于热尔曼的研究才建了像埃菲尔铁塔这样的摩天大楼。由此可推断，作者暗含的意思是索菲?热尔曼对于建造埃菲尔铁塔所做出的贡献应当受到世人的肯定。
C篇?(社会)
本文是说明文。美国自然历史博物馆举办的展览?Cuba!展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。
28. A。细节理解题。由第一段中的when it comes to nature, the island is one of the most important places on the planet. That is the message of??Cuba!以及第二段中的The biodiversity of Cuba is part of Cuban identity可知，?Cuba!是在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的一次展览，主要展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。
29. C。词义猜测题。由划线词后的6,500 species of plants, 161 kinds of reptiles, 65 types of amphibians, 42 species of mammals, and 367 bird species可知，古巴拥有6500种植物、161种爬行动物、65种两栖动物、42种哺乳动物和367种鸟类，这也照应了上文中提到的古巴丰富的生物多样性。
30. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的But that also creates great challenges for conservation可知，保护古巴的野生动植物是一大挑战。
31. D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的展览?Cuba!展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。D项作标题符合文章主旨。
D篇?(热点话题)
本文是说明文。南极洲的冰层因气候变暖持续融化，这已严重影响到企鹅的生存。
32. B。细节理解题。由第二段中的a big part of the problem is related to food: ?Less ice means less krill ... penguin’s diet可知，由于南极冰层的持续融化，企鹅将面临的问题主要与食物有关，冰少了意味着磷虾少了，磷虾是南极洲生态系统的基石，也是企鹅的主要食物。
33. D。观点态度题。由第三段中的they are largely in trouble和We’re so concerned because we’re seeing great changes to their populations ... the environment is changing very fast可知，牛津大学的企鹅研究专家Tom Hart对企鹅的现状非常担忧。
34. B。推理判断题。由第四段中的Even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable species, have?“declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years,”可知，帽带企鹅并非易危物种，但是它们的数量在过去的30年里也下降了50%；由此可知，作者提到帽带企鹅的数量大幅下降，是为了强调企鹅的处境非常危险，气候变暖给它们的生存带来极大的影响。
35. A。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing Antarctic krill populations以及最后一段中的without krill, most of the life forms in the Antarctic would disappear可知，气候变暖使得南极的冰融化，这导致磷虾的数量锐减，而如果没有磷虾，南极大部分生命都会消失。
第二节
话题：日常活动
本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了几项可以在假期进行的锻炼活动。
36. E。由该段中的go for a walk when it’s a bit cooler和该空前的It’s a pleasant way to experience local life可知，晚上出去散步，既可以燃烧卡路里，还可以体验当地的生活，你会在精神和身体上都感到很舒畅。
37. G。由该段的Get in the water可知，G项内容“只是站在水里也是很好的运动，因为水的推动会对身体产生作用”符合此处语境。
38. D。由该空前的Fly a kite可知，在有风天放风筝是一项很好的活动。
39. F。F项中的you run or jump for that plastic plate是对Fly a Frisbee这项活动的描述。
40. B。由该段中的competition和tournament可知，B项“举办一个家庭奥林匹克运动会”适合作本段的标题。
?
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：人际关系
本文是记叙文。作者在最脆弱、最无助的时候得到理发师的关怀和支持，这让作者懂得自己并不孤单，世界上有真正的好人。
41. B。由下文中的my hairdresser可知，“我”决定去“理发（haircut）”。
42. A。由上文中的say?“fine”以及该空后的when you make small talk可知，当理发师问“我”?最近好吗，“我”想说“很好”，因为这是在闲聊时你“该（supposed）”说的。
43. D。由文中的描述可知，“我”“还未（Before）”反应过来发生了什么，泪水已经顺着“我”的脸颊流了下来。
44. B。由文中的描述可知，这位女士“毫无迟疑地（Without missing a beat）”把“我”抱在怀里。
45. C。由下文中的this stranger took care of me可知，这位女士“几乎不（hardly）”认识“我”。
46. C。由该空前的gathered me in her arms可知，她在“我”哭的时候也“抱着（held）”“我”。
47. A。由上文中的cried以及该空前的feel all your pain可知，她说：“我能感受到你的痛楚，真’令人心碎（heartbreaking）’”。
48. D。由上文中的getting my heart shattered可知，几天来“我”感到“非常地（terribly）”悲伤和绝望。
49. A。由文中的描述可知，此处指当我们推心置腹的人“伤害（hurt）”?我们时，我们就会失去信心。下文的let all my hurt pour out为提示。
50. B。由该空后的I couldn’t hold myself together for a simple haircut可知，“我”感到很“尴尬（embarrassed）”，因为“我”在理发时抑制不住地哭了。
51. D。由该空后的I had lost a friend, and lost a home可知，作者认为流眼泪就是承认她的“失败（failure）”。
52. C。由上文的描述可知，这位女士在作者最“需要（needed）”的时候给她以关怀。
53. B。由该空前的I opened up to someone ... and she did the same以及下文中的?I was not alone可知，我们一起“哭（cried）”了。
54. D。由该空后的closed just a bit more, and served as a gentle reminder可知，就在那一刻，“我”的“伤口（wound）”愈合了一点。
55. C。由上文中的描述可知，这也提醒“我”世界上有真正的“好（good）”人。
56. A。由该空后的I was not alone可知，“我”开始“懂得（understand）”“我”并不孤单。
57. D。58. C。由上文的描述可知，这一“善（kindness）”举让“我”懂得“承认（admit）”自己的脆弱并没有什么关系。
59. B。由上文的描述以及该空后的allow ourselves to be vulnerable和let others take care of us sometimes可知，在“悲伤（sorrow）”的时候，允许自己脆弱，让他人来关心自己是很正常的。
60. D。由下文中的for those who deserve a place in it可知，当我们允许自己脆弱时，我们就在内心为那些值得的人留出了“空间（room）”。
第二节
61. took。考查一般过去时。由语境及时间状语This past April可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填took。
62. tasty。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰wine，表示“可口的”，故填tasty。
63. what。考查连接词。设空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，由that it was the?“luckiest”?trip I had ever taken可知，此处应填what。
64. a。考查不定冠词。a great many意为“许多”。
65. absolutely。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词beautiful，故填副词absolutely。
66. for。考查介词。have a reputation for ...?意为“以……出名”。
67. to experience。考查不定式作宾语的用法。be fortunate to do sth.?意为“很幸运做某事”。
68. them。考查代词。设空处作宾语，指代sea lions，故填them。
69. reasons。考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，因为reason是可数名词且其前无限定词，故填reasons。
70. fairer。考查形容词比较级。由than以及上文中excellent可知，设空处应填fair的比较级fairer。
?
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 BDBD??? 5-8 CADB
解析
A篇?(购物)
本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了五款店员推荐的产品。
1. B。细节理解题。由Shining pop elements介绍内容中的Katie Crutchfield and her rocking all-female band are on a roll可知，这一乐队的成员都是女性。
2. D。推理判断题。由Track time change介绍内容中的the app Circa can help you keep track of time in many different locations可知，这款手机应用程序可以帮助用户在很多不同的地点跟踪时间。
3. B。推理判断题。由“Finest”?propaganda介绍内容中的performed with plenty of playful fun by that great scene-stealer Bill Nighy可知，Bill Nighy是一位抢镜高手，他的表演会吸引观众的注意力。
4. D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的After reading Andrew Blauner’s In Their Lives: ?Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs ...可知，Andrew Blauner是In Their Lives: Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs这本书的作者，他是一名作家。
B篇?(社会)
本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了养宠物的好处。
5. C。词义猜测题。由第一段中的Monty died和have had dogs for forty years of married life以及bereaved owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties可知，当Anthony和Jacqueline Rich夫妇的狗Monty死后，他们非常伤心。
6. A。段落大意题。由第三段的描述可知，本段主要讲述了养宠物给老人带来的好处：老人会更积极、得到更多的锻炼、保持社交，宠物还可以激励老人照顾好自己。
7. D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness ... were all lowered among pet owners和最后一段中的they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives comfort可知，宠物能给予主人安慰，尤其能带给寡居老人快乐和慰藉，让他们不那么悲伤、绝望和无助。
8. B。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，June McNicholas博士的研究发现养宠物可以给寡居老人带来精神上的慰藉，让他们变得更积极，得到更多的锻炼，保持社交的延续性，并激励他们照顾好自己，由此可知，养宠物有很多益处。故B项作标题能恰当概括文章主旨。
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Quick Talk
In the exciting thriller?Baby Driver, the actor and DJ, Ansel Elgort, 23, plays a music-obsessed (对音乐着迷的) getaway driver trying to escape from a life of crime.
Your character gets turned on to new music from iPods he finds in stolen cars. Who has influenced your taste?
Eve Beglarian, a composer (作曲家) and friend of my mother’s, made me my first iPod (playlist). One of the songs was?Easy?by the Commodores. The auditions (试演) for?Baby Driver?weren’t going well, and director Edgar Wright said,?“Do you know any songs that you know every word to?” I remembered?Easy. He said, “When you’re ready, I want you to sing it.” He told me that that was what got me the role. I guess I have to thank Eve.
At times the movie plays like a very complex music video.
They filmed very rhythmically. If I wasn’t wearing earphones, I was wearing an earwig — like a radio, but it’s tiny and you can hear things in your ear. Whatever the audience hears, we heard while filming.
How much did you get to drive?
They only let me drive when no one else was in the car, so that wasn’t often. They didn’t want me to kill Jamie Foxx.
You’re known for your brave and confident fashion choices. When did you start caring about style?
I must have been in the sixth grade. I wore the same red Adidas sweatpants every day, a white T-shirt and blue shoes. I was like a cartoon character.
After young-adult films like?The Fault in Our Stars and Divergent, were you eager to be in a more adult film?
I don’t look at?The Fault in Our Stars?as a teenage movie. I looked at it like, this is a great script (剧本) and a good character, and I was excited to do it. But of course I was looking forward to being part of a?“real”?movie. If it meant working with Kevin Spacey, Jamie Foxx and Jon Hamm, sign me up.
21. What helped Ansel get the role in?Baby Driver?
A. Edgar’s suggestion.
B. Eve’s recommendation.
C. His excellence in driving.
D. His performance of a song.
22. What do we know about Ansel?
A. He is pretty stylish.
B. He likes cartoon films.
C. He is a driving enthusiast.
D. He has starred in two films.
23. How does Ansel find the movie?The Fault in Our Stars?
A. It’s encouraging.
B. It’s worth seeing.
C. There’s no film worse than it.
D. There’s room for improvement.
?
B
Imagine telling Einstein to stop studying physics. Imagine telling Picasso to stop painting. Could they stop doing the things they loved? This is what people tried to do to Sophie Germain.
Sophie’s love was mathematics. She fell in love with it when she was only 13 years old and decided to become a mathematician. However, it was very unusual for a girl from a middle-class family to study math in the early eighteenth century in France.
Sophie’s parents wanted her to be like other girls. When she studied math, they tried to stop her. Sophie didn’t want to stop. She studied secretly at night, by candlelight, when her parents slept. Sophie’s parents found out, and they took away her candles. That didn’t stop Sophie. She found more candles. Finally, her parents decided to let Sophie study.
When Sophie was 18 years old, a school for mathematician opened in Paris. Sophie couldn’t take classes there because it was for men only. However, she didn’t let this discrimination (歧视)? against women stop her. She started writing letters to math professors at the school. She asked them questions, and she wrote about her ideas. However, she didn’t sign her own name on the letters. She used a man’s name, Monsieur LeBlanc. This idea worked, and the professors responded to her letters. After a while, one professor asked to meet the brilliant (杰出的) Monsieur LeBlanc. Imagine his surprise! Monsieur LeBlanc was a woman. The professor didn’t tell anyone. He kept Sophie’s secret.
Sophie is famous for her excellent work on a difficult math problem that was a challenge for many other mathematicians. She is also famous for her studies of metal as a building material. Years later, engineers used her ideas to build skyscrapers (摩天大楼), such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris, Sophie’s hometown.
Today, on the base of the Eiffel Tower, there are 72 names of brilliant French scientists and mathematicians. These people all made great contributions to the world. However, there’s one important name that’s missing: ?Sophie Germain.
24. What was Sophie’s parents’ first reaction to her love for math?
A. They disagreed on it.
B. They gave it their full support.
C. They considered it as childish.
D. They pretended not to know about it.
25. How did Sophie manage to keep in touch with some mathematicians?
A. She signed a male name.
B. She was dressed as a man.
C. She told them of her love for math.
D. She sent them her published essays.
26. Which of the following can best describe Sophie?
A. Honest and responsible.
B. Ambitious and sensitive.
C. Determined and talented.
D. Patient and single-minded.
27. What does the author suggest about Sophie in the last paragraph?
A. Her ideas influenced 72 scientists.
B. Her efforts were widely recognized.
C. Her contribution deserved a mention.
D. Her name was written on the Eiffel Tower.
?
C
The island of Cuba is no bigger than Pennsylvania. Yet when it comes to nature, the island is one of the most important places on the planet. That is the message of??Cuba!, an exhibit that opened in November at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), in New York City.
“The biodiversity (生物多样性) of Cuba is part of Cuban identity,”?Ana Luz Porzecanski says. She is the director of the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at AMNH and one of the two curators (a person in charge of a museum exhibit) of the exhibit.
Detailed recreations of four habitats transport typical parts of Cuba’s landscapes and seascapes to New York. They include ancient caves and a network of reefs (珊瑚礁). One area features live anole lizards, a Cuban tree frog, and a Cuban boa.
Cuba?boasts?more than 6,500 species of plants, 161 kinds of reptiles, 65 types of amphibians, 42 species of mammals, and 367 bird species. One of those is the bee hummingbird. Weighing far less than an ounce (about 28 grams), it is the smallest bird on Earth.
Much of the wildlife found in Cuba exists only there. That gives scientists a unique opportunity to study how plants and animals develop and survive.
“Cuba is a very exciting place for us to look at all these different processes,” says Christopher Raxworthy. He is in charge of one department of the museum and a cocurator of the exhibit. “But that also creates great challenges for conservation.”
Climate change is threatening Cuba’s wildlife. Some species may even disappear. The country is taking steps to protect its plants and animals. But AMNH hopes??Cuba!?will show how important the country’s natural world is to everyone.
28. What can be known about??Cuba!?
A. It shows Cuba’s rich biodiversity.
B. It compares the islands on the planet.
C. It features Cuba’s social development.
D. It opens in a museum in Pennsylvania.
29. What does the underlined word “boasts” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Increases.
B. Needs.
C. Has.
D. Expects.
30. What does Christopher find challenging?
A. To organize the exhibition.
B. To observe plants and animals.
C. To study the unique species of Cuba.
D. To protect the native wildlife of Cuba.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Cuba fights climate change
B. Travel from Cuba to America
C. Wildlife conservation faces threat
D. AMNH’s Cuba exhibit explores biodiversity
?
D
As Antarctic ice continues to melt at an alarming rate, scientists warn that the well-being of penguins native to the area is becoming increasingly threatened.
According to a new report, the welfare and existence of at least half of the world’s 18 penguin species?will be badly affected if the warming of the Antarctic Peninsula continues. Experts say that a big part of the problem is related to food: ?Less ice means less krill (磷虾), a cornerstone (基石) of the Antarctic ecosystem and a mainstay of a penguin’s diet.
“When you look at all penguins they are largely in trouble,” said Oxford University penguinologist Tom Hart, who spends a few months every year observing penguins along the Antarctic coast. “We’re so concerned because we’re seeing great changes to their populations. They’re probably not going to go extinct anytime soon, but the environment is changing very fast.”
Emperor penguins, Adelies and chinstraps, for example, live entirely in the Antarctic. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), both emperor penguins and Adelies are considered “near threatened.” Even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable (易危的) species, have?“declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years,”?Hart said.?“The general public doesn’t realize that penguin populations are declining so fast.”
In an interview with the BBC in 2009, Professor Hart warned that emperor penguins could face near-extinction by the end of the century if global warming continued at its present rate.
“Regardless of their environmental preferences, we see a connection between climate change and penguin populations through the loss of habitat of their main food source,” Dr Wayne Trivelpiece, the report’s lead author said. “As warming continues, the loss of krill will have a far-reaching effect throughout the Antarctic ecosystem.”
Since krill feed on phytoplankton (浮游植物) that grow under ice cover, warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing Antarctic krill populations. According to Al Jazeera, other recent studies have shown that krill in the Southern Ocean may have declined by about 80 percent?since the 1970s.
“Simply put, without krill, most of the life forms in the Antarctic would disappear,”?National Geographic?said.
32. What problem will penguins face?
A. Loss of habitat. ???????
B. A shortage of food.
C. Population increase.?????
D. Colder environment.
33. What is Tom Hart’s attitude toward the penguins’ situation?
A. Uncaring. ???????
B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful. ???????
D. Worried.
34. Why does the author mention chinstraps in Paragraph 4?
A. To blame human beings’ unawareness.
B. To underline the dangers penguins face.
C. To give an example of an extinct species.
D. To show how penguins react to global warming.
35. What do the last two paragraphs suggest?
A. Krill loss may have disastrous results.
B. Warming waters bring more phytoplankton.
C. Sea ice disappearance causes krill’s overproducing.
D. Phytoplankton are a key diet of Antarctic creatures.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The zero-effort holiday workout
Build fun activities into your time away and you may even burn off the extra calories (卡路里)? you eat. Try to be active for at least two hours a day.
Go for an evening walk.?Take a leaf out of the book of people in southern Mediterranean countries and go for a walk when it’s a bit cooler. Try to make it a daily routine while you’re away. It’s a pleasant way to experience local life.??36??
Get in the water.?Don’t just relax at the water’s edge but go for a swim from time to time, play games or just walk in the water.??37??Or if that all sounds a bit too cold and wet, rent (租) a rowing boat, or go sailing. Messing about on the water burns calories and exercises your muscles more than being on dry land.
Fly a kite.??38??It will give your upper body a great workout as you struggle with that kite and run to keep it in the air or follow it down when it falls to earth.
Fly a Frisbee?(飞盘).??39??And if you play Frisbee on a sandy beach, you’ll be working those leg muscles that much harder.
?40??Have a daily competition in the swimming pool, such as swimming between people’s legs or making the biggest splash (飞溅), or a week-long badminton tournament. And make sure you make it as silly as possible.
A. Play ball games.
B. Hold a family Olympics.
C. You may never think of it as an exercise.
D. This is an excellent activity for a windy day.
E. And you’ll feel spiritually and physically refreshed.
F. You’ll get your heart rate up every time you run or jump for that plastic plate.
G. Simply standing in the water is a good workout thanks to the action of the water.
?
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first day I was able to get out of bed since getting my heart shattered (难过的). I decided to have a??41?, trying to start feeling human again.?
When my hairdresser asked how I had been, I wanted to say “fine” because that’s what you’re??42??to do when you make small talk.??43??I even realized what was happening, tears started rolling down my cheeks.
?44??missing a beat, this woman who??45??knew me gathered me in her arms and??46??me as I cried.
She said, “I can feel all your pain and it’s??47?.”
I had been feeling so??48??sad and hopeless for days. When people we open our hearts and souls (灵魂) to??49??us, we lose faith.
I was??50??that I couldn’t hold myself together for a simple haircut. I felt like my tears were admitting my??51?. I had lost a friend, and lost a home.
But this stranger took care of me in a way that I so??52?. I opened up to someone I hardly knew, and just let all my hurt pour out into her arms, and she did the same. We??53??together.
In just that moment, my??54??closed just a bit more, and served as a gentle reminder that there are truly??55??people in this world. I began to??56??that I was not alone.
Most importantly, this act of??57??showed me that it’s?okay to??58??that you’re not okay.
In times of??59?, it’s?okay to allow ourselves to be vulnerable.?It’s?okay to let others take care of us sometimes.
When we allow ourselves to be vulnerable, it makes??60??in our hearts for those who deserve a place in it. And in being comfortable with this process, it teaches us to feel for others and care for others who are going through their own pain. It makes us human.
41. A. meal B. haircut C. bath D. trip
42. A. supposed??????????? B. advised C. allowed? ??????? D. taught
43. A. Since ??????????????? B. Though C. Unless ????????? D. Before
44. A. Upon????????????????? B. Without C. Beyond ?????????? D. After
45. A. totally???????????????? B. slightly C. hardly???????????????? D. actually
46. A. followed? ????????? B. controlled C. held??????????????? D. left
47. A. heartbreaking?????? B. satisfying C. surprising ?????? D. interesting
48. A. strangely???????????? B. reasonably C. suddenly?????????? D. terribly
49. A. hurt??????????????????? B. change C. frighten?????????? D. fool
50. A. disappointed??????? B. embarrassed C. discouraged ???? D. confused
51. A. regret???????????????? B. illness C. pressure ?????????? D. failure
52. A. required ? ? ? B. agreed C. needed ??????????? D. hated
53. A. struggled???????????? B. cried C. fought????????? D. decided
54. A. pity??????????????????? B. mouth C. hope????????????????? D. wound
55. A. smart ??????????????? B. rich C. good????????????? D. professional
56. A. understand????????? B. promise C. forget ??????????? D. imagine
57. A. devotion? ????????? B. politeness C. wisdom ???? D. kindness
58. A. worry???????????????? B. explain C. admit??????????? D. prove
59. A. anger ? ? ? ? ? B. sorrow C. anxiety???????????? D. relief
60. A. time??????????????????? B. way C. memory??????????? D. room
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This past April, my friend and I 61. ________ (take) a five-day trip to San Francisco. During our visit, we saw quite a bit of fantastic scenery, ate some delicious food and drank some 62. ________ (taste) wine. It was a fun, relaxing and memorable vacation. But 63. ________ made the getaway truly memorable is that it was the “luckiest” trip I had ever taken!
When I say “luckiest”, I mean 64. ________ great many aspects of our vacation that were beyond our control happened to go in our favor. In San Francisco, the weather was 65. ________ (absolute) beautiful, with sunshine and mild temperatures. The city has a reputation 66. ________? being foggy and windy, so we were fortunate 67. ________ (experience) the lovely weather while we were there. In addition, we went to Pier 51, which is home to some sea lions during certain times of the year. We visited when there were hundreds of 68. ________ (they) on and around platforms just off the pier.
Our trip to San Francisco was lucky for 69. ________ (reason) other than weather and seasonal factors. For example, during our first night there, our hotel manager recommended a restaurant, whose service and cuisine were excellent; and the prices were much 70. ________ (fair) than I would have guessed!
?
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I always make sure of I won’t take any stress or worry into exams. Instead, I try to show the highest positive spirits because my classmates also become positive. I did a same thing last Friday. I wasn’t well prepared with an upcoming chemistry exam and didn’t know how it would go. However, I decided to do whatever made me feeling happy and spread joy around as usually. I went to school and saw everyone was worried, so I told some jokes make a light environment. The way I told the jokes change everything and all my classmates soon felt relaxing. As a result, we did well in the exams.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你叫李华，你的加拿大笔友玛丽发来电子邮件询问你家乡的概况，请根据以下要点用英语给她回一封邮件。
??? 1.?地理位置；2.?交通条件；3.?著名景点；4.?特色小吃。
注意：1.?词数100左右；2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
?
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Staff picks
Beauty of mushrooms
Artist and photographer Jill Bliss will change your view of mushrooms with her photos, which you can find at?http: //bit.ly/mushroomphotos. Bliss arranges mushrooms and other objects she sees in nature almost like bouquets (花束).
Shining pop elements?(元素)
All the elements of great pop music — exciting songcraft, a commanding singer, and a band that plays with total commitment — are there and shining like diamonds on Waxahatchee’s new album,Out in the Storm. In what’s turning out to be a very impressive year for female bandleaders, writer/singer Katie Crutchfield and her rocking all-female band are on a roll.
Track time change
If you’re tired from your international flight and trying to remember if the kids will still be awake for a call or to schedule a conference (会议?) call for work, the app Circa can help you keep track of time in many different locations. It’ll give you one less thing to worry about. The app is $3.99 for iOS and free for Android users.
“Finest”?propaganda?(宣传)
The movie?Their Finest?set during World War II, centers on the film division of the British Ministry of Information, where Catrin Cole (Gemma Arterton) is employed, making movies that appeal to women. Film critic Peter Rainer writes that “the film’s best comic character is Ambrose Hilliard ... performed with plenty of playful fun by that great scene-stealer Bill Nighy.”?Their Finest?is available on DVD and Blu-ray.
Fab Four favorite
Four Liverpudlians taught us that all you need is love. After reading Andrew Blauner’s?In Their Lives: ?Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs,?you may find that all you need is to find your own favorite Fab Four tune (曲子). Join nearly 30 creative types, from Touré and Rosanne Cash to Jane Smiley and Roz Chast, as they dive into music, memories, and meaning, all to a backing Beatles beat.
1. What do we know about Katie Crutchfield’s band?
A. It performs folk music.
B. Its members are female.
C. It is an overnight success.
D. Its target audience is women.
2. What is the main fun_ction of the app Circa?
A. To plan users’ overseas travel.
B. To record users’ important meetings.
C. To remind users of international calls.
D. To tell world time across different places.
3. What can be inferred about Bill Nighy?
A. He directed many war films.
B. He often outshines other actors.
C. He is attractive to female viewers.
D. He played the male lead in?Their Finest.
4. Who is a writer?
A. Jill Bliss.
B. Catrin Cole.
C. Peter Rainer.
D. Andrew Blauner.
?
B
When Anthony and Jacqueline Rich’s dog Monty died last November at the age of 14, the couple, who are in their sixties and have had dogs for forty years of married life, were?devastated. Today there is another dog Ollie at their home. He came to them after the death of his 81-year-old owner and they already?“love him to pieces”. It’s a simple enough equation?—?bereaved (丧失亲人的) owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties.
The benefits of animal companionship for older people are now well documented; it is the practicalities that often prove the stumbling block (绊脚石). This month Dr June McNicholas, a health psychologist at Warwick University, will carry out a study which aims to identify those factors (因素) that may prevent the elderly from keeping pets and which suggests possible solutions.
“Old people with pets are generally more active,”?she says.?“Obviously, walking a dog is good exercise and can also be a way of preserving social contacts (接触) or making new friendships, but even just getting up and down to see to the cat or going to the shops for food is better than nothing. Research has also found that those who have animals are likely to keep their homes warmer in winter and to feed themselves more regularly. Self-care is often tied in with pet care, which is especially important for those who live alone.”
In an earlier project McNicholas studied the role of animals in helping people widowed (寡居的) after long marriages. Among 200 subjects, she found that symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness and feelings of hopelessness and helplessness were all lowered among pet owners.
McNicholas says, “In the early stages, the animal was a continuing link with the loved one. The bereaved often want to talk about the person they’ve lost, but other people don’t, so instead they talk to the dog, which responds to the name. One woman told me, ‘When I want to talk, I talk to my daughter; when I need to cry, I cry with my dog.’ We have no way of knowing whether animals are actually sympathetic, but they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives comfort. So in a way it doesn’t matter whether it is real; it feels real.”
5. What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Grateful.
B. Relaxed.
C. Sorrowful.
D. Confused.
6. What does McNicholas mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?
A. The benefits of keeping a pet.
B. The troubles pet owners face.
C. Factors preventing people having pets.
D. Ways of handling old people’s loneliness.
7. What did McNicholas’s earlier study find?
A. Pets often show their owners sympathy.
B. Pets can respond to their owners’ needs.
C. Pets serve as their owners’ spiritual guide.
D. Pets can help their owners with their sadness.
8. What is the best title for the text?
A. Get along well with your new pet
B. You are never too old to have a pet
C. Start your later life with a new hobby
D. Help older people live fully and happily
参考答案??????????????????????????????
21-25 DABAA 26-30 CCACD 31-35 DBDBA 36-40 EGDFB
41-45 BADBC 46-50 CADAB 51-55 DCBDC ? ? ? 56-60 ADCBD
61. took 62. tasty 63. what 64. a 65. absolutely
66. for 67. to experience ? 68. them? 69. reasons 70. fairer
短文改错
71. ... make sure of ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 去掉of?或of?→?that
72. ... because my classmates ...?? ??? because?→?so
73. ... a same thing ...????????? ????????????? a?→?the
74. ... well prepared with ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? with?→?for
75. ... made me feeling ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? feeling?→?feel
76. ... as usually. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? usually?→?usual
77. ... make a light ...?????? ??????????????????? make前加to
78. ... jokes change everything ... ? ? ? ? change?→?changed
79. ... soon felt relaxing. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? relaxing?→?relaxed
80. ... in the exams. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? exams?→?exam
书面表达
One possible version：
Dear Mary,
I’m delighted to hear from you. Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Pingyao.
Pingyao, located in central Shanxi Province, is a place with an incredibly rich and long history. There are many historical sites in Pingyao. The Ancient City of Pingyao, for example, is one of the best preserved ancient cities in China. Millions of people from all over the world come to visit it every year. It is convenient to get here by bus or train. As for the local snacks, don’t miss out on Pingyao beef, which enjoys a high reputation in China.
Such is Pingyao, an extremely charming place. Come here whenever you want.
Yours,
Li Hua
?
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇?(个人情况)
本文是应用文。文章是对年轻演员Ansel Elgort的采访。
21. D。细节理解题。由第三段中的He said,?“When you’re ready, I want you to sing it.”?He told me that that was what got me the role可知，Ansel Elgort凭借自己演唱Easy这首歌而获得Baby Driver这部电影中的角色。
22. A。细节理解题。由You’re known for your brave and confident fashion choices可知，Ansel Elgort的着装相当时尚。
23. B。推理判断题。由最后一段中的I don’t look at The Fault in Our Stars as a teenage movie. I looked at it like, this is a great script and a good character, and I was excited to do it可知，Ansel Elgort认为The Fault in Our Stars这部电影很不错，剧本很好，角色也不错。
B篇?(个人情况)
本文是记叙文。索菲?热尔曼从小热爱数学，但不为家庭所鼓励。身为女性，她被拒于巴黎综合工科学校大门之外，顾虑到当时普遍存在的对女性科学家的成见，她常常不得不以假名和其他数学家通信。热尔曼的求学故事折射出了当时女性求学的困难和自卑，但她通过不懈的努力在数学理论等方面都取得了出色的成果，成为法国历史上最有名的女数学家?。
24. A。细节理解题。由第三段中的Sophie’s parents ... tried to stop her和Sophie’s parents found out, and they took away her candles可知，索菲的父母一开始极力阻止她学数学。
25. A。细节理解题。由第四段中的she didn’t sign her own name on the letters. She used a man’s name, Monsieur LeBlanc可知，索菲并没有在信上签她自己的名字，而是签了一个男性的名字，这一做法奏效了，她得以和一些数学家通信。
26. C。推理判断题。文章第二段提到在十八世纪初的法国，社会对女性存在歧视；第三段讲到索菲的父母极力阻止她学数学，甚至把她悄悄用来学习的蜡烛没收了，但是这依然没有阻止索菲学习的热情和脚步；第四段提到索菲被拒于巴黎综合工科学校大门之外后，用假名与一些数学家通信，她的才华受到一位数学家的赞誉；第五段讲述了索菲在数学领域和金属研究方面的卓越成就。综上可知，索菲是一位意志坚定、才华出众的女性。
27. C。推理判断题。由最后一段中的there’s one important name that’s missing: ?Sophie Germain可知，埃菲尔铁塔上刻着72位优秀的法国科学家和数学家的名字，但是没有索菲?热尔曼的名字，而工程师正是基于热尔曼的研究才建了像埃菲尔铁塔这样的摩天大楼。由此可推断，作者暗含的意思是索菲?热尔曼对于建造埃菲尔铁塔所做出的贡献应当受到世人的肯定。
C篇?(社会)
本文是说明文。美国自然历史博物馆举办的展览?Cuba!展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。
28. A。细节理解题。由第一段中的when it comes to nature, the island is one of the most important places on the planet. That is the message of??Cuba!以及第二段中的The biodiversity of Cuba is part of Cuban identity可知，?Cuba!是在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的一次展览，主要展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。
29. C。词义猜测题。由划线词后的6,500 species of plants, 161 kinds of reptiles, 65 types of amphibians, 42 species of mammals, and 367 bird species可知，古巴拥有6500种植物、161种爬行动物、65种两栖动物、42种哺乳动物和367种鸟类，这也照应了上文中提到的古巴丰富的生物多样性。
30. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的But that also creates great challenges for conservation可知，保护古巴的野生动植物是一大挑战。
31. D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的展览?Cuba!展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。D项作标题符合文章主旨。
D篇?(热点话题)
本文是说明文。南极洲的冰层因气候变暖持续融化，这已严重影响到企鹅的生存。
32. B。细节理解题。由第二段中的a big part of the problem is related to food: ?Less ice means less krill ... penguin’s diet可知，由于南极冰层的持续融化，企鹅将面临的问题主要与食物有关，冰少了意味着磷虾少了，磷虾是南极洲生态系统的基石，也是企鹅的主要食物。
33. D。观点态度题。由第三段中的they are largely in trouble和We’re so concerned because we’re seeing great changes to their populations ... the environment is changing very fast可知，牛津大学的企鹅研究专家Tom Hart对企鹅的现状非常担忧。
34. B。推理判断题。由第四段中的Even populations of chinstraps, not usually considered a vulnerable species, have?“declined by up to 50 percent in the last 30 years,”可知，帽带企鹅并非易危物种，但是它们的数量在过去的30年里也下降了50%；由此可知，作者提到帽带企鹅的数量大幅下降，是为了强调企鹅的处境非常危险，气候变暖给它们的生存带来极大的影响。
35. A。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的warming waters and disappearing sea ice have contributed to decreasing Antarctic krill populations以及最后一段中的without krill, most of the life forms in the Antarctic would disappear可知，气候变暖使得南极的冰融化，这导致磷虾的数量锐减，而如果没有磷虾，南极大部分生命都会消失。
第二节
话题：日常活动
本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了几项可以在假期进行的锻炼活动。
36. E。由该段中的go for a walk when it’s a bit cooler和该空前的It’s a pleasant way to experience local life可知，晚上出去散步，既可以燃烧卡路里，还可以体验当地的生活，你会在精神和身体上都感到很舒畅。
37. G。由该段的Get in the water可知，G项内容“只是站在水里也是很好的运动，因为水的推动会对身体产生作用”符合此处语境。
38. D。由该空前的Fly a kite可知，在有风天放风筝是一项很好的活动。
39. F。F项中的you run or jump for that plastic plate是对Fly a Frisbee这项活动的描述。
40. B。由该段中的competition和tournament可知，B项“举办一个家庭奥林匹克运动会”适合作本段的标题。
?
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：人际关系
本文是记叙文。作者在最脆弱、最无助的时候得到理发师的关怀和支持，这让作者懂得自己并不孤单，世界上有真正的好人。
41. B。由下文中的my hairdresser可知，“我”决定去“理发（haircut）”。
42. A。由上文中的say?“fine”以及该空后的when you make small talk可知，当理发师问“我”?最近好吗，“我”想说“很好”，因为这是在闲聊时你“该（supposed）”说的。
43. D。由文中的描述可知，“我”“还未（Before）”反应过来发生了什么，泪水已经顺着“我”的脸颊流了下来。
44. B。由文中的描述可知，这位女士“毫无迟疑地（Without missing a beat）”把“我”抱在怀里。
45. C。由下文中的this stranger took care of me可知，这位女士“几乎不（hardly）”认识“我”。
46. C。由该空前的gathered me in her arms可知，她在“我”哭的时候也“抱着（held）”“我”。
47. A。由上文中的cried以及该空前的feel all your pain可知，她说：“我能感受到你的痛楚，真’令人心碎（heartbreaking）’”。
48. D。由上文中的getting my heart shattered可知，几天来“我”感到“非常地（terribly）”悲伤和绝望。
49. A。由文中的描述可知，此处指当我们推心置腹的人“伤害（hurt）”?我们时，我们就会失去信心。下文的let all my hurt pour out为提示。
50. B。由该空后的I couldn’t hold myself together for a simple haircut可知，“我”感到很“尴尬（embarrassed）”，因为“我”在理发时抑制不住地哭了。
51. D。由该空后的I had lost a friend, and lost a home可知，作者认为流眼泪就是承认她的“失败（failure）”。
52. C。由上文的描述可知，这位女士在作者最“需要（needed）”的时候给她以关怀。
53. B。由该空前的I opened up to someone ... and she did the same以及下文中的?I was not alone可知，我们一起“哭（cried）”了。
54. D。由该空后的closed just a bit more, and served as a gentle reminder可知，就在那一刻，“我”的“伤口（wound）”愈合了一点。
55. C。由上文中的描述可知，这也提醒“我”世界上有真正的“好（good）”人。
56. A。由该空后的I was not alone可知，“我”开始“懂得（understand）”“我”并不孤单。
57. D。58. C。由上文的描述可知，这一“善（kindness）”举让“我”懂得“承认（admit）”自己的脆弱并没有什么关系。
59. B。由上文的描述以及该空后的allow ourselves to be vulnerable和let others take care of us sometimes可知，在“悲伤（sorrow）”的时候，允许自己脆弱，让他人来关心自己是很正常的。
60. D。由下文中的for those who deserve a place in it可知，当我们允许自己脆弱时，我们就在内心为那些值得的人留出了“空间（room）”。
第二节
61. took。考查一般过去时。由语境及时间状语This past April可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填took。
62. tasty。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰wine，表示“可口的”，故填tasty。
63. what。考查连接词。设空处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，由that it was the?“luckiest”?trip I had ever taken可知，此处应填what。
64. a。考查不定冠词。a great many意为“许多”。
65. absolutely。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词beautiful，故填副词absolutely。
66. for。考查介词。have a reputation for ...?意为“以……出名”。
67. to experience。考查不定式作宾语的用法。be fortunate to do sth.?意为“很幸运做某事”。
68. them。考查代词。设空处作宾语，指代sea lions，故填them。
69. reasons。考查名词复数。设空处作宾语，因为reason是可数名词且其前无限定词，故填reasons。
70. fairer。考查形容词比较级。由than以及上文中excellent可知，设空处应填fair的比较级fairer。
?
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 BDBD??? 5-8 CADB
解析
A篇?(购物)
本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了五款店员推荐的产品。
1. B。细节理解题。由Shining pop elements介绍内容中的Katie Crutchfield and her rocking all-female band are on a roll可知，这一乐队的成员都是女性。
2. D。推理判断题。由Track time change介绍内容中的the app Circa can help you keep track of time in many different locations可知，这款手机应用程序可以帮助用户在很多不同的地点跟踪时间。
3. B。推理判断题。由“Finest”?propaganda介绍内容中的performed with plenty of playful fun by that great scene-stealer Bill Nighy可知，Bill Nighy是一位抢镜高手，他的表演会吸引观众的注意力。
4. D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的After reading Andrew Blauner’s In Their Lives: ?Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs ...可知，Andrew Blauner是In Their Lives: Great Writers On Great Beatles Songs这本书的作者，他是一名作家。
B篇?(社会)
本文是议论文。文章主要讲述了养宠物的好处。
5. C。词义猜测题。由第一段中的Monty died和have had dogs for forty years of married life以及bereaved owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties可知，当Anthony和Jacqueline Rich夫妇的狗Monty死后，他们非常伤心。
6. A。段落大意题。由第三段的描述可知，本段主要讲述了养宠物给老人带来的好处：老人会更积极、得到更多的锻炼、保持社交，宠物还可以激励老人照顾好自己。
7. D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness ... were all lowered among pet owners和最后一段中的they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives comfort可知，宠物能给予主人安慰，尤其能带给寡居老人快乐和慰藉，让他们不那么悲伤、绝望和无助。
8. B。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，June McNicholas博士的研究发现养宠物可以给寡居老人带来精神上的慰藉，让他们变得更积极，得到更多的锻炼，保持社交的延续性，并激励他们照顾好自己，由此可知，养宠物有很多益处。故B项作标题能恰当概括文章主旨。