译林牛津高一英语下学期模块3 Unit 1 The world of our senses知识点讲解教案

模块 3
Unit 1 The world of our senses
重点单词
1. confuse vt. 使（某人）困惑；把……与……混淆
confusion n. 混乱；混淆
confused adj. 混乱的；困惑的
confusing adj. 令人困惑的
【常见搭配】
be confused by/ about … 被……搞混 confuse … with/ and … 把……与……混淆 get/ become confused 困惑，不知所措 cause confusion 造成困惑、混乱 in confusion 尴尬地；处于混乱状态

【即时演练】
A: 完成下列句子
1. He looked at me __________________ and did not answer the question.
他困窘地看着我，没有回答问题。
2. People often _____________________________. 人们常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。
3. It is important to explain this problem again or we will _________________________.
再解释一遍这个问题很重要，否则我们会混淆不清的。
【答案】 1. in confusion 2. confuse me and/ with my twin sister 3. get confused
B: 单选
Recently our government policymakers are very _______about the rapidly rising food costs.
A. upset B. confused C. concerned D. conscious
【解析】句意：近来我们的政府决策者非常担心快速上涨的食品价格。be concerned about“对……担忧”；be upset about“对……难过”；be confused about“被……搞混”；be conscious of“意识到……”。
【答案】 C
2. observe vt. 观察，注意到；遵守；奉行；庆祝
observation n. 观察；评论
【常见搭配】
observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth. 注意到、观察某人正在做某事 observe that… 观察…… observe the law 遵守法律 observe festivals 庆祝节日 under observation 受到监视

◆ When I looked out of the window, I observed several boys playing basketball.
当我向窗外看时，我注意到几个男孩正在打篮球。
◆ We should observe the rules of our school. 我们应当遵守学校的规则制度。
◆ After living abroad for many years, many Chinese still observe traditional festivals.
在国外生活了许多年后，很多中国人仍然庆祝传统节日。
【即时演练】
（浙大附中2013届高三10月月考）
It is required that all traffic participants should ______ the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.
A. perform B. observe C. support D. possess
【解析】句意：按要求所有的交通参与者（即驾驶员）应用遵守交通规则从而确保交通更安全、更快。observe the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”；perform“完成；履行”；support“支持”；possess“拥有”。
【答案】 B
3. glance vi. 看一下，瞥一眼 n. 瞥视，乍看
【常见搭配】
glance at 瞥一眼；扫视；浏览；粗略地看 glance down/ over/ through 浏览；粗略地看 at a glance 乍看之下，一看就…… at first glance 乍一看 cast/ take/ give a glance at sb./ sth. 看……一眼

◆ While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.
当其他乘客陆续下车的时候， 波利扫视了一下周围的面孔。
◆ When he left, he took a glance at her face. 当他离开时，他匆匆地看了一下她的脸。
【词义辨析】
glance at (不经意地)瞥一眼；匆匆一瞥
glare at 怒目而视；瞪眼
stare at 表示由于生气、惊讶、很感兴趣或者深思而长时间目不转睛地直视。

【即时演练】
用glance/ glare/ stare 的适当形式填空
1) She was __________ the footprint, full of fear.
2) He didn’t shout or swear, but just _______ silently ______ me.
3) He __________ the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
【答案】 1. staring at 2. glared; at 3. glanced at
4. nowhere adv. 到处都没有，无处
【常见搭配】
nowhere to be seen/ found 不可能找到或看见 nowhere near 差得远，远不及，远非，绝不是

【名师点拨】
当nowhere放在句首时，句中谓语结构要用倒装结构。
Nowhere else could one find such beautiful scenery. 别处找不到这样美丽的景色。
【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配中词组填空
1. Our savings were _______________ enough to buy a house.
2. The key to the door was __________________________.
【答案】 1. nowhere near 2. nowhere to be found/seen
B:
（南京2014届高三三模）
When you run so fast to get ______, you miss the fun of getting there. Life is not a race, so take it slower.
A. anywhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. somewhere
【解析】句意：当你跑得太快到达某地时，你会错失到那儿的乐趣。生活不是比赛，因此瞒着点。
【答案】D
5. approach v. 接近，靠近；处理 n. 接近，靠近；方法
【常见搭配】
an approach to … ……的途径/ 方法 with the approach of … 随着……的临近 with … approaching 随着……的临近

【名师点拨】
常见“方法”词汇及搭配用法
1) the approach to (doing) sth. / the method of (doing) sth./ the way to do/ of (doing) sth.
2) in this way=by this means= with this method
【即时演练】
A: 完成下列句子
1. When he studied abroad, he learned _________________________ English.
当他在国外留学时，他学会了学习英语的新方法。
2. _____________________ the airport were blocked by the police.
所有通往机场的路都被警察封锁了。
3. ____________________________________________, some students became worried.
随着期末考试的临近，有些学生变得紧张起来。
【答案】 1. a new approach to learning 2. All the approaches to 3. With the approach of the final exam/ With the final exam approaching
B: 单选
（安徽“江淮十校”2014届高三第一次联考）
According to a UN report，one third of the world population have no ______ to clean drinking water and health care.
A. means B. approach C. channel D. access
【解析】句意：根据联合国的报告，三分之一的世界人口不能享用清洁的饮用水和健康医疗。have access to“利用……的权利”。
【答案】D
6. suit v. 适合，适宜；满足；与……相配 n. 套装
suitable adj. 适当的，相称的
【常见搭配】
suit sth. to sth. 使……适合…… be suited for/ to (doing) sth. 适合做……；对……适宜 suit oneself 随自己的意愿行事 be suitable for 适宜……

◆ Arriving at the destination, I find the climate there suits me very well. ?
一到目的地，我就发现那里的气候非常适合我。
◆ The new dress suits her very well. 这新套装非常配她。
◆ Your behavior wasn’t suited to the occasion. 你的行为不合时宜。
【词义辨析】
suit 指款式、颜色或花样等适合某人。
fit 指大小、尺寸合体。
match 指大小、色调、形状或性质等方面的搭配。

【即时演练】
（湖北省八市2013届高三三月调考）
Chengdu is famous for various kinds of snacks. Prepared in different ways, they____ different tastes, good quality and low prices.
A. spill B. feature C. suit D. distribute
【解析】句意：成都因各种各样的小吃而出名。用不同的方法去准备，他们具有不同口味、质量好及低价的特征。feature“以……为特色”；spill“使……溢出”；suit“适合”；distribute“分配；散发”。
【答案】 B
7. contrary adj. 相反的 n. 相反
【常见搭配】
contrary to 与……相反的 on the contrary 相反地（的）

【名师点拨】
contrary to 后需接宾语；on the contrary后用逗号与句子隔开。
【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配中的词组填空
1. — The job isn’t interesting, is it?
— _______________, it is fascinating. I love it.
2. ____________ popular belief, the professor holds his own view that it will never happen.
【答案】 1. On the contrary 2. Contrary to
B: 单选
(2012江西卷) He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris. , he had a wonderful time.
A. Above all B. What’s more C. As a result D. On the contrary
【解析】句意： 他好像给人一种他在巴黎玩得不愉快的印象。恰恰相反，他玩得非常愉快。on the contrary“相反地”；above all“最重要的是”；what’s more“更重要的是”；as a result“结果”。
【答案】 D
8. likely adj. 可能的
【常见搭配】
It is likely that … 很可能…… 主语+ be likely to do sth. ……有可能做某事

◆ It’s very likely that my parents will not allow me to go. 很可能我父母不会让我去。
◆ She is very likely to ring me tonight, so I shall stay at home.
她今晚很可能给我打电话，所以我今晚将待在家里。
【词义辨析】
likely 既可以用人也可以用物作主语，常用句型是：It is likely that …或sb.／sth. is likely to...。
possible 不能用人作主语，常用句型有：It is possible (for sb.) to do 或It is possible that...。
probable 不能用人作主语，只能用It is probable that …句型。

◆ He is likely to come tomorrow. = It is likely that he will come tomorrow.
明天他可能会来。
◆ It’s possible that he will attend the meeting on behalf of his manager.
他也许会代表他的经理去出席会议。
◆ It’s probable that the cost will be greater than we expect.
很可能花费比我们料想的要多。
【即时演练】
（天津市塘沽区2013届高三第二次月考）
Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure
【解析】句意：研究表明，如果人们总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前面，他们的背部更有可能会出问题。句子主语是people，故只能用likely。
【答案】 A
9. attach vt. 安装；贴上；系上；使……附属于……；认为，给予（重要性）
attachment n. 安装；附属（品）；夹子；爱慕
【常见搭配】
attach sth. to 将……安装/ 贴上 attach importance/ significance to … 重视…… be attached to … 附属于……/ 爱慕、依恋……

【即时演练】
A: 完成下列句子
1. The high school which __________________ draws many students attention every year.
附属于我们大学的那所高中每年吸引了许多学生的注意。
2. Our country __________________________ education. 我们的国家非常重视教育。
3. Please _______________________________, and help me post it.
请把邮票贴到信封上，然后帮我寄掉。
【答案】 1. is attached to our university 2. attaches great significance to
3. attach the stamp to the envelope
B: 单选
（江苏淮州中学2014届高三三模）
—Did Zhou Libo say anything that _____ you in Mr Zhou Live Show?
—Not really. Actually I slept through his performance.
A. adapted to B. attached to C. referred to D. appealed to
【解析】句意：“在周立波现场秀里，周立波说了一下吸引你的话了吗？”“并不是这样。事实上当他表演时我睡着了。”appeal to“呼吁；吸引”；adapt to“适应”；attach to“附着于……”；refer to“提及，参考”。
【答案】D
重要短语
1. in sight = within sight 看得到；在视力范围之内
◆ There are many cars in sight on the road during rush hours.
在高峰期间路上可看到有很多汽车。
【相关拓展】
out of sight 看不见；在视野之外 at first sight 乍一看，初看时 at the sight of 一看到…… lose sight of 看不见 lose one’s sight 失明 catch sight of 看见，发现 come in／into sight呈现在眼前

【即时演练】
(2012湖北卷)The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _______ in the garden of a traditional home.
A. out of question B. out of order C. out of sight D. out of place
【解析】句意：因其现代的风格和明亮的颜色，这家具适合现代房子和它们的花园，但是在传统家庭的花园里看上去就不合适了。out the place“不合适的，不相称的”；out of question“毫无疑问”；out of order“发生故障”；out of sight“看不见”。
【答案】 D
2. set off vi. 出发，动身；
vt. 燃放，引爆；使（机器等）开动，起动；使（某人）开始做某事；引起，激发（尤指意为事件）
◆ The holiday is approaching, so they decide to set off on a trip.
假期即将到来，因此他们决定启程去旅行。
◆ The children gathered in the garden to set the fireworks off.
孩子们聚到花园里燃放烟花。
◆ If you come across a fire, you must set off the fire alarm.
如果你遭遇火灾，你必须要起动火警报警器。
◆ You must remember that whatever you say will set her off crying.
你必须要记住无论你说什么都会使她哭泣。
【相关拓展】
set about (doing) sth. 开始、着手做某事 set out to do 开始、着手做某事 set aside 保留，储蓄；搁置；忽视 set back 使……退后；阻碍；拨回（慢）钟表 set down 放下，使着落；写下；规定，确定 set out 出发，动身；陈列；陈述 set up 竖立；搭；创设；建立；使（某人）开业

【即时演练】
(2012浙江卷)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_______ preparing your business plan.
A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up
【解析】句意：用你所收集到的信息武装好自己，这样你就可以着手准备你的商业计划了。set about doing sth.“开始着手干某事”；set out to do sth. “开始着手干某事”；set off“出发；引爆”；set up“搭；建立”。
【答案】 B
3. watch out (for) 留意；留心；密切注意，戒备；提防
◆ I advised them to watch out for slick spots on the sidewalk.
我建议他们当心人行道上路滑的地方。
【相关拓展】
watch for 盼望，等待 watch out = look out 小心，提防 watch over 保卫，守卫，留心，注视 keep watch 注视，监视，值班 on watch 守望，值班 be on the watch for sb.／sth. 留意某人／物

【即时演练】
A: 用相关拓展中的词组填空
1. When you are on the street, ___________________ thieves.
2. You’ll have to ____________________ the right moment.
3. The police’s responsibility is to ______________________ the safety of the community.
【答案】 1. be on the watch for 2. watch for 3. watch over
B: 单选
When you go out for a walk, you must ______ the dangerous dog on the road.
A. call for B. leave for C. watch out for D. look out
【解析】句意：当你出去散步时，一定要留意路上危险的狗。watch out for= look out for “小心，留意……”；call for“要求，大声呼叫”；leave for“离开去……”。
【答案】 C
4. make a difference (to sb./ sth.) 对……有影响、作用
◆ Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 转学对我的一生有着重大影响。
【相关拓展】
make a/ some/ no difference to sb./ sth. 对……有些/没有关系 make all the difference (to sb./ sth.) （对……）关系重大

【即时演练】
— Why don’t you try to do exercise to lose weight?
— I have tried everything but it has made little ______.
A. effect B. result C. conclusion D. difference
【解析】句意：“你为什么不尝试锻炼来减肥？”“我已试过所有办法，但几乎不起作用。”make little difference“几乎不起作用”。
【答案】 D
5. reach out (手)伸出；伸出(手)
◆ She reached out her hands to the keyboard and began to play.
她将手伸向键盘并开始演奏。
【相关拓展】
reach for 伸手…… reach out one’s hand(s)for sth. 伸手拿某物 out of reach 无法联系上；无法拿到 out of／beyond one’s reach/ the reach of sb. 在某人够不着的范围内；力所不能及 within the reach of sb./ one’s reach 在某人够得着的范围内 reach sth. 够得着/碰得到某物

【即时演练】
A: 用相关拓展中的词组填空
1. I like to have my reference books _______________________.
2. Keep all medicines ___________________________ children.
【答案】 1. within my reach 2. out of the reach of
B: 单选
Sports cars such as Ferraris and Porsches are priced ______ the reach of most people.
A. under B. out C. within D. beyond
【解析】句意：像法拉利和保时捷运动跑车的价格超出了绝大数人的购买能力。beyond the reach of sb.“超出某人的能力范围”。
【答案】 D
6. make the most of 充分利用
◆ We should make the most of every minute to finish the task ahead of time.
我们应该充分利用好每一分钟从而提前完成这任务。
【相关拓展】
make the best / full use/ good use of 充分利用 make use of 利用

【即时演练】
In order to make more progress, you should _______ your spare time.
A. make best of B. make the most of C. make up D. make the use of
【解析】句意：为了能取得更大进步，你应该充分利用好你的空余时间。make the best
of= make the most of= make full use of“充分利用”。make up“弥补”。
【答案】 B
句型解剖
1. Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉盯着自己身边站着的一个男人，他的手搭在她的胳膊上。她睁大眼睛盯着他看。
句中found herself staring up at为find的复合结构用法。
find后接复合结构的用法如下：
1）find sb./ sth. + 宾补，意为“发现……（做某事或处于某种状态）”，其宾补可为分词、形容词、副词或介词短语。
◆ When she woke up, she found herself in the hospital.
她醒来时，发现自己在医院里。
◆ They found the lost child hidden in the cave.
他们发现那个失踪的孩子藏在山洞里。
2）find it adj. to do/ doing/ that 从句 认为……是……
◆ I find it amazing that a person at your age can’t swim.
我认为像你这年龄的人不会游泳很令人惊奇。
【名师点拨】
除find外，consider, think, make, feel等也可用于“动词 it +形容词 +to do/doing/ that从句”这结构。
◆ I think it impossible to finish all the homework within the time given.
我认为在限定时间内容完成所有的家作是不可能的。
【即时演练】
（2011浙江卷）Even the best writers find themselves _______for words.
A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost
【解析】句意：即使最好的作家有时也会发现自己有时表达不出来。过去分词lost作themselves的宾补。
【答案】 B
2. A blind person like me can’t get across the road without help, except in a fog like this.
像我这样的瞎子没人帮助是无法过街的，除非是在像这样的大雾里。
except“除……外”，其后所接搭配有如下几种：
名词/ 代词
for + 名词/ 代词
except 介词 + 名词/ 代词
that +从句
wh- +从句
◆ I like all kinds of music except jazz. 我喜欢各种音乐，除了爵士乐。
◆ Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
你的作文不错，除了几个拼写错误。
◆ I go to school by bike expcept on rainy days. 除雨天外我骑车去上学。
◆ I go to school by bike except when it is raining. 除雨天外我骑车去上学。
◆ We know nothing about him except that he comes from the south.
除了他来自南方以外，我们对他一无所知。
【名师点拨】
1）except后接的宾语与前面的主语是一类人或物；而except for后的宾语与前面主语是不同类的。
2）except that接的从句部分句子结构完整；except +wh-+从句部分结构不完整，所缺成分用相应的疑问词替代。
【即时演练】
— How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful _________ our car broke down twice on the way.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. except when
【解析】句意：“你们的峨眉之旅如何？”“一切都很好，除了在路上我们的车在路上抛锚两次外。”空格后是句子，排除A、B两项；句子结构完整，故用that。
【答案】 C
3. Don’t be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼：你被闪电击中的几率要比受到鲨鱼袭击的可能性大30倍。
句中time意为“倍数”，修饰比较级more likely。
倍数表达法的常见结构：

比较级 + than
as + 原级+ as
倍数+ the size/ length/ height/ width of + n.
what + 从句
that/ those of
◆ Your school is three times bigger than ours. 你们的学校比我们的学校大3倍。
◆ Your school is four times as big as ours. 你们的学校是我们学校的4倍大。
◆ Your school is four times the size of ours. 你们的学校是我们学校的4倍大。
◆ They have produced three times as many cars this year as they did last year.
他们今年生产的汽车数量是去年的3倍多。
◆ He eats twice what you eat. 他吃的东西是你吃的两倍多。
【名师点拨】
1） 倍数应放在比较级前，同时同学们应记住各种结构的特点：如比较级后一定与than连用；as…… as结构中比用原形。
2）两倍用twice或double，三倍及三倍以上用 “数词+times”表示。
【即时演练】
（2011陕西卷）The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
【解析】句意：为下一届亚运会在建的新体育馆将是目前这个的三倍大。倍数应放在比较级前。
【答案】 B