模块 3
Unit 2 Language
重点单词
1. occupy vt. 占领,占据;占(空间、地位等);占去时间
occupation n. 职业;占领
【常见搭配】
be occupied with sth./ in doing sth. = occupy oneself with sth./ in doing sth. 正从事/专心于……,在忙着…… by occupation 职业上 = by profession
【名师点拨】
1) 当用occupy作状语时,如后接介词with或in,用occupied形式;如接oneself,则
用occupying形式。
2) 类似用法的词有:be devoted to/devote oneself to; be dressed in/ dress oneself (sb.); be
faced with/ face sth.; be dedicated to/ dedicate oneself to; be seated in/ seat oneself等。
【即时演练】
A: 完成句子
1. I know she often ________________________ all kinds of information about this
subject. 我知道她经常忙于收集有关这题材的所有信息。
2. The dinner and speeches _____________________. 晚餐和演讲占用了3个小时。
【答案】1. occupies herself / is occupied in collecting 2. occupied three hours
B: 单选
(江苏省启东中学2014届高三第一次月考)
Fully ________ in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy various activities in the club.
A. attached B. occupied C. contributed D. devoted
【解析】句意:一直在家忙着照看三个孩子,她再也没有时间享受俱乐部的各种活动。be occupied in doing sth.“专心于……;在忙着……”。
【答案】B
2. raise vt. 举起,抬高,提高(音量);使某人晋升,种植;饲养(家畜);抚育(子女);引
起(疑问、开心);提出(问题、质疑、抗议等)
【常见搭配】
raise sb. to one’s feet 把某人扶起来 raise one’s voice 提高声音 raise money for... 为……筹款 raise a question 提出问题 raise a family 养家糊口 raise hopes/ awareness 唤起希望/ 意识
【词义辨析】
raise vt. raised, raised 举起;提高;提出;饲养
rise vi. rose, risen 上升;起身
arise vi. arose, arisen 出现;发生;升起
arouse vt. aroused, aroused 激起;引起;唤起
【即时演练】
A: 完成下列句子
1. Nowadays, __________________ in a big city is difficult for many people.
现在在大城市里养家糊口对许多人来说是很艰难的。
2. Recently the government has taken measures to ________________________.
近来政府部门已采取措施来改善人们的生活状况。
【答案】 1. raising a family 2. raise people’s living conditions
(江西省七校2013届高三上学期联考)
Those who want to say anything more _______ your hand and then _______ to speak.
A. arise; raise B. raise; rise C. raise; arouse D. rise; raise
【解析】句意:
【答案】 B
3. concern vt. 与……有关;使关涉;使担心 n. 担心,关怀;关系
concerned adj. 有关的,涉及的;忧虑的;担心的
concerning = regarding = about prep. 有关;关于
【常见搭配】
arouse/ cause/ give concern 引起忧虑 show concern for 对……担心 concern oneself with/ about 使自己关心某事 be concerned about 对……担心 as far as sb. is concerned 在某人看来,就某人而言
◆ She showed a great deal of concern for her son’s illness. 她非常关心儿子的病情。
◆ He doesn’t concern himself with politics. 他不关心政治。
◆ As far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.
就他而言,别人的想法并不是最重要的。
【即时演练】
(扬州中学2013届高三3月月考)
The drilling in Antarctica dragged on slowly because of lack of money, equipment
breakdowns, environmental ______ and severe cold.
A. concerns B. assumption C. occupations D. ignorance
【解析】句意:因为缺少金钱,设备故障,环境担忧以及严寒等原因,在南极地区的钻井工作慢慢地拖得越来越长。concern“担心,忧虑”;assumption“假定,假设”;occupation“占领”;ignorance“忽视”。
【答案】 A
4. access vt. 接近,使用;n. 接近的机会,享用权
accessible adj. 可到达的,可进入的
【常见搭配】
have access to 使用,接近 have/get/gain/obtain access to 获得接见,可以进入,可以使用 be accessible to sth. 可进入,可使用……
◆ We gained access to the house through the window. 我们从窗户进入屋内。
◆ You have no access to these books without permission. 不经允许,你无权使用这些书。
◆ You can access the high building by taking an elevator. 你能搭电梯进入那座高楼。
【即时演练】
(浙江省金华十校2013届高三上学期期末考试)
I’m afraid I’m not to help with the talent show, for I am fully occupied with my own project.
A. reliable B. available C. convenient D. accessible
【解析】 句意:我担心我无法帮助这才艺表演了,因为我一直在忙于我自己的项目。available“有空的;可获得的”;reliable“信赖的”;convenient“便利的”;accessible“可到达的,可进入的”。
【答案】 B
5. convenient adj. 方便的,便利的;适宜的,合适的
convenience n. 方便,便利;便利的事情
【常见搭配】
It is convenient for/ to sb. 对某人来说是方便的/合适的。 at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候 for (the sake of) convenience 为方便起见 for the convenience of… 为了……的方便 if it suits one’s convenience 如果对某人方便
【名师点拨】
在某人方便时,只能用 if it is convenient for/to sb. / if it suits one’s convenience,绝不能用 if sb. is convenient。
【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配的内容填空
1. __________________, the two groups have been treated as one in this report.
2. Can you telephone me ____________________ to arrange a meeting?
3. Please come at six ____________________.
【答案】 1. For convenience 2. at your convenience 3. if it is convenient for/ to you
B: 单选
(2012天津卷)The secretary arranged a(n)______time and space for the applicants to have an
interview.
A. important B. spare C. public D. convenient
【解析】句意:这位秘书为参加面试的所有应聘者安排好了方便的时间和地点。convenient“方便的”;important“重要的”;spare“闲暇的”;public“公众的”。
【答案】 D
6. differ vi. 相异;有区别
difference n. 不同;区别;差数;争执
different adj. 不同的;相异的;有分别的
【常见搭配】
differ from 不同于;和……不同;和……意见不一致 differ in 在……方面意见不同 differ with sb. 与某人意见不同 be different from 与……不同 make a difference 起作用;产生影响 make no difference 没有……作用或影响
◆ Customs differ in different countries. 各国风俗不同。
◆ His opinion differs entirely from mine. 他的意见和我的完全不同。
◆ She always differs with me about how to spend the vacation.
有关如何度假一事,她和我的意见总是不合。
【即时演练】
(2012浙江卷)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to _______ from the age of
27 after reaching the highest level at 22.
A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline
【解析】句意:据科学家称,在22岁达到最高水平后,从27岁开始我们的脑力开始衰退。decline“下降,减少,变弱”;differ“不同,有区别”;shrink“收缩,萎缩”;fail“失败”。
【答案】 D
7. contribution n. 贡献,促成因素;捐赠
contribute v. 捐赠;有助于;投稿
【常见搭配】
make contributions to 向……捐赠;对……作出贡献 contribute to. . . 是……的原因 contribute (. . . ) to. . . 向……投稿
◆ He has made great contributions to a space development program.
他对太空发展计划有很大的贡献。
◆ A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
适度的运动有益健康。
◆ I make most of my money by writing books but I do contribute to magazines sometimes.
我的钱大部分是靠写书挣的,但我也确实有时给杂志社投稿。
【名师点拨】
contribute to可理解为“成为……的原因”,此时等同于lead to“导致”;result in“导致”;bring about“造成,引起,导致”;be responsible for“是……的原因”;account for“足以说明……”。
【即时演练】
(湖北黄冈中学2014届高三上学期期末考试)
In our life we should learn to make __________ in balancing the interests of our own and others, which may benefit us in the long run despite the present loss.
A. compromises B. commitments C. contributions D. considerations
【解析】句意:在我们的生活中我们应该要学会在平衡自己和其他人利益方面的妥协,尽管目前是损失,但从长远角度来看会使自己受益。make a compromise“妥协”;commitment“委托”;consideration“考虑;熟虑”。
【答案】A
8. distinction n. 区别;差异
distinguish vt. 区别;辨认;使(自己)扬名,使著名
【常见搭配】
make/ draw a distinction between 区别…… without distinction 没有差别 distinguish between 辨别…… distinguish … from … 辨别……与……
◆ Can you make a distinction between these two points of view?
你能区别这两个观点的不同吗?
◆ Please tell me how to distinguish a poisonous snake from a harmless one.
请告诉我如何分辨毒蛇和无毒蛇。
【即时演练】
(盐城市2014届高三第一学期期中考试)
—Good morning, Grand Theater.
—Hello, This is Larry Jackson and I’m calling to confirm the _______ made by phone on
Monday for two box seats for “King Lear”.
—Just a minute, please.
A. accommodation B. reservation C. application D. distinction
【解析】句意:“早上好。Grand剧院。”“你好。这是Larry Jackson。我打电话核实一下周一电话预订两张‘李尔王’的票。”“请稍等。”reservation“预约”;accommodation“住宿设备;收容能力”;application“申请”;distinction“区别”。
【答案】B
重要短语
1. aside from = apart from
1)“除……以外”,等同于 except for
◆ Apart from the different hair colors, the two little girls look alike.
除了不同的头发颜色外,这两个小女孩看上去很像。
2)“除……以外还”,等同于besides或in addition to
◆ Are there any students from other classes taking part in the party aside from your classmates?
除了你班同学,还有其他班的同学参加那个聚会吗?
【即时演练】
(浙江嘉兴2013届高三3月教学测试)
______ your timely help, the three children would not have survived the terrible accident.
A. But for B. Thanks to C. Instead of D. Aside from
【解析】句意:要不是你及时相助,否则这三个孩子不可能在这可怕是事故中存活下来。but for“要不是”;thanks to“幸亏”;instead of“而不是”;aside from“除了……外:。
【答案】 A
2. stand for 代表,象征;主张,支持
◆ Do you know that pigeons stand for peace? 你知道鸽子代表和平吗?
◆ What do you stand for on this topic? 关于这话题,你主张什么?
【相关拓展】
stand out (地位)突出,引人注意 stand by 袖手旁观;支持;站在附近 stand on one’s feet 独立,自力谋生
【即时演练】
(安徽省皖南八校2013届高三第二次联考)
Legal experts are the Criminal Law to be changed after a number of incidents have come to light.
A. looking for B. standing for C. sending for D. calling for
【解析】句意:在大量的事件发生后,法律专家正要求修订《刑法》 。call for“要求”;look for“寻找”;stand for“代表”;send for“怕人去请”。
【答案】 D
3. be made up of= consist of = be composed of 由……组成,由……构成
◆ The committee consists of/ is made up of / is composed of 7 experts.
委员会由七个专家组成。
【相关拓展】
make up 组成,构成;化妆;捏造;虚构(故事,诗歌等); 弥补;整理,收拾 make up for sth. 赔偿,补偿,弥补
【名师点拨】
1)consist of一般不用于进行时和被动语态;
2)be made up of相对应的词组是make up“组成”。
◆ Our class is made up of/ consists of 56 students. = 56 students make up our class.
我们班级是由56个学生组成的。
【即时演练】
(建湖县第二中学2013届高三第一次学情检测)
Canada is a country ________ many different nationalities as well as one with foreign
immigrants __________ the majority of its population.
A. making up of; occupied with B. consisting of; making up
C. made up of; consisting of D. consisted of; taking up
【解析】句意:加拿大是一个由许多不同国籍的人组成的国家,也是一个外国移民组成大多数人口的国家。consist of“由……组成”,作定语时应是consisting of= made up of;make up“组成;构成”。
【答案】 B
4. up to
1)直到,到……为止
The little girl can count up to a hundred. 这个小女孩能数到100。
2)是(某人的)责任,由(某人)决定
It’s up to him to decide when to hold the meeting.
由他来决定什么时候举行会议。
3)计谋什么(坏事)
I see what you are up to. 我知道你在动什么歪脑筋。
4)忍住……;胜任
From my point of view, she’s not up to the job. 依我看,她不胜任那个工作。
【即时演练】
(2012全国卷II) — What shall we do tonight then?
— __________ — whatever you want.
A. Help yourself B. It’s a deal C. No problem D. It’s up to you
【解析】句意:“那么,我们今晚做什么呢?”“你说了算 —— 你想做什么都行。”D项“这取决于你;你说了算”;A项“随便吃;请自便”;B项“就这么定了”;C项“没问题”。
【答案】D
5. come into 进入(某种状态), 开始(活动)
◆ Spring has come, and the cherry trees are coming into flower.
春天已来临,樱花正在开花。
【相关拓展】
come into action 开始行动 come into being 形成 come into effect 开花 come into fashion 开始流行 come into office 就职 come into power 当权 come into use 开始使用 come into sight/ view 在视野内,看得见
【即时演练】
(2012江西卷)I’ve ________ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from
school.
A. come into B. gone into C. got into D. run into
【解析】句意:我养成了在我放学回家的路上去看望我爷爷奶奶的习惯。get into“养成(习惯);陷入”;come into“进入;开始”;go into“从事;调查”;run into“偶遇”。
【答案】C
句型解剖
1. The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.
汉语与西方语言不同,区别在于它不使用字母,而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。
1)句中that引导一个名词性从句,充当介词in的宾语,in that意为“因为;在于”。
2)in that也可引导原因状语从句,表原因,意为“因为;由于”,等同于because。
◆ The two cities are similar to each other in that they have a long history.
这两座城市很相似,因为它们都有悠久的历史。
I like sport in that it gives me confidence each time I win a game.
我喜欢体育运动是因为每次赢得比赛时,它都给我信心。
【名师点拨】
that引导的宾语从句只能接在介词besides,except,in后。
【即时演练】
Animals suffered at the hands of Man ______their inhabits were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.
A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that
【解析】句意:
【答案】 D
2. Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.
并非所有的汉字都从物体的图画演变而来。
句中not all构成部分否定,也可用all … not表示。
◆ Not all that glitters is gold. = All that glitters is not gold.
【谚】 闪光的东西并不都是金子。
◆ Not all the customers like the design of the new car.
并不是所有的顾客都喜欢新车的设计。
【名师点拨】
1)部分否定:否定词not与all,both,each,every等代词或always,completely等副词连用构成部分否定,意为“并非都,不都”。
2)全部否定:neither,none,nobody,no one,nothing等。
【即时演练】
(2012重庆卷) — John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?
— ________. I’ll be off to London then.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None
【解析】句意:“约翰,我们何时再见面,周四还是周五?”“都不行,那时我已去伦敦了。”neither“两者都不”。
【答案】 B
3. While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.
虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣,但这一方法太过复杂,并不实用。
1)① 本句中while意为“虽然,尽管”,须放在句首,相当于although/though,引导让步状语从句。
◆ While she respected her English teacher, she didn’t like him.
虽然她尊重她的英语老师,但是她却不喜欢他。
◆ While the surgery on him was successful, he couldn’t get back to the former state of health.
虽然他的手术做得很成功,但他却不能恢复到原来的健康状况了。
②while表示对比,意思为“然而”。
◆ He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。
③while引导时间状语从句,此时主从句的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,意为 “当……时候”;从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
◆ Please don’t talk so loudly while others are working.
别人在工作时,请不要大声讲话。
◆ While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place.
正当我对此感到惊奇时, 我们校长就座了。
【名师点拨】
1) while引导让步状语从句时,必须放在句首。
2) while引导状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词;而when引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词可用延续性动词,也可用短暂性动词。
【即时演练】
(2012湖南卷)____ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While B. Once C. If D. Until
【解析】句意: 尽管我一直觉得我会通过考试,但我从未想过我能得到A。while“尽管,虽然”,须放在句首。
【答案】 A
2)be of+抽象名词= be + 形容词,意为“具有,拥有……”。
能用于该结构的名词有:vale,use,help,importance,difference,benefit,significance等。这些名词前可用great,no,little,some,any等修饰。
◆ What he had discovered was of great significance/ very significant to our research. 他的发现对我们的研究非常重要。
【即时演练】
This new discovery of oil is of great ________ to this area’s economy.
A. valuable B. important C. significance D. beneficial
【解析】句意:石油的发现对这个地区的经济发展是很重要的。根据of great可确定后接名词,故用significance。
【答案】 C
3)too+ adj. + to do 意为“太……而不能”。
◆ The problem was too complicated for us to solve.
那问题太复杂,我们无法解决。
【名师点拨】
1)“ too….to…”结构与not, never, only, but , all 连用时,此结构为肯定意义。
◆ It’s never too late to learn. 活到老学到老。
◆ I’m only too glad to see you here. 在这里见到你很高兴。
2) “too…to….”结构中有下列形容词,此时too相当于very。
glad, pleased, delighted, anxious, eager, ready, willing, easy, surprised, kind等;
◆ She was too surprised to see how angry her father was.
看到她父亲如此生气她很惊讶。
3) cannot …too…“再……也不为过”。
◆ You cannot be too careful when driving a car. 开车时再小心都不为过。
【即时演练】
We are only _______ glad to do anything we can ______ her.
A. very; helping B. very; help
C. too; help D. too; to help
【解析】句意:我们很乐意做任何我们可以做的事来帮助她。“too……to”被only
修饰,此结构理解为“肯定意义”;第二格用动词不定式表示目的。
【答案】 D