专题十一 连词（原卷版）
由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构的句子叫并列句。纵观历届高考试题，对并列句的考查主要涉及以下几种情况。1.考查表示转折对比关系的并列连词；2）考查表示因果关系的并列连词；3）考查表示选择关系的并列连词；4）考查表示并列关系的并列连词。
一、并列连词
【考例1】（北京市精华学校2018年高三考前测试2） I think Tom will make a good monitor, ________ I’d like to vote for him.
A. but B. for C. or D. so
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。句意：我认为汤姆会成为一名好班长，因此我想投他的票。根据语境可知，前后表因果关系，用so（因此）。故选D。but表转折；for表示原因，后面跟表示原因的句子；or表示或者。
【考例2】(2018天津南开区一模,8)Schools in the cities are well equipped ????those in the countryside are poor.
A.if B. while C. so D. as
【答案】B
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:城市的学校设备很完善,而农村的学校却很穷。此处while “可是,然而”为并列连词,表示转折对比,故为答案。
【考例3】(2018江苏普通高校对口单招通考,8)Keep these rules in mind, ???? you are sure to be successful in the job interview.
A.and B. unless C. or D. since
?【答案】A
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:牢记这些规则,你在求职面试中一定会成功的。此处考查典 型句式“祈使句+and+一般将来时的陈述句”。此处的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,前 后两分句之间是递进关系,故选and。
【考例4】(2018北京丰台区一模,13)Information technology is taught in most schools, ???? we have entered the information society.
A.so B. while C. and D. for
【答案】D
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:大多数学校都教授信息技术,因为我们已经进入了信息社会。for“因为”,为表示“前果后因”因果关系的并列连词;so“因此”,为表示“前因后果”因果关系的并列连词;while“而”,为表转折对比的并列连词;and“而且,和,与”,为表顺承、递进的并列连词。前后两分句之间是逻辑上的“因果关系”,且为“前果后因”,故排除so,选for。
【考例5】(2018天津和平区三模,10)Mike was usually so careful, ????this time he made a small mistake.
A.yet B.still C.even D.thus
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意:迈克通常很小心,但这次他犯了一个小错误。考查并列连词。yet“然而,但是”符合句意;still依然,仍然;even甚至;thus因此。
?方法探究? 解此类题时，首先弄清前后两个分句存在着什么样的关系，然后根据句意选择并列连词。
★知识链接★
一、无并列连词构成的并列句。并列句并不一定用并列连词构成，有时可能用逗号或分号说明两个分句之间的意义并列关系。例如：
Hurry up, it's getting late.快点，时间不早了。
The moon went down; the stars grew pale; the cold day broke; the sun rose.月亮西下；星光暗淡；寒夜破晓；旭日东升。
二、有并列连词连接的并列句。 并列句主要是由各类并列连词连接而成的，常见的并列连词，根据所连接的上下文的逻辑关系，可分为以下几类：
1、表示递进关系的并列连词：and；both.......and；neither.......nor；not.......nor；not only........ but also； as well as等。
1）以and为代表的并列连词。例如：
He helps me and I help him.他帮助我，我帮助他。
There are all kinds of flowers in the park and they draw a lot of visitors.这个公园里有各种各样的花，吸引了不少游客。
注：and不连接两个或两个以上的分句时，不构成并列句。以下都是简单句：You, he and I are all students.
Please go and meet him at the station.请去火车站接他。
He likes singing and dancing.他喜欢唱歌跳舞。
注意both......and, neither......nor连接两个相同句子成分时，仍属于简单句：
Both he and I teach English.我和他都教英语。
Mary studies neither French nor German.玛丽既不学法语也不学德语。
neither或nor可单独连接一部分倒装语序的分句，置于另一个分句（否定句）之后构成并列句。例如：
He can't do it, nor / neither can I.(=He can't do it, and I can't, either. Neither he nor I can do it.)他不会做，我也不会做。
and在下列句子中连接的并列句，实际上相当于if引导的条件状语从句：
Work hard, and you'll pass the exam.努力学习你会通过考试的。（=If you work hard, you'll pass the exam.如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试的。）
2）以but为代表的并列句。例如：
John is poor, but he is happy.约翰很穷，但他很快活。
注意：but连接的并列句表示意思的转折。除but外，还有yet(可是；然而)，while(而, 然而)等。例如：
She is not beautiful, yet people like her.她不漂亮，可人们都喜欢她。（表示转折）
Peter is strong while his brother is weak.彼特很强壮，而他的弟弟却很虚弱。（除转折外还含有对比）
but连接的并列句可转换成though(虽然)引导的让步状语从句。例如：
He failed many times, but he didn't lose heat.(=Though he failed many times, he didn't lose heart.)虽然他失败了多次，但并没有灰心丧气。
3）以or为代表的并列连词。or连接并列句时，主要有两种用法：
a.表示选择关系时，意为“或者”、“还是”例如：
You may do it yourself, or you may ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做，或者请别人来帮你做。
b.表示否定的条件时，意为“否则”、“要不然”。例如：
Don't miss the bus, or you'll be late.别错过公共汽车，否则你会迟到的。
注意：在后一种情况中，or连接的两个分句在意义上实际等同于if引导的含否定意思的条件状语从句。例如：
Hurry up, or you will be late.(=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.)快点，要不然你就晚了。（如果你不快点就晚了。）
either......or意为“或者......或者”、“要么......要么”、“不是......就是”，这组连词也可连接两个并列分句，比单用表示选择意义的or语气要强。例如：
Either you are busy or I am.(=Either you or I am busy.)不是你忙就是我忙。
Either come in or go out.要么进来，要么出去。
4）以so为代表的并列连词，so表示因果关系时，意为“因此”、“所以”例如：
This book was very useful, so I decided to buy it.这本书很有用，因此我决定买下来了。
注意：这种并列句实际等同一个以because引导的原因状语从句，故上例可改写为：Because this book was very useful, I decided to buy it.
另外，并列连词for也有“因为”、“由于”的意思，常用来对前一分句所述情况加以补充理由或推断性原因，引导的分句一般应位于另一分句之后。例如：
The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.这家商店很新，因为它上周才开业。
注意：for连接的并列句表示因果关系时，一般可换成because引导的原因状语从句。例如：
He didn't come here, for he was ill.(=He didn't come here because he was ill.)他因为生病，所以没来。
下句中for连接的分句只是说明前一分句引发的某种情况，不表示因果关系，因而不能转换成because引导的状语从句。
The day is breaking, for the birds have begun to sing.天亮了，鸟儿以开始了歌唱。
一、选择题（Choose the best answer）
1.(2018北京丰台区二模,13)She doesn’t speak our language, ????she seems to understand what we say.
A.yet B. and C. or D. so
2．(2018·连云港模拟)She is a self-centered girl, ________you can’t help liking her.
A．and B．or C．so D．yet
3.You’re well prepared for the job interview, ________there’s no need for you to get so nervous.
A．or B．while C．but D．so
4.(2018·北京东城区统一检测)Everyone tells me I’m a good speaker, ________I really don’t like speaking in public.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
5. I think John will make a good monitor, ???? I’d like to vote for him.
A.but B. so C. or D. for
6. Peter has previous experience, ????I think he’s the right person for the job.
A.or B. but C. for D. so
7. Mike hasn’t appeared for two weeks, ????his friends are wondering what has happened to him.
A.so B. but C. or D. for
8. —How can I wake up so early?
—Set the alarm for 5:00 am., ????you will make it.
A.and B. but C. or D. so
9（2017·北京2） —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
10.(2016·北京，15) I am not afraid of tomorrow，________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
A．so B．and C．for D．but
二、句型训练（Choose the right words in brackets）
1.There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails.
2.I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her.
3.What a terrible experience! ________, you’re safe now ------ that’s the main thing.
4. He found it increasingly difficulty to read，___his eyesight was beginning to fail．
5.Read this story, _______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
6.The shop doesn't open until 11am，____it loses a lot of business．
7. You have failed two tests．You’d better start working harder，__you won't pass the course．
8.Help others whenever you can ______ you will make the world a nicer place to live in.
三、 完形填空
（江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）
The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that spring morning.
The ___1___ of roses always brings to mind Wanda' s childhood memories. Then the family had no ___2___ to buy extra things , so even a tired rose was something to ___3___ .
Currently, to have a backyard full of different roses is pure ___4___. And her husband, Dale, devotedly ___5___the roses. ___6___that she loves the very first blooms,he picked some on this particular morning.
But as Dale returned, he came across a neighbor who had ___7___ for a quick visit. As the woman turned to go, Dale generously gave the ___8___ to her. And even though their visitor___9___ she didn’t want to take them, she was _ ____10____ assured (确信) that the flowers were hers to keep.
Seeing her precious first blooms go out the door ____11____ Wanda with regret, and a bit of ____12____. She new it was " better to give than to receive. " _____13_____ ,she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.
Later that day, the couple headed to the post office, where Wanda waited outside in the car.
Then, without ______14______ , an older woman suddenly appeared at the open window,and gave her a bunch of fresh roses ! " These are for you. They ' re my first blooms this spring. "
Completely ____15____,Wanda thanked the woman and ____16____ for a moment to breathe in the rich fragrance. When she looked back, the mysterious visitor was gone.
That special ____17____ changed Wanda. It made her understand the true meaning of ____18____ and unexpected gifts. Now, she always ____19____ her first blooms to others , as a(n) _____20_____ that someone is thinking of them.
1. A. sight B. scenery C. scene D. show
2. A. energy B. money C. courage D. desire
3. A. desert B. raise C. value D. water
4. A. business B. memory C. imagination D. enjoyment
5. A. lays B. tends C. studies D. serves
6. A. Anxious B. Ashamed C. Afraid D. Aware
7. A. stopped by B. settled down C. turned out D. broken in
8. A. greetings B. wishes C. roses D. bushes
9. A. recommended B. complained C. cried D. insisted
10. A. hardly B. repeatedly C. secretly D. temporarily
11. A. covered B. filled C. charged D. supplied
12. A. tension B. pride C. gladness D. selfishness
13. A. Still B. Thus C. Instead D. Otherwise
14. A. delay B. warning C. effort D. thinking
15. A. shocked B. confused C. amazed D. relaxed
16. A. waited B. nodded C. shook D. bent
17. A. delivery B. discovery C. apology D. smell
18. A. giving B. receiving C. affection D. communication
19. A. takes away B. puts away C. gives away D. throws away
20. A. routine B. duty C. reminder D. example
四、 短文改错
（湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2018届高三5月联考） By the time Kenny, 16, reached his three year of high school, he has become vice president of his school’s cooking club. Kenny said he developed his love for cooking by watching his grandmother, she owned a business. And at age of 5, he cooked his first dish. Take it to school for lunch, he warmed it up in the school’s microwave, while the other kid ate sandwiches.
“I love to eat, and it started to become much fun to cook than to have food prepare for me,” he said. Cooking came easily to Kenny. He was very enthusiastic about it that he didn’t let anything to stop him.
专题十一 连词（解析版）
由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构的句子叫并列句。纵观历届高考试题，对并列句的考查主要涉及以下几种情况。1.考查表示转折对比关系的并列连词；2）考查表示因果关系的并列连词；3）考查表示选择关系的并列连词；4）考查表示并列关系的并列连词。
一、并列连词
【考例1】（北京市精华学校2018年高三考前测试2） I think Tom will make a good monitor, ________ I’d like to vote for him.
A. but B. for C. or D. so
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。句意：我认为汤姆会成为一名好班长，因此我想投他的票。根据语境可知，前后表因果关系，用so（因此）。故选D。but表转折；for表示原因，后面跟表示原因的句子；or表示或者。
【考例2】(2018天津南开区一模,8)Schools in the cities are well equipped ????those in the countryside are poor.
A.if B. while C. so D. as
【答案】B
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:城市的学校设备很完善,而农村的学校却很穷。此处while “可是,然而”为并列连词,表示转折对比,故为答案。
【考例3】(2018江苏普通高校对口单招通考,8)Keep these rules in mind, ???? you are sure to be successful in the job interview.
A.and B. unless C. or D. since
?【答案】A
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:牢记这些规则,你在求职面试中一定会成功的。此处考查典 型句式“祈使句+and+一般将来时的陈述句”。此处的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,前 后两分句之间是递进关系,故选and。
【考例4】(2018北京丰台区一模,13)Information technology is taught in most schools, ???? we have entered the information society.
A.so B. while C. and D. for
【答案】D
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:大多数学校都教授信息技术,因为我们已经进入了信息社会。for“因为”,为表示“前果后因”因果关系的并列连词;so“因此”,为表示“前因后果”因果关系的并列连词;while“而”,为表转折对比的并列连词;and“而且,和,与”,为表顺承、递进的并列连词。前后两分句之间是逻辑上的“因果关系”,且为“前果后因”,故排除so,选for。
【考例5】(2018天津和平区三模,10)Mike was usually so careful, ????this time he made a small mistake.
A.yet B.still C.even D.thus
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意:迈克通常很小心,但这次他犯了一个小错误。考查并列连词。yet“然而,但是”符合句意;still依然,仍然;even甚至;thus因此。
?方法探究? 解此类题时，首先弄清前后两个分句存在着什么样的关系，然后根据句意选择并列连词。
★知识链接★
一、无并列连词构成的并列句。并列句并不一定用并列连词构成，有时可能用逗号或分号说明两个分句之间的意义并列关系。例如：
Hurry up, it's getting late.快点，时间不早了。
The moon went down; the stars grew pale; the cold day broke; the sun rose.月亮西下；星光暗淡；寒夜破晓；旭日东升。
二、有并列连词连接的并列句。 并列句主要是由各类并列连词连接而成的，常见的并列连词，根据所连接的上下文的逻辑关系，可分为以下几类：
1、表示递进关系的并列连词：and；both.......and；neither.......nor；not.......nor；not only........ but also； as well as等。
1）以and为代表的并列连词。例如：
He helps me and I help him.他帮助我，我帮助他。
There are all kinds of flowers in the park and they draw a lot of visitors.这个公园里有各种各样的花，吸引了不少游客。
注：and不连接两个或两个以上的分句时，不构成并列句。以下都是简单句：You, he and I are all students.
Please go and meet him at the station.请去火车站接他。
He likes singing and dancing.他喜欢唱歌跳舞。
注意both......and, neither......nor连接两个相同句子成分时，仍属于简单句：
Both he and I teach English.我和他都教英语。
Mary studies neither French nor German.玛丽既不学法语也不学德语。
neither或nor可单独连接一部分倒装语序的分句，置于另一个分句（否定句）之后构成并列句。例如：
He can't do it, nor / neither can I.(=He can't do it, and I can't, either. Neither he nor I can do it.)他不会做，我也不会做。
and在下列句子中连接的并列句，实际上相当于if引导的条件状语从句：
Work hard, and you'll pass the exam.努力学习你会通过考试的。（=If you work hard, you'll pass the exam.如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试的。）
2）以but为代表的并列句。例如：
John is poor, but he is happy.约翰很穷，但他很快活。
注意：but连接的并列句表示意思的转折。除but外，还有yet(可是；然而)，while(而, 然而)等。例如：
She is not beautiful, yet people like her.她不漂亮，可人们都喜欢她。（表示转折）
Peter is strong while his brother is weak.彼特很强壮，而他的弟弟却很虚弱。（除转折外还含有对比）
but连接的并列句可转换成though(虽然)引导的让步状语从句。例如：
He failed many times, but he didn't lose heat.(=Though he failed many times, he didn't lose heart.)虽然他失败了多次，但并没有灰心丧气。
3）以or为代表的并列连词。or连接并列句时，主要有两种用法：
a.表示选择关系时，意为“或者”、“还是”例如：
You may do it yourself, or you may ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做，或者请别人来帮你做。
b.表示否定的条件时，意为“否则”、“要不然”。例如：
Don't miss the bus, or you'll be late.别错过公共汽车，否则你会迟到的。
注意：在后一种情况中，or连接的两个分句在意义上实际等同于if引导的含否定意思的条件状语从句。例如：
Hurry up, or you will be late.(=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.)快点，要不然你就晚了。（如果你不快点就晚了。）
either......or意为“或者......或者”、“要么......要么”、“不是......就是”，这组连词也可连接两个并列分句，比单用表示选择意义的or语气要强。例如：
Either you are busy or I am.(=Either you or I am busy.)不是你忙就是我忙。
Either come in or go out.要么进来，要么出去。
4）以so为代表的并列连词，so表示因果关系时，意为“因此”、“所以”例如：
This book was very useful, so I decided to buy it.这本书很有用，因此我决定买下来了。
注意：这种并列句实际等同一个以because引导的原因状语从句，故上例可改写为：Because this book was very useful, I decided to buy it.
另外，并列连词for也有“因为”、“由于”的意思，常用来对前一分句所述情况加以补充理由或推断性原因，引导的分句一般应位于另一分句之后。例如：
The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.这家商店很新，因为它上周才开业。
注意：for连接的并列句表示因果关系时，一般可换成because引导的原因状语从句。例如：
He didn't come here, for he was ill.(=He didn't come here because he was ill.)他因为生病，所以没来。
下句中for连接的分句只是说明前一分句引发的某种情况，不表示因果关系，因而不能转换成because引导的状语从句。
The day is breaking, for the birds have begun to sing.天亮了，鸟儿以开始了歌唱。
一、选择题（Choose the best answer）
1.(2018北京丰台区二模,13)She doesn’t speak our language, ????she seems to understand what we say.
A.yet B. and C. or D. so
【答案】A
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:她不会说我们的语言,但她似乎明白我们说的话。由句子逻 辑关系可知,前后为转折关系,故答案为A。
2．(2018·连云港模拟)She is a self-centered girl, ________you can’t help liking her.
A．and B．or C．so D．yet
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。句意：她是个以自我为中心的女孩， 可是你却会忍不住喜欢上她。 题干中的前后两个句子在语意上为转折关系， 故用yet“尽管， 然而”。
3.You’re well prepared for the job interview, ________there’s no need for you to get so nervous.
A．or B．while C．but D．so
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。句意：你为工作面试做了充分的准备， 因此你没必要这么紧张。 空处前后两句在语意上为因果关系， 故用so, 表示“因此， 所以”
4.(2018·北京东城区统一检测)Everyone tells me I’m a good speaker, ________I really don’t like speaking in public.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意：每个人都告诉我， 我是个优秀的演讲者， 但是我真的不喜欢在公共场合演讲。 根据句意可知， 前后两句是转折关系， 所以用连词but。
5. I think John will make a good monitor, ???? I’d like to vote for him.
A.but B. so C. or D. for
【答案】B
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:我认为约翰会成为一个好班长,所以我想选他。本句为并列 句,表前因后果,故选并列连词so。
6. Peter has previous experience, ????I think he’s the right person for the job.
A.or B. but C. for D. so
?【答案】D
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:彼得有工作经验,所以我认为他很适合做这份工作。or或者 (表选择关系);but但是(表转折关系);for因为(表因果关系);so因此,所以(表因果关系)。此处两 分句之间为因果关系,且为前因后果,故选D。
7. Mike hasn’t appeared for two weeks, ????his friends are wondering what has happened to him.
A.so B. but C. or D. for
【答案】??A
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:迈克已经两周没有露面了,所以他的朋友都想知道他怎么了。根据句意可知,前后两分句之间为因果关系,且为前因后果,故排除D选A。
8. —How can I wake up so early?
—Set the alarm for 5:00 am., ????you will make it.
A.and B. but C. or D. so
?【答案】A
【解析】考查并列连词。句意:——我怎么样才能醒那么早呢?——把闹钟设定在早上5点钟,你就可以了。该句是“祈使句+and/or+一般将来时态的陈述句”的固定句型;在这里祈使 句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句(但此时去掉and/or),or或and后的分句表示结果;and表顺承递进关系,or 表转折关系,意为“否则,要不然的话”。此处前后两分句是顺承关系,故选A。
9（2017·北京2） —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but B. or C. for D. so
【答案】D
【解析】考查并列连词。A. but 但是 B. or 或者 C. for 因为 D. so因此 句意： Peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过，根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故用so，选D。
10.(2016·北京，15) I am not afraid of tomorrow，________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
A．so B．and C．for D．but
【答案】C
【解析】考查并列连词。句意为：我并不害怕明天。因为我已经历了昨天并热爱今天。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，故选C项。
二、句型训练（Choose the right words in brackets）
1.There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails.
【答案】while
【解析】句意：没办法知道为什么一个人有重大发现，而另外一个人虽然也很聪明，却没有（重大发现）。此处while是并列连词，表示转折和对比，意思是“然而”。
2.I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her.
【答案】but
【解析】考查并列连词。 句意“非常高兴能再次见到Jenny，但是我不想和她呆一整天。”根据句意可知，表示转折的含义，故填but。
3.What a terrible experience! ________, you’re safe now ------ that’s the main thing.
【答案】Anyway
【解析】考查并列连词。句意为：多么可怕的经历！不管怎样，你现在平安无事了----那比什么都好。 故填Anyway。
4. He found it increasingly difficulty to read，___his eyesight was beginning to fail．
【答案】for
【解析】根据句意“他发现读书变得越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始下降了”，并列连词for连接的分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。
5.Read this story, _______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
【答案】and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：读了这个故事，你会明白不是所有的东西都能用金钱买到的。根据两个句子的意思，可以得出两个句子之间是并列关系，故填and。
6.The shop doesn't open until 11am，____it loses a lot of business．
【答案】so
【解析】根据句意“商店直到11点才开门营业，所以它失去了很多生意”可知，这是一个前因后果的并列句，用so连接。
7. You have failed two tests．You’d better start working harder，__you won't pass the course．
【答案】or
【解析】根据句意“你最好开始更加努力地学习，否则的话你就通不过这门课程的
考试”可知，此处表示“否则，要不然”的意思，应使用or连接。
8.Help others whenever you can ______ you will make the world a nicer place to live in.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词的用法。句意为“能帮助别人的时候尽力去帮，这样就能生活在更美好的世界里。”此题考查的句式是：祈使句+and／or+句子，因为是顺接(递进)关系，故填and。
三、 完形填空
（江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）
The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that spring morning.
The ___1___ of roses always brings to mind Wanda' s childhood memories. Then the family had no ___2___ to buy extra things , so even a tired rose was something to ___3___ .
Currently, to have a backyard full of different roses is pure ___4___. And her husband, Dale, devotedly ___5___the roses. ___6___that she loves the very first blooms,he picked some on this particular morning.
But as Dale returned, he came across a neighbor who had ___7___ for a quick visit. As the woman turned to go, Dale generously gave the ___8___ to her. And even though their visitor___9___ she didn’t want to take them, she was _ ____10____ assured (确信) that the flowers were hers to keep.
Seeing her precious first blooms go out the door ____11____ Wanda with regret, and a bit of ____12____. She new it was " better to give than to receive. " _____13_____ ,she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.
Later that day, the couple headed to the post office, where Wanda waited outside in the car.
Then, without ______14______ , an older woman suddenly appeared at the open window,and gave her a bunch of fresh roses ! " These are for you. They ' re my first blooms this spring. "
Completely ____15____,Wanda thanked the woman and ____16____ for a moment to breathe in the rich fragrance. When she looked back, the mysterious visitor was gone.
That special ____17____ changed Wanda. It made her understand the true meaning of ____18____ and unexpected gifts. Now, she always ____19____ her first blooms to others , as a(n) _____20_____ that someone is thinking of them.
1. A. sight B. scenery C. scene D. show
2. A. energy B. money C. courage D. desire
3. A. desert B. raise C. value D. water
4. A. business B. memory C. imagination D. enjoyment
5. A. lays B. tends C. studies D. serves
6. A. Anxious B. Ashamed C. Afraid D. Aware
7. A. stopped by B. settled down C. turned out D. broken in
8. A. greetings B. wishes C. roses D. bushes
9. A. recommended B. complained C. cried D. insisted
10. A. hardly B. repeatedly C. secretly D. temporarily
11. A. covered B. filled C. charged D. supplied
12. A. tension B. pride C. gladness D. selfishness
13. A. Still B. Thus C. Instead D. Otherwise
14. A. delay B. warning C. effort D. thinking
15. A. shocked B. confused C. amazed D. relaxed
16. A. waited B. nodded C. shook D. bent
17. A. delivery B. discovery C. apology D. smell
18. A. giving B. receiving C. affection D. communication
19. A. takes away B. puts away C. gives away D. throws away
20. A. routine B. duty C. reminder D. example
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的后花园了开放着不同种类的玫瑰花，尽管自己知道给予比接受更好。可是，她还是希望能把最好的玫瑰留给自己。有一次一个年长的女人送给作者一束新鲜的玫瑰，这件事彻底改变了她，让她懂得了给予和接收的真正含义。
1.考查名词辨析。 A. sight 景象； B. scenery景色； C. scene情景； D. show展览。句意：玫瑰花盛开的景象总是让Wanda想起自己的童年。由“The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that spring morning.”可知，这是玫瑰花盛开的景象。故A选项切题。
2.考查名词辨析。A. energy能量； B. money钱； C. courage勇气； D. desire欲望。句意：那时他们家就没钱买额外的东西，所以即使是一朵蔫的玫瑰花也是值得珍惜的。由“buy extra things”可知，买东西需要钱。故B选项切题。
3.考查动词辨析。A. desert抛弃； B. raise举起 ； C. value 重视，珍视； D. water浇水。句意：那时他们家就没钱买额外的东西，所以即使是一朵蔫的玫瑰花也是值得珍惜的。根据句意，C选项切题。
4.考查名词辨析。A. business商业 ； B. memory 记忆； C. imagination想象； D. enjoyment享受。句意：拥有一个充满不同玫瑰的后院是纯粹的享受。由下文“devotedly tend the roses.”“she loves the very first blooms,”“she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.”可知，作者和她的丈夫很喜欢花，所以对于他们来说拥有一个充满不同玫瑰的后院是纯粹的享受。故D选项切题。
5.考查动词辨析。A. lays放置； B. tends 照顾； C. studies学习； D. serves服务。句意：她的丈夫-戴尔，全心全意地照料着玫瑰。由“devotedly”可知，B选项切题。
6.考查形容词辨析。 A. Anxious焦虑的 ； B. Ashamed 惭愧的； C. Afraid 害怕的 ； D. Aware 意识到的。句意：他知道她很喜欢刚刚盛开的花。由“he picked some on this particular morning.”可知Dale知道妻子喜欢花，所以采摘了一些。故D选项切题。
7.考查动词短语辨析。A. stopped by 顺便访问； B. settled down 平静下来 ； C. turned out 结果是 ； D. broken in破门而入。句意：但是当戴尔回来的时候，他遇到了一个顺便来拜访的邻居。由“ a quick visit”可知，邻居是顺便拜访。故A选项切题。
8.考查名词辨析。A. greetings 问候； B. wishes希望； C. roses玫瑰花； D. bushes 灌木。句意：当女人转身要走时，戴尔慷慨地把玫瑰花送给了她。由下文“ the flowers were hers to keep.”可知，C选项切题。
9.考查动词辨析。A. recommended推荐； B. complained抱怨 ； C. cried 哭 ； D. insisted坚持。句意：尽管他们访客坚称她不想带走这些花，但她一再得到保证，这些花是送给她的。由“she didn' t want to take them”可知，客人坚持不要这些花。故D选项切题。
10.考查副词辨析。 A. hardly几乎不； B. repeatedly反复地； C. secretly秘密地； D. temporarily暂时地。句意：但她一再得到保证，这些花是送给她的。由“the flowers were hers to keep.”可知，Daley一再热情地要把花送给她。故B选项切题。
11.考查动词辨析。 A. covered 覆盖 ； B. filled 填； C. charged收费； D. supplied提供。句意：看到她宝贵的盛开的花走出了大门，使Wanda充满了悔恨和一点点自私。fill sb with sth“使某人充满某物”根据句意， B选项切题。
12.考查名词辨析。 A. tension紧张； B. pride自豪； C. gladness； D. selfishness 自私自利。句意：看到她宝贵的盛开的花走出了大门，使Wanda充满了悔恨和一点点自私。由“she wished she could have kept the roses for herself.”可知，她仍然希望能把玫瑰留给自己，这是自私的一种表现。故D选项切题。
13.考查副词辨析。A. Still 仍然 ； B. Thus 因此 ； C. Instead代替 ； D. Otherwise否则。句意：她仍然希望能把玫瑰留给自己。根据句意，A选项切题。
14.考查名词辨析。A. delay延期 ； B. warning 警告; C. effort 努力 ; D. thinking想。句意：然后，没有任何预兆，一个年长的女人突然出现在开着的窗口前，送给她一束新鲜的玫瑰。由“suddenly”可知，没有任何预兆。故B选项切题。
15.考查形容词辨析。A. shocked 惊愕的; B. confused 困惑的; C. amazed惊讶的 ; D. relaxed放松的。句意：Wanda非常惊讶，感谢了女士，弯下腰呼吸这浓郁的香气。这里指一个年长的女人送给作者一束新鲜的玫瑰使她感到惊讶。故C选项切题。
16.考查动词辨析。A. waited等待; B. nodded点头 ; C. shook 震动； D. bent弯曲。句意：Wanda非常惊讶，感谢了女士，弯下身呼吸这浓郁的香气。有“ breathe in the rich fragrance”可知，呼吸这浓郁的香气需要弯下身。故D选项切题。
17.考查名词辨析。A. delivery 传递，交给； B. discovery发现 ； C. apology道歉； D. smell气味。句意：那次特殊的馈赠改变了wanda。由上文给予作者玫瑰花。可知，A选项切题。
18.考查名词辨析。A. giving给； B. receiving接收； C. affection喜爱，感情； D. communication沟通。句意：这使她明白了给予和接收的真正含义。根据句意，A选项切题。
19.考查动词短语辨析。A. takes away 拿走； B. puts away 收起； C. gives away 透露,赠送； D. throws away抛弃。句意：现在，她总是把她的刚刚盛开的花送给别人，提醒有人在想着他们。根据句意。C选项切题。
20.考查名词辨析。A. routine惯例； B. duty 职责； C. reminder 提醒…的东西； D. example例子。句意：现在，她总是把她的刚刚盛开的花送给别人，提醒有人在想着他们。根据句意，C选项切题。
四、 短文改错
（湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2018届高三5月联考） By the time Kenny, 16, reached his three year of high school, he has become vice president of his school’s cooking club. Kenny said he developed his love for cooking by watching his grandmother, she owned a business. And at age of 5, he cooked his first dish. Take it to school for lunch, he warmed it up in the school’s microwave, while the other kid ate sandwiches.
“I love to eat, and it started to become much fun to cook than to have food prepare for me,” he said. Cooking came easily to Kenny. He was very enthusiastic about it that he didn’t let anything to stop him.
【答案】
1. three改为third 2. has改为had 3. she改为who 4.在age前添加the 5. take改为taking
6. kid改为kids 7. much改为more 8. prepare改为prepared 9. very改为so 10.把to删掉
【解析】
本文属于记叙文。讲述了一个从小就喜欢做饭的肯尼，在5岁时做了第一道菜，16岁时成为学校烹饪俱乐部的副主席。
1. 考查序数词。句意：当16岁的肯尼上了高中三年级时，他已经成为学校烹饪俱乐部的副主席。分析句子可知，在高中第三年，故three改为third。
2. 考查时态。文章讲述的是肯尼16岁时的事，本句又表示在过去的时间动作已完成，要用过去完成时。因此has改为had。
3. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句的his grandmother被一个定语从句she owned a business.修饰，his grandmother是先行词，在定语从句中作owned a business的主语，所以要用关系代词who,故把she改为who。
4. 考查固定搭配。本句的at the age of…为固定搭配，意为“在…多大时”，因此在age前添加the。
5. 考查非谓语。5岁的时候，他做了第一道菜，把它带到学校，在学校的微波炉中加热当作午饭。分析句子可知，本句中的Take it to school for lunch,是个省略句，其逻辑主语是主句的he，二者是主动关系，因此要用非谓语动词ing形式作状语。故把take改为taking。
6. 考查名词复数。分析句子可知，学校其他的孩子吃的却是三明治。学校的孩子很多，所以要用复数。故kid改为kids。
7. 考查比较级。我喜欢吃，而且吃自己做的饭比给我吃准备好的食物更有趣。根据句子中的…than …，可知，本句中要用比较级，所以much要改为比较级more。
8. 考查非谓语作定语。根据上一句可知，是已准备好的食物，表示食物被准备的，既是被动的又是完成的，所以要用过去分词。本句的prepare不是谓语动词，而是非谓语，作food的定语，故把prepare改为prepared。
9. 考查固定句式。本句中运用了so….that….句式，意为“如此….以致于…”，故把very改为so。句意：他（对做饭）非常有激情，以至于任何东西都不能阻止他。
10. 考查固定搭配。Let+宾语+do，因此要把to删掉。
