2019年中考英语二轮语法专题讲义+练习：形容词（含答案）

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（通用版）2019中考英语精品讲义：形容词（含答案）
学科老师辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课日期 授课时段
授课主题 形容词
教学内容
课前回顾 知识梳理知识点1：形容词一、形容词 1. 作定语 形容词作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如果有两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系密切的形容词靠近名词; 如果几个形容词的性质差不多，则音节少的在前，音节多的靠近名词。 I’d like a light blue woolen sweater. 我想买一件浅蓝色的羊毛衫。 He lives in a small German town. 他住在德国的一个小镇里。 2.下列情况下形容词作定语要后置。 1)形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定式代词时，须放在其后。 It’s nothing serious. 没有什么严重的。 Do you have anything important to tell us? 你有重要的事情告诉我们吗？ 2)表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 The Great Wall is over six thousand kilometers long. 长城有六千多千米长。 3)else只能作后置定语，修饰疑问代词what、who、whom、whose和不定代词something、anything、nothing、somebody、anybody、nobody等。 Did anyone else come with James? 有别的人和詹姆斯一起来吗？ 4)形容词短语作定语，必须放在被修饰的名词之后。 All the villagers, old and young, turned out to welcome the visitors. 所有村民，年老的和年轻的，全部出来欢迎参观者。 3.只能作表语的形容词 afraid, alone, asleep, awake, alive, well, ill, frightened等形容词在句中只能用作表语，而不能做定语。 He’s well. 不可说He’s a well man. 4.只能作定语的形容词 little ,only, wooden, woolen, elder等以及复合形容词English-speaking, glass-stopped, kind-hearted, man-made, take-away等也只能作定语。 He is a little boy. 但不可说Thy boy is little. Father Christmas is a kind-hearted man. 圣诞老人是一个心地善良的人。 5.貌似副词的形容词 lonely(独自的)，friendly(友好的)，lively(生动的)，lovely(可爱的) 二、形容词变副词 一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意： 1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。 例如：happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily 等。 2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。例如：possible—possibly, terrible—terribly等。3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true—truly等。 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite—politely, wide—widely等。 4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如：usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefully, full—fully等。 专题过关 1 . Many experts think pigs are ______ to train than dogs or cats. A. easier B. much easy C. more easily D. too easy 2. Ginger can’t dance as ______ as Jasmine, but she still got the prize. A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. less beautifully D. the most beautifully 3. Matt became so ______ when I dropped the coffee on her shirt, which made me quite upset. A. forgetful B. carefully C. angry D. sadly 4. Often life is much ________ outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well. A. slow B. slower C. slowest D. the slowest 5. Mary looked _____ because she lost her new watch last week. A. friendly B. upset C. happy D. excited 6. Mr Wang is usually the first one to come to work, but today Xiao Li came than he. A. early B. earliest C. earlier D. very early 7. The beef tastes the pork. Please make yourself at home. A. as better as B. much better than C. the best than D. as well as 8. I need _____ bananas to make fruit salad. Could you please buy some? A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 9. The more you smile, the _______ will feel in your everyday life. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. the happiest 10. He has read many books on history, so it’s _______ for him to answer these questions. A. hard B. impossible C. serious 11. When he heard a cry for help, he can out as______ as he could. A. hardly B. finally C. quickly D. slowly 12. If you save every day, you'll be able to buy a mobile in a year. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 13. The black suitcase is the red one. I'll take the red one. A. so expensive as B. much expensive than C. more expensive as D. much more expensive than 14. The boy checked his test paper in order to get full marks. A. enough careful B. enough carefully C. careful enough D. carefully enough 15. We feel so that China has sent its first space laboratory, Tiangong-1 into orbit successfully. A. exciting B. excited C. excite D. excitedly 16Take a look at this photo. It's the ________one I have ever taken. beautiful B. uglier C. more expensive D. prettiest 17. The fish soup tasted so that the guests asked for more. A. bad B. terrible C. well D. good 18. Mobile phones are very popular nowadays and they are_______ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 19. It's difficult to live in a foreign country，________if you don't speak the language A. importantly B. naturally C. especially D. usually 20.The house price in Shanghai is __________ to become lower and lower in the coming years. A. politely B. possibly C. likely D. happily 21.With the help of computers, writing does not seem so _________ as it used to be. A. difficult B. less difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult 22. Do you think which means of transport is , the underground or the plane? A. safe B. safety C. safest D. the safest 23. The roast beef tastes so . May I have one more piece, mum? A. well B. bad C. delicious D. terrible 24. Among the earrings I choose pair because I didn’t bring enough money that day. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 25. Alice's mother bought Alice a new dress. This beautiful dress made her look . A. quietly B. lovely C. politely D. gently 26. My son likes reading stories. Now he can tell a story as as his sister. A. better B. best C. good D. well 27. The film Tintin 's Adventure is , so it is welcomed by teenagers. A. amazing B. excited C. boring D. bored 28. It's said that the road we drove along just now is ________ in this area. A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the busiest 29. The film The Flowers of War is as as the one we saw last week A. attractive B. more attractive C. most attractive D. the most attractive 30. As soon as George heard the bad news, his face turned . A. red B. pale C. sadly D. happily 31. Jenny likes the new neighborhood because people here are . A. friendly B. softly C. politely D. nicely 32. Do you know of all the words we used in 2011 "hold" became in China? A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 33. Tea is _____ drink in the world besides water. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular34. Steven completed the science test______ in our class yesterday. A. most quickly B. more quickly C. less quickly D. quickly 35. The actress is at least 50, but she looks _______than she really is. A. very young B. much younger C. very old D. much older 答案： 1—5 AACBB 6—10 CBBBD 11—15 CADDB 16—20 DDBCC 21—25 ABCDB 26—30 DADAB 31—35 ADDAB 三、形容词的比较等级的用法 1形容词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下： 1) 符合规则的：情 况加 法例 词一 般 情 况直接加 -er ; -est tall-taller-tallest以e结尾的词加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加 more ; most more delicious most delicious2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原 级比较级最高级good , well better bestbad , illworse worstmany , much more mostlittle less leastfar farther / further farthest / furthest形容词和副词比较级的用法级别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原 ? ?级同等程度肯定形式 As+原级+as (像……一样) Art is as interesting as music. Play as well as you can. ? 否定形式 not + so (as) +原级+as (不如……那样) English is not so difficult as science. She does not study so well as I do. ?比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than (比……) Jim is older than Luky. I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加 much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]（越来越……） The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越……, 越……） He is growing taller and taller. He studies better and better. The more books she reads, the better she understand. ?最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上） The +最高级+of (in) (最……) Spring is the best season of the year. Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略 2 比较级用法 1.原级的用法 1)“甲 + 谓语动词 + as + 原级 + as +乙”表示甲乙两者程度相同。 I think foreign languages are as difficult as science subjects. 我想外语和理科一样难学。 2)“甲 + 谓语动词 + not + as/so + 原级 + as +乙”表示“甲不如乙……”。 Luckily the weather was not so wet as it today. 幸运的是天气不象今天这样潮湿。 3)“甲 + 谓语动词 + less + 原级 + as + 乙”表示“甲不比乙 ……” I think music is less important than Chinese.我不认为数学比语文重要。 2.比较级表示两者之间的比较，常用句型结构有： 1)“甲 + 谓语动词 + 比较级 + than + 乙”，表示“甲比乙…… 。” Han Meimei’s cake is bigger than Lily’s.韩梅梅的蛋糕比莉莉大。 比较级前可用much, even, still, a bit, a little等加强语气。 It’s much better than having class.比上课好玩多了。 2)“甲 + 谓语动词 +比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词(介词短语) ”，表示“甲比任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国任何城市都大。 3)“甲 + 谓语动词 + the +比较级 + of the two +……”表示“两者中较……的”。 Tom is the taller of the two (brothers).汤姆是他兄弟俩人中较高的一个。 4)“比较级+and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”。 Our life gets better and better. 我们的生活越来越好。 3.最高级用于三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内或某类人或物中“最……”，常用句型结构有： 1)“主语 + 谓语动词 + the + 最高级 + 单数名词 + in/of短语”， Huanghe is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大长河。 2)“主语 + 谓语动词 + one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 + in / of短语”表示“……是最……之一。” The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 3)“特殊疑问词 + 谓语动词 + the + 最高级，+ 甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 太阳、月亮和地球哪一个最大？ 注意：修饰形容词比较级的词:much/even/still/far/a little/a bit/a lot课堂练习1： 1. Hai Nan is a very large island. It’s the second ______ island in China. A. large B. Larger C. largest D. most large 2. A horse is______ than a dog. A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. the heaviest 3. — The TV programmer is boring. Shall we play chess instead? — All right. That is ______ than watching a boring programmer. A. very good B. much good C. very better D. much better 4. This second-hand camera is much ______ than that new one. A. Cheap B. cheaper C. Dear D. dearest 5. —I will give you some nice picture books. —Good. The _______, the_______. A. more; better B. many; better C. most; best D. much; better 6. —Which is ______ season in Beijing? —I think it’s autumn. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 7. They have just cleaned the windows, so the room looks ______. A. more brighter B. more bright C. less bright D. much brighter 8. —This digital camera is really cheap! —The ______ the better. I’m short of money, you see. A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive 9. Now the air in our hometown is ______ than it was before. Something must be done. A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worse 10. It’s good for your health to do ______ sports. A. much B. least C. more D. mostCCDBA DDBDC 课堂练习2：1. Jane looks so ______ today because she has got an “A” in her math test. A. happy B happily C. angry D. angrily 2. —Is the physics problem______? —Yes. I can work it out______. A. easy; easily B. easy; easy C. easily; easy D. easily; easily 3. Everything is __________ at night markets. You don’t need a lot of money to have a good time. A. cheap B. bad C. tired D. dear 4. He is looking for a secondhand car. “a secondhand car” means ______. A. a used car B. a new car C. a broken car D. two cars 5. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes. She is ______. A. care B. careful C. Carefully D. careless 6. —How do you like the new film? —______. A. Very kind B. Very delicious C. Very lucky D. Very interesting 7. —The coat is too expensive. —Don’t worry. Here’s another one. It’s nice and ________, I think. A. cheap B. dear C. beautiful D. bright 8. —Why don’t you ask Tom to do it? —I don’t know whether he is ______ to. He sometimes makes things worse. A. possible B. able C. afraid D. easy 9. Hello, Mr. Green! I want to see you right now. Can you come as ______ as possible? A. many B. late C. much D. soon 10. Water will be turned into ice in weather. A. freeze B. froze C. freezing D. FrozenAAAAD DABDC课堂小结 课后复习