2019年中考英语二轮语法专题讲义+练习：形容词和副词（带答案）

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（通用版）2019中考英语精品讲义：形容词和副词（带答案）
学科老师辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年级：九年级 辅导科目：英 语 学科教师：
授课日期 授课时段 08：00-10:00
授课主题 形容词和副词专项
教学内容
课前回顾单词默写作业讲解 知识梳理知识点1：形容词一、形容词的用法：1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。　　例如，It’s a cold and windy day.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。　　 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的, living活着的例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)　　My brother is elder. (误) 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。　　例如，He looks happy today. 常见系动词：五感：sound, look, feel, smell, taste 变化：get, become, turn, grow 保持：keep, stay, remain 只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的　　 例如，The man is ill.(正)　　The ill man is my uncle.(误) 3.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。　　 例如， The road is about two hundred metres long. It is about five hours’ walk. He is a two-year-old boy. 4.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的;ugly 丑陋的 5.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known 众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的。 6.The+形容词：表示这一类人，做主语是谓语动词用复数：the old老人； the poor穷人 二、形容词重点句子结构：“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 　　注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。　　例如，It’s very kind of you to help me.(=you are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我，真好。　　It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=she is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话，真粗鲁。 It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=he is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。 “It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 　　注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。例如，It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=to learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。三、注意：只能修饰形容词原级的词，very，quite，so，too　　例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。随堂练习： 1. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is ________. A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long 2. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners. A) the fastest B) quickly C) faster D) more quickly 3. The road near my home has been rebuilt. It’s much and noisier. A) wide B) wider C) widest D) the widest 4. International Pen Friends has over 300,000 members in different countries. Their ______ member is only eight years old. A) young B) younger C) youngest D) the youngest 5. The ______ one draws, or writes, or does anything, the ______ the end result will be. A) much … good B) more … better C) most … best D) many … well 6. Enamel(牙釉质) is ______ thing in the human body and keeps bacteria(细菌) away. A) hard B) harder C) hardest D) the hardest 7. Accidents due to(由于) driving at high speed are very ______ during the public holidays. A) essential B) basic C) equal D) common 8. Jessica raised her painting ________ enough for the whole class to see. A) high B) higher C) highest D) the highest 9. My grandma has been in hospital for many weeks, but now she looks much ________. A) well B) good C) better D) best 10. Nowadays, PM 2.5 pollution is becoming ________ in China. Everyone must help to fight against it. A) seriouser and seriouser B) more and more serious C) more serious and more serious D) more serious and serious 11. By 2015, the Shanghai Center will be ________ building in China. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 12. We’ll have a________ holiday. Let’s go to the beach，shall we? A) three-day B)three days C)three-days D)three-days’ 13. –You don’t look ______ today. What’s wrong? --It’s the bad fever. ?????A)?well?????? B)?happily????????? C)?hard??????? D) strongly BABCB DDACB DAA 知识点2：副词一、基本概念副词可用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，有时也修饰整个句子二、副词分类 时间副词 now 现在 then然后 today今天 ago以前 just now刚才 last week上周 地点副词 here这儿 there那儿 home在家 where在哪里 anywhere任何地方 out在外面方式副词 carefully小心地 happily高兴地 slowly慢慢地 silently沉默地 quietly安静地 bravely勇敢地 kindly好心地 suddenly突然地程度副词 much很 very非常 so如此 too太 enough足够 quite相当 almost几乎疑问副词 where哪里 when什么时候 why 为什么 how怎样频率副词 often经常 usually通常 sometimes有时 never从不 always总是评论副词 luckily幸运地 generally一般来说 honestly诚实地 naturally自然地 hopefully有希望地 briefly简洁地 surely当然 frankly坦白连接副词 when where why 三、副词构成副词的构成。 很多副词都可以由形容词直接加后缀-ly构成。beautiful-beautifully careful-carefully safe-safely exact-exactly recent- recently以-le结尾的形容词一般去掉e再加-y。 possible-possibly simple-simply terrible-terribly comfortable-comfortably 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词一般把y改为i再加-ly。happy-happily busy-busily heavy-heavily lucky-luckily easy-easily d. 有些副词与形容词同形。 hard 硬的/努力地 late 迟到的/迟到 high 高的/高高地 early 早的/早早地 兼有两种形式的副词。 late 与 lately。late: 晚； lately: 最近。He came to school late yesterday. 昨天他上学迟到了。 What has your mother been doing lately? 最近你妈妈在做什么？ wide 与widely。 wide表示空间宽度，widely表示广泛地。He likes to open the door wide.他喜欢把门大开着。English is widely used in the world. 英语在世界上被广泛使用。 hard 与 hardly。 hard 意为努力地；hardly意为几乎不。She works hard at English. But she can hardly use it. 她努力学英语，但几乎不会用。 I can hardly speak Japanese. 我几乎不会讲日语。 四、副词的用法1） 表示时间、地点、方式的副词通常放在句末。 I’ll see him off there tomorrow. 明天我要去那给他送行。 2）副词修饰形容词或其他副词时，要放在这些词前面。 She speaks too fast for me to follow. 她说得太快，我跟不上。 随堂练习： 1. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners. A) the fastest B) quickly C) faster D) more quickly 2. In her opinion, short-term memory doesn’t work as ______ as long-term memory. A) well B) good C) better D) best 3. The red bus goes________the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car. A) much slowly than B) so slowly as C) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier 4. Believe your teacher. She has various methods to make you speak English ________. A) clear B) clearer C) more clearly D) most clearly 5. Generally speaking, a computer works _______________ a human brain. A. more accurately than B. more accurate than C. as accurate as D. so accurately as 6. –You don’t look ______ today. What’s wrong? --It’s the bad fever. ?????? A)?well?????? B)?happily????????? C)?hard??????? D) strongly 7. Jimmy is _____late for his grandmother’s birthday, is he? A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always 8.Love will ________ last (延续) if we love the whole fine things around us. A. seldom B. always C. never D. sometimes 9. Please pass the glasses, my dear. I can __________ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather D. Clearly10. It generally takes ten hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai by train. The underlined word means “_______”. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. seldom11. Although Liu Wei has no hands, he can play the piano very ________. A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. beautiful D. more beautiful12. Even the president joined us that evening and, we should say, he danced_______. A. nice B. beautiful C. well D. wonderful13. ---Judy, here’s a map of that area. I hope it will help you. ----Thank you. It’s _______what I need. A. just B. still C. only D. almost14. The students are doing ________in English than before with their teacher’s help. A. better B. best C. well D. good 1-7 AACCD AABAB ACAA知识点3：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（一）形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成
1．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-est new long newer longer newest longest以e 结尾的词加-r或-st fine late finer later finest latest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-est early happy earlier happier earliest happiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot thin fat hotter thinner fatter hottest thinnest fattest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。 useful? delicious more useful? more delicious? most useful most delicious【重点】有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。
????? 原级??????????????????? 比较级???????????????????? 最高级
good/well ?????????????? better?????????????????????? best
bad/ill ?????????????? worse?????????????????????? worst
many/much ?????????????? more?????????????????????? most
little ??????????????? less??????????????????????? least
far ???????????????????farther（距离）?/further??（程度）???????? farthest/furthest
old ??????????????????? older?（年龄）/elder（长幼辈分）?????????????????oldest/eldest
（二）?比较级的修饰语形容词比较级前可加even, much, a lot, a bit, a little, still之类表示程度的状语：
He’s feeling much better today. 他感到今天好多了。（三）?【难点】形容词副词比较级的特殊用法1．比较级＋and + 比较级: 越来越… Eg.: wetter and wetter, more and more beautiful 2．the + 比较级，the +比较级：越…, 就越… Eg.: The more, the better. 3．比较级前有时也可加定冠词the表示“两者中比较……的一个”，要用( the +?比较级?+ of the two)的句式.He is the stronger of the two boys. English is the easier language of??the??two. 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?　　Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. 　She is the taller of the two sisters. 4．同级比较 1）? as + 形容词或副词原级 + as ?（意为“和……一样”） He is as tall as your brother. Tom plays football as well as Jack.
2）? 否定形式： not……as/so……as ? （意为“……不如……）
He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 （四） 形容词副词最高级用法 1．the + 最高级 + 比较范围(of all/ in …/among…)
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
2. the+序数词+最高级+n.
　　　　 The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China. 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。
　　? Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者：
　　? Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class. 随堂练习1. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is ________. A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long 2. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners. A) the fastest B) quickly C) faster D) more quickly 3. In her opinion, short-term memory doesn’t work as ______ as long-term memory. A) well B) good C) better D) best 4. The red bus goes________the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car. A) much slowly than B) so slowly as C) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier 5. Believe your teacher. She has various methods to make you speak English ________. A) clear B) clearer C) more clearly D) most clearly 6. Generally speaking, a computer works _______________ a human brain. A. more accurately than B. more accurate than C. as accurate as D. so accurately as 7. –You don’t look ______ today. What’s wrong? --It’s the bad fever. ?????? A)?well?????? B)?happily????????? C)?hard??????? D) strongly 8. Jimmy is _____late for his grandmother’s birthday, is he? A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always 9.We all agree that owning a car is ___________ expensive than taking the underground. A) far little B) much more C) many more D) much 10. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is ________. A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long11. The beach is away than I thought it was. A) far B) farther C) farthest D) the farthest 12. “You look in this new dress.” Tom said to Sally. A) lovely B) beautifully C) happily D) quietly13. She looks as __________ as a Barbie Doll. A) carefully B) lovely C) beautifully D) sweetly 14. --- Hey, why are you running so__________? --- I’m afraid I’ll be late for school. A) quietly B) hard C) fast D) carefully 15. Steven finished the science test __________ in our class yesterday. A) quickly B) more quickly C) quickliest D) most quickly 16. Eating some Deo Perfume Candies(香体糖)makes you smell __________. A) soft B) frightened C) sweet D) friendly 17. Jack took music _____ than any boy in his class and held a concert successfully. A) serious B)seriously C) more serious D) more seriously18. During the training process we saw Bill was __________ learner among the children. A. quick B. the quickest C. quicker D. quickest 19. Mike’s idea on the activities for the outing sounds __________. We will think it over. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interestingly20. Many people think the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing was one of _______ games in history.A) more wonderful B) most wonderful C) the most wonderful D) the most wonderfully21. The little baby looks very especially when he is smiling.A) lovely B) carefully C) heavily D) sadly 22. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners. A) the fastest B) quickly C) faster D) more quickly 23.This kind of beef from India tastes _________. We don’t like it at all. A) delicious B) good C) well D) awful In her opinion, short-term memory doesn’t work as ______ as long-term memory. A) well B) good C) better D) bestMO Yan(莫言) felt______ when he won the 2012 Nobel Prize in literature(文学).A) happily B) happy C) exciting D) eagerWe Know that Sandy can draw ______ than any other student in our school.A) good B) well C) better D) best27.The class teacher made a_________speech at the parents' meeting yesterday. A) wonder B) wonderful C) wonderfully D) wondered 28. The red bus goes________the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car. A) much slowly than B) so slowly as C) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier 29. The girl in red looks as____________as the pop singer. A) beautifully B) nicely C) lovely D) sweetly 30. We need to go shopping. There is ________ juice left in the fridge. A) little B) few C) many D) much 31. The road near my home has been rebuilt. It’s much and noisier. A) wide B) wider C) widest D) the widest 32. That little boy is good at maths, but sometimes he still has ________ mistakes. A) a few B) a little C) little D) few 33. Xiao Wang likes singing very much. He is one of ________ singers in that area. A) much famous B) the more famous C) more famous D) the most famous34. My son thought that films should be full of action to keep people _________. A) interested B) interesting C) interest D) interests43. When our parents get old, they will need ________ of our time and attention than before. A) many B) more C) less D) few 35. International Pen Friends has over 300,000 members in different countries. Their ______ member is only eight years old.[来源:Zxxk.Com] A) young B) younger C) youngest D) the youngest 36. Water is so important that ______ everyday tasks can be completed without it. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little 37. All the guests seemed ______ and no one was complaining. A) happy B) happily C) happiness D) unhappy 38. The ______ one draws, or writes, or does anything, the ______ the end result will be. A) much … good B) more … better C) most … best D) many … well 39. Spending ______ more hours sleeping at the weekend makes you sleepier during the week. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little 40. Enamel(牙釉质) is ______ thing in the human body and keeps bacteria(细菌) away. A) hard B) harder C) hardest D) the hardest 41. Gangnam Style requires people to dance ______ like horse riding than usual. A) accurate B) more accurate C) accurately D) more accurately42. Accidents due to(由于) driving at high speed are very ______ during the public holidays. A) essential B) basic C) equal D) common 43. The world is so big that nothing is to ______. A) be proud of B) be satisfied with C) be surprised at D) be thankful to44. We should obey the traffic rules in order to keep ourselves ______ . A) save B) safe C) safely D) safety 45. The Voice of China became one of ______ TV shows a few months ago. A) popular B) more popular C) much more popular D) the most popularBAACC DAABB BABCD CDBBCAADAB CBCCA BADAB AABBD DDCBD归纳总结1. 形容词考点 2. 副词考点 3. 比较级最高级 课后作业整理 错题 回家作业I．选择 To prevent the spread of H1N1, one good way is to keep windows _______ so as to keep the indoor air fresh. A) opened B) open C) opening D) to open The food is delicious at this hotel, but the service seems ___________. A. good B. well C. poor D. poorly From his smiling face, we could guess that he was quite ___________the exam. A) good at B) full of C) strict with D) satisfied with In my opinion, the car driver should be ______ the accident. A) afraid of B) ready for C) responsible for D) familiar with My mother _______me about what I did at school. She went out without saying a word. A) was interested in B) was angry with C) was proud of D) was careful with Mum __________ me when I was young. She always made me do things carefully. A. was angry with B. was careful with C. was strict with D. was satisfied with What the clown(小丑) said was so _________ that all of us laughed all the time. A) interesting B) boring C) amazing D) amusing Before Diana went abroad, she learned to do some _________ Chinese cooking. A. single B. simple C. terrible D. possibleIn winter the _________ the snow is, the happier the children are. A) heavy B) heavier C) heavily D) the heaviest Stories with dramatic endings are much ______ .A) interested B) more interested C) interesting D) more interesting---Who’s your ______ friend in your class? ---I think Lucy is. A) good B) better C) best D) the best This type of suitcase is ____________ the red one. A) so expensive as B) much expensive than C) more expensive as D) much more expensive than13. The twins are together most of the time. They never feel ________. A. alone B. lonely C. happily D. friendly 14. What a ________ cough! ou seem ________ ill. A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible C. terrible, terrible D. terribly, terribly 15. The two friends were ________pleased to see each other that they forgot everything. A. so B. too C. very D. much 16. Which is ________, Li Lei's box or Han Meimei's box? A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavier D. the heaviest 17. You don't like the same colours and I don't like them, ________. A. too B. also C. either D. neither 18. Jim is ________at all his lessons. nd I'm sure he'll do very ________ in the exams. A. well, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good 19. You look ________than before，why? A. more thin B. more thinner C. much more thin D. much thinner 20. Let's go out for supper now. 'm very ________. A. hungry B. angry C. tired D. thirsty 21. -Can you understand me? -Sorry, I can ________understand you. A. hardly B. almost C. even D. ever 22. “________do you write to your penfriend?” “About twice a month.” A. How often B. How soon C. How much D. How long 23. Changjiang River is ________river in China A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 24. I'll work ________I can. A. so hardly as B. so hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as 25. It is very ________to listen to him. A. interested B. interesting C. interested in D. interest 26. Things are ________worse than I thought. A. more B. few C. very D. much 27. It is one o'clock, but her father hasn't come back ________. A. already B. still C. too D. yet BCDCB CDBBD CDBAA BCBDA AADDB DD II．词转 The lucky' boy shouted to his mother ___________ with the prize he had got in his hand. (excitement) excitedlyWhat nice weather! The sun is shining and the wind blows _________. (gentle) gentlyLeo's spoken English has been ___________ improved since he joined the English Club. (great) greatlyThe smoke which has been cleaned is __________ . (harm) harmlessThe old man has been ill for several day's, so he looks pale and ____________. (health) unhealthyIt’s ____________for Tom to eat junk food from time to time. (healthy) unhealthyThe weather in Hainan is ________ than that in Shanghai. (hot) hotter The cat looked ________ at the fish in the bowl. (hungry) hungrily The guests the room because it is too small and it has a terrible smell. (like) dislike Jack told us his ___________ experiences in China. (interest) interesting I got in the animated cartoon the first time I watched it. (interest) interestedMore , people have known they must protect their living environment.(important) importantly__________ , we were not caught in the heavy rain last night. (lucky) Luckily Sichuan Earthquake is China’s biggest ________ disaster since 1949.(nature) natural It is ______ to understand every single word when reading an article. (necessary) unnecessary Pansy is a tall and girl with a cheerful face. (please) pleasant The family had a ____________ trip to Beijing during the eight-day holiday. (pleasure) pleasant They tried everything they ____________ could to improve the situation. (possible) possiblyThis letter is _____________, and I don’t want anyone else to read it. (person) personal He was thought to be __________ for the fire that destroyed the new house. (responsibility) responsible Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save) safe Harry Potter became very ___________ with children and adults in England. (success) successful Thousands of people were _________ injured in the earthquake happened in Chile. (serious) seriously I'm _________ sorry that I couldn't find your palmtop computer, Jane. (terrible) terribly For reasons, the work can't be done at present. (variety) various Everybody here knows Mr. Smith has a __________ knowledge of French history. (widen) wide I think it's ________of you to make such a good decision. (wisdom) wise Mcdull is one of the ____________ stories I've ever heard. ( fun ) funniestCooler house and ________ sleep in hot July enable people to keep fit. (good) betterKodak film is retired. It was one of the most ____________ colour films in the world. (succeed) successful The higher the ground is, the ___________ the air becomes. (thin) thinner II．句转Paul likes playing basketball better than watching old movies on TV. (保持句意基本不变) Paul ________ playing basketball ________ watching old movies on TV. prefers; toAn ordinary plane is usually not so big as a space plane. (保持句意基本不变) An ordinary plane is usually ________ ________ a space plane. smaller than Giving up a bad habit is more difficult than starting it（保持原句意思） It is ________ to start a bad habit ________ to give it up. easier；than The older he gets, the more forgetful he becomes. (保持原句意思) He becomes more forgetful________ ________ . with age The Huangpu River is not as deep as the Yangtze River.(保持原句意思) The Yangtze River is________ ________ the Huangpu River. deeper than Australia doesn’t have as many people as China. (保持句意基本不变) Australia has ________ people ________ China. fewer；than Jeaaica likes Chinese food better than British food.（保持句意基本不变） Jessica ________ Chinese food ________ British food. prefers；toI don't think chemistry is as interesting as physics. (保持原句意思不变) I think chemistry is ________ interesting ________ physics. less than