第32课 状语从句
课堂突破
概念 用来修饰主句中的动词、副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、地点状语从句和方式状语从句。
分类 时间状语从句 1. 时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。如：It was raining hard when we got to school yesterday． 昨天我们到学校的时候，雨下得很大。 2. 在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，而用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York． 我一到纽约就给你打电话。 3. 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词；如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……；在……以前不……”，谓语动词可用瞬间性动词。如： ①The young man read till the light went out． 这个年轻人看书一直到熄灯。 ②The young man didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. 这年轻人直到他妈妈回来才去睡觉。
条件状语从句 1. 条件状语从句通常由if， unless引导。如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? 如果明天下雪，我们该做什么？ 2. 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。如：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow． 如果我明天有空，我会帮助你学习英语的。 3. “祈使句+and（or）+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late． 快点，否则你会迟到的。
原因状语从句 1. 原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。如：He didn’t come to school because he was ill． 他没来上学是因为他病了。 2. because表示直接原因，语气最强，because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。如：Since we have no money, we can’t buy it. 因为我们没钱，所以我们不能买这个。
结果状语从句 1. 结果状语从句由so...that, such...that, so that引导。如：He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son． 他太穷以至于买不起一辆自行车给他儿子。 2. so...that与such...that可以互换。在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是：...so+形容词（副词）+that从句。如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word． 他太高兴以至于一句话也说不出来。 3. such与名词连用，其结构是：...such+（a/an）+形容词+名词+that从句。如：He is such a good boy that everyone likes him. 他是如此好的一个男孩以至于每个人都喜欢他。
比较状语从句 比较状语从句通常由as...as，比较级+than...等引导。如：Tom runs faster than John does. 汤姆比约翰跑得快。
目的状语从句 1. 目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导。如：We started early so that we could catch the first train. 我们早点出发以便于赶上首班火车。 2. so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：（1）目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等；（2）从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。如： ①Speak clearly so that they may understand you. （目的状语从句）讲得清楚点以便于他们能听懂你。 ②Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. （结果状语从句）杰克病得很严重以至于他不得不休息。
让步状语从句 1. 让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。如：Though he is young， he knows a lot． 尽管他还年轻，但他懂得很多。 2. although（though）和but不能用在同一个句子中。我们不能说：Though it was raining hard， but he still went out．，应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out. 尽管雨下得很大，他还是出去了。
地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where, wherever, everywhere来引导。如： ①Go where you like. 去你喜欢的地方。 ②Wherever he goes, I will go. 不管他去哪里，我也会去。
方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词（词组）有as, like, as though, as if, the way等。如： ①Leave the things as they are. 别动那些东西。 ②I remember the whole thing, as if it happened yesterday. 我从头至尾记着这件事，好像它是昨天发生的一样。
当堂检测
一、用适当的连词填空。
1. （2018·宁波）I was__________frightened that I ran fast.
2. —What are you going to do this weekend?
—Well, we’ll clean up the city parks__________it rains.
3. —Many teenagers like junk food so much.
—Yes,__________it’s bad for health.
4. They develop their skills__________they can do things better and better.
5. We have been good friends__________we joined the same ping-pong team.
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。（2018·绍兴市上虞区中考模拟）
except knowledge comfortable harm your
1. He always lies on the sofa__________and watches TV.
2. The store is open every day__________on Sundays.
3. We are young adults full of energy and thirsty for .
4. Our bus is here and__________is over there, the red one.
5. Reading too much on the smartphone is__________to our eyes.
三、任务型阅读。（2017·湖州市吴兴区中考模拟）
现如今智能手机上有很多实用的App软件，方便人们生活需求。请你根据以下五个朋友的描述把App代号A—E填入1—5小题相应空格处。
（ ）1. A girl named Alice comes to China for the first time. She wants to go to Shanghai by train. Now she wants to find out the latest train information.
（ ）2. As a newcomer, Alice has no idea where Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station is. She wants to use the App to find her way quickly.
（ ）3. On the train, Alice feels a little bored and then tries to listen to music for relaxing. So she takes out her phone and clicks the App to search for the music she likes.
（ ）4. When she arrives at the station, she finds she has no money to pay the bill. So she takes out the phone to use the App to pay the bill.
（ ）5. WeChat is a most popular App on the phone. Alice often uses it to communicate with friends whenever they are free. Meanwhile, she’d like to share what she did or likes online, too.
参考答案
当堂检测
一、1. so 2. unless 3. though
4. so that 【解析】句意为“他们拓展技能是为了能够把事情做得越来越好”。后面的从句表示目的。
5. since
二、1. comfortably 2. except 3. knowledge
4. yours 5. harmful
三、1—5. ADECB
课后练习32 状语从句
温馨提示：为满足部分老师批改时的评估需要，本课时的题量已按满分100分来设置，请需要的老师自行规划。
一、用适当的连词（词组）填空
1. Savannah was moved by the risks they faced,____________ she made 200 “thank-you” cards for them.
2. You can do everything well____________ you put your heart into it.
3. I haven’t heard from him____________ he went to America.
4. We won’t give up____________ we have failed ten times.
5. I’ll tell her about the important news____________ I see her.
6. He got a job at the airport____________ he’d left school.
7.____________ all of them were reading in the classroom, a boy ran into it quickly.
8. Were you writing____________ the teacher came in?
9.____________ years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.
10. He didn’t go to bed____________ he finished all his work.
11. There are heavy clouds in the sky____________ it is going to rain.
二、用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空，每个词或词组限用一次
wherever even though finish no matter how as soon as
1. —Will you go to the movies with me?
—Not until I have____________ my homework.
2.____________ well you drive, you must drive carefully.
3. I will never forget that terrible accident____________ it happened so long ago.
4.____________ you go, you can always get help from others.
5. He will come here right away____________ he hears the news.
三、句型转换
1. Jack is so short that he can’t reach the book on the shelf. （改为同义句）
Jack is____________ short to reach the book on the shelf.
2. The teacher began his class. All the students were seated. （用not...until合并为一句）
The teacher___________ ____________ his class____________ all the students were seated.
3. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the early bus. （改为同义句）
____________you____________ hurry up, you____________
catch the early bus.
4. The children have to stay inside because of the hot weather. （改为状语从句）
The children have to stay inside____________ ____________ ___________ ___________ hot.
5. Miss Gao wrote a letter to her friend at once after she had got to Shanghai. （改为同义句）
Miss Gao__________a letter to her friend________ __________ __________she__________ Shanghai.
四、阅读理解（2018·宁波市南山县区模拟）
Why do Americans worry about their weight, while the French, who eat rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a study by Cornel University suggests how life-style and decision about eating may affect（影响） weight. Scientists say that the French tend to（倾向于） stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and spend a long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed（挤压） between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating after the French have stopped. He also points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned（罐装的） and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets. They can buy fresh fruit, vegetables, eggs and very good meat for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggest how to avoid food. Today she con-tinues to stay thin and hardly goes to the gym.
Meanwhile, the research also shows that recent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits.Today the rate of obesity（肥胖率）—or very overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American food gets popular and the young French say no to the old traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
（ ）1. In what ways are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?
A. The French go shopping at supermarket more often.
B. The French squeeze eating between the other activities.
C. The French regard eating as a key part of lifestyle.
D. The French usually eat too much canned and frozen food.
（ ）2. Compared with the adults, the French children get____________ .
A. fatter B. thinner
C. healthier D. lazier
（ ）3. This text is mainly about____________.
A. Americans and the French
B. lifestyle and obesity
C. children and adults
D. fast food and overweight
（ ）4. Where is this passage probably taken from?
A. A TV interview.
B. A food advertisement.
C. A health report.
D. A book review.
五、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词
Michael’s birthday was coming soon, so he asked his dad for a bicycle so that he would not need to walk to school anymore. However, Michael’s dad had lost his job and did not have much money. Michael got a book 1____________（代替） but he did not complain.
It was a 2____________（明亮的） and sunny day. While Michael was walking 3____________（经过） a store on his way to school, he saw a big boy on a bike. The bike was too small for the boy. As the boy was 4____________（转弯） around a corner, he fell down from the bike.
The boy was a student in Michael’s school. Michael knew him. The boy’s name was William. William 5____________（似乎） to have broken his leg. Michael picked up William’s bike which was not broken and rode to the nearby hospital to get help. After a few 6____________（分钟）, an ambulance came and brought William to the hospital. Michael rode William’s bike to school so that he would not be late for class.
After school, Michael 7____________（飞快地） rode the bicycle to William’s house with a book for William. William was not too badly hurt and was ready to8____________（离开） hospital.
To Michael’s 9____________（惊讶）, William was getting a new bike on his birthday in two months’ time and Michael could have William’s old bike. Michael was very happy.
From then on, Michael and William became good friends. Michael visited William every day 10 （直到） William’s leg was all right again.
六、语法填空（2018·金华市婺城区模拟）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。
Have you ever visited the website wuxiaworld. com? 1____________（recent）, it has surprised many Chinese people by its great popularity in the US.
The website is a platform for 2____________（share） English versions of Chinese kung fu novels. With a black Chinese dragon 3____________ the top of its home-page, wuxiaworld.com has seven complete translations of Chinese kung fu novels now.
Lai Jingping is 4____________ founder of the website. His online username is RWX. He 5____________（take） to the US from Chengdu by his parents 6____________he was three. That was why he could only speak a little 7____________（China） at home and know little about Chinese characters. Later, he became very 8____________（interest） in the TV series The Return of the Condor Heroes（《神雕侠侣》）. And soon, he began to study Chinese and tried to translate Louis Cha’s works by 9____________（he）.
Now wuxiaworld.com is two years old. It has had 20 to 30 10____________（project）.
参考答案
一、1. so 2. if 3. since 4. though
5. as soon as 6. after 7. While/When 8. when
9. As 10. until 11. as if/as though
二、1. finished 【解析】在时间状语从句中，要用现在时态代替将来时态。
2. No matter how 【解析】句意为：无论你驾驶得多么好，也必须要小心驾驶。no matter how意为“无论怎样”。
3. even though 【解析】句意为：我将永远不会忘记那次可怕的事故，即使它发生在很久以前。even though意为“即使”。
4. Wherever
5. as soon as 【解析】句意为：他一听到这个消息就会立刻来这里。as soon as意为“一……就……”。
三、1. too 2. didn’t begin, until 3. If, don’t, won’t
4. because the weather is 5. wrote, as soon as, reached
四、1—2. CA
3. B 【解析】本文主要讲了生活方式和肥胖的关系。
4. C
五、1. instead 2. bright 3. past/by 4. turning
5. seemed 6. minutes 7. quickly 8. leave
9. surprise 10. till/until
六、1. Recently 2. sharing 3. on/at 4. the
was taken 6. when/as 7. Chinese 8. interested
9. himself 10. projects
