小升初英语总复习第二章词类第六节介词和连词 课件 29张PPT
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| 名称 | 小升初英语总复习第二章词类第六节介词和连词 课件 29张PPT |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-02-24 10:31:59 | ||
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课件29张PPT。第二章 词 类第六节 介词和连词 知识梳理一、介词的概念
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独充当句子成分。介词后面一般会接上名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作为它的宾语。二、介词的分类及用法
(一)表示位置的介词
1. at， in， on， to 2. above， over， on3. under， below 4. near， beside， next to， by 5. in front of， behind 6. on the left， on the right， in the middle， between…(and)， among (二)表示时间的介词
1. in， on，at2. in， after 3. before， after (三)表示位移方向的介词(四)表示其他意义的介词
1. by表示“用……方法、手段”，或表示“用某种交通工具”。
如：He makes a living by selling newspapers.
My father goes to the USA by plane. 2. with表示“用……工具、手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段。
如：He broke the window with a stone.
We can see with our eyes and smell with our noses.
3. in表示“用……方式；用……语言、语调；穿着”等。
如：Please say it in English.
Mary is in red today.
4. for
(1) 表示“给……”。如：This present is for you.
(2) 表示“为了……”。如：Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.
(3) 表示“作为……”。如：We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch. 5. to
(1)表示“到……”。如：Take your sport shoes to the PE class.
(2)表示“致……”。如：Happy birthday to you！
6. from表示“来自”。如：I'm from China. ＝I come from China.
7. from…to… 指“从……到……”。
如：Line up from shorter to taller. 从矮到高排队。
We have classes from Monday to Friday.
8. of 表示“……的”。如：This is a map of China. 三、介词短语
介词短语指的是某一个介词固定与另外一个词搭配，表达某一个固定的意思。
以下为小学阶段学过的介词短语汇总：
1. 动词＋介词
agree with同意 ask for要求
belong to属于 get on上车
get off下车 get to到达
hold on等一等 listen to听
look at看 look after照顾
look for寻找 look up查找
look like看上去像 put on穿上
put off 推迟 wait for等待
want to想要 put away收拾
worry about为……担忧 2. 形容词＋介词
afraid of害怕 angry with生气
close to接近于 famous for因……出名
full of充满 good at擅长于
proud of自豪 short of缺乏
late for迟到 sorry for对……抱歉
interested in对……感兴趣
different from与……不同 3. 介词＋其他词
after school放学后 at first首先
at last最后 at least至少
in English用英语 by oneself独自
by the way顺便问一下 for example例如
in time及时 on time准时；按时
on holiday在度假 from now on从现在开始
from…to… 从……到……四、连词的概念
连词是用来连接词、短语和句子的虚词，表示它们之间的关系，不能单独使用。
五、常见连词及其用法
1. and表示“和”。
如：I like cabbages and carrots.
2. both…and… 表示“……和……(两者)都……”。
如：Both you and I are in Class Six this year.
3. not only…but also… 表示“不仅……而且……”。
如：Mike is not only good at basketball but also
good at football. 4. or表示“或者；是……还是……”。常用连接疑问句或否定句中的并列成分。
如：Would you like milk or tea？
I don't have a sister or a brother.
5. either…or… 表示“或者……或者……”。
如：Put it either in the desk or in the schoolbag.
6. but表示“但是”。
如：I try my best, but I can’t do it well.
7. because表示“因为”。
如：I like beef, because it is delicious.
8. for表示“因为(语气比because弱)”。
如：You’d better put on your sweater, for it’s cold outside. 9. so表示“所以”。
如：My mother worked last night, so I went shopping by myself.
【注】在英语中，because和so的用法与中文中的“因为……所以……”结构不同，它们不能同时出现在一个句子中，即如果句子中用了because，就不能再用so；反之，如果用了so，前面就不能用because。
10. since表示“从……开始”。
如：I have played the piano since I was five years old. 11. until/till表示“直到……；直到……才……(not… until…结构)”。
如：I won’t go to bed until my mother comes back.
12. if表示“如果”。
如：If you can do it, so can I.
If you go by car, by bike or on foot, you must know the traffic rules. 考点精析考点 考查介词、连词在句子中的正确运用
【例1】用适当的介词填空。
1. The book is made wood.
2. The table is made wood.
3. The fan is made China.
4. The model plane is made Tom. 解析：本题考查介词的运用。be made 后面接上不同的介词，所表达的意思不同。 be made of 和be made from 都是指“由什么制成”，但是be made of指从制成品可以直接清楚地看出原材料是什么；be made from指从制成品看不出原材料是什么；be made in指“在哪里制造”；be made by指“由谁制造”。
答案： 1. from 2. of 3. in 4.by【例2】单项填空。
( )1.Birds can fly in the sky they can’t swim in the water.
A. and B. but C. or
( )2.He has four pens.he doesn’t use them.
A. But B. And C. Or
( )3.Hurry up, you’ll be late for school.
A. and B. or C. so
解析：第1题考查连词的运用。分析句意，横线前后两句的意思有转折的意味，因此只能用连词 but。第2题but（但是）表示转折关系；and（和）表示并列关系；or （或者）表示选择关系。根据句意“他有四支钢笔，但是他从来都不用”可知表转折，因此正确答案是A 。第3题根据句意“快点，否则你就迟到了”，只有or 才有“否则；要不然”的意思。因此正确答案是 B。
答案： 1.B 2.A 3.B举一反三
1. 用适当的介词填空。
(1)What are you looking ？
(2)The girl always looks the dog.
(3)Look the blackboard.
(4)You can look the dictionary and you'll
know the meaning of it.
(5)Look you leap(跳). forafteratupbefore 2. 用适当的连词填空。
(1)I like music art.
(2)The shirt is nice， it's too expensive for
me.
(3)I don‘t like winter it's so cold.
(4) you and your sister can go hiking
with us.
(5) you want to get good grades， you
should study hard. andbutbecauseBothIf过关检测1. There is a picture _____ the wall.
2. There are two shelves ___________ the picture.
3. There are many books _____ the shelf.
4. A boy and a girl are _____ the table.
5. The box is _______ the boy. 一、根据图片内容，在下列句子中的横线上填上适当
的介词。onbeside/nearonatbehind二、在下列横线上填上适当的介词。
1. _____ autumn 2. _____ the middle 3. _____ subway
4. _____ train 5. _____ Monday 6. interested _____
7. _____ Chinese 8. listen _____ 9. do well _____
10. be good _____ 11. play _____ us
12. help him _____ English 13. wait _____
14. _____ July 15. live _____ Hainan
16. a cup _____ tea 17. _____ time
18. put _____ your coat 19. agree _____
20. _____ the gate _____ the schoolininbybyoninintoinatwithwithforininofon/inonwithatof三、单项填空。
( )1. Cloud is _____ vapour(水蒸气).
A. from B. in C. on
( )2. There is a river _____ the two villages.
A. in B. between C. in the middle
( )3. It’s time _____ go to school.
A. to B. for C. up
( )4. Look _____ the boy. He’s playing ____ his pet cat.
A. in; of B. on; to C. at; with
( )5. Can you count _____ one _____ one thousand?
A. from; to B. from; in C. in; of
( )6. Who’s the girl _____ a small mouth?
A. in B. with C. forABACAB ( )7. I study English hard,___ English is very important.
A. so B. because C. until
( )8. Use your head, ____you will find a way.
A. and B. or C. but
( )9. Because he is the shortest one in his class, ____ he sits in the front of the classroom.
A. so B. but C. /
( )10. I have stayed in Guangdong ____ I was ten.
A. then B. since C. but
四、用适当的介词或连词填空。
1. Sarah is _____ the USA.
2. Look!The cat is _____ (在……下面)the desk
3. I can’t leave my house _____（直到）my mother comes back. BACBfromunderuntil 4. Is she looking _____ her English book?
5. Amy’s birthday is _____ September 14th.
6. Our teacher is strict _____ me.
7.This T?shirt is different _____ that one.
8. Chen Jie sits _____ the middle _____ the living room.
9. Amy is behind Sarah.Sarah is __________ Amy.
10. He is playing football, _____ it starts to rain.
五、根据图片及问句写出答句。
1. —Where is the flower?
—____________________foronwithfrominofin front ofbutIt’s on the desk.2. —Where are the pens?
—_________________________
3. —Is the ball on the sofa?
—_________________________
4. —Where is the cat?
—___________________________________
5. —When’s your birthday?
—___________________________________They’re in the pencil box.No, it’s under the desk.It’s between the monkey and the rabbit.It’s on May 18th.
介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独充当句子成分。介词后面一般会接上名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作为它的宾语。二、介词的分类及用法
(一)表示位置的介词
1. at， in， on， to 2. above， over， on3. under， below 4. near， beside， next to， by 5. in front of， behind 6. on the left， on the right， in the middle， between…(and)， among (二)表示时间的介词
1. in， on，at2. in， after 3. before， after (三)表示位移方向的介词(四)表示其他意义的介词
1. by表示“用……方法、手段”，或表示“用某种交通工具”。
如：He makes a living by selling newspapers.
My father goes to the USA by plane. 2. with表示“用……工具、手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段。
如：He broke the window with a stone.
We can see with our eyes and smell with our noses.
3. in表示“用……方式；用……语言、语调；穿着”等。
如：Please say it in English.
Mary is in red today.
4. for
(1) 表示“给……”。如：This present is for you.
(2) 表示“为了……”。如：Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.
(3) 表示“作为……”。如：We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch. 5. to
(1)表示“到……”。如：Take your sport shoes to the PE class.
(2)表示“致……”。如：Happy birthday to you！
6. from表示“来自”。如：I'm from China. ＝I come from China.
7. from…to… 指“从……到……”。
如：Line up from shorter to taller. 从矮到高排队。
We have classes from Monday to Friday.
8. of 表示“……的”。如：This is a map of China. 三、介词短语
介词短语指的是某一个介词固定与另外一个词搭配，表达某一个固定的意思。
以下为小学阶段学过的介词短语汇总：
1. 动词＋介词
agree with同意 ask for要求
belong to属于 get on上车
get off下车 get to到达
hold on等一等 listen to听
look at看 look after照顾
look for寻找 look up查找
look like看上去像 put on穿上
put off 推迟 wait for等待
want to想要 put away收拾
worry about为……担忧 2. 形容词＋介词
afraid of害怕 angry with生气
close to接近于 famous for因……出名
full of充满 good at擅长于
proud of自豪 short of缺乏
late for迟到 sorry for对……抱歉
interested in对……感兴趣
different from与……不同 3. 介词＋其他词
after school放学后 at first首先
at last最后 at least至少
in English用英语 by oneself独自
by the way顺便问一下 for example例如
in time及时 on time准时；按时
on holiday在度假 from now on从现在开始
from…to… 从……到……四、连词的概念
连词是用来连接词、短语和句子的虚词，表示它们之间的关系，不能单独使用。
五、常见连词及其用法
1. and表示“和”。
如：I like cabbages and carrots.
2. both…and… 表示“……和……(两者)都……”。
如：Both you and I are in Class Six this year.
3. not only…but also… 表示“不仅……而且……”。
如：Mike is not only good at basketball but also
good at football. 4. or表示“或者；是……还是……”。常用连接疑问句或否定句中的并列成分。
如：Would you like milk or tea？
I don't have a sister or a brother.
5. either…or… 表示“或者……或者……”。
如：Put it either in the desk or in the schoolbag.
6. but表示“但是”。
如：I try my best, but I can’t do it well.
7. because表示“因为”。
如：I like beef, because it is delicious.
8. for表示“因为(语气比because弱)”。
如：You’d better put on your sweater, for it’s cold outside. 9. so表示“所以”。
如：My mother worked last night, so I went shopping by myself.
【注】在英语中，because和so的用法与中文中的“因为……所以……”结构不同，它们不能同时出现在一个句子中，即如果句子中用了because，就不能再用so；反之，如果用了so，前面就不能用because。
10. since表示“从……开始”。
如：I have played the piano since I was five years old. 11. until/till表示“直到……；直到……才……(not… until…结构)”。
如：I won’t go to bed until my mother comes back.
12. if表示“如果”。
如：If you can do it, so can I.
If you go by car, by bike or on foot, you must know the traffic rules. 考点精析考点 考查介词、连词在句子中的正确运用
【例1】用适当的介词填空。
1. The book is made wood.
2. The table is made wood.
3. The fan is made China.
4. The model plane is made Tom. 解析：本题考查介词的运用。be made 后面接上不同的介词，所表达的意思不同。 be made of 和be made from 都是指“由什么制成”，但是be made of指从制成品可以直接清楚地看出原材料是什么；be made from指从制成品看不出原材料是什么；be made in指“在哪里制造”；be made by指“由谁制造”。
答案： 1. from 2. of 3. in 4.by【例2】单项填空。
( )1.Birds can fly in the sky they can’t swim in the water.
A. and B. but C. or
( )2.He has four pens.he doesn’t use them.
A. But B. And C. Or
( )3.Hurry up, you’ll be late for school.
A. and B. or C. so
解析：第1题考查连词的运用。分析句意，横线前后两句的意思有转折的意味，因此只能用连词 but。第2题but（但是）表示转折关系；and（和）表示并列关系；or （或者）表示选择关系。根据句意“他有四支钢笔，但是他从来都不用”可知表转折，因此正确答案是A 。第3题根据句意“快点，否则你就迟到了”，只有or 才有“否则；要不然”的意思。因此正确答案是 B。
答案： 1.B 2.A 3.B举一反三
1. 用适当的介词填空。
(1)What are you looking ？
(2)The girl always looks the dog.
(3)Look the blackboard.
(4)You can look the dictionary and you'll
know the meaning of it.
(5)Look you leap(跳). forafteratupbefore 2. 用适当的连词填空。
(1)I like music art.
(2)The shirt is nice， it's too expensive for
me.
(3)I don‘t like winter it's so cold.
(4) you and your sister can go hiking
with us.
(5) you want to get good grades， you
should study hard. andbutbecauseBothIf过关检测1. There is a picture _____ the wall.
2. There are two shelves ___________ the picture.
3. There are many books _____ the shelf.
4. A boy and a girl are _____ the table.
5. The box is _______ the boy. 一、根据图片内容，在下列句子中的横线上填上适当
的介词。onbeside/nearonatbehind二、在下列横线上填上适当的介词。
1. _____ autumn 2. _____ the middle 3. _____ subway
4. _____ train 5. _____ Monday 6. interested _____
7. _____ Chinese 8. listen _____ 9. do well _____
10. be good _____ 11. play _____ us
12. help him _____ English 13. wait _____
14. _____ July 15. live _____ Hainan
16. a cup _____ tea 17. _____ time
18. put _____ your coat 19. agree _____
20. _____ the gate _____ the schoolininbybyoninintoinatwithwithforininofon/inonwithatof三、单项填空。
( )1. Cloud is _____ vapour(水蒸气).
A. from B. in C. on
( )2. There is a river _____ the two villages.
A. in B. between C. in the middle
( )3. It’s time _____ go to school.
A. to B. for C. up
( )4. Look _____ the boy. He’s playing ____ his pet cat.
A. in; of B. on; to C. at; with
( )5. Can you count _____ one _____ one thousand?
A. from; to B. from; in C. in; of
( )6. Who’s the girl _____ a small mouth?
A. in B. with C. forABACAB ( )7. I study English hard,___ English is very important.
A. so B. because C. until
( )8. Use your head, ____you will find a way.
A. and B. or C. but
( )9. Because he is the shortest one in his class, ____ he sits in the front of the classroom.
A. so B. but C. /
( )10. I have stayed in Guangdong ____ I was ten.
A. then B. since C. but
四、用适当的介词或连词填空。
1. Sarah is _____ the USA.
2. Look!The cat is _____ (在……下面)the desk
3. I can’t leave my house _____（直到）my mother comes back. BACBfromunderuntil 4. Is she looking _____ her English book?
5. Amy’s birthday is _____ September 14th.
6. Our teacher is strict _____ me.
7.This T?shirt is different _____ that one.
8. Chen Jie sits _____ the middle _____ the living room.
9. Amy is behind Sarah.Sarah is __________ Amy.
10. He is playing football, _____ it starts to rain.
五、根据图片及问句写出答句。
1. —Where is the flower?
—____________________foronwithfrominofin front ofbutIt’s on the desk.2. —Where are the pens?
—_________________________
3. —Is the ball on the sofa?
—_________________________
4. —Where is the cat?
—___________________________________
5. —When’s your birthday?
—___________________________________They’re in the pencil box.No, it’s under the desk.It’s between the monkey and the rabbit.It’s on May 18th.