2019年中考二轮专题系列语法复习：形容词副词 课件+学案+练习

中考英语复习形容词副词学案
考情分析
形容词和副词的比较等级和词义辨析是中考热衷的考点，主要题型包括：单项选择，用所给单词的适当形式填空、句型转换、完成句子等。预计2019年中考还是以此为主，尤其是比较等级的考查没有标志性的词，而是要结合语境判断，增加了试题的难度。
学习目标
掌握形容词副词的原级、比较级及最高级用法
掌握形容词副词在句子中所做的成分及位置
掌握形容词副词词义辨析
考点一 形容词和副词的基本用法
一、形容词
1. 形容词的用法及位置
（1）作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。
如：She is a beautiful girl. 她是个漂亮的女孩。
What else can you see? 你还能看见其他什么东西？
（2）作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，become，get（变成），turn(变成)，keep，feel，look（看起来），seem，smell，sound，taste。
如：Mike is very happy today. 迈克今天很高兴。
In spring, trees turn green 在春天，树变绿了。
例1： (2018·江苏宿迁) — It’s reported that self-driving cars are expected to change the way we move around.
— That sounds __________.
A. bad B. badly C. great D. greatly
例2：(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) If you go dancing often, you can keep health.
（3）作宾语补，形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语足语的性质、状态等。
如：I find the book interesting. 我发现这本书有趣。
What makes her so sad? 什么让她如此伤心？
（4）用于固定句型中：
It’s + 形容词 for sb to do sth.
It’s +形容词 for sb to do sth.
find/ think/ believe/ consider it +adj to do sth
It’s + adj of sb to do sth.
如：She found it boring watch Talk Show on TV.
It is king of you help others.
It’s difficult for me to repair the machine.
2.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。
如：He is 10 years old.
3.只能作表语的形容词：
afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。
4.貌似副词的形容词：
lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。
5.形容词修饰复合不定代词 (something， anything， nothing， everything， somebody ,anybody， nobody， everybody， everyone)时，要放在不定代词的后面。
如：The teacher has something important to tell us.
6. enough (足够) 放在名词前面，形容词、副词后面。
如：I don't have enough money to buy the bike.
例：(2018·湖南郴州)—May I be allowed to choose a summer course?
—It's up to you. You're ________ to make your own decision.
A. too old B. enough old C. old enough
7. 形容词的名词化
某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人，常见词有good/ bad/, rich/ poor, young/ old, black/ white等。
如：The young should be polite to the old. 年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。
8. 形容词的顺序
当名词由两个以上的形容词（包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词）修饰时，这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能依照汉语的意思去排列。通常可按下面的次序排列：
(1). 限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。
(2). 表示观点的描绘性形容词，如beautiful, fine, interesting等。
(3). 表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词，如tall, high, small, little, round等。
(4). 表示年龄、新旧的形容词，如：young, old, new等。
(5). 表示颜色的形容词，如black, white, blue等。
(6). 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词，如Japanese, American, English, rural等。
(7). 表示形成中心名词的材料的形容词，如：plastic, silky, wooden等。
如：two round blue plastic plates 两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘
9. 常见名词变形容词的方法
名词
构成方法
意义
举例
表示天气现象的名词
-y
充满…的， 多…的
cloud-cloudy
表示方位的名词
-ern
…方位的，朝…方的
west-western
表示称谓的名词
-ly
…般的
friend-friendly
表示时间的名词
-ly
每…的
week-weekly
表示物质的名词
-en
由…制成的
wood-wooden
表示抽象意义的名词
-ful/ -y/ -less
…的/ …的/ 无…的
care-careful; luck-lucky; hope-hopeless
表示大洲与国家的名词
-n
…的/ …人的
Asia-Asian
例1：（2018?上海中考）As we all know, a___ driver is always a danger to the public.(care)
例2：(2018·山东临沂) 67. It is very ______ (help) for me to have conversations with friends in English every day. My speaking skills have certainly improved.
二、副词
1. 副词的分类
(1) 时间副词
时间副词有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, lately, early, already, yet, ever等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。
(2) 地点副词
地点副词有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。
(3) 方式副词
方式副词有quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等。方式副词大多由“形容词+ly”构成。
(4) 程度副词
程度副词有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的原级，有些能修饰形容词、副词的比较级。
(5) 疑问副词
疑问副词有when, where, why, how等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。
例：(2018?湖北宜昌)—Were you told ________ to arrive at the train station?
—Yes. The group leader said we would meet there at half past ten.
A. how B. why C. when D. where
(6) 关系副词
关系副词有when, where, why。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。
(7) 频度副词
频度副词有often, usually, never等。
2. 副词作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子。
如：I read very slowly.我读得很慢。
I really miss the old days.我真的很怀念过去的时光。
例1：(2018 湖北恩施)31. People in different countries behave when they eat dinner.
A. difference B. different C. differently
例2：(2018·新疆)33. There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday. _______, nobody was hurt.
A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily
例3：(2018·江苏无锡)It’s __________ (high) possible that humans have to move to Mars in the future.
3.副词作表语，表示方位上的变化。
如：My father will be back in a week.我父亲一周后回来。
I'm out.我在外面。
4.副词作宾语补足语。
如：Let him in，please.请让他进来。
5.形容词变副词的方法
方法
例词
大多数形容词在词尾加-ly。
careful—carefully, quick—quickly, bright —brightly
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加-ly。
easy— easily, happy—happily,
lucky— luckily
以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词，去e再加-ly。
true—truly
以-le结尾的形容词，去e再加一y。
terrible—terribly, simple—simply, possible — possibly
以一ll结尾的形容词变为副词时，直接加一y
full—fully
注：有些副词有两种不同的形式，一种和形容词同形，另一种由形容词加后缀-ly构成，二者有区别，如：high- highly, slow- slowly等。
考点二 形容词副词的比较等级
1.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则
基 本 变 化 规 则
例 词
(1) 一般情况下比较级在词尾直接加er，最高级加est。
small—smaller—smallest　　strong—stronger—strongest
(2) 以e结尾的词，在词尾加r构成比较级，加st构成最高级。
nice—nicer—nicest　
late—later—latest
(3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y改i， 再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
heavy—heavier—heaviest　　easy—easier—easiest
(4) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母， 再加er或est构成比较级和最高级。
big—bigger—biggest　　
hot—hotter—hottest
(5) 其他双音节或多音节词在词前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。
important—more important—most important strongly—more strongly—most strongly
不 规 则 变 化 的 词
many / much – more – most
good / well – better - best
bad / badly / ill – worse –worst
little—less—least　
far—farther—farthest (距离远)
far—further—furthest (深入的，)
old—older—oldest (岁数大，东西旧)/
old—elder—eldest (辈份大)
形容词等级口诀
比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er，词尾若有哑音就可以直接加r。
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母后有y，把y改成i。
最高级加-est，莫忘前面加the。形容词若是多音节，记得前面加more、most。
2.形容词副词原级的用法
（1）very， quite， rather， too， enough， so 等词修饰原级
如：The street is very busy.　
The book is quite interesting.
（2）表示 A 与B一样时，用A …＋as＋原级 ＋as ＋B (和……一样)
如：Tom is as tall as Kate.　
Tom runs as quickly as Kate
例：（2018·重庆B卷）My math teacher lives an active life. She looks as _____ as she was ten years ago.
young B. younger C. the youngest D. youngest
（3）表示 A 不如B 时， 用A…＋not ＋as / so ＋原级 ＋as＋B
如：This story isn't as / so interesting as that one.　
My brother doesn't write as / so well as me.
（4）表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as + B”结构（一倍：once, 二倍：twice; 三倍及以上：基数词+times）。
如：Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们学校的三倍大。
（5）half as+形容词原级+as表示“…是…的一半”。
如：Her room is half as big as yours. 她的房间是你房间的一半大。
3.形容词副词比较级的用法
（1）比较级 ＋ than ＋ 被比较的对象
如：He is taller than his father.　
例：(2018·广东省)—What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea?
—Wonderful. I’ve never seen a movie than it.
A. more excited B. more exciting C. most excited D. most exciting
（2）比较级＋ and ＋ 比较级 more and more ＋原级
如：hotter and hotter 越来越热 　
more and more useful 越来越有用
例：(2018·湖南岳阳)Everyone knows that China is getting .
A. strong and strong B. strongest and strongest C. stronger and stronger
（3）the ＋ 比较级， the ＋ 比较级（越……，越……）
如：The more you take exercise，the healthier you will be.
例： (2018·湖北黄冈)?—How?hard?you?are?working,?Helen!?—We?must!?President?Xi?said?that?_____?we?are,? _____?we?will?be.?A.?the?more?hard-working:?the?luckier?? B.?the?hard-working;?the?lucky?C.?more?hard-working;?luckier?? D.?the?most?hard-working;?the?luckiest
（4）less +原级+ than （不如）
如：The room is less beautiful than that one.
（5）the + 比较级 + of the two（两者中更…:）
如：Jim is the taller of the two.
（6）表示在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which / Who + be + 形容词比较级， A或B？”表示。
如：Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao? 谁比较高，李明还是王涛？
（7）表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。
如：Your room is three times bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大三倍。
（8）--a/an +比较级+名词/代词one，表示一个更---样的---。
如：The coat is a little small for me, so I want to change it for a bigger one.
（9）A…+比较级+?than+?any?other+单数名词表示“A比同一范围内的任何一个……都……”。 如：Xiao?Ming?is?taller?than?any?other?student?in?his?class.
小明比他班里任何一个学生都高。
注意：
（1）比较级前面还可以用以下词来修饰：much（得多）， a little/a bit ( 有点)， even（甚至）， far（远远地）， still（仍然）， three times （三倍）等。
如：Why not get up a little earlier？　
The book is twice cheaper than that one.
例1：（2018·四川自贡）26. WeChat Wallet is making our life ________ more convenient than before.
A. many B. much C. very
例2：(2018·湖南长沙)—Do the twins look the same?
—No, Jane is_____ taller than Claire.
A. little B. more C. a little
（2）用形容词副词的比较级结构表示最高级的含义。
比较级+ than + any other +名词单数/ in (of)---
比较级 +than +the other+名词复数。
比较级+than +any +名词单数
如： Jim is heavier than any other students in his class.
Shanghai is larger than any city in Africa.
4.最高级的用法 （三者或以上的比较或选择）
（1）the ＋ 最高级 ＋of / in ＋比较的范围
如：I am the earliest in my class every day.
Which do you like best, English, Chinese or math?
例：（2018?上海中考)The bridge between the two islands is _______ one in Shanghai.
A long B longer C longest D the longest
（2）one of the ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词复数(最……之一)
如：This is one of the most expensive paintings in the world.
例：（2018·山东青岛中考）Mount Lao is one of ______ mountains in Qingdao. Many tourists like climbing it every year.
A. famous B. the more famous C. most famous D. the most famous
（3）the ＋ 序数词 ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词单数(第几最……)
如：Shanghai is the first largest city in China.
（4）表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which / Who + be + the + 形容词最高级，A，B，or C?”结构。
如：Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？
注：
形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the：
如：He is my best friend.
同类事物才能够相比较：
如：The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing.
(3) 最高级与比较级的转换：
Shanghai is the largest city in China.
＝Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. (上海属于中国)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. (上海不属于日本)
(4)有时最高级表示 " 非常 " 之意，这时可加不定冠词 a/an 。
　　 如： This is a most touching story. 这是个非常动人的故事。
考点三 常考形容词短语
1. 与about搭配：
be careful about 对……小心
be sure about 对……有把握
be crazy about 对……热衷
be worried about 对……担忧
be sorry about 对……感到遗憾
2. 与at搭配：
be annoyed at 对……恼怒
be angry at 对……生气
be good at 对……方面擅长
be surprised at 对…..感到惊奇
be mad at 对……愤怒
3. 与for搭配：
be famous for 因……而著名
be ready for 为……做好准备
be good for…… 对……有好处
be bad for…… 对……有坏处
be thirsty for…… 渴望
例：（2018·山东青岛中考）As students, we should ______ ourselves. We can’t spend much time playing computer games.
A. be responsible for B. be proud of C. be popular with D. be thankful to
4. 与from搭配：
be absent from 缺席
be different from 与……不同
be separated from 和……分离开
5. 与in搭配：
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be poor in 缺乏，贫乏
be different in 在……方面不同
be successful in 在……成功
6. 与of搭配：
be afraid of 害怕
be fond of 喜欢
be proud of 为……感到自豪
be tired of 对……感到厌倦
be short of ……短缺
例： (2018·湖北襄阳) Great changes have taken place in Xiangyang. We are all _______the achievements.
A. known as B. proud of C. similar to D. good with
7. 与of搭配：
be close to 接近，靠近
be good to 对……好
be kind to…… 对……和蔼
be rude to 对……粗鲁
be polite to 对……有礼貌
8. 与with搭配：
be angry with 对……生气
be careful with 小心
be busy with 忙于
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
be patient with 对……有耐心
例：（2018·海南中考）Li Lei’s mother________ him because he went out to play in the rain.
A. was angry with B. was pleased with C. was proud of
考点四 常见形容词、副词词义辨析
1.ago与before
ago和before都可用作副词与时间段连用，表示“……之前”，但它们的用法有所不同。
（1）“时间段 + ago”，表示从说话时刻算起的若干时间以前，常用于一般过去时。“时间段 + before”，表示从过去某时起若干时间以前，与过去完成时连用。
如：He met her three days ago.
He said he had met her three days before.
（2）ago不能单独使用，而before可单独使用，且与一般过去时或现在完成时连用，表示“不明确的以前”。
如：I have never seen him before.
I told you before.
（3）before可作介词，后接时间点；也可作连词，引导时间状语从句。而ago不能用作介词和连词。
如：He will be back before five o’clock.
I’ll ring you up before I leave home.
2. alone与lonely
lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的,偏远的,人迹罕至的,在句中充当定语或表语。
alone adj.单独的， 只作表语，不能作定语；adv.单独；独自。
如：I was alone,but I did not feel lonely.我虽然孤单，但我不感到寂寞。
They went to a lonely place in the mountains.他们到了山中一个偏僻的地方。
She went home alone.她独自回家去了。
3.always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever与never
（1）主要频度副词如下：
always
always表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
usually
usually意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。
often
often意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。
sometimes
sometimes意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。
hardly ever
hardly ever意为“几乎不”、“很少”。
never
never意为“从来不”、“永不”。
（2）对频度提问用How often…?
4. a little，a bit
（1）两个短语都可做定语修饰名词，意思都是“有一点儿”；a little可直接置于名词前，a bit则需要加上of。
（2）当它们用作副词词组时，在肯定句子中意思都是“稍微、有点儿”，可以互相换用。
（3）在否定句中作副词词组的a bit和a little就不能相互换用。a bit 强化句中的否定。not a bit相当于not at all，意思为“毫不”；a little则和句子的否定构成双重否定，not a little相当于very,much,a lot，为“很多、非常”之意。
如：There is a little(或a bit of)water left in the bottle.（一点儿）
I feel a bit/a little sick today.（有一点儿）
The car didn’t move a bit.=The car didn’t move at all.（一点儿也不，毫不）
I am not a little tired.= I am very tired.（非常）
5.already,ever,just,yet与never
already“已经”，主要用于肯定句中，但是already偶尔也可用于疑问句，此时具有“惊奇”的意味。
ever“曾经”，用于疑问句中。
just“刚刚”，多用于肯定句中。
yet“仍然， 还， 而”，通常与一般现在时或现在完成时连用，常用在疑问句和否定句中。yet往往放在句尾。
never“从不”，表示否定意义。
already,ever,just和never在句中的位置一般都是在助动词之后，实义动词之前。
如：I have already seen the film.
Have you found your ruler yet？
They have never been to Beijing.
6.else与other
other和else都可作形容词，表示“别的，其他的”，但用法完全不同。other修饰名词，位于名词之前；else修饰不定代词（something，everything，anything，nothing，somebody，everybody，anybody，nobody等），疑问代词（who，which，what等）和疑问副词（when，where等），必须位于这些词之后，与other的位置恰好相反。
如： —Do you have anything else(= any other thing)to say?
—Nothing else.
What else do I need to do?我还要做什么？
7.every与each
each
every
词性
代词或形容词
形容词
含义
更强调个人或个别
强调三个或三个以上中全体或全部
修饰内容
作adj. 修饰单数名词；
作pron.单独使用
修饰单数名词
谓语动词形式
作主语时单数形式；
作同位语时为复数形式；
each of…作主语时既可单数，也可复数
单数形式
对应物主代词
his或their
his或their
如：Every man and woman knows that.
Each man carries his own bag.（修饰单数名词）
We each have our own office.(作we的同位语)
Each of them are/is here.
Each carries their/his own bag.
（1）every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词
如：every three days = every third day每三天或每隔两天
（2）each other彼此、相互，相当于one another。
如：We respect each other /one another.
You should help one another.
（3）一般认为 each other 指两者，one another指三者或三者以上，但在实际运用中，这两 个短语常可互换。
8. few,a few,little与a little
little和a little修饰不可数名词；few和a few修饰可数名词。little和few单独使用时，表示否定，“几乎没有”。a little和a few，表示肯定， “有一些”。
如：He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。
There is little time left.时间不多了。
例：(2018·江苏苏州) He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink cola to keep fit.
A. much B. more C. fewer D. less
9. good与well
(1)两个词都作“好”解，但用法大不相同。
good形容词，在句中作定语或表语。good的副词形式是well，用来修饰动词，作状语。如：He speaks good English.=He speaks English well.
well既可用作副词，也可用作形容词。用作形容词时，只表示“健康的；恰当的；令人满意的”等，通常只用作表语而不用作定语。
如：She is very well.她身体健康。
(2)固定搭配、词语释义，在单选、完形及英汉互译中考查。
be good for 表示“对……有好处”；反义词be bad for表示“对……有害”。例如：
如：Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.
be good to表示“对……友好”，而be bad to表示“对……不好”。例如：
如：The boss is bad to his workers.
be good at=do well in 表示“擅长，在……方面做得好”，其反义词be bad at表示“在……方面做得不好”。
如：Li Lei is good at drawing,but I’m bad at it.
be good with表示“和……相处得好”，相当于get along/on well with。
如：He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子处得很好。
feel good意为“感觉良好，感觉自信”；feel well 意为“感到舒服”。
10. hardly,hard
（1）hard adj.& adv.作形容词时，有“难的”，“硬的”意思，与difficult意思相近；作副词时，有“努力地”、“猛烈地”等意思。
如：This problem is a little hard/difficult for me.这个问题对我来说太难了。
The child is beaten hard by the father.孩子被父亲狠揍了一顿。
（2）hardly 只能用作副词，意为“几乎不”,是一个否定词。
如: hardly ever，意为“几乎从不”。
（3）句子中有 hardly 时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分应该用肯定形式。
如: He can hardly understand it,can he? 他几乎听不懂,不是吗?
注: hardly不是hard的副词形式，两者在词义上没有任何关系。
如：莉莉学习努力。
（误）Lily studies hardly.
（正）Lily studies hard.
例： (2018·广东省)—My grandpa practices playing the guitar in the university for the elderly every day.
—Cool! It's never too old to learn.
A. hard B. hardly C. great D. greatly
11.how often,how soon,how long与how far
how long表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days,four weeks 等)提问。还可以表示长度。
如： --How long did he stay here?
--About two weeks.
--How long is the river?
--About 500 km.
how often 指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如once a week,three times a month 等)提问。
如：--How often does he come here?
--Once a month.
how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如in an hour,in two weeks 等)提问。
如： --How soon shall we know the results?
--In one day.
how far“多远”，表示距离。
如：--How far is it from here to the zoo?
--It’s 6 kilometers.
12. instead 与instead of
（1） instead意为“代替”、“然而”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。
如: We’ve no coffee.Would you like tea instead?
（2）instead of是介宾短语，意为“代替……”，“而不……”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
如:She went to school instead of staying at home.
（3）instead 与instead of的转换。
如:He didn’t answer me,instead,he asked me another question
= He asked me another question instead of answering me.
13. ill与sick
（1）当表达“生病的，患病”之意时，ill 只能作表语，而sick 既可作表语，又可以作定语。
如：（正）a sick child， （误）an ill child。
（2）sick还有“呕吐的，恶心的；厌烦的”的意思，只能作表语，而ill无此意。be sick of表示“讨厌……”，与 be tired of同意。
如：Standing on the top of the building,he felt a little sick.（恶心的）
Most people here are sick of violence.（讨厌）
（3）illness 和 sickness 分别是ill和 sick 的名词形式。
如：He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill/ sick(作表语)
=He didn’t go to school yesterday because of his illness/ sickness.
【拓展】像ill这样通常只用作表语形容词的词有：afraid，alive，alone，asleep，awake等。 14. interesting与interested
（1）interest是两词的名词形式，作 “兴趣、关注”讲为不可数名词，作“爱好”讲为可数名词；也可以做及物动词，主语通常为物。
如:His parents tried to discourage his interest in music.
He developed a wide range of sporting interests.
It may interest you to know that Miss Woods.
interesting 形容词，意为“有趣的”，主语通常是物。可以作表语，也可以作定语。
如: The book is very interesting.= This is a very interesting book.
（3）interested 形容词，意为“感兴趣的”，主语通常是人。
如:He is interested in the film。
【拓展】be / get / feel / become interested in(doing) sth.
= take an interest in (doing)sth.对(做)某事感兴趣。
show interest in (doing)sth.表现出对（做）某事的兴趣
【拓展】与interest上述用法相似的词有：
excite→exciting→excited;relax→relaxing→relaxed;bore→boring→bored；surprise→surprising→surprised；move→moving→moved
15. living，alive，live，lively
（1）living表示“活着的”，尤指“现存的”，在句中作表语或定语；作定语时，可前置也可后置。
（2）alive多用作表语，可用于人或动物，表示“活着的”意思。作定语只能放在被修饰词的后面。
（3）live意为“活的”，可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不用来修饰人。
（4）lively在句中可作表语或定语，表示“有生气的，活泼的，生动的，真实的”。
Shelly was still living when Keats died.（活着）。
Is she still alive?（活着）
She is as lively as a kitten.（快活的）
The cat was playing with a live mouse.（活着）
【拓展】（1）live还有“现场直播的”的意思。如：live concert现场直播音乐会。
（2）常见搭配：sing live 现场歌唱；make a living 谋生。
16. many 与 much
两者都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词（复数），与 few（少数）相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词（单数），与little（少量）相对。much除了表示数量，还可以用作副词，“很大程度上，非常”。
如:Did you see many people there?
Do you have much money left?
Being a new comer,he has few friends here.
I’m so thirsty,but there is little water in the bottle.
17.more than
（1）“more than+名词”表示“不只是，不仅仅是”。当修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Lin Shuhao is more than a basketball player,he is a university student,too.
More than one person has been concerned in this.
（2）“more than+数词”表示“以上”或“不止”之意，相当于over。
如：I have known David for more than 20 years.
（3）“more than+形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，相当于very。
如：In doing scientific experiments,one must be more than careful with the instruments.
【拓展】more than的反义词 less than。
18. older与elder
两者的区别在于:older指“年纪较大的，较老的，较旧的”，修饰人或物都行。既可作定语，也可作表语，可用于than引导的比较状语从句。
elder指“年长的”，常修饰人，用来表示出生顺序的前后和年龄的长幼，常作定语，不作表语，不可用于than引导的比较状语从句。
如：The older man in the photo is my grandfather.
Your bag is older than mine.
The elder sister gave her little sister an apple.
19. sleepy,asleep与sleeping
asleep意为“睡着的”，表示状态，只作表语，不能作定语。其反义词为awake；fall asleep 表示“入睡”。
如:She is so tired that she fell asleep in class.
sleeping意为“睡着的”，能作表语，也能作定语。
如:a sleeping boy
sleepy意为“想睡觉的，犯困的，困倦的”，也有“寂静”之意。
如:I felt sleepy all day.
20.so 与such
(1)so副词，意思是“如此，这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such形容词，意思是“如此，这样”，修饰名词，既可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。
(2)其基本结构分别为：
so+adj.+a/an+单数名词
such a/an+adj.+单数可数名词
such+adj.+ 不可数名词/可数名词复数
如果名词前有few，many，little，much等形容词，就必须用so，而不能用such。
如：It’s such a fine day.
= It’s so fine a day.
The camel had such a long neck.
Don’t make so much noise!
例： (2018·湖南湘潭) She was excited at the news that she couldn’t say a word.
A. so B. very C. such
21. sometimes,sometime,some time,some times
sometimes
频度副词，意为“有时候”， 相当于at times/from time to time。多用于一般现在时，对它进行提问常用how often（多久一次）。
Sometimes I watch TV with my parents.
—How often do you write to your father?
—Sometimes.
sometime
副词，意为 “在某一时候（过去或将来）”，表示的是任何时候或某一不确定的时间，对它提问用when（何时）。
—When can you finish the work？
—Sometime next month.
some times
名词短语，意为 “几次（倍）”，time是可数名词。对它提问用how many times（多少次）。
—How many times do you watch TV every week?
—Some times.
some time
名词短语，意为 “一段时间”，time是不可数名词，对它提问用how long（多长时间）。
She will stay in Beijing for some time.
—How long will you be away?
—Some time.
【巧学妙记】
分开几次（some times），有时（sometimes）相聚；分开一段时间（some time），他日（sometime）相聚。
22.too much,much too与too many
这三组词语中，中心词均为后面的单词，前面的单词起强调或加重语气的作用。因此，词组的含义和修饰内容以中心词为主。
much too 意为“太……”，修饰形容词或副词。
如： much too late太晚，太迟。
too much 意为“太多……”，修饰不可数名词。
如：too much water太多的水。
too many 意为“太多……”，修饰可数名词复数。
如： too many books 太多的书。
例：（2018. 贵州安顺）My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food．
A. too much；too many B. too many；too much
C. much too；too much D. too much；much too
23. whole与all
whole强调一个完整如一，互不分割的整体。在句中放在所有格、冠词和指示代词之后，用来修饰可数名词（名词用单数）。
all强调由一个个部分组成的“全部”。 在句中放在所有格、定冠词和指示代词之前。all既能修饰可数名词（名词须用复数），又能修饰不可数名词。
如：I just want to know the whole story.（完整的故事）
Miss Green knew all the students in the class.（所有的）
Jim finished all his homework in twenty minutes.（所有的）
中考英语复习形容词副词学案
考情分析
形容词和副词的比较等级和词义辨析是中考热衷的考点，主要题型包括：单项选择，用所给单词的适当形式填空、句型转换、完成句子等。预计2019年中考还是以此为主，尤其是比较等级的考查没有标志性的词，而是要结合语境判断，增加了试题的难度。
学习目标
掌握形容词副词的原级、比较级及最高级用法
掌握形容词副词在句子中所做的成分及位置
掌握形容词副词词义辨析
考点一 形容词和副词的基本用法
一、形容词
1. 形容词的用法及位置
（1）作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。
如：She is a beautiful girl. 她是个漂亮的女孩。
What else can you see? 你还能看见其他什么东西？
（2）作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，become，get（变成），turn(变成)，keep，feel，look（看起来），seem，smell，sound，taste。
如：Mike is very happy today. 迈克今天很高兴。
In spring, trees turn green 在春天，树变绿了。
例1： (2018·江苏宿迁) — It’s reported that self-driving cars are expected to change the way we move around.
— That sounds __________.
A. bad B. badly C. great D. greatly
C 考查形容词副词辨析。句意：——据报道，自驾汽车有望改变我们的出行方式。 ——那听起来太棒了。“sound”为感官动词，后面应加形容词，故排除B和D，副词形式；而“self-driving cars are expected to change the way we move around”是一件好事，因感到“好，棒”。故选C。
例2：(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) If you go dancing often, you can keep health.
health—healthy keep healthy意为“保持健康”，keep为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，而health为名词。
（3）作宾语补，形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语足语的性质、状态等。
如：I find the book interesting. 我发现这本书有趣。
What makes her so sad? 什么让她如此伤心？
（4）用于固定句型中：
It’s + 形容词 for sb to do sth.
It’s +形容词 for sb to do sth.
find/ think/ believe/ consider it +adj to do sth
It’s + adj of sb to do sth.
如：She found it boring watch Talk Show on TV.
It is king of you help others.
It’s difficult for me to repair the machine.
2.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。
如：He is 10 years old.
3.只能作表语的形容词：
afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。
4.貌似副词的形容词：
lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。
5.形容词修饰复合不定代词 (something， anything， nothing， everything， somebody ,anybody， nobody， everybody， everyone)时，要放在不定代词的后面。
如：The teacher has something important to tell us.
6. enough (足够) 放在名词前面，形容词、副词后面。
如：I don't have enough money to buy the bike.
例：(2018·湖南郴州)—May I be allowed to choose a summer course?
—It's up to you. You're ________ to make your own decision.
A. too old B. enough old C. old enough
C 考查形容词的用法。句意：我可以被允许选择夏天的课程吗？依据你自己，你足够大了，可能自己做决定。too old指太大了不能自己做决定，不符合逻辑性，enough old表达形式不对，enough修饰形容词，需放在形容词之后。故选C。
7. 形容词的名词化
某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人，常见词有good/ bad/, rich/ poor, young/ old, black/ white等。
如：The young should be polite to the old. 年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。
8. 形容词的顺序
当名词由两个以上的形容词（包括一些具有形容词功能的限定词）修饰时，这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能依照汉语的意思去排列。通常可按下面的次序排列：
(1). 限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。
(2). 表示观点的描绘性形容词，如beautiful, fine, interesting等。
(3). 表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词，如tall, high, small, little, round等。
(4). 表示年龄、新旧的形容词，如：young, old, new等。
(5). 表示颜色的形容词，如black, white, blue等。
(6). 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词，如Japanese, American, English, rural等。
(7). 表示形成中心名词的材料的形容词，如：plastic, silky, wooden等。
如：two round blue plastic plates 两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘
9. 常见名词变形容词的方法
名词
构成方法
意义
举例
表示天气现象的名词
-y
充满…的， 多…的
cloud-cloudy
表示方位的名词
-ern
…方位的，朝…方的
west-western
表示称谓的名词
-ly
…般的
friend-friendly
表示时间的名词
-ly
每…的
week-weekly
表示物质的名词
-en
由…制成的
wood-wooden
表示抽象意义的名词
-ful/ -y/ -less
…的/ …的/ 无…的
care-careful; luck-lucky; hope-hopeless
表示大洲与国家的名词
-n
…的/ …人的
Asia-Asian
例1：（2018?上海中考）As we all know, a___ driver is always a danger to the public.(care)
careless【解析】句意：我们都知道，粗心的司机对公众来说总是危险的。分析句子结构可知此处要用形容词修饰名词driver，再结合句意可知要用careless。
例2：(2018·山东临沂) 67. It is very ______ (help) for me to have conversations with friends in English every day. My speaking skills have certainly improved.
helpful 句意：对我来说，每天用英语与朋友进行对话是非常有帮助的。 当然我的口语能力已经有所提高。
二、副词
1. 副词的分类
(1) 时间副词
时间副词有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, lately, early, already, yet, ever等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。
(2) 地点副词
地点副词有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不加介词。
(3) 方式副词
方式副词有quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等。方式副词大多由“形容词+ly”构成。
(4) 程度副词
程度副词有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的原级，有些能修饰形容词、副词的比较级。
(5) 疑问副词
疑问副词有when, where, why, how等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。
例：(2018?湖北宜昌)—Were you told ________ to arrive at the train station?
—Yes. The group leader said we would meet there at half past ten.
A. how B. why C. when D. where
C 考查疑问副词辨析。句意：——你知道何时到达火车站？——是的。领队说我们十点半在那儿见面。由答语“十点半在火车站见面”可知，是问“时间”，故选C。
(6) 关系副词
关系副词有when, where, why。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。
(7) 频度副词
频度副词有often, usually, never等。
2. 副词作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子。
如：I read very slowly.我读得很慢。
I really miss the old days.我真的很怀念过去的时光。
例1：(2018 湖北恩施)31. People in different countries behave when they eat dinner.
A. difference B. different C. differently
C 考查词性用法辨析。原文动词behave，需要副词修饰，表示出“表现得不一样”的意思。A、B词性不适合。
例2：(2018·新疆)33. There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday. _______, nobody was hurt.
A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily
B 考查副词的用法及词义辨析。由前句There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday.及后句中的nobody was hurt可知，在交通事故中无人受伤，真是很幸运。此处应用副词作状语。故选副词Luckily(幸运地)。
例3：(2018·江苏无锡)It’s __________ (high) possible that humans have to move to Mars in the future.
highly 解析：此空用来修饰形容词“possible”，应用副词highly表示“很有很能（可能性很高）。”
3.副词作表语，表示方位上的变化。
如：My father will be back in a week.我父亲一周后回来。
I'm out.我在外面。
4.副词作宾语补足语。
如：Let him in，please.请让他进来。
5.形容词变副词的方法
方法
例词
大多数形容词在词尾加-ly。
careful—carefully, quick—quickly, bright —brightly
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加-ly。
easy— easily, happy—happily,
lucky— luckily
以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词，去e再加-ly。
true—truly
以-le结尾的形容词，去e再加一y。
terrible—terribly, simple—simply, possible — possibly
以一ll结尾的形容词变为副词时，直接加一y
full—fully
注：有些副词有两种不同的形式，一种和形容词同形，另一种由形容词加后缀-ly构成，二者有区别，如：high- highly, slow- slowly等。
考点二 形容词副词的比较等级
1.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则
基 本 变 化 规 则
例 词
(1) 一般情况下比较级在词尾直接加er，最高级加est。
small—smaller—smallest　　strong—stronger—strongest
(2) 以e结尾的词，在词尾加r构成比较级，加st构成最高级。
nice—nicer—nicest　
late—later—latest
(3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y改i， 再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
heavy—heavier—heaviest　　easy—easier—easiest
(4) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母， 再加er或est构成比较级和最高级。
big—bigger—biggest　　
hot—hotter—hottest
(5) 其他双音节或多音节词在词前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级。
important—more important—most important strongly—more strongly—most strongly
不 规 则 变 化 的 词
many / much – more – most
good / well – better - best
bad / badly / ill – worse –worst
little—less—least　
far—farther—farthest (距离远)
far—further—furthest (深入的，)
old—older—oldest (岁数大，东西旧)/
old—elder—eldest (辈份大)
形容词等级口诀
比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er，词尾若有哑音就可以直接加r。
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母后有y，把y改成i。
最高级加-est，莫忘前面加the。形容词若是多音节，记得前面加more、most。
2.形容词副词原级的用法
（1）very， quite， rather， too， enough， so 等词修饰原级
如：The street is very busy.　
The book is quite interesting.
（2）表示 A 与B一样时，用A …＋as＋原级 ＋as ＋B (和……一样)
如：Tom is as tall as Kate.　
Tom runs as quickly as Kate
例：（2018·重庆B卷）My math teacher lives an active life. She looks as _____ as she was ten years ago.
young B. younger C. the youngest D. youngest
A 考查同级比较。句意：我的数学老师过着积极的生活，她看起来十年前一样年轻。”as+原级+as”为固定搭配，意指”和……一样”。故选A.
（3）表示 A 不如B 时， 用A…＋not ＋as / so ＋原级 ＋as＋B
如：This story isn't as / so interesting as that one.　
My brother doesn't write as / so well as me.
（4）表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as + B”结构（一倍：once, 二倍：twice; 三倍及以上：基数词+times）。
如：Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们学校的三倍大。
（5）half as+形容词原级+as表示“…是…的一半”。
如：Her room is half as big as yours. 她的房间是你房间的一半大。
3.形容词副词比较级的用法
（1）比较级 ＋ than ＋ 被比较的对象
如：He is taller than his father.　
例：(2018·广东省)—What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea?
—Wonderful. I’ve never seen a movie than it.
A. more excited B. more exciting C. most excited D. most exciting
B考查形容词。句意：——你认为电影《红海行动》怎么样？——非常棒！我还从来没有看过如此激动人心的电影。题干中的than为比较级的标志词，排除C、D选项；“激动人心的电影”，修饰物，故用exciting。故选B。
（2）比较级＋ and ＋ 比较级 more and more ＋原级
如：hotter and hotter 越来越热 　
more and more useful 越来越有用
例：(2018·湖南岳阳)Everyone knows that China is getting .
A. strong and strong B. strongest and strongest C. stronger and stronger
C 考查形容词比较等级。句意为：人们都知道中国变得越来越强大。比较级 +比较级，意为“越来越……”，为固定句型，故可知选C。
（3）the ＋ 比较级， the ＋ 比较级（越……，越……）
如：The more you take exercise，the healthier you will be.
例： (2018·湖北黄冈)?—How?hard?you?are?working,?Helen!?—We?must!?President?Xi?said?that?_____?we?are,? _____?we?will?be.?A.?the?more?hard-working:?the?luckier?? B.?the?hard-working;?the?lucky?C.?more?hard-working;?luckier?? D.?the?most?hard-working;?the?luckiest
A考查形容词比较级的特殊形式 the +比较级；the +比较级。句意：—海伦，你现在学习好努力!—必须的，习主席说我们越努力，我们将会越幸运。由此推知B、C、D都不符合。故选A。
（4）less +原级+ than （不如）
如：The room is less beautiful than that one.
（5）the + 比较级 + of the two（两者中更…:）
如：Jim is the taller of the two.
（6）表示在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which / Who + be + 形容词比较级， A或B？”表示。
如：Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao? 谁比较高，李明还是王涛？
（7）表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。
如：Your room is three times bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大三倍。
（8）--a/an +比较级+名词/代词one，表示一个更---样的---。
如：The coat is a little small for me, so I want to change it for a bigger one.
（9）A…+比较级+?than+?any?other+单数名词表示“A比同一范围内的任何一个……都……”。 如：Xiao?Ming?is?taller?than?any?other?student?in?his?class.
小明比他班里任何一个学生都高。
注意：
（1）比较级前面还可以用以下词来修饰：much（得多）， a little/a bit ( 有点)， even（甚至）， far（远远地）， still（仍然）， three times （三倍）等。
如：Why not get up a little earlier？　
The book is twice cheaper than that one.
例1：（2018·四川自贡）26. WeChat Wallet is making our life ________ more convenient than before.
A. many B. much C. very
B【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：微信钱包正让我们的生活比以前更加方便了。many许多；much修饰形容词的比较级，意为：……的多；very，非常。分析句子结构可知，此处指的是比以前生活更加方便了，需用比较级。故选B。
例2：(2018·湖南长沙)—Do the twins look the same?
—No, Jane is_____ taller than Claire.
A. little B. more C. a little
C 考查形容词比较级的修饰词。句意：双胞胎看起来一样吗？不，简比克莱尔更高一点。修饰比较级的词有：much, a lot, far, a little, a bit, still, even, 故选C。
（2）用形容词副词的比较级结构表示最高级的含义。
比较级+ than + any other +名词单数/ in (of)---
比较级 +than +the other+名词复数。
比较级+than +any +名词单数
如： Jim is heavier than any other students in his class.
Shanghai is larger than any city in Africa.
4.最高级的用法 （三者或以上的比较或选择）
（1）the ＋ 最高级 ＋of / in ＋比较的范围
如：I am the earliest in my class every day.
Which do you like best, English, Chinese or math?
例：（2018?上海中考)The bridge between the two islands is _______ one in Shanghai.
A long B longer C longest D the longest
D【解析】考查形容词的用法。句意：这两座岛屿之间的桥梁是上海最长的一座。根据句意可知此处用形容词最高级，且最高级前面有冠词the修饰。
（2）one of the ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词复数(最……之一)
如：This is one of the most expensive paintings in the world.
例：（2018·山东青岛中考）Mount Lao is one of ______ mountains in Qingdao. Many tourists like climbing it every year.
A. famous B. the more famous C. most famous D. the most famous
D【解析】考查形容词的最高级。句意:崂山是青岛最著名的山脉之一。每年都有许多游客喜欢爬崂山。one of的固定用法是：one of+ the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。故选D。
（3）the ＋ 序数词 ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词单数(第几最……)
如：Shanghai is the first largest city in China.
（4）表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which / Who + be + the + 形容词最高级，A，B，or C?”结构。
如：Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？
注：
形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the：
如：He is my best friend.
同类事物才能够相比较：
如：The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing.
(3) 最高级与比较级的转换：
Shanghai is the largest city in China.
＝Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. (上海属于中国)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. (上海不属于日本)
(4)有时最高级表示 " 非常 " 之意，这时可加不定冠词 a/an 。
　　 如： This is a most touching story. 这是个非常动人的故事。
考点三 常考形容词短语
1. 与about搭配：
be careful about 对……小心
be sure about 对……有把握
be crazy about 对……热衷
be worried about 对……担忧
be sorry about 对……感到遗憾
2. 与at搭配：
be annoyed at 对……恼怒
be angry at 对……生气
be good at 对……方面擅长
be surprised at 对…..感到惊奇
be mad at 对……愤怒
3. 与for搭配：
be famous for 因……而著名
be ready for 为……做好准备
be good for…… 对……有好处
be bad for…… 对……有坏处
be thirsty for…… 渴望
例：（2018·山东青岛中考）As students, we should ______ ourselves. We can’t spend much time playing computer games.
A. be responsible for B. be proud of C. be popular with D. be thankful to
A【解析】考查形容词的固定搭配。句意:作为学生，我们应该为自己负责。我们不能花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。 be responsible for“对……负责”； be proud of“以……而自豪”；be popular with“受……欢迎”； be thankful to“感谢……”。与后文We can’t spend much time playing computer games.句意搭配的只有 be responsible for。故选A。
4. 与from搭配：
be absent from 缺席
be different from 与……不同
be separated from 和……分离开
5. 与in搭配：
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be weak in 在……方面薄弱
be poor in 缺乏，贫乏
be different in 在……方面不同
be successful in 在……成功
6. 与of搭配：
be afraid of 害怕
be fond of 喜欢
be proud of 为……感到自豪
be tired of 对……感到厌倦
be short of ……短缺
例： (2018·湖北襄阳) Great changes have taken place in Xiangyang. We are all _______the achievements.
A. known as B. proud of C. similar to D. good with
B 考查形容词短语词义辨析。 句意：在襄阳，发生了巨大的变化。我们都以这样的成就而自豪。be known as 以……而闻名；be proud of以……而自豪; be similar to 与……相似；be good with “对……友好” 此处发生了如此大的变化，人们应该“自豪”。故选B。
7. 与of搭配：
be close to 接近，靠近
be good to 对……好
be kind to…… 对……和蔼
be rude to 对……粗鲁
be polite to 对……有礼貌
8. 与with搭配：
be angry with 对……生气
be careful with 小心
be busy with 忙于
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
be patient with 对……有耐心
例：（2018·海南中考）Li Lei’s mother________ him because he went out to play in the rain.
A. was angry with B. was pleased with C. was proud of
A【解析】考查短语辨析。由because引导的原因状语从句“因为他雨天出去玩了”，可判断妈妈生气。be angry with“生某人的气”；be pleased with“为某人感到高兴”；be proud of“为某人感到骄傲”。故选A。
考点四 常见形容词、副词词义辨析
1.ago与before
ago和before都可用作副词与时间段连用，表示“……之前”，但它们的用法有所不同。
（1）“时间段 + ago”，表示从说话时刻算起的若干时间以前，常用于一般过去时。“时间段 + before”，表示从过去某时起若干时间以前，与过去完成时连用。
如：He met her three days ago.
He said he had met her three days before.
（2）ago不能单独使用，而before可单独使用，且与一般过去时或现在完成时连用，表示“不明确的以前”。
如：I have never seen him before.
I told you before.
（3）before可作介词，后接时间点；也可作连词，引导时间状语从句。而ago不能用作介词和连词。
如：He will be back before five o’clock.
I’ll ring you up before I leave home.
2. alone与lonely
lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的,偏远的,人迹罕至的,在句中充当定语或表语。
alone adj.单独的， 只作表语，不能作定语；adv.单独；独自。
如：I was alone,but I did not feel lonely.我虽然孤单，但我不感到寂寞。
They went to a lonely place in the mountains.他们到了山中一个偏僻的地方。
She went home alone.她独自回家去了。
3.always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever与never
（1）主要频度副词如下：
always
always表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
usually
usually意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。
often
often意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。
sometimes
sometimes意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。
hardly ever
hardly ever意为“几乎不”、“很少”。
never
never意为“从来不”、“永不”。
（2）对频度提问用How often…?
4. a little，a bit
（1）两个短语都可做定语修饰名词，意思都是“有一点儿”；a little可直接置于名词前，a bit则需要加上of。
（2）当它们用作副词词组时，在肯定句子中意思都是“稍微、有点儿”，可以互相换用。
（3）在否定句中作副词词组的a bit和a little就不能相互换用。a bit 强化句中的否定。not a bit相当于not at all，意思为“毫不”；a little则和句子的否定构成双重否定，not a little相当于very,much,a lot，为“很多、非常”之意。
如：There is a little(或a bit of)water left in the bottle.（一点儿）
I feel a bit/a little sick today.（有一点儿）
The car didn’t move a bit.=The car didn’t move at all.（一点儿也不，毫不）
I am not a little tired.= I am very tired.（非常）
5.already,ever,just,yet与never
already“已经”，主要用于肯定句中，但是already偶尔也可用于疑问句，此时具有“惊奇”的意味。
ever“曾经”，用于疑问句中。
just“刚刚”，多用于肯定句中。
yet“仍然， 还， 而”，通常与一般现在时或现在完成时连用，常用在疑问句和否定句中。yet往往放在句尾。
never“从不”，表示否定意义。
already,ever,just和never在句中的位置一般都是在助动词之后，实义动词之前。
如：I have already seen the film.
Have you found your ruler yet？
They have never been to Beijing.
6.else与other
other和else都可作形容词，表示“别的，其他的”，但用法完全不同。other修饰名词，位于名词之前；else修饰不定代词（something，everything，anything，nothing，somebody，everybody，anybody，nobody等），疑问代词（who，which，what等）和疑问副词（when，where等），必须位于这些词之后，与other的位置恰好相反。
如： —Do you have anything else(= any other thing)to say?
—Nothing else.
What else do I need to do?我还要做什么？
7.every与each
each
every
词性
代词或形容词
形容词
含义
更强调个人或个别
强调三个或三个以上中全体或全部
修饰内容
作adj. 修饰单数名词；
作pron.单独使用
修饰单数名词
谓语动词形式
作主语时单数形式；
作同位语时为复数形式；
each of…作主语时既可单数，也可复数
单数形式
对应物主代词
his或their
his或their
如：Every man and woman knows that.
Each man carries his own bag.（修饰单数名词）
We each have our own office.(作we的同位语)
Each of them are/is here.
Each carries their/his own bag.
（1）every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词
如：every three days = every third day每三天或每隔两天
（2）each other彼此、相互，相当于one another。
如：We respect each other /one another.
You should help one another.
（3）一般认为 each other 指两者，one another指三者或三者以上，但在实际运用中，这两 个短语常可互换。
8. few,a few,little与a little
little和a little修饰不可数名词；few和a few修饰可数名词。little和few单独使用时，表示否定，“几乎没有”。a little和a few，表示肯定， “有一些”。
如：He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。
There is little time left.时间不多了。
例：(2018·江苏苏州) He was advised to eat fewer hamburgers and drink cola to keep fit.
A. much B. more C. fewer D. less
D 考查形容词的比较级。句意：他被建议少吃汉堡少喝可乐以保持健康。fewer较少，修饰可数名词复数，less较少，修饰不可数名词。cola 是不可数名词，用“less”修饰。故选D。
9. good与well
(1)两个词都作“好”解，但用法大不相同。
good形容词，在句中作定语或表语。good的副词形式是well，用来修饰动词，作状语。如：He speaks good English.=He speaks English well.
well既可用作副词，也可用作形容词。用作形容词时，只表示“健康的；恰当的；令人满意的”等，通常只用作表语而不用作定语。
如：She is very well.她身体健康。
(2)固定搭配、词语释义，在单选、完形及英汉互译中考查。
be good for 表示“对……有好处”；反义词be bad for表示“对……有害”。例如：
如：Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.
be good to表示“对……友好”，而be bad to表示“对……不好”。例如：
如：The boss is bad to his workers.
be good at=do well in 表示“擅长，在……方面做得好”，其反义词be bad at表示“在……方面做得不好”。
如：Li Lei is good at drawing,but I’m bad at it.
be good with表示“和……相处得好”，相当于get along/on well with。
如：He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子处得很好。
feel good意为“感觉良好，感觉自信”；feel well 意为“感到舒服”。
10. hardly,hard
（1）hard adj.& adv.作形容词时，有“难的”，“硬的”意思，与difficult意思相近；作副词时，有“努力地”、“猛烈地”等意思。
如：This problem is a little hard/difficult for me.这个问题对我来说太难了。
The child is beaten hard by the father.孩子被父亲狠揍了一顿。
（2）hardly 只能用作副词，意为“几乎不”,是一个否定词。
如: hardly ever，意为“几乎从不”。
（3）句子中有 hardly 时,其反意疑问句的疑问部分应该用肯定形式。
如: He can hardly understand it,can he? 他几乎听不懂,不是吗?
注: hardly不是hard的副词形式，两者在词义上没有任何关系。
如：莉莉学习努力。
（误）Lily studies hardly.
（正）Lily studies hard.
例： (2018·广东省)—My grandpa practices playing the guitar in the university for the elderly every day.
—Cool! It's never too old to learn.
A. hard B. hardly C. great D. greatly
A考查形容词或副词辨析。句意：——我爷爷每天都努力地在这所大学练习弹奏吉他，以便能为老人们弹奏。——太酷了！真是活到老学到老啊。hard努力地，艰苦的；hardly几乎不；great伟大的；greatly非常。本题中，需要副词修饰动词playing，结合语境，A项正确。
11.how often,how soon,how long与how far
how long表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days,four weeks 等)提问。还可以表示长度。
如： --How long did he stay here?
--About two weeks.
--How long is the river?
--About 500 km.
how often 指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如once a week,three times a month 等)提问。
如：--How often does he come here?
--Once a month.
how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如in an hour,in two weeks 等)提问。
如： --How soon shall we know the results?
--In one day.
how far“多远”，表示距离。
如：--How far is it from here to the zoo?
--It’s 6 kilometers.
12. instead 与instead of
（1） instead意为“代替”、“然而”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。
如: We’ve no coffee.Would you like tea instead?
（2）instead of是介宾短语，意为“代替……”，“而不……”，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
如:She went to school instead of staying at home.
（3）instead 与instead of的转换。
如:He didn’t answer me,instead,he asked me another question
= He asked me another question instead of answering me.
13. ill与sick
（1）当表达“生病的，患病”之意时，ill 只能作表语，而sick 既可作表语，又可以作定语。
如：（正）a sick child， （误）an ill child。
（2）sick还有“呕吐的，恶心的；厌烦的”的意思，只能作表语，而ill无此意。be sick of表示“讨厌……”，与 be tired of同意。
如：Standing on the top of the building,he felt a little sick.（恶心的）
Most people here are sick of violence.（讨厌）
（3）illness 和 sickness 分别是ill和 sick 的名词形式。
如：He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill/ sick(作表语)
=He didn’t go to school yesterday because of his illness/ sickness.
【拓展】像ill这样通常只用作表语形容词的词有：afraid，alive，alone，asleep，awake等。 14. interesting与interested
（1）interest是两词的名词形式，作 “兴趣、关注”讲为不可数名词，作“爱好”讲为可数名词；也可以做及物动词，主语通常为物。
如:His parents tried to discourage his interest in music.
He developed a wide range of sporting interests.
It may interest you to know that Miss Woods.
interesting 形容词，意为“有趣的”，主语通常是物。可以作表语，也可以作定语。
如: The book is very interesting.= This is a very interesting book.
（3）interested 形容词，意为“感兴趣的”，主语通常是人。
如:He is interested in the film。
【拓展】be / get / feel / become interested in(doing) sth.
= take an interest in (doing)sth.对(做)某事感兴趣。
show interest in (doing)sth.表现出对（做）某事的兴趣
【拓展】与interest上述用法相似的词有：
excite→exciting→excited;relax→relaxing→relaxed;bore→boring→bored；surprise→surprising→surprised；move→moving→moved
15. living，alive，live，lively
（1）living表示“活着的”，尤指“现存的”，在句中作表语或定语；作定语时，可前置也可后置。
（2）alive多用作表语，可用于人或动物，表示“活着的”意思。作定语只能放在被修饰词的后面。
（3）live意为“活的”，可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不用来修饰人。
（4）lively在句中可作表语或定语，表示“有生气的，活泼的，生动的，真实的”。
Shelly was still living when Keats died.（活着）。
Is she still alive?（活着）
She is as lively as a kitten.（快活的）
The cat was playing with a live mouse.（活着）
【拓展】（1）live还有“现场直播的”的意思。如：live concert现场直播音乐会。
（2）常见搭配：sing live 现场歌唱；make a living 谋生。
16. many 与 much
两者都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词（复数），与 few（少数）相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词（单数），与little（少量）相对。much除了表示数量，还可以用作副词，“很大程度上，非常”。
如:Did you see many people there?
Do you have much money left?
Being a new comer,he has few friends here.
I’m so thirsty,but there is little water in the bottle.
17.more than
（1）“more than+名词”表示“不只是，不仅仅是”。当修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Lin Shuhao is more than a basketball player,he is a university student,too.
More than one person has been concerned in this.
（2）“more than+数词”表示“以上”或“不止”之意，相当于over。
如：I have known David for more than 20 years.
（3）“more than+形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，相当于very。
如：In doing scientific experiments,one must be more than careful with the instruments.
【拓展】more than的反义词 less than。
18. older与elder
两者的区别在于:older指“年纪较大的，较老的，较旧的”，修饰人或物都行。既可作定语，也可作表语，可用于than引导的比较状语从句。
elder指“年长的”，常修饰人，用来表示出生顺序的前后和年龄的长幼，常作定语，不作表语，不可用于than引导的比较状语从句。
如：The older man in the photo is my grandfather.
Your bag is older than mine.
The elder sister gave her little sister an apple.
19. sleepy,asleep与sleeping
asleep意为“睡着的”，表示状态，只作表语，不能作定语。其反义词为awake；fall asleep 表示“入睡”。
如:She is so tired that she fell asleep in class.
sleeping意为“睡着的”，能作表语，也能作定语。
如:a sleeping boy
sleepy意为“想睡觉的，犯困的，困倦的”，也有“寂静”之意。
如:I felt sleepy all day.
20.so 与such
(1)so副词，意思是“如此，这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such形容词，意思是“如此，这样”，修饰名词，既可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。
(2)其基本结构分别为：
so+adj.+a/an+单数名词
such a/an+adj.+单数可数名词
such+adj.+ 不可数名词/可数名词复数
如果名词前有few，many，little，much等形容词，就必须用so，而不能用such。
如：It’s such a fine day.
= It’s so fine a day.
The camel had such a long neck.
Don’t make so much noise!
例： (2018·湖南湘潭) She was excited at the news that she couldn’t say a word.
A. so B. very C. such
A 考查副词的辨析。句意：听到这个消息她是那么的激动，以至于一句话也说不出来。“so+形容词/ 副词+that…”固定短语，意为“如此……以至于……”；excited“激动的”为形容词，故用副词so。
21. sometimes,sometime,some time,some times
sometimes
频度副词，意为“有时候”， 相当于at times/from time to time。多用于一般现在时，对它进行提问常用how often（多久一次）。
Sometimes I watch TV with my parents.
—How often do you write to your father?
—Sometimes.
sometime
副词，意为 “在某一时候（过去或将来）”，表示的是任何时候或某一不确定的时间，对它提问用when（何时）。
—When can you finish the work？
—Sometime next month.
some times
名词短语，意为 “几次（倍）”，time是可数名词。对它提问用how many times（多少次）。
—How many times do you watch TV every week?
—Some times.
some time
名词短语，意为 “一段时间”，time是不可数名词，对它提问用how long（多长时间）。
She will stay in Beijing for some time.
—How long will you be away?
—Some time.
【巧学妙记】
分开几次（some times），有时（sometimes）相聚；分开一段时间（some time），他日（sometime）相聚。
22.too much,much too与too many
这三组词语中，中心词均为后面的单词，前面的单词起强调或加重语气的作用。因此，词组的含义和修饰内容以中心词为主。
much too 意为“太……”，修饰形容词或副词。
如： much too late太晚，太迟。
too much 意为“太多……”，修饰不可数名词。
如：too much water太多的水。
too many 意为“太多……”，修饰可数名词复数。
如： too many books 太多的书。
例：（2018. 贵州安顺）My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food．
A. too much；too many B. too many；too much
C. much too；too much D. too much；much too
C. 考查短语辨析。句意：我的堂弟太重了因为他快餐吃得太多了。much too修饰形容词或副词，但不修饰动词，too much修饰不可数名词。第一个空修饰heavy;第二个空修饰不可数名词food。故选C。
23. whole与all
whole强调一个完整如一，互不分割的整体。在句中放在所有格、冠词和指示代词之后，用来修饰可数名词（名词用单数）。
all强调由一个个部分组成的“全部”。 在句中放在所有格、定冠词和指示代词之前。all既能修饰可数名词（名词须用复数），又能修饰不可数名词。
如：I just want to know the whole story.（完整的故事）
Miss Green knew all the students in the class.（所有的）
Jim finished all his homework in twenty minutes.（所有的）
课件97张PPT。中考英语复习
——形容词副词考点一 形容词副词的基本用法一、形容词
1.形容词在句子中所作成份
⑴作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。
如：Would you like something hot to drink?
What else can you see?⑵作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be, become, get（变）, make（使）, turn（变）,keep, feel, look（看起来）, seem, smell, sound, taste。
如：
He looks happy today.
Silk feels soft.
Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.⑶作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。
如：
He always makes us happy. 他总是使我们高兴。
2.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。
如：
How long is the river?It’s about two thousand metres long.这条河有多长？大约2000米长。3.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened 害怕的。
如：
The man is ill.（正）
The ill man is my uncle.（误）4.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。
如：
It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我，真好。
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language.
学好一门外语不容易。
5.有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。
如：We should respect the old and love the young.
我们应该尊老爱幼。
It's not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf.
取笑盲人或聋人是不礼貌的。6.当多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，一般应遵循以下顺序：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词)＋描述＋大小、长短、高低等形状＋年龄、新旧＋颜色＋国籍、地区、出处＋材料。
a beautiful tall building一幢漂亮而高大的建筑物
an old stone bridge一座古老的石桥
a large green Chinese carpet一块绿色的中国式大地毯
概括为7个字：限、描、形、龄、色、国、材7.名词转换为形容词
N+ -y (尤其天气)
rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy…
sun—sunny, fun—funny
health—healthy, luck—lucky
抽象名词+ -ful
care—careful, use—useful
thank—thankful, help—helpful, beauty—beautiful
N+ -n
wood—wooden gold—golden
国家+ -ese/-ish/-n
China—Chinese Britain—British India—Indian
N+ -less成否定意形容词
care—careless, use—uselesshope—hopeless,home—homeless
某些以-ence结尾的改成ent
difference—different silence—silent二、副词
1．副词的分类2.副词的用法
(1)修饰动词作状语。
He walked quietly into his bedroom.
他悄悄地走进了他的卧室。 (2)修饰形容词作状语。
You have a very nice watch. 你有一块很漂亮的手表。
(3)修饰另一副词作状语，位于另一副词前。
You walked too slowly. 你走得太慢了。
(4)作表语，位于系动词之后。
How long will she be away？她要离开多久？(5)作宾语补足语，位于宾语之后。
I saw him out. 我看到他出去了。
(6)作定语，位于名词后。
The people here are friendly. 这里的人们很友好。3.大多数方式副词位于助词后面。如果是及物动词，一般放在宾语后面。
She is jumping happily. 她正高兴地跳着。
The students are listening to the teacher carefully.
学生们正在认真地听老师讲课。4．时间、地点副词或副词短语一般位于句尾。若同时出现，地点在前，时间在后。
I practice playing the piano in Mr Green's home every day.
我每天都在格林先生家练习弹钢琴。
注意:时间副词或副词短语也可以位于句首。
I will call you tomorrow. ＝Tomorrow I will call you.
我明天会给你打电话。5．频度副词一般多用在实义动词之前， be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。
He sometimes goes swimming in the river.
他有时去河里游泳。
She is never late for class. 她上学从不迟到。
注意：诸如once a week, three times a day这样的频度副词短语一般位于句尾。
I exercise once a week. 我一周锻炼一次。6．程度副词very, quite, rather, much, too等须放在被修饰的成分之前。
It is very hot today. 今天很热。
She sang quite well at the party. 她在聚会上唱得相当好。
The box is too heavy to carry. 这箱子太重了，搬不动。7．enough修饰形容词或副词时，位于被修饰词之后。
He is tall enough to join the basketball team.
他的身高够加入篮球队。
He didn't run fast enough, so he fell behind others.
他因为跑得不够快，所以落后于其他人。8.形容词转换为副词
加 ly (大部分)
quick—quickly, final—fianlly polite—politely, true —truly
以y结尾，发/i/: y变ily
easy—easily, angry—angrily
noisy—noisily, healthy—healthily
形副同体
fast, high, hard, late, far, wide, alone, early 辅音+le结尾: le变 ly
possible—possibly,simple—simply
gentle—gently, terrible—terribly
以y结尾，发/ei/: 直接加ly
shy—shyly dry—dryly
某些以ly结尾的是形容词
friendly, lovely, lively, lonely 考点二 形容词副词的比较等级1. 规则变化2.不规则变化3.形容词等级口诀
比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er，词尾若有哑音e就可以直接加r。
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母后有y，把y改成i。
最高级加-est，莫忘前面加the。形容词若是多音节，记得前面加more、most。基本句型4.原级的用法
（1）very, quite, rather, too, enough, so 等词修饰原级。
例如：
The street is very busy.
The book is quite interesting.
（2）表示 A 与B一样时，用：A…＋as＋原级＋as＋B(和……一样)。
例如：
Tom is as tall as Kate.
Tom runs as quickly as Kate.（3）表示 A 不如B 时， 用：A…＋not＋as/so＋原级＋as＋B(不如)。
例如：
This story isn't as/so interesting as that one.
My brother doesn't write as/so carefully as me. （4）原级 + enough
例如：
He is not old enough to go to school.
他不够年纪上学。4.比较级的用法
（1）两者之间的比较或选择用比较级：比较级＋than＋被比较的对象。
例如：
He is taller than his father.
Who jumps higher, Tom or Jim? 基本句型（2）比较级前面还可以用：much, a little, a bit, even, far, still, three times 等词来修饰。
例如：
Why not get up a little earlier?
The book is twice cheaper than that one.
（3）表示“越来越……”时用： 比较级＋and＋比较级/more and more＋原级。
例如：
hotter and hotter 越来越热　　　　
more and more useful 越来越有用
基本句型(4)表示“越……，越……”时，用：the＋比较级， the＋比较级。
例如：
The more you take exercise, the healthier you will be.(5)倍数的表达法：
A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than…B
或A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as B
例如：Our school is three times as big as theirs.
我们的学校是他们学校的三倍大。(6)the＋比较级＋of the two 两个人或物中较……的一个例如：
Anna is the lazier of the two girls.
(7)比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词；
比较级＋than＋the other＋复数名词
比其他任何一个/比其他剩余的所有……
例如：
She is shorter than any other girl in her class.
She is shorter than the other girls in her class.（8）Which/Who is＋形容词比较级，A or B？
哪一个更……
例如：Which book is newer，this one or that one？
（9）A＋be＋less＋多音节形容词原级＋than＋B
例如：The film was less interesting than the book.
这部电影没有这本书有趣。注意：在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
如：The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.
这里的天气比上海的暖和。
5.最高级的用法
（1）三者或三者以上的比较用最高级： the＋最高级＋of/in＋比较的范围
（2）表示 “最……之一”时用：one of the＋最高级＋名词复数。例如：
This is one of the most expensive paintings in the world.基本句型（3）表示 “第几最……”时用：the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词单数。
例如：
Shanghai is the first largest city in China.(4)选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较。
如：Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？
哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
Which season do you like(the) best，spring，summer or autumn？
你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？注意：1.形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the。例如：
He is my best friend.
比较级前不用the，但在“of the two”的结构中，要用“the＋比较级”。
例如：
The boy in red is the taller of the two.基本句型2.同类事物才能够相比较。例如：
The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing.
3.最高级与比较级的转换。例如：
Shanghai is the largest city in China.＝Shanghai is larger than any other city in
China.(上海属于中国)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.(上海不属于日本)
基本句型4.比较级表示最高级意义
(1) …形容词/副词的比较级+ than+ any other+ 单数名词…
(2) …形容词/副词的比较级+ than+ the other+ 复数名词…Wang Fang studies better than the other students in her class. 王芳在她班中学习最好。考点三 常见形容词副词词义辨析1．much too，too much，too many
much too＋adj./adv.表示“太……”。
如：The car is much too expensive.这辆车太贵了。
“too much＋不可数名词”表示“太多……”。
如：There’s too much rain in summer.夏天雨太多。
“too many＋可数名词复数”表示“太多……”。
如：There are too many apples in the box.盒子里有太多的苹果。2．hard和hardly
hard adv.努力地，大量地，猛烈地。
如：It’s raining hard.雨下得很大。
hard adj.困难的。
如：The work is hard.工作很困难。
hardly adv.几乎不。
如：I can hardly understand his words.我不太懂他的话。3.a bit, a little
(1)两者作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时, 意义相同, 意为“一点儿;有些”。
(2)两者都可以用作名词词组, 充当主语或宾语。
(3)a little可直接修饰不可数名词, 而a bit后面必须加of才可以。I am a bit / little hungry. 我有点饿。
I think I’m getting a bit / little better each day. 我觉得我每天都在好转。
A bit / little is enough for me. 我有一点儿就够了。
There is a little water in the bottle.=There is a bit of water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。4. alive, living, lively, live
(1)alive意为“活着的;在世的”, 既可修饰人, 又可修饰物。alive可作表语、定语。当它作定语时, 应放在被修饰的名词之后。
(2)living意为“活着的”, 常置于名词之前用作定语, 也可用作表语。living前加上the, 表示类别, 指“活着的人们”。living 还可用于固定短语中, 如make a living谋生。(3)lively意为“活泼的;充满活力的”, 常作定语或表语。
(4)live作动词时, 意为“生活;生存”, 读作 /liv/;作形容词时, 常意为“现场的;直播的”, 读作 /laiv/。They were alive and as happy as ever. 他们都还活着, 并跟以前一样快活。
Every living person has a name. 每个活着的人都有一个名字。
The sports ground is lively with all sorts of ball games. 运动场上进行着各种球类比赛, 呈现出一派生机勃勃的景象。
Pandas usually live in the south and the southeast of China. 熊猫通常生活在中国的南部和东南部。5. all, whole
两者都可表示“全部;都;整个”, 然而它们所修饰的词及词序不同。
(1)whole用来修饰单数可数名词, all多用来修饰不可数名词或复数可数名词。
(2)all和whole在句中的词序不同。whole常置于冠词 (a, an, the )、单数指示词或所有格词之后;而all常置于定冠词(the)、指示代词或所有格词之前。He ate the whole pie. 他吃了整个馅饼。
He ate all the food. 他把所有食物都吃了。
He spent a whole day in the museum. 他在博物馆里度过了整整一天。
My whole day/All my day was ruined. 我的一整天都浪费了。
All John’s brothers are very tall. 约翰的所有兄弟个头都很高。6. alone, lonely
(1)alone作形容词时, 意为“单独的”, 只能作表语。此外, alone 还可作副词, 相当于by oneself / on one’s own, 意为“单独地;独自”。熟记：live alone独居
(2)lonely作形容词, 意为“孤独的;寂寞的;荒凉的”, 含有较浓的情感色彩, 既可作定语, 又可作表语。熟记：feel lonely感到孤独I’ll go there alone. 我将独自去那儿。
We’re together most of the time, so we never feel lonely. 我们大多时间在一起, 所以我们从不觉得孤独。7. aloud, loud, loudly
(1)aloud作副词, 意为“出声地;大声地”, 常与read, call等动词连用, 强调为了使人听见而发声, 但声音不一定很大, 通常不用于进行比较。
(2)loud作副词, 意为“响亮地;高声地”, 常与speak, talk, sing, laugh等动词连用, 强调音量大、传播远, 常用比较级形式。loud也可以作形容词, 意为“大声的”。(3)loudly作副词, 意为“响亮地”, 其基本意义与 loud 相同, 还常与 ring, knock 等动词连用, 含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。
Don’t read aloud in the library. 不要在图书馆里大声朗读。
Please speak louder, or no one can hear you. 请讲大声点, 否则没有人能听到你的声音。
Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然, 墙上的铃大声地响起来。8. already, yet, still
(1)already意为“已经”, 多用于肯定句中, 通常与完成时连用。already也可用于疑问句中, 但不表真心的疑问, 而表“惊奇”。它常置于句中, 有时为了强调而置于句末。
(2)yet意为“已经;仍然;还”, 多与完成时连用, 一般只用于否定句或疑问句中, 且常常置于句末。
(3)still意为“仍然;还”, 可用于各种句式中, 且一般只置于句中。
The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。
Have you already had breakfast? 难道你已经吃过早餐了？
He hasn’t found his bike yet. 他还没有找到他的自行车。
Do you still teach in that school? 你还在那所学校教书吗？9. other, else
两者都可表示“别的;其他的”。
(1)other在句子中作定语, 在一般情况下, 它常常修饰复数可数名词, 且放在被修饰的名词之前。
(2)else 只修饰something, anything, nothing, nobody, anybody等不定代词或who, whose, what, when, where等特殊疑问词, 且放在它们的后面。
I don’t know if other students will be interested in this story. 我不知道是否有其他学生将对这个故事感兴趣。
She said that she had nothing else to do. 她说她没有其他事可做。10. a few, few, a little, little
a few, few, a little, little均可充当形容词修饰名词, 其中a few, few修饰复数可数名词, a little, little修饰不可数名词;a few, a little表示肯定的意义, few, little表示否定的意义。附：(1)如果有only, just, quite等词修饰, 我们通常说only / just / quite a few / little。
(2)a little还可以修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级, 如：a little fat有点胖;a little faster 更快一点。(3)many与few、much与 little互为反义词。many, much的比较级为more。few比较级为fewer、less为little的比较级。故more有两个反义词, 分别为fewer和less。同样地, 最高级most也有两个反义词, 分别为fewest和least。There is little ink in the bottle. I need to buy some.
瓶子里面几乎没有墨水了。我得去买些。
I read a few books of this famous writer recently.
最近我读过这位著名作家的几本书。
Few students can work out this problem.
很少有学生能算出这道题。
Don’t worry！ We still have a little money left.
别担心！我们还剩下一点钱。11. sleepy, asleep
(1)sleepy作形容词, 意为“困乏的;昏昏欲睡的”。
熟记： feel sleepy 感到昏昏欲睡
(2)asleep作形容词, 意为“睡着的”, 常作表语。
熟记：fall asleep (不知不觉)睡着;be asleep 熟睡
She is always sleepy in class. 她上课总是想睡觉。
I feel very sleepy now. 我现在昏昏欲睡。
The children have been asleep. 孩子们已经睡着了。
He was too tired and fell asleep at once.
他太累了, 立刻就睡着了。12. either, too, also, as well
它们都可以表示“也”。either用于否定句中, 表示“也不”, 置于句末, 通常有逗号隔开。too用于肯定句或一般疑问句中, 置于句末, 有逗号隔开, 较口语化。also通常用于肯定句中, 置于行为动词之前、助动词之后, 较正式。as well通常用于肯定句中, 置于句末, 不用逗号隔开, 较口语化。 My friend doesn’t like soap operas. I don’t like them, either. 我的朋友不喜欢肥皂剧。我也不喜欢。
If you’ve passed the driving test, I guess I will pass, too. 如果你已经通过了驾照考试, 我猜想我也可以通过。Cris can speak Spanish and Chinese, and he can also speak English. 克里斯会讲西班牙语和汉语, 他也会讲英语。
There are apple trees on either side of the path, and roses as well. 小径的两边都有苹果树, 还有玫瑰。13. each, every
(1)each通常作形容词或代词, 指二者或二者以上的“每一个”, 强调个体, 既可用作限定词, 也可单独作主语或宾语, 后面可以接of。
(2)every多作形容词, 指三者或三者以上的“每一个”, 强调整体, 既不能单独使用, 后面也不可以直接接of。every还有“每隔(一定的数目或时间)的;每……一次的;每……之中的”的意思, 如 every three weeks每三周。 Each of them has an apple. 他们每人都有一个苹果。
She knows each student of the class.
她认识班级里的每个学生。
She knows every student of the class.
她认识班级里所有的学生。
I visit my grandparents every two weeks.
我每两周探望我的祖父母一次。14. sometimes, some times, sometime, some time
sometimes 作副词, 意为“有时候”, 同义词组为at times。some times 意为“几次”, 此时time作可数名词, 意为“次数”。sometime作副词, 意为“某个时候”, 可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time意为“某段时间”, 常与for连用。 巧记：分开是“一段”, 相连为“某时”;分开s是“倍、次”, 相连s是“有时”。
Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. 每个人有时都会犯傻, 但没有谁会一直都傻。
I am sure that we have met some times before.
我肯定我们之前见过几次了。
We’ll take our holiday sometime in August.
我们会在八月某个时间去度假。(将来)I bought this sometime last summer.
这是我去年夏天某个时候买的。(过去)
We plan to stay in Hainan for some time.
我们打算在海南待上一段时间。练一练1．(2018·安徽)The speaker showed some ________ examples to make the science report easy to understand.
A．awful　　B．stupid　　
C．proper　　D．thickC【点拨】句意：演讲者展示了一些恰当的例子来使科学报告容易理解。A 可怕的，极坏的；B 愚蠢的；C 恰当的，恰到好处的；D 厚的，粗的；根据句意可知，应选C。2．(2018·宿迁)—It's reported that self-driving cars are expected to change the way we move around.
—That sounds________．
A．bad B．badly C．great D．greatlyC【点拨】sound听起来，连系动词，后面需接形容词, badly 和greatly是副词，都可排除。根据句意，可知bad(坏的)不合句意，故选C。3．(2018·天津)Yuan Longping is________ regarded as the greatest scientist in rice planting.
A．suddenly B．patiently
C．hardly D．generallyD【点拨】句意：袁隆平被普遍认为是水稻种植方面最伟大的科学家。A 突然地；B有耐心地； C几乎不； D普遍地；根据句意及选项分析可知，应选D。4．(2018·山西)If one of your friends sends you a message to borrow money on the Internet，you'd better phone him ________ first to make sure of that.
A．recently B．directly C．finallyB【点拨】考查副词。如果你的一个朋友在网络上给你发信息向你借钱，你最好首先直接给他打电话去确认这件事。 A．最近地，B.直接地，C.最后地，根据题意，选 B。5．(2018·南京)Millie________ missed the train this afternoon.It started to leave right after she got on it.
A．almost B．already C．really D．seldomA【点拨】句意：Millie______错过今天下午的火车，她刚上去火车就开始离开。根据句意可知差点错过火车，故选A。6．(2018·重庆)It rained ________ yesterday.I had to stay at home.
A．heavily B．quietly C．hardly D．quicklyA【点拨】根据后面必须呆在家中，故说明昨天下大雨。hardly“几乎不”，B是安静地，D是快地。不符合句意。故选A。7．(2017·鄂州)—I'll be away for a long time.
—Don't worry.She can look after your pet________．
A．careful enough B．enough careful
C．carefully enough D．enough carefullyC【点拨】enough作副词修饰形容词、副词时后置。8．(2018·北京)Tony is________ of the three boys，but he is the tallest.
A．young B．younger
C．youngest D．the youngestD【点拨】句意：Tony是三个男孩中最小的一个，但是他最高。根据(of the three boys)可知是最高级，形容词最高级前须加the，故选D。9．(2018·南京) “Reading Pavilion”，which entered Luhe Library this spring，has made it ________ for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.
A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easilyB【点拨】题意意在“读书亭”进驻后与以前的比较，应选比较级，make it ＋形容词的比较级，故选B。10．(2018·乐山)—It's reported that Fuxing high-speed train can go as ________ as 350 km an hour.
—Wow，how amazing!
A．fastest　　　　B．faster　　　　C．fastC　【点拨】考查同级比较。as＋形容词或副词＋as，是同级比较，表示“和……一样”，可排除AB两项。go是动词，需用副词修饰。根据句意结构，可知选C。11．(2018·天津)Tianjin is one of ________cities in China.
A．big B．bigger
C．the biggest D．the biggerC　【点拨】本题考查形容词高级的用法，one of the biggest cities表示“最大的城市之一”，故选C。12．(2018·重庆)My math teacher lives an active life.She looks as ________ as she was ten years ago.
A．young B．younger
C．the youngest D．youngestA　【点拨】根据as…as表示“与……一样”，接形容词或副词原级，故选A。13．(2018·宿迁)The local guide spoke ________she could to make the visitors understand her.
A．as clear as B．as clearly as
C．so clear as D．so clearly asB　【点拨】句意：当地导游尽可能清楚地说话，以使游客能理解她。as＋形容词或副词＋as，用于同级比较，表示“和……一样”。speak“说话”，动词需用副词修饰，可排除A、C选项。否定结构用so＋形容词或副词＋as。根据句意，可知选B。14．(2018·山西)The bridge between the two islands is ________ one in Shanghai.
A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longestD　【点拨】句意：这两个岛之间的桥是全上海最长的桥。根据句意可知，是形容词的最高级，故选D。谢谢21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
形容词副词专项练习
形容词辨析(含短语辨析)
1. (2018 安徽)Don't hurry him. Yon will just have to be________ and wait until he finishes the work.
A. active　 　 B. careful　 　 C. patient　 　 D. famous
2. (2018河北)You bought the last ticket for the concert. How________ you are!
A. sweet B. lucky C. strange D. funny
3. (2018山西)Confucius(孔子) is also very famous in many Western countries because he taught people to be ________ to others first.
A. similar 　　　　B. kind 　　　　　　C. important
4. (2018江西)He won in the story competition and his parents were very ________．
A. smart B. proud C. sorry D. upset
5. (2018南京)My sister is still very ________ with me because I broke her new pencil box yesterday.
A. popular B. satisfied C. honest D. angry
6. (2018武汉)Are you alone? I just want a ________ word with you.
A. single B. new C. private D. certain
7. (2018大连)I like the silence in the countryside. The city is too ________ for me.
A. boring B. large C. crowded D. noisy
8. (2018青岛)I like hiking in the forest because the air is pretty ________．
A. free B. dirty C. polluted D. fresh
9. (2018连云港)—Are you a fan of the science TV show Super Brain?
—Yes, I'm always ________ by these people's great brainpower.
A. tired B. amazed C. bored D. satisfied
10. (2018温州)—I can't believe it. Tony has invented a tree-planting machine.
—Really? He is so ________．
A. shy B. rude C. creative D. friendly
11. (2018无锡)Sam is ________ about his speech because he thinks he is well prepared.
A. honest B. confident C. modest D. curious
12. (2018襄阳)—I can't stand swimming in cold rivers in winter.
—But it's ________ for your health. You know I often swim in rivers in different seasons.
A. helpful B. harmful C. painful D. careful
13. (2018泰州)Simon used to be ________， but now he takes part in different activities and has made many new friends.
A. honest B. lively C. active D. quiet
14. (2018孝感)—Are you clear about the job of a policeman, Ben?
—Yes, to keep people ________ and the society in good order.
A. busy B. safe C. lucky D. healthy
15. (2018漳州)David felt ________ because he was not able to get a ticket to the concert.
A. moved 　　　 B. excited 　　　 C. disappointed
16. (2018自贡)When you feel helpless and ________， just remember you are not ________ in the world because your friends are around you.
A. alone; alone 　　B. alone; lonely 　　 C. lonely; alone
17. (2018德阳)After the final exam, we will feel ________ and we'll have a ________ summer holiday.
A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing
形容词短语辨析
18. (2018烟台)Life is ________ the unexpected. Whatever we do, try our best.
A. full of B. proud of C. instead of D. because of
19. (2018烟台)Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am ________ them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A. the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
20. (2018泰安)—I will try my best to win in the School Talent Show.
—If so, all of us will be ________ you.
A. proud of B. careful with C. strict with D. worried about
21. (2018东营)—Have you read the book Harry Potter?
—Sure. Eric is also ________ it and we become friends because of that.
A. proud of B. afraid of C. serious about D. interested in
22. (2018襄阳)—You like to drink coffee, don't you?
—Yes. But I'm ________ drinking tea, too.
A. able to B. similar to C. used to D. ready to
副词辨析
1. (2018天津)Tom fell off his bike, and his hand was hurt ________．
A. quietly B. carefully C. slowly D. badly
2. (2018重庆A卷)It was late. She opened the door________ because she didn't want to wake up her grandma.
A. angrily B. quietly C. loudly D. heavily
3. (2018 安徽)________， Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by enjoying the full moon and eating mooncakes.
A. Quickly B. Suddenly C. Secretly D. Traditionally
4. (2018南京)Last night the big fire in Sunshine Shopping Mall was started by the children playing with matches. ________， no one was hurt.
A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Easily D. Sadly
5. (2018大连)Look! Sandy is running more ________ and looks tired. What's wrong?
A. slowly B. easily C. quickly D. carefully
6. (2018孝感)This math problem isn't so difficult that I can work it out ________．
A. easily B. usefully C. loudly D. quietly
7. (2018漳州)The soldiers were so tired that they could ________ keep their eyes open after a long journey.
A. quickly 　　　　B. hardly C. easily
8. (2018泉州)—Sir, would you mind speaking a little more ________？
—Of course not. I thought you could follow me.
A. quickly 　　　　B. slowly C. politely
9. (2018绵阳)I don't want to go shopping. ________， I haven't got any money.
A. Then B. However C. Besides D. Instead
10. (2018威海)Grandma is rather deaf, so you must speak clearly and ________ to her.
A. quietly 　　　　B. loudly C. noisily
11. (2018温州)Hearing the good news, Betty laughed and ran out of the classroom ________．
A. sadly B. quietly C. angrily D. excitedly
12. (2018宜昌)—Did you get Wechat red(微信红包)during the Spring Festival?
—Yes. It's ________ the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now.
A. totally B. widely C. actually D. hardly
13. (2018广东)According to a recent survey, ________ three fifths of working mothers in China don't want to have a second child.
A. mostly B. especially C. partly D. nearly
14. (2018泰州)—Wechat(微信) really influences people's life.
—________. It is easier for us to keep in touch with others.
A. Mainly B. Exactly C. Simply D. Mostly
15. (2018荆州)—I ________ eat vegetables.
—But they are good for your health! We should eat them every day.
A. often B. usually C. always D. seldom
16. (2018大连)—________ will the match between HAS and BIG be held?
—In our school stadium.
A. When B. Where C. Why D. How
17. (2018黄石)—Hey, Jane. ________ are you feeling now?
—Much better. Thanks.
A. What B. Where C. How D. When
形容词和副词的混合辨析
1. (2018天水)This kind of clothes looks ________ and sells ________．
A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well
2. (2018宜宾)Look out! The food on the plate smells________. You can't eat it.
A. badly 　　　　 B. bad C. good
3. (2018甘肃通用卷)They met in 2001 and got married ________ two years later.
A. special B. exact C. hardly D. exactly
4. (2018西宁)The soup tastes ________ because it's too salty. I put salt into it too ________ in a hurry.
A. terribly; carefully B. terrible; carefully C. terrible; carelessly D. terribly; carelessly
5. (2018青岛)________， we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai.
A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily
6. (2018安顺)—Mom, can I do ________ much work in ________ a short time?
—Dear, I think you can.
A. so; so B. such; so C. so; such D. such; such
形容词的等级
1. (2018重庆A卷)—I think it's necessary to learn how to work in groups.
—I quite agree. Sometimes it's even________ than grades.
A. less important B. more important C. the least important D. the most important
2. (2018 安徽)Mr. Black's memory is getting________. As a result, he often leaves his keys at home.
A. older B. poorer C. greater D. better
3. (2018河南)I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can say this one is ________．
A. good B. better C. the better D. the best
4. (2018广东)Among the four seas off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second ________．
A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
5. (2018呼和浩特)He is very rich but that day he bought ________ bike to save money for the poor children.
A. an expensive B. a more expensive C. the more cheaper D. the cheapest
6. (2018成都)AlphaGo has beaten the top professional go(围棋) player. So many people think it's ________ go player in the world.
A. a good 　　　　B. a better C. the best
7. (2018泰安)We all like Lucy as she is always thinking ________ of others than herself.
A. less B. much more C. much D. better
8. (2018达州)—Roy never likes junk food.
—Neither do I. That's probably why I'm becoming ________ now.
A.healthy and weak B. healthier and healthier
C. weaker and weaker D. more and more healthily
9. (2018天水)—Have you finished your homework yet?
—No, I'll finish it in fifteen ________ minutes.
A. another B. other C. more D. some
10. (2018黄冈)—Your father never shops online. Why's that?
—He says they're much________ but the products are not really good.
A. nicer B. cheap C. nice D. cheaper
11. (2018荆州)—How was your interview for the work?
—Oh, I couldn't feel any ________. I hardly understood most of the questions they asked.
A. happier B. better C. worse D. harder
12. (2018孝感)The earlier kids learn to be independent, the ________ it is for their future.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
13. (2018东营)—Why didn't you cry for help when you were robbed(被抢劫)?
—If I opened my mouth, they might find my four gold teeth. That would be ________！
A. bad B. much worse C. worst D. the worst
14. (2018苏州)—Playing video games is a waste of time.
—I can't agree more. There are ________ meaningful things to do.
A. the most B. the least C. more D. less
15. (2018临沂)Mr. Wang is very friendly to us. He is ________ of all the persons I know.
A. patient B. less patient C. more patient D. the most patient
16. (2018宜昌)—Home is ________ place wherever you go.
—East or west, home is the best.
A. warm B. warmer C. warmest D. the warmest
17. (2018泰州)—The service is very wonderful and the weather is quite fine.
—Yes, this holiday is so great, we have never had ________ before.
A. the better one B. a good one C. a better one D. the best one
18. (2018广安)The population of China is much ________ than that of England.
A. larger B. largest C. more D. large
19. (2018怀化)—Which city is ________ beautiful, Hangzhou, Beijing or Shanghai?
—Hangzhou, I think.
A. the most B. the better C. more
20. (2018青岛)The talent show is ________ the game show. I like both.
A. as boring as B. not so bored as C. as interesting as D. not so interested as
21. (2018新疆建设兵团)He is a little ________ than you, but he is as ________ as you.
A. thin; stronger B. thinner; stronger C. thinner; strong D. thin; strong
22. (2018巴中)—This is ________ fascinating town I have ever visited.
—Yes, I've never seen a ________ one.
A. the worst; bigger B. the most; better C. the better; best
副词的等级
1. (2018 江西)I didn't do very well in this exam. Unluckily, he did it ________．
A. worse B. badly C. better D. worst
2. (2018济宁)In order to pass the exam, you need to work much ________ now.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
3. (2018攀枝花)—Which season do you like ________ in Panzhihua, dry season or rainy season?
—Rainy season.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
4. (2018咸宁)—Sarah is chosen as the guide for the Fashion Show.
—Great! No one speaks English ________ her.
A. as beautiful as B. as badly as C. worse than D. better than
答案与解析
形容词辨析(含短语辨析)
1.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：别催他。你将不得不，并且要等他完成工作。active积极的；careful仔细的；patient耐心的；famous有名的。既然要等待，那么就需要耐心。故选C。
6.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你独自一个人吗？我只是想和你说话。single单一的；new新的；private秘密的，私密的；certain肯定的。根据前一句“Are you alone？”可知是想说一些私密的话，故选C。
11.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：萨姆对他的演讲，因为他认为他已经准备好了。honest诚实的；confident自信的，有信心的；modest谦虚的；curious好奇的。根据句意可知为演讲做了充分的准备，所以很自信。故选B。
16. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你感到无助和时，要记住你在这个世界上不是，因为你的朋友们在你的身边。alone为形容词，意为“单独的”，只表示客观的状态，lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感彩。分析语境可知选C。
20.A【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意“我将尽我最大的努力在学校的才艺表演中获胜。”“如果是这样的话，我们所有人将以你。”(be) proud of 以……为荣；(be) careful with 小心……；(be) strict with对……严厉；(be) worried about担心……。根据语境可知，空格处表示“以……为荣”。故选A。
2.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很晚了。她 打开门，因为她不想吵醒她的祖母。angrily 生气地；quietly 轻轻地；loudly 大声地；heavily 重重地，猛烈地。根据句意“因为她不想吵醒她的祖母”可知轻轻地打开门，故选B。
7.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：长途行军后，战士们如此疲倦以至于他们睁开双眼。quickly迅速地；hardly几乎不；easily容易地。根据so tired可知几乎睁不开眼睛，故选B。
8.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意“先生，你介意说得更加一点儿吗？”“当然不介意。我以为你可以跟上。”quickly迅速地；slowly慢慢地；politely有礼貌地。根据语境可知选B。
13.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项调查结果，有工作的中国妈妈中五分之三不想生二孩。 mostly主要地；especially特别地；partly部分地；nearly几乎。根据语境选D。
形容词和副词的混合辨析
1.A【解析】考查形容词与副词混合辨析。句意：这种衣服看起来并且卖得。look是系动词，后用形容词作表语；sell为实义动词，需用副词well来修饰。故选A。
2.B【解析】考查形容词与副词混合辨析。句意：小心！盘子里的食物闻起来。你不能吃了。系动词smell后接形容词，排除A；分析句意，食物不能吃了，应是闻起来不好。故选B。
6.C 【解析】考查so与such的区别。句意“妈妈，我能在如此短的时间内做完这么多工作吗？”“亲爱的，我认为你可以的。”so副词，修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，表示多或少(many, much, few, little)的词前也用“so”；such形容词，修饰的中心词是名词，再结合题可知“work”是名词，但前面有“much”，用so修饰，“a short time”的中心词是名词，用such修饰。故选C。
形容词的等级
6.C【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：阿尔法围棋(围棋人工智能程序)打败了顶尖专业围棋选手。所以许多人认为它是世界上围棋选手。因为阿尔法围棋打败了顶尖专业围棋选手，可知它是最好的围棋手，用形容词最高级，故选C。
7.B【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们都喜欢露西，因为比起为自己着想，她总是 为别人着想。根据前半句“我们都喜欢露西”可知她考虑别人比考虑自己更多。B项中，much修饰比较级more，故选B。
12. C【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就。根据句意和句子结构可知，本题考查的知识点为“the ＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……，就越……”，故选C。
16.D【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意“不论你去哪儿，家是地方。”“金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝。”根据答语提示可推知第一句句意“家是最温暖的地方”用最高级warmest，最高级前面用定冠词the修饰，故选D。
17.C【解析】考查形容词比较级表达最高级。句意“服务非常棒而且天气相当好。”“是的，这个假期过得非常好。我们以前从没有遇到。”此处是比较级表达最高级的含义用better，故选C。
18.A【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：中国人口比英国人口多的多。larger更大的，形容词比较级；largest最大的，形容词最高级；more更多的，形容词比较级；large大的，形容词原级。修饰人口多用large，根据句意及much可知用比较级，故选A。
副词的等级
1.A【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：这次考试我做的不是太好。不幸地是，他做得。根据后句的Unluckily可知，他做得更差，用副词比较级。故选A。
2.B【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：为了通过考试，你需要比现在更加学习。much修饰比较级，harder表示更加努力学习。
3.B【解析】考查副词比较级。句意“你喜欢攀枝花的哪个季节，旱季还是雨季？”“雨季。”根据比较的对象是两者，应该用比较级。故选B。
4.D【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意“萨拉被选为时装表演的向导。”“太好了！没有人比她说英语。”分析句子结构可知此空应是修饰动词speak，用副词，故先排除A项。再根据上句“萨拉被选为时装表演的向导。”可知她说英语比其他人都好，故选D