中考英语复习数词学案
考情分析
数词是用来表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。除基数词和序数词外,和数词相关的还有分数、小数、倍数、百分数等。各地中考试题中有关数词的考点,主要集中在基数词、序数词及分数上。包括基数词的读法、序数词的形式、基数词与所修饰的复数名词之间的关系、整百和整千(百万、十亿)等数词的用法、数词与名词和形容词组成复合形容词的形式等。近几年的中考试题中基数词与序数词有隔年考察的趋势。
学习目标
1. 掌握基数词的构成方式,用法及读法;
2. 掌握序数词的构成方式,用法及与定冠词the的关系;
3. 掌握数词的其他常用表达法;
4. 准确完成数词的相关练习。
考点一 基数词
一、基数词的构成
1.1-12的基数词是独立的单词,
即: one ,two ,three ,four ,five ,six ,seven ,eight ,nine ,ten ,eleven ,twelve 。
2.13-19的基数词以-teen 结尾。
如: fourteen ,seventeen 等,但13,15,18较特殊, 13—thirteen, 15—fifteen, 18—eighteen 。
3.20-90的整十位均以-ty 结尾。
如: sixty ,ninety ,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊, 20—twenty, 30—thirty, 40—forty, 50—fifty,
80—eighty 。
4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-"
如:28-twenty-eight ,96-ninety-six 。
5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and
如:148—one hundred and forty-eight
406—four hundred and six
例:(2018·湖南湘西) —Excuse me, Mary. Can you read “198” in English?
—Yes, of course._______.
A. One hundred ninety-eight
B. One hundred nine eight
C. One hundred and ninety-eight
6.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号" ," 第一个逗号前为千(thousand ),第二个逗号前为百万(million ),第三个逗号前为billion (十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用" 几十个千(thousand )" 表示几万," 几百个千(thousand )" 表示" 几十万" 。
如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten
84,296=eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six
274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。
例:(2018·甘肃武威)17. The number “23, 456” can be read as “__________”.
A. twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty –six
B. twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six
C. two three thousand and four five six
D. two three thousand. four and five six_
二、基数词的用法
表示数量的多少。如:I?have?two?sisters.??我有两个姐姐,
?2.表示年龄。??表示不确切的岁数用“in one's?+几十的复数形式”表示。
如:Her?daughter?is?eighteen.她的女儿18岁了。
She?moved?to?Beijing?in?her?thirties.?她在三十多岁时搬到了北京。
例:(2018·山东青岛中考)It’s my daughter’s birthday today. She’s ______ years old.
A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth
3.表示倍(次)数。一倍(次)用once,两倍(次)用twice,两倍(次)以上用“基数词+times”表示。time?在此处是可数名词,意为“倍/次”。
如:The?room?is?three?times?bigger?than?that?one.?这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
I have?been to?Beijing?four?times.我已经去过北京四次了。
4表示时间。
(1)表示整点,直接用“基数词+?o’clock”表示,o’clock可以省略。
如:?6:00读作six o’clock
(2)几点过几分,在分钟后加past,,再加小时,past意为“过”。
如:8:10读作ten?past?eight
(3)表示差几分几点,用“与下一个钟点相差的分钟+to+下一个时”。to意为差
如: 8:35读作twenty-five?to?nine 6:50读作ten to seven
(4)一刻钟用a?quarter表示,“半点”用half表示。
如:?7:15读作?a?quarter?past?seven
8:45读作a quarter?to?nine
9:30读作half past?nine
日常生活中,可以直接用基数词表示,即“小时+分钟”。
如:8:20读作eight twenty
例:(2018·甘肃天水)42.—How do you say “1:57” in English?
—It’s .
A.three past two B.fifty-seven past one
C.three to one D.three to two
5.表示日期。
(1)表示年份年代用基数词,一般写作阿拉伯数字。
如:1949年nineteen forty-nine 2005年two thousand and five
20世纪60年代 1960s nineteen sixties
19世纪70年代 1870s eighteen seventies
(2)年、月、日的英语顺序是:月、日、年(美国英语);日、月、年(英国英语)。
如:?1997.7.1 写作July?1(st),?1997读作July?the?first,nineteen ninety-?seven
“日”用序数词或读作序教词
6.表示顺序。
基数词表示顺序时,由“单数名词+基数词”构成,此时名词和基数词的第一个字母通常大写。
如:—What class are you in this term? 这学期你在哪个班?
—I’m in Class One Grade Three. 我在三年级一班。
7.“another + 基数词 + 名词”或“基数词 + more + 名词”表示在已有基础上再增加一定的数量。
如:In another two weeks, it will be finished. 再过两个星期,这活就完成了。
8. 用于加减乘除的数字用基数词。
如:One plus two is three.
Five times six is thirty.
9. 数词 + 名词 (+形容词) 作定语,名词用单数形式。
如:A twenty-one-year-old girl is behind me.
例:(2018·湖南湘西) Li Wen is a normal _____boy from the countryside. He works hard and does well in school.
A. 15 years old B.15-years-old C. 15-year-old
10. 数词前加every,表达“每一段时间或每隔一段……”
every ten days every four weeks
每10天/每隔9天 每4周/每隔3周
every ninth day every third week
11. hundred, thousand, million, billion的特殊用法
(1). hundred, thousand等数词,其前有具体数字修饰,表示具体的数目时,用单数。
如:The boy has collected two thousand stamps. 这个男孩已经收集了两千张邮票。
例:(2018·广西河池) 28. There are about three ________ students in our school.
A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand D. thousand of
(2). 当hundred, thousand等与“of + 复数名词”连用时,表示模糊概念,这时hundred, thousand等要用复数形式。
如:Every year, there are hundreds of people visiting the place of interest.
每年有成百上千人参观这处名胜。
例:(2018山东菏泽)25. Tibet receives ____foreign visitors from January to April each year.
A. thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands
考点二 序数词
一、序数词的构成:
1.序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th 构成,
如: fourth, tenth, 但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时,有特别之处。
One —first, two —second, three —third, five—fifth, nine —ninth, twelve —twelfth
2.以_ty 结尾的单词, 要先变y 为i, 在加-eth. 。
如:thirty —thirtieth, fifty—fiftieth
3.以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词, 要将个位数变成序数词。
如:twenty-one —twenty-first, one hundred and one—one hundred and first
4.基数词变序数词口诀:
基数变序数,th来帮助。1/2/3,特殊记;8少t,9去e;y结尾改ie;ve要用f替;five, twelve是两兄弟;遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
注意:序数词在实际书写运用时,常用缩写形式,缩写形式为“阿拉伯数字 + 序数词最后面的两个字母”。
如:first – 1st; seventeenth – 17th; twenty-second – 22nd; thirty-third – 33rd
二、序数词的用法1.用来表示事物的顺序。序教词在使用时,一般加上定冠词the如:the second lesson第二课,the third day第三天例:(2018·四川达州)—Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ______ FIFA World Cup?
—You mean the football match will be held in ______?
A.twenty-one;Russia B.twenty-first;Russian
C.twenty-first;Russia D.twenty-one;Russian
2. 序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词(a/an),用来表示“再一,又一”的意思。该用法中序教词first一般除外。如:We've?tried?it?three?times. But?we'll?try?it?a?fourth?time. 我们已经试过三次了,但是我们将会再试一次。 We'll go over?it?a?second?time.?我们将会再温习一遍。3.用序数词表示日期,前面可加the,也可以省略。 如:5月4日May?(the)?fourth 10月1日October (the)?first4. 在形容词最高级前面可以使用序教词,表示“第几最...”的意义。
如:?The?Yellow?River?is?the second?longest?river?in?China.黄河是中国的第二长河。考点三 数词的其他常用表达法
1. 分数的表达法
用数词表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;如果分子大于1,分母用复数。
如:Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen. 氧气只占空气的五分之一。
注意:“四分之一”常表示为a quarter;“四分之三”表示为“three quarters”;“二分之一”表示为“a half”。
例1:(2018·广东省)According to a survey, four out of five women do housework at home, but only of men would do it.
A. four fifth B. four fifths C. two fifth D. two fifths
例2:(2018. 贵州安顺)—What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?
—Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; is C. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are
2.百分数表达法百分数用“基数词+?percent”表示。percent?无复数形式。
如: 5% five?percent 20% twenty?percent注意:?由“分数(或百分数)+of+名词”构成的名词词组作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词类别而定。如:?Over?sixty?percent?of?the?doctors?are women.超过60%的医生是女性。 Three?fourths?of?the?students?in?my?class?are?interested?in?English. 我们班有四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。 Two?thirds?of?the?water?on?the?earth?is?sea?water.地球上三分之二的水是海水。例:(2018·山东东营) We asked 1,000 students from Hope School about what kind of books they love. Here are the results.
According to the pie chart above, _______ of the students love science books.
ten percent B. fifteen percent C. a quarter D. half
3.小数表达法 小数中小数点读作point,小数点前后都用基数词表示。如:?5.6 five?point?six 0.7 zero?point?seven 7.?83 seven?point?eight three
4. 倍数的表达法
表示甲是乙的几倍时,常用下面的三种方法:
(1). A + 动词 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than B
(2). A + 动词 + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as B
(3). A + 动词 + 倍数 + the + 相应的名词 + of B
如:这根绳子是那根的3倍长。
This rope is twice loner than that one.
This rope is three times as long as that one.
This rope is three times the length of that one.
5. 编号的表达法
(1). 单纯的序号,可在基数词前加number,简写为No.。
如:No. 2 第2
(2). 大序号通常只用“名词+数词”。
如:Room 305 第305号房间 Page 126 第126页
(3). 电话号码、汽车号码等的编号。
这些编号要用阿拉伯数字。朗读时,若是遇到0,既能读作字母O音,也可读作zero(零);两个相同的数字在一起时,还可读作double。
如:Tel: 4885207 读作 four, double eight, five, two, zero, seven
中考英语复习数词学案
考情分析
数词是用来表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。除基数词和序数词外,和数词相关的还有分数、小数、倍数、百分数等。各地中考试题中有关数词的考点,主要集中在基数词、序数词及分数上。包括基数词的读法、序数词的形式、基数词与所修饰的复数名词之间的关系、整百和整千(百万、十亿)等数词的用法、数词与名词和形容词组成复合形容词的形式等。近几年的中考试题中基数词与序数词有隔年考察的趋势。
学习目标
1. 掌握基数词的构成方式,用法及读法;
2. 掌握序数词的构成方式,用法及与定冠词the的关系;
3. 掌握数词的其他常用表达法;
4. 准确完成数词的相关练习。
考点一 基数词
一、基数词的构成
1.1-12的基数词是独立的单词,
即: one ,two ,three ,four ,five ,six ,seven ,eight ,nine ,ten ,eleven ,twelve 。
2.13-19的基数词以-teen 结尾。
如: fourteen ,seventeen 等,但13,15,18较特殊, 13—thirteen, 15—fifteen, 18—eighteen 。
3.20-90的整十位均以-ty 结尾。
如: sixty ,ninety ,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊, 20—twenty, 30—thirty, 40—forty, 50—fifty, 80—eighty 。
4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-"
如:28-twenty-eight ,96-ninety-six 。
5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and
如:148—one hundred and forty-eight
406—four hundred and six
例:(2018·湖南湘西) —Excuse me, Mary. Can you read “198” in English?
—Yes, of course._______.
A. One hundred ninety-eight
B. One hundred nine eight
C. One hundred and ninety-eight
C【解析】考查数字辨析。句意:——劳驾,玛丽。你用英语会读“198”吗?——是的,当然了。_____。分析数字可知:百位数和十位数之间要加and。故选C。
6.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号" ," 第一个逗号前为千(thousand ),第二个逗号前为百万(million ),第三个逗号前为billion (十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用" 几十个千(thousand )" 表示几万," 几百个千(thousand )" 表示" 几十万" 。
如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten
84,296=eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six
274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。
例:(2018·甘肃武威)17. The number “23, 456” can be read as “__________”.
A. twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty –six
B. twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six
C. two three thousand and four five six
D. two three thousand. four and five six_
A考查数字读法。句意:数字23,456可以被读为__________。在英语中读数字时,千位与百位之间不用连词and,而百位与十位之间用and连接。故选A。
二、基数词的用法
表示数量的多少。如:I?have?two?sisters.??我有两个姐姐,
?2.表示年龄。??表示不确切的岁数用“in one's?+几十的复数形式”表示。
如:Her?daughter?is?eighteen.她的女儿18岁了。
She?moved?to?Beijing?in?her?thirties.?她在三十多岁时搬到了北京。
例:(2018·山东青岛中考)It’s my daughter’s birthday today. She’s ______ years old.
A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth
A【解析】考查数词的用法辨析。句意:今天是我女儿的生日,她18岁了。因为表示年龄需要用基数词,所以排除B和D两项;而基数词不与冠词连用,所以C项也排除。故选A。
3.表示倍(次)数。一倍(次)用once,两倍(次)用twice,两倍(次)以上用“基数词+times”表示。time?在此处是可数名词,意为“倍/次”。
如:The?room?is?three?times?bigger?than?that?one.?这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
I have?been to?Beijing?four?times.我已经去过北京四次了。
4表示时间。
(1)表示整点,直接用“基数词+?o’clock”表示,o’clock可以省略。
如:?6:00读作six o’clock
(2)几点过几分,在分钟后加past,,再加小时,past意为“过”。
如:8:10读作ten?past?eight
(3)表示差几分几点,用“与下一个钟点相差的分钟+to+下一个时”。to意为差
如: 8:35读作twenty-five?to?nine 6:50读作ten to seven
(4)一刻钟用a?quarter表示,“半点”用half表示。
如:?7:15读作?a?quarter?past?seven 8:45读作a quarter?to?nine
9:30读作half past?nine
日常生活中,可以直接用基数词表示,即“小时+分钟”。
如:8:20读作eight twenty
例:(2018·甘肃天水)42.—How do you say “1:57” in English?
—It’s .
A.three past two B.fifty-seven past one
C.three to one D.three to two
D 【解析】考查数词的用法。句意:——在英语中,你如何表达“1点57分”?——时间是_______。时刻的间接表达法:当分钟数小于30的时候,用“原分钟数+past+原小时数”,意为“几点过几分”;当分钟数大于30时,用“(60-原分钟数)+to+(原小时数+1)”,意为“差几分钟不到下一个钟点”。这里表示“一点五十七”,故用“three to two”。故选D。
5.表示日期。
(1)表示年份年代用基数词,一般写作阿拉伯数字。
如:1949年nineteen forty-nine 2005年two thousand and five
20世纪60年代 1960s nineteen sixties
19世纪70年代 1870s eighteen seventies
(2)年、月、日的英语顺序是:月、日、年(美国英语);日、月、年(英国英语)。
如:?1997.7.1 写作July?1(st),?1997读作July?the?first,nineteen ninety-?seven
“日”用序数词或读作序教词
6.表示顺序。
基数词表示顺序时,由“单数名词+基数词”构成,此时名词和基数词的第一个字母通常大写。
如:—What class are you in this term? 这学期你在哪个班?
—I’m in Class One Grade Three. 我在三年级一班。
7.“another + 基数词 + 名词”或“基数词 + more + 名词”表示在已有基础上再增加一定的数量。
如:In another two weeks, it will be finished. 再过两个星期,这活就完成了。
8. 用于加减乘除的数字用基数词。
如:One plus two is three.
Five times six is thirty.
9. 数词 + 名词 (+形容词) 作定语,名词用单数形式。
如:A twenty-one-year-old girl is behind me.
例:(2018·湖南湘西) Li Wen is a normal _____boy from the countryside. He works hard and does well in school.
A. 15 years old B.15-years-old C. 15-year-old
C【解析】考查复合形容词用法。句意:李文是个来自农村的15岁普通男孩。他在学校里努力学习并做得很好。表示年龄的复合形容词结构“数字-名词单数-形容词”,15岁的,可表示为“15-year-old”。故选C。
10. 数词前加every,表达“每一段时间或每隔一段……”
every ten days every four weeks
每10天/每隔9天 每4周/每隔3周
every ninth day every third week
11. hundred, thousand, million, billion的特殊用法
(1). hundred, thousand等数词,其前有具体数字修饰,表示具体的数目时,用单数。
如:The boy has collected two thousand stamps. 这个男孩已经收集了两千张邮票。
例:(2018·广西河池) 28. There are about three ________ students in our school.
A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand D. thousand of
C【解析】考查数词的用法辨析。句意:在我们学校里大约有三千名学生。当thousand前有具体的数字three等时,表示确数,thousand后不加-s,其后也不用of;当thousand前没有具体数字three等时,表示约数,thousand后即加-s,也要加of。故选C。
(2). 当hundred, thousand等与“of + 复数名词”连用时,表示模糊概念,这时hundred, thousand等要用复数形式。
如:Every year, there are hundreds of people visiting the place of interest. 每年有成百上千人参观这处名胜。
例:(2018山东菏泽)25. Tibet receives ____foreign visitors from January to April each year.
A. thousand of B. thousands of C. several thousands
B【解析】考查数词辨析。“具体数字+thousand +名词复数”或者“thousands of +名词复数”,分析选项可知选B。
考点二 序数词
一、序数词的构成:
1.序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th 构成,
如: fourth, tenth, 但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时,有特别之处。
One —first, two —second, three —third, five—fifth, nine —ninth, twelve —twelfth
2.以_ty 结尾的单词, 要先变y 为i, 在加-eth. 。
如:thirty —thirtieth, fifty—fiftieth
3.以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词, 要将个位数变成序数词。
如:twenty-one —twenty-first, one hundred and one—one hundred and first
4.基数词变序数词口诀:
基数变序数,th来帮助。1/2/3,特殊记;8少t,9去e;y结尾改ie;ve要用f替;five, twelve是两兄弟;遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
注意:序数词在实际书写运用时,常用缩写形式,缩写形式为“阿拉伯数字 + 序数词最后面的两个字母”。
如:first – 1st; seventeenth – 17th; twenty-second – 22nd; thirty-third – 33rd
二、序数词的用法1.用来表示事物的顺序。序教词在使用时,一般加上定冠词the如:the second lesson第二课,the third day第三天例:(2018·四川达州)—Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ______ FIFA World Cup?
—You mean the football match will be held in ______?
A.twenty-one;Russia B.twenty-first;Russian
C.twenty-first;Russia D.twenty-one;Russian
C 考查数词和名词辨析。句意:——你认为哪个国家会获得第21届世界杯的第一名?
——你说的是在俄罗斯举办的足球赛吗?从句意知,第一个空需要用序数词,第二个空指的是国家。故选C。
2. 序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词(a/an),用来表示“再一,又一”的意思。该用法中序教词first一般除外。如:We've?tried?it?three?times. But?we'll?try?it?a?fourth?time. 我们已经试过三次了,但是我们将会再试一次。 We'll go over?it?a?second?time.?我们将会再温习一遍。3.用序数词表示日期,前面可加the,也可以省略。 如:5月4日May?(the)?fourth 10月1日October (the)?first4. 在形容词最高级前面可以使用序教词,表示“第几最...”的意义。
如:?The?Yellow?River?is?the second?longest?river?in?China.黄河是中国的第二长河。考点三 数词的其他常用表达法
1. 分数的表达法
用数词表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;如果分子大于1,分母用复数。
如:Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen. 氧气只占空气的五分之一。
注意:“四分之一”常表示为a quarter;“四分之三”表示为“three quarters”;“二分之一”表示为“a half”。
例1:(2018·广东省)According to a survey, four out of five women do housework at home, but only of men would do it.
A. four fifth B. four fifths C. two fifth D. two fifths
D考查数词之分数表达。句意:根据一项调查,五分之四的妇女在家做家务,但是只有五分之二的男士做这项工作。分数的表达方式,分子用基数词,而分母则需要用序数词,当分子数字大于一时,则分母序数词后需要加s。故选D。
例2:(2018. 贵州安顺)—What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?
—Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; is C. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are
A. 考查数词和主谓一致的用法。英语中表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用序数词的复数形式。这里中心词是不可数名词land, 作主语时看作单数,故选A。
2.百分数表达法百分数用“基数词+?percent”表示。percent?无复数形式。
如: 5% five?percent 20% twenty?percent注意:?由“分数(或百分数)+of+名词”构成的名词词组作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词类别而定。如:?Over?sixty?percent?of?the?doctors?are women.超过60%的医生是女性。 Three?fourths?of?the?students?in?my?class?are?interested?in?English. 我们班有四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。 Two?thirds?of?the?water?on?the?earth?is?sea?water.地球上三分之二的水是海水。例:(2018·山东东营) We asked 1,000 students from Hope School about what kind of books they love. Here are the results.
According to the pie chart above, _______ of the students love science books.
ten percent B. fifteen percent C. a quarter D. half
D【解析】考查数词的用法辨析。句意:我们询问了来自希望中学的1000名学生,有关他们喜欢什么类型的书。这儿是调查结果。根据以上的表格,________ 的学生喜欢科学书。 ten percent百分之十;fifteen percent 百分之十五;a quarter四分之一;half一半。由题干中所给的表格信息可知是500个学生,占总人数的一半。故选D。
3.小数表达法 小数中小数点读作point,小数点前后都用基数词表示。如:?5.6 five?point?six 0.7 zero?point?seven 7.?83 seven?point?eight three
4. 倍数的表达法
表示甲是乙的几倍时,常用下面的三种方法:
(1). A + 动词 + 倍数 + 比较级 + than B
(2). A + 动词 + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as B
(3). A + 动词 + 倍数 + the + 相应的名词 + of B
如:这根绳子是那根的3倍长。
This rope is twice loner than that one.
This rope is three times as long as that one.
This rope is three times the length of that one.
5. 编号的表达法
(1). 单纯的序号,可在基数词前加number,简写为No.。
如:No. 2 第2
(2). 大序号通常只用“名词+数词”。
如:Room 305 第305号房间 Page 126 第126页
(3). 电话号码、汽车号码等的编号。
这些编号要用阿拉伯数字。朗读时,若是遇到0,既能读作字母O音,也可读作zero(零);两个相同的数字在一起时,还可读作double。
如:Tel: 4885207 读作 four, double eight, five, two, zero, seven
中考英语数词专项练习
基数词与序数词
1. (2018天津)Li Ming will be ________. His parents are going to have a party for his ________ birthday.
A. sixteen; sixteenth B. sixteenth; sixteenth
C. sixteen; sixteen D. sixteenth; sixteen
2. (2018重庆A卷)Meimei is going to be an older sister. Her parents are planning to have their________ child.
A. one B. two C. first D. second
3. (2018广东)Please turn to page ________ and take a look at the picture on it.
A. the eightieth B. eightieth C. eighties D. eighty
4. (2018哈尔滨)—What are you going to do this Saturday?
—I am going to the old people's home to celebrate Mrs.Green's________birthday.
A. ninty-ninth B. ninety-ninth C. ninety-nineth
5. (2018岳阳)There are ________ days in March and the ________ day is Women's Day.
A. thirty-one, eighth B. thirty-first, eighth C. thirty-one, eight
6. (2018齐齐哈尔)He has failed ________ times, but he won't give up a ________ chance.
A. third, four B. three, fourth C. third, fourth
7. (2018来宾)There are ________ months in a year. December is the ________ month of a year.
A.twelve; twelve B.twelfth; twelfth C.twelve; twelfth D.twelfth; twelve
概数词
1. (2018福州)—Where were you born, Michael?
—I was born in a small village with only three ________ people.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
2. (2018重庆B卷)The environment here becomes better and better. ________ birds are coming back.
A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousand
3. (2018黄冈)—The 15th Chinese Bridge—Chinese Proficiency Competition will be held this year!
—That's great!________ foreign college students are interested in Chinese learning.
A. Hundred of B. Thousands C. Hundred D. Thousands of
4. (2015天津)Basketball is so exciting that ________ people play it for fun.
A. million B. two millions C. million of D. millions of
分数及其他
1. (2018滨州)—What do you think of the environment here?
—Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; is C. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are
2. (2018东营)—A recent survey shows that 35 out of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.
—About ________ of the students made such a choice? Life is far more important, isn't it?
A. half B. one third C. two thirds D. three quarters
3. (2018郴州)The workers will complete the new bridge in ________.
A. two and a half months B. two months and half
C. two and a half month
答案与解析
基数词与序数词
1.A【解析】考查基数词与序数词。句意:李明将要了。他的父母将为他生日举办一个生日聚会。sixteen十六,基数词;sixteenth第十六的,序数词。用基数词表达年龄,第一空用基数词,根据第二空后面的birthday可知此处是序数词,故选A。
7.C【解析】考查基数词与序数词。句意:一年中有个月,12月是第个月。第一空后是months,表示个数,用基数词;第二空表示“第十二个月”,用序数词,故选C。
概数词
分数及其他
课件31张PPT。中考英语复习
——数词考点一 基数词一、基数词的构成
1.1~12独立成词:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
2.13~19的基数词以-teen结尾。要注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的拼写。
3.表示整“十”的基数词:20~90的基数词都以-ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,ninety的正确写法。4.21~99非整“十”的写法是:十位数加个位数,中间用连字符号“-”连接。如:26 twenty-six;57 fifty-seven
5.101~999的构成是:百位数与十位数之间用and连接。
如:123 one hundred and twenty-three6.hundred,thousand,million,billion等词在表示确定数目的时候,直接在前面加基数词;表示不确定数目时,要在它们后面加s,其后还要加of。
如:
three hundred students三百名学生
thousands of students成千上万的学生二、基数词的用法
1.表示数量的多少。
2.表示年份。1988读作nineteen eighty-eight
3.表示时刻。
7:00读作seven o'clock
8:30读作half past eight/eight thirty
3:05读作five past three/three five
5:48读作twelve to six/five forty-eight4.表示顺序。单数名词+基数词,名词的第一个字母通常要大写。
如:Class Two,Room 12,No.3 Middle School,Page 10
【注意】“单数名词+基数词”可转换成“the+序数词+单数名词”,此时名词的首字母不大写。
如:Lesson Three=the third lesson第三课5.“数词+单数名词”相当于合成形容词作定语(如:a three-year-old girl)。合成形容词中的名词一定是单数。合成形容词不能作表语,后面必须跟所修饰的名词。6.与表示时间、距离、长度的名词一起构成“数词+单位名词+形容词”,表示事物的形状、年代及距离等。如:ten years old,3600 meters long
The light was invented in the 1870s.电灯在十九世纪七十年代被发明。
7.与another,more连用时,表示在已有的基础上再增加一定数量。
如:another three hours,two more cakes8. hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等前有具体数字或several, a few等修饰时,一般用单数。它们的复数形式后常接of 短语,表示不确切数目。
This vase is worth several hundred dollars.
There had been dozens of attempts at reform.9. 表示年岁时,用“in one’s +逢十的基数词的复数”。
e.g. in his forties。
10. 表示年代时,用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,可直接加s,也可加’s。
e.g. in the 1980’s / 1980s。11.倍数:表示“一倍”once;表示“两倍”twice;表示“三倍”或“三倍以上”的倍数用times。如: 三倍 three times; 常用句型:
(1)... 数词+times+形容词(副词)比较级+than...
如:The car runs twice faster than that truck.
(2)...数词+ times+as+形容词或副词原级+as...
如:The big box is six times as heavy as the small one.
(3)...数词+ times+the+名词(size, height, weight, length, width)+of /从句.
如:The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
This street is four times the length of that one.考点二 序数词一、序数词的构成
1.序数词多数是由“基数词+th”构成。
如:six→sixth,seven→seventh
2.以y结尾的整十数词,先将y变i,再加-eth。
如:fifty→fiftieth,seventy→seventieth3.21以上的非整十的数词,将末位数(即个位数)改为序数词,其他的位数仍用基数词。
如:twenty-one→twenty-first,
thirty-two→thirty-second,
two hundred and ninety-eight
→two hundred and ninety-eighth4.少数的序数词属于特殊情况,而且这类词也常常是考点,大家要特别注意记忆。
如:one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,twelve→twelfth
【注意】fourteenth(第十四),fortieth(第四十),ninth(第九),nineteenth(第十九),ninetieth(第九十)。
基变序顺口溜基变序,有规律, 词尾加上th。
123, 特殊记, 词尾字母t,d,d;
8去t, 9去e, f来把ve替;
整十把y换ie, 若是遇到几十几,
只变个位就可以,各位牢记别忘记。
二、序数词的用法
1.表示顺序。序数词表顺序时,其前须用定冠词the,后接单数名词。
如:I'm the first one to arrive here.我是第一个到达这里的。【注意】若序数词前出现人称代词,则不加the。定语从句中先行词之前有序数词时,则关系代词只能用that。
如:Today is my thirtieth birthday.今天是我的三十岁生日。
2.用于最高级前。
如:John is the second tallest boy in our class.
约翰是我们班上第二高的男孩儿。
3.用于分数。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子为1,分母用单数;分子大于1,分母用复数。
如:one fifth五分之一,three fifths五分之三
【注意】1/4也可表示为a quarter,3/4也可表示为three quarters,1/2也可表示为a half。4.带分数的词组作句子的主语时,谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。
如:
Two fifths of the apple is eaten.这个苹果被吃了五分之二。
Two fifths of the apples are red.五分之二的苹果是红的。
5.表示数量上再增加“一”,用“a(an)+序数词+单数名词”结构。
如:She had a second child.她有了第二个孩子。考点三 其他常见数词 1、小数
小数用基数词表示,以小数点为界,小数点左侧的数字为一个单位,表示整数,数字合起来读,小数点右边的数字为一个单位,表示小数,数字分开读,小数点读point,零读o或zero,整数部分为零时,可以省略不读。如: 0.6 zero point six或 point six
10.34 ten point three four
9.06 nine point zero six2.百分数
百分数由基数词加percent表示。 不论基数词是多少,percent始终用原形。
如:0.8%, 读作zero point eight percent;
17%读作seventeen percent
0.23% 读作point two three percent练一练1.(2018·黄冈)—Dad, about _______ of our classmates wear glasses.
—Oh,that's terrible.You all should take good care of your eyes.
A.three fourth B.third fourth
C.third fourths D.three quartersD【点拨】表示分数时,分母用序数词,分子用基数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,表示四分之一用one fourth或one quarter,表示四分之三用three fourths或three quarters,故选D。2.(2018·乌鲁木齐)________people prefer HUAWEI phones, and about ________ of them are adults.
A.The number of;four-fifths
B.A number of;four-fifth
C.A number of;four-fifths
D.The number of;four-fiveC【点拨】the number of表示“……的数量”;a number of表示“许多”;分数表示法为“分子为基数词,分母为序数词;分子大于一,分母则为复数”。3.(2017·龙东)_______of the students in our class_______ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A.Two fifths; are B.Second fifths; are
C.Two fifths; isA【点拨】表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。4.(中考·东营)It's reported that nearly________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.
A.nine thousand B.nine thousands
C.nine thousand of D.nine thousands ofA【点拨】hundred,thousand,million等词与具体数字连用时用单数形式;与of连用表示概数时用复数形式。谢谢21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料?一线教师?一线教研员?
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