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八年级(下) Units 7—8
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.tour(n.& v．)→__tourist__(n.)旅行者；观光者2.deep(adj.)→__deeply__(adv.)深深地3.achieve(v.)→__achievement__(n.)成就；成绩4.keep(v.)→__keeper__(n.)饲养员；保管人5.protect(v.)→__protection__(n.)保护；保卫6.wide(adj.)→__widely__(adv.)广泛地★7.include(v.)→__including__(prep.)包括(某人/某物)在内8.succeed(v.)→__success__(n.)成功★→__successful__(adj.)成功的★→__successfully__(adv.)成功地★9.laugh(v.)→__laughter__(n.)笑；笑声10.France(n.)→__French__(n.)法语★11.amazing(adj.)→__amazed__(adj.)惊奇的12.weigh(v.)→__weight__(n.)重量★13.introduce(v.)→__introduction__(n.)介绍14.Asia(n.)→__Asian__(adj.)亚洲的；亚洲人的15.south(n.)→__southern__(adj.)南方的★16.ill(adj.)→__illness__(n.)疾病；病17.nature(n.)→__natural__(adj.)天然的★
短语归纳 1.(可以)随便(做某事) __feel________free__ 2.出生时 __at__birth__ 3.就我所知 __as______far______as______I______know__ 4.面对(问题、困难等) __in______the______face______of__ 5.即使；虽然 __even______though/if__ 6.吸入；吞入(体内) __take______in__ 7.走路时撞着 __walk__into__ 8.赶快；急忙(做某事) __hurry__up__ 9.绊倒 __fall______over__ 10.大约 __or________so__ 11.到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于 __up________to__ 12.相互 __one__another__ 13.砍倒 __cut__down__14.科幻小说(或影片等) __science__fiction__ 15.死于 __die______from__ 16.满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的 __full__of__ 17.乡村音乐 __country__music__ 18.实现我们的梦想 __achieve__our__dreams__ 19.放弃做某事；半途而废 __give______up__doing__sth.__ 20.做研究 __do__research__ 21.属于 __belong__to__ 22.在国外学习 __study__abroad__ 23.自从 __ever__since__ 24.处于危险中 __be__in__danger__
句型再现(含情景交际) 1.尼罗河长6 671千米。The Nile is __6，671__kilometers__long__.2.你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？Did you know that China is __one__of__the__oldest__countries__ in the world？3.它比其他任何一座山都高。 It's higher than __any__other__mountain.4.(谈论自然和地理)“世界上最深的咸水湖是哪一个？”“里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。”—Which is the deepest salt lake in the world？—The Caspian Sea is the deepest __of__all__the__salt__lakes__.5.中国几乎和美国一样大，是亚洲最大的国家。 China is almost __as__big__as__the US，and it is __the__biggest__country__in Asia.6.这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。 This elephant weighs __many__times__more__than__this panda.7.科学家们说如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2 000只。 Scientists say there are now fewer than 2，000 pandas __living__in__the__forests__.8.(谈论最近的事情和经历)“你读过《小妇人》吗？”“是的，我读过。/不，我没有读过。”—Have you read Little Women yet？—Yes，__I__have__./No，__I__haven't__.9.读书报告两周后必须交。The book report __is__due__in two weeks.10.听汤姆乐队的音乐是一种让人清醒的好方法。 Listening to The Toms is __a__good__way__to__wake__up__.
语法 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(详见第二编P114)2.英语中四位及四位以上数字的表达3.含有already和yet的现在完成时态(详见第一编P62)
话题 Unit 7 Facts about the world(有关世界的事实)Unit 8 Literature and music(文学和音乐)
贵阳中考重难点突破
population的用法 (教材八下P50)
【满分点拨】
population意为“人口；人口数量”，是不可数名词。
(1)对人口的数量进行提问时，常用what，而不用how much。提问人口有多少时，用“What is the population of…？”如：
What is the population of China？中国有多少人口？
(2)population作主语时，强调其中的“成员或人”时谓语动词用复数形式；强调人口的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
The population of China is the largest in the world now.现在中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
(3)population和分数、百分数一起构成短语作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：
80% of the population in China are farmers.中国百分之八十的人口是农民。
(4)有形容词修饰时，其前可用a；表示人口的“多或少” 用large或small。如：
India has a large population.印度人口众多。
( A )1.(贵阳人文信息题)—______is the population of Guiyang?
—About 4.86 million.
A．What B．How much
C．How many
( B )2.Three fifths of the population in our town ______ workers.
A．is B．are C．be
3．India has __the__second__largest__population__(第二大人口) in the world.
辨析succeed，success 与successful (教材八下P62)
【满分点拨】
单词 词性及词义 用法
succeed v.实现目标；成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
success n.成功 一般作不可数名词；作“成功的人或事”讲时，是可数名词
successful adj.成功的 常用作表语，副词为successfully
Jim succeeded in getting through the forest.吉姆成功地穿过了那片森林。
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
She is a successful businesswoman.她是一位成功的女商人。
1．(初高衔接题)The film Dying to Survive(《我不是药神》) was a big succeed．(句子改错)__success__
2．Our country is __successful__(success) in launching another communication satellite.
3．He succeeded in __winning__(win) the prize in the speaking competition.
辨析even though与as if (教材八下P51)
【满分点拨】
词组 含义 用法
even though＝even if 即使；虽然 引导让步状语从句时，even if引导的从句含有强烈的假定性；even though则多以从句的内容为前提。如：Even though he was 14 years old，he afforded the whole family.即使他才14岁，他负担起了整个家庭。(他的确是14岁) Even if it rains tomorrow，we'll go on a picnic.即使明天下雨，我们也要去野餐。(明天可能下雨)
as if＝as though 似乎；好像 ①用在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句②引导方式状语从句，多用虚拟语气表示非真实的情况
( A )1.He talked about Rome ______ he had been there himself.
A．as if B．as soon as
C．even if
( B )2.______ he's 20 years old now，he's still like a child.
A．But B．Even though
C．Because
辨析full 与fill (教材八下P58)
【满分点拨】
(1)full作形容词，意为“满的”，反义词为empty，意为“空的”；
(2)fill作动词，意为“充满”，反义词为empty，意为“倒空”；
(3)be full of “装满；充满”(强调状态)；
(4)be filled with “装满；充满”(强调动作)。
( A )1.The cup is empty.Please ______ it with water.
A．fill B．full C．feel
( C )2.I choose this school because it is ______ hope and dreams.
A．fill with B．full with C．full of
hurry的用法 (教材八下P58)
【满分点拨】
(1)作名词，意为“匆忙；急忙”，常用短语：
①in a hurry赶快；急忙
②be in a hurry to do sth.＝do sth.in a hurry匆忙做某事
(2)作动词，意为“匆忙；赶快”，常用短语：
①hurry to sp.匆忙赶去某地
②hurry to do sth.匆忙去做某事
③hurry up赶快；急忙
( A )______， or we can't get to the railway station on time.
A．Hurry up B．Pick up
C．Put up
If we're only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty，it's about 8，850 kilometers long.如果我们只谈论明朝部分的话，它大约有8 850千米长。 (教材八下P50)
【满分点拨】
长/宽/高/深……的两种表达方式：
(1)若计量表达用作表语，则用“数字＋量词(复数)＋形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”结构。对计量进行提问要用句型：How＋形容词＋be＋主语…？如：
The road is about five kilometers long，four meters wide.这条路大约五千米长，四米宽。
(2)若计量表达用作前置定语，则用复合形容词，即“数字?量词 (单数)?形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”来表达。如：
This is a 20?meter?high sculpture.这是一座20米高的雕像。
( C )(2018湘西中考)Li Wen is a normal ______ boy from the countryside.He works hard and does well in school.
A．15 years old B．15?years?old
C．15?year?old
Have you decided which book to write about yet？你已经决定要写哪本书了吗？(教材八下P60)
【满分点拨】
“have/has＋过去分词”，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，是现在完成时。already常与现在完成时的肯定句连用，而yet常与现在完成时的疑问句和否定句连用。如：
I have already studied English for ten years.我已经学英语十年了。
( C )1.(宁夏中考改编)—Look！Someone ______ the classroom.
—Well，it wasn't me.I didn't do it.
A．is cleaning B．was cleaning
C．has cleaned
2．(新信息题)你已经看过电视剧《如懿传》了吗？
__Have__you__watched__ the TV series Ruyi's Royal Love in the Palace yet?
Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何一座山峰都要高。(教材八下P49)
【满分点拨】
比较级句型：
(1)A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than any other＋单数名词＋比较范围 “A 比其他任何一个都要更……”
(2)A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than the other＋复数名词＋比较范围“A比其他所有的都要更……”
以上两个句型是使用比较级表达最高级的用法，可以与最高级互换。如：
Tom is taller than any other student in my class.＝Tom is taller than the other students in my class.＝Tom is the tallest student in my class.汤姆比班上其他同学都高。
【温馨提示】
在比较级结构中any other 和any 所表达的比较范围不同。被比较对象A属于比较范围时，使用句型(1)和(2)来表达； 如果A 不属于比较范围，则需要使用any。如：
China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大(中国不属于非洲，所以不能加other )
( A )1.The Yangtze River is longer than ______ river in China.
A．any other B．the other C．other
( C )2.—Everyone knows China is the biggest country in Asia.
—That is，it's bigger than ______ countries in Asia.
A．any B．any other C．the other
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。(教材八下P53)
【满分点拨】
many times more than 意为“比……多很多倍”，是倍数的表达方式之一。其他倍数的表达方式：
(1)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than＋B.“A是B……的多少倍”。如：
This rope is twice longer than that one.这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍。
(2)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＋B.“A是B 的多少倍……”。如：
His father is twice as tall as him.他父亲的身高是他的两倍。
(3)A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋the height/weight/length…＋of＋B.“A 的高度/重量/长度……是B 的多少倍”。如：
His father is twice the height of him.他父亲的身高是他的两倍。
( B )Our new school is ______ the old one.
A．as three times big as
B．three times as big as
C．bigger three times than
随堂知识巩固
一、单项选择。
( C )1.(2018德阳中考改编)China has______ population in the world.
A．big B．the bigger
C．the biggest
( C )2.(2018天津中考改编)Her smile made me feel warm and lively.It was like a hidden______.
A．competition B．interview
C．treasure
( C )3.(2018云南中考改编)—What do you think of your junior high school life?
—I think it is one of ______ periods in my life.
A．wonderful B．more wonderful
C．the most wonderful
( A )4.(2018连云港中考改编)—Have you heard about Zhangjiajie Glass Footbridge？【考点?】
—Of course，it's built over a ______ canyon in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
A．300?meter?deep B．300?meters?deep
C．300 meter deep
( B )5.The scenery in Hangzhou is beautiful，so every year ______ tourists come here.
A．two million of B．millions of
C．million of
( B )6.(2019预测)—Have you finished your homework ______？【考点?】
—Not ______.I need more time.
A．already；already B．yet；yet
C．already；yet
( C )7.(2018福建中考B卷)Blue whales are ______.We should try to protect them.
A．in time B．in public
C．in danger
( C )8.My friend Jack succeeded ______ to the top of the mountain.【考点?】
A．to climbing B．climb
C．in climbing
( B )9.(贵阳背景特色题)—The town of Longchang______ a lot in the past five years.
—That's true.It's becoming more and more beautiful.
A．changed B．has changed
C．is changing
( B )10.(贵州背景特色题)The tour ______ a visit to Red Maple Lake(红枫湖)．
A．include B．includes
C．including
二、根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。(对应P60“短语归纳”)
at birth fall over full of take in one another
1．Don't run so fast，or you will __fall__over__ and hurt your legs.
2．A baby panda is about 15 cm long __at__birth__．
3．Mary is so young that she can't carry the box which is__full__of____books.
4．The village is a good place for people to __take__in__ fresh air.
5．The children are chasing(追逐) __one__another__ on the playground.
请完成精练本第23～24页作业
1.tour(n.& v．)→__tourist__(n.)旅行者；观光者
2.deep(adj.)→__deeply__(adv.)深深地
3.achieve(v.)→__achievement__(n.)成就；成绩
4.keep(v.)→__keeper__(n.)饲养员；保管人
5.protect(v.)→__protection__(n.)保护；保卫
6.wide(adj.)→__widely__(adv.)广泛地★
7.include(v.)→__including__(prep.)包括(某人/某物)在内
8.succeed(v.)→__success__(n.)成功★
→__successful__(adj.)成功的★
→__successfully__(adv.)成功地★
9.laugh(v.)→__laughter__(n.)笑；笑声
10.France(n.)→__French__(n.)法语★
11.amazing(adj.)→__amazed__(adj.)惊奇的
12.weigh(v.)→__weight__(n.)重量★
13.introduce(v.)→__introduction__(n.)介绍
14.Asia(n.)→__Asian__(adj.)亚洲的；亚洲人的
15.south(n.)→__southern__(adj.)南方的★
16.ill(adj.)→__illness__(n.)疾病；病
17.nature(n.)→__natural__(adj.)天然的★
1.(可以)随便(做某事) feel__free__
2.出生时 _at__birth__
3.就我所知_as_far__as__I__know__
4.面对(问题、困难等) _in__the_face___of__
5.即使；虽然 _even__though/if__
6.吸入；吞入(体内) take__in__
7.走路时撞着_walk_into__
8.赶快；急忙(做某事)hurry__up__
9.绊倒 fall__over__
10.大约_or_so__
11.到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于 __up__to__
12.相互 _one__another__
13.砍倒_cut__down__
14.科幻小说(或影片等) _science__fiction__
15.死于 _die__from__
16.满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的 _full__of__
17.乡村音乐 _country__music__
18.实现我们的梦想 achieve__our__dreams__
19.放弃做某事；半途而废 give__up__doing__sth.__
20.做研究 _do__research__
21.属于 belong__to__
22.在国外学习 _study__abroad__
23.自从 _ever__since__
24.处于危险中 be__in__danger__
1.尼罗河长6 671千米。
The Nile is __6，671__kilometers__long__.
2.你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？
Did you know that China is __one__of__the__oldest__countries__ in the world？
3.它比其他任何一座山都高。
It's higher than __any__other__mountain.
4.(谈论自然和地理)“世界上最深的咸水湖是哪一个？”“里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。”
—Which is the deepest salt lake in the world？
—The Caspian Sea is the deepest __of__all__the__salt__lakes__.
5.中国几乎和美国一样大，是亚洲最大的国家。
China is almost __as__big__as__the US，and it is __the__biggest__country__in Asia.
6.这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
This elephant weighs __many__times__more__than__this panda.
7.科学家们说如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2 000只。
Scientists say there are now fewer than 2，000 pandas __living__in__the__forests__.
8.(谈论最近的事情和经历)“你读过《小妇人》吗？”“是的，我读过。/不，我没有读过。”
—Have you read Little Women yet？
—Yes，__I__have__./No，__I__haven't__.
9.读书报告两周后必须交。
The book report __is__due__in two weeks.
10.听汤姆乐队的音乐是一种让人清醒的好方法。
Listening to The Toms is __a__good__way__to__wake__up__.
1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(详见第二编P114)
2.英语中四位及四位以上数字的表达
3.含有already和yet的现在完成时态(详见第一编P62)
Unit 7 Facts about the world(有关世界的事实)
Unit 8 Literature and music(文学和音乐)
词组 含义 用法
even though＝even if 即使；
虽然 引导让步状语从句时，even if引导的从句含有强烈的假定性；even though则多以从句的内容为前提。如：
Even though he was 14 years old，he afforded the whole family.即使他才14岁，他负担起了整个家庭。(他的确是14岁) Even if it rains tomorrow，we'll go on a picnic.即使明天下雨，我们也要去野餐。(明天可能下雨)
as if＝as though 似乎；
好像 ①用在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句
②引导方式状语从句，多用虚拟语气表示非真实的情况
第 3 页 共 3 页
组合训练十二 八年级(下) Units 7—8
一、(来源于21世纪英文报)情景交际。
补全对话。根据对话内容,选择方框内最佳选项完成对话。
A：Hi,Linda.Have you seen the movie Coco(《寻梦环游记》)?
B：No,I haven't seen it yet.What do you think of it?
A：1.__E__
B：I heard it's a touching movie and many people cried while watching it.2.__A__
A：Lee Unkrich—the famous director of Toy Story Ⅱ and Toy Story Ⅲ.
B：3.__C__ What can we learn from Coco?
A：I think we can learn to forgive(原谅) those who hurt us.And I also realize that “death” can also mean “love”.
B：Really？4.__F__
A：Death is a reflection of life.Have you heard about the Mexican Day of the Dead(亡灵节)?
B：Yes.5.__D__ I think it's really scary.
A：Not really! Lee made the dead look cute by using different colors.You'd better go and watch it.
B：I will.
A.Who is the director?
B.We should treat others well.
C.I like them very much.
D.That day,Mexican families will have a meal to honor their dead relatives.
E.I think it's fantastic.
F.What does it mean?
二、(2017贵阳中考)完形填空。
When I'm in trouble,I always take out a book and read quietly.I put my heart into it so that I can forget all the __1__ things.I have developed a habit of reading in this way.
When I was a little boy,I was interested in comic books and storybooks.When I grew older and went to a middle school,I began to read novels,plays,essays and so on.I found I could get __2__ from them.Little by little,I took a great interest in literature and last term I __3__ the first prize in the composition contest among high school students in our city.
Reading The Emperor's New Clothes makes me __4__ a lot because of the emperor's silly and funny behavior.The Little Match Girl makes me feel __5__ because she lives a hard life.Robison Crusoe takes me into a strange world full of danger.My favorite book is The Story of My Life because I'm deeply __6__ by Helen Keller's spirit of being strong and never giving up.Besides these,books also tell me other things—how to be a brave man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong.In a word,good books can let me know __7__ I didn't know before.So I think good books are just like my best friends.
( A )1.A.unhappy B.wonderful C.interesting
( B )2.A.any B.much C.many
( C )3.A.lost B.did C.won
( B )4.A.believe B.laugh C.cry
( A )5.A.sad B.sleepy C.tired
( B )6.A.expected B.moved C.loved
( C )7.A.that B.which C.what
三、(2019预测)阅读理解。
Do you know why different animals or pests have their special colors？Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.
Some birds like eating locusts(蝗虫),but birds cannot easily catch them.Why？Because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops.When crops are green,locusts look green.But as the harvest time comes,locusts change to the same brown color as crops have.Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others.So they have to hide themselves for their lives and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life,you'll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves.Bears,lions and other animals move quietly through forests.They cannot be easily seen by hunters.This is because they have the colors much like the trees.
Have you ever noticed an even stranger act？A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid(液体) when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开),its enemies(敌人) cannot find it.And it immediately swims away.So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
( C )1.From the passage we learn that locusts______.
A.are big animals
B.are easily found by birds
C.change their colors to protect themselves
( C )2.How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?
A.They run away quickly.
B.They have the colors much like their enemies.
C.They hide themselves by day and appear at night.
( A )3.Bears and lions can keep safe because ______.
A.they have the colors much like the trees
B.they are too strong
C.they like brown and gray colors
( B )4.Why can the kind of fish live up to now?
A.Because it is very strong.
B.Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies.
C.Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.
( C )5.Which is the best title for this passage?
A.The Change of Colors for Animals and Pests
B.Colors of Different Animals and Pests
C.The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests
四、基础知识与运用。
根据语境或句意,用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.The music can give me a feeling of __excitement__(excite) when I feel sad.
2.Qomolangma is the __highest__(high) mountain in the world.
3.I want to know the boy over there.Can you __introduce__(introduction) him to me?
4.There are ten people in this office,__including__(include) me.
5.This book is as __interesting__(interest) as that one.
五、(2019预测)书面表达。
随着经济的发展,越来越多的人选择在空闲之余外出旅游。他们在放松自我的同时不禁对祖国的魅力河山赞叹不已。近日,你参加了学校组织的“泰山一日游”活动,请根据下列写作要求,完成A、B两部分的写作任务。
A.请分别用一个完整的句子回答下列五个问题：
1.When did you visit Mount Tai?
__I__visited__Mount__Tai__last__Saturday.__
2.What was the weather like that day?
__It__was__fine.__
3.How did you go there?
__I__went__there__by__bus.__
4.What did you see at the top of the mountain?
__I__saw__the__beautiful__rising__sun.__
5.How did you feel about the trip?
__I__felt__tired__but__excited.__
B.假如你是王芳,请你用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文,记录下这次难忘的旅行。要点如下：
1.包含A部分所有信息；
2.简要说明泰山的地理位置；
3.文中不得出现真实的个人信息。
Mount Tai is in the center of Shandong Province.Many visitors all over the world visit it every year.
Last Saturday we had a school trip.We went to Mount Tai,one of the tallest mountains in China.We arrived there at about 5：00 a.m. by bus.As soon as I got out of the bus,I couldn't wait to climb up the mountain.Luckily,the weather was so fine.Along the path I enjoyed lots of beautiful sights,such as the sea of clouds and strange rocks.When I arrived at the top of the mountain,the sun was just rising.I enjoyed the beautiful rising sun with other classmates.I was tired but excited.I hope to visit Mount Tai again next year!
