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八年级(下) Units 9—10
中考基础知识梳理
类别 课标考点要求
词汇攻关 1.believe(v.)→__believable__(adj.)可信的→__unbelievable__(adj.的反义词)难以置信的；不真实的2.usual(adj.)→__usually__(adv.)通常地→__unusual__(反义词)特别的；不寻常的★3.rapid(adj.)→__rapidly__(adv.)迅速地；快速地4.society(n.)→__social__(adj.)社会的★5.peace(n.)→__peaceful__(adj.)和平的；安宁的6.collect(v.)→__collection__(n.)收集；收藏品★7.German(adj.& n．)→__Germany__(n.)德国→__Germans__(pl.)德国人8.invent(v.)→__inventor__(n.)发明家；发明者→__invention__(n.)发明；发明物★9.encourage(v.)→__encouragement__(n.)鼓励10.it(pron.)→__itself__(反身代词)它自己11.amuse(v.)→__amusement__(n.)娱乐；游戏12.perform(v.)→__performance__(n.)表演；演出13.make(v.)→__maker__(n.)生产者；制订者14.scarf(n.)→__scarves/scarfs__(pl.)围巾；披巾；头巾15.own(v.)→__owner__(n.)物主；主人16.true(adj.)→__truth__(n.)实情；事实→__truthful__(adj.)诚实的；真实的17.honest(adj.)→__honesty__(n.)诚实；正直→__dishonest__(反义词)不诚实的18.child(n.)→__children__(pl.)孩子们★→__childhood__(n.)童年；幼年
短语归纳 1.搭起 __put__up__2.两个；一对；几个_a__couple__of__ 3.茶艺__tea__art__ 4.茶具_tea__set__ 5.度假_take__a__holiday__6.全年_all__year__round__7.几乎；接近_close__to____ 8.远离_be__far__from__ 9.数以千计的；许许多多的__thousands__of__ 10.四分之三__three__quarters__ 11.一方面……另一方面…… _on__the__one__hand…on__the__other__hand…__12.庭院拍卖会_yard__sale______13.察看；观察_check__out______14.不再；不复_no__longer__15.至于；关于_as__for______16.放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)_part__with__17.说实在的_to__be__honest__18.清理；丢掉_clear__out_19.依据；按照_according__to__20.面包机_bread__maker__21.软体玩具；布绒玩具_soft__toy__22.棋类游戏_board__game__23.初级中学_junior__high__school__
句型再现( 含情景交际) 1.(谈论过去的经历)“你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？”“是的，我去过。”—__Have__you__ever__been__to__a science museum？—Yes，__I__have__.2.(谈论过去的经历)“我从来没去过水上公园。”“我也没去过。”—__I've__never__been__to__a water park.—__Me__neither__.3.茶艺表演展示了如何用精美的茶具冲泡一杯完美的茶。 The tea art performances show_how__to__make__a perfect cup of tea __with__beautiful__tea__sets__.4.当我看到这么多不同种类的坐便器时，我几乎无法相信自己的眼睛。 I just couldn't believe my eyes when I saw __so__many__different__kinds__of__toilets there.5.……你可以毫不费劲地找到米饭、面条或饺子。 …you won't __have__any__problem__getting__rice，noodles or dumplings.6.许多动物只在晚上是醒着的，所以这是观赏它们的最佳时间。 A lot of animals only wake up at night，so _this__is__the__best__time__to watch them.7.(谈论物品所属和周围的事物)“你拥有那边的那辆自行车多长时间了？”“我拥有它三年了。”—__How__long__have__you__had__that bike over there？—__I've__had__it for three years.8.我们决定每人出售五件自己不再使用的东西。 We have decided to each sell five things _that__we__no__longer__use__.9.自从他四岁生日那天开始，他就拥有一套火车和轨道玩具。He has owned a train and railway set _since__his__fourth__birthday__.10.许多人就如钟伟一样，以极大的兴趣关注着自己家乡的变化。 Many people like Zhong Wei regard _with__great__interest__ how their hometowns have changed.
语法 1.含有been，ever和never的现在完成时(详见第二编P129)2.含有since和for的现在完成时(详见第一编P65)
话题 Unit 9 Fun places(有趣的地方)Unit 10 Living environment(生活环境)
贵阳中考重难点突破
辨析invent，discover与create (教材八下P67)
【满分点拨】
词汇 用法 例句
invent 意为“发明，创造”，指通过研究和实验发明出前所未有的产品或装置 Can you tell me who invented the telephone？你能告诉我谁发明了电话吗？
discover 意为“发现；发觉”，表示发现过去就存在但尚未被人发现或知晓的地点、事物等，名词形式是discovery The boy discovered a secret drawer in his father's old desk.男孩在他爸爸的旧桌子里发现了一个神秘的抽屉。
create 意为“创作，创造”，指从无到有地创作或创造出原本不存在的东西，如艺术作品、理论等 Ge You created a number of wonderful characters in his plays.葛优在他的剧中塑造了很多精彩的角色。
( C )1.(人文信息题)Guiyang government plans to ______ more jobs for young people.
A．discover B．invent C．create
( A )2.(2018武汉中考改编)—Who ______ the computer?
—Sorry，I've no idea.But it has changed the world greatly.
A．invented B．discovered
C．made
( B )3.(原创题)We ______ this beach while we were sailing around this island.
A．created B．discovered
C．invented
encourage的用法 (教材八下P67)
【满分点拨】
常用短语：
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
encourage sb.in sth.在某方面鼓励某人
( B )1.(新信息题)The TV show Super Mom(《妈妈是超人》) encourages all mothers______ closer to their children and care for them.
A．get B．to get C．to getting
( C )2.(2018长春中考改编)We Chinese ______ by the touching documentary Amazing China.
A．encourage B．encourages
C．are encouraged
辨析since与for (教材八下P74)
【满分点拨】
since “自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用。
since 的特殊句型： It is/has been＋时间段＋since＋从句．“从……以来已经有多长时间了。”如：
It is/has been 3 months since I left Shanghai.我离开上海已经有三个月的时间了。
词汇 词性 用法 例句
since 介词 since＋过去的时间点 Jerry has kept this book since Wednesday.从周三开始杰里就借到了这本书。
连词 since＋从句(从句中动词用过去式) I haven't seen you since I met you 10 years ago.自从十年前我见过你以后就再也没见过你。
for 介词 for＋时间段 Helen has been in this city for 25 years.海伦在这个城市已经25年了。
【温馨提示】
当句中有“for＋一段时间”或“since＋时间点”等时，句子谓语动词必须是延续性动词；若是非延续性动词要改为延续性动词或表示状态的词(短语)。如：
His brother has been a soldier for two years.＝His brother has been a soldier since two years ago.他哥哥参军两年了。
1．(新信息题)The program Running Man Season I has been on since 2014.(改为同义句)
The program Running Man Season I has been on__for__ four years.
( B )2.(2018黔南中考改编)Jack has learned more about teamwork(团队合作) ______ he joined the soccer team.
A．until B．since C．while
( C )3.(2017扬州中考改编)—You have a nice car.
—Thank you.I ______ it for less than one month.
A．bought B．have bought
C．have had
consider的用法 (教材八下P79)
【满分点拨】
词义 用法 例句
考虑 consider＋名词/代词/动名词 We're considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。
consider＋疑问词＋不定式 He was considering what to do next.他在考虑下一步做什么。
consider＋从句 Jim is considering how he should answer the question.吉姆在考虑应当如何回答这个问题。
认为 consider＋sb./sth.＋(as＋)名词 She considers herself (as) an expert on the subject.她认为自己是这门学科的专家。
consider＋sb./sth.＋(to be＋)形容词 Do you consider him (to be) honest？你认为他诚实吗？
consider＋it＋形容词＋不定式 We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很难。
consider＋(that)从句 They consider (that) the hard time will soon be over.他们认为困难时期即将过去。
注：consider作“考虑”讲时，可用于进行时；作“认为”讲时，一般不用于进行时。
( C )1.(2019预测)—Have you considered ______ the job as a teacher?
—Yes.I like it because a teacher is often considered as a gardener.
A．take B．to take C．taking
( A )2.—What are they doing now?
—They are considering ______ get to Guiyang the most quickly.
A．how to B．what to C．why to
3．(初高衔接题)Both of us consider it bored to watch TV at home.(句子改错)____boring__
Have you ever been to the space museum？你曾去过太空博物馆吗？(教材八下P65)
【满分点拨】
辨析have gone to，have been to与have been in
have gone to?“到某地去了”，
人不在说话现场
have been to?“曾去过某地”，强调往返
的经历，已经回来
have been in?“在某地待了多久”，强调过去
到现在一直待在某地
【温馨提示】
当have/has been to和have/has gone to后跟某些地点副词，如here，there和home等时，介词to要省略。
( C )1.(2018扬州中考改编)—When will your sister go to England?
—She ______ London since four months ago.
A．went to B．has been to
C．has been in
( B )2.(贵阳背景特色题)—Have you ever ______ National Urban Wetland Park of Huaxi，Guiyang?
—No，I haven't.I hope I can go there one day.
A．gone to B．been to C．been in
( A )3.(2019预测)—Where are Bob and Peter？I can't find them anywhere.
—Oh，they ______ the Guiyang Railway Station to pick up a friend.
A．have gone to B．have been to
C．have been in
Me neither.我也没有。(教材八下P68)
【满分点拨】
Me neither.意为 “我也没有。”是倒装句 “Neither/Nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋与前句不同的主语” 的缩略式。用于后一句所述情况与前一句陈述的否定情况相同，即“甲不怎样，乙也不怎样”。如：
She doesn't like playing basketball，neither do I．＝She doesn't like playing basketball，me neither.她不喜欢打篮球，我也不喜欢。
【温馨提示】
倒装句中的系动词/助动词/情态动词及时态必须与前面陈述句中的系动词/助动词/情态动词保持一致；动词的数要和主语保持一致。
【归纳拓展】
句型① Neither/Nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋与前句不同的主语．某人也不是如此。
句型② So ＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋与前句不同的主语．某人也是如此。
句型③ So＋与前句相同的主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词．某人的确如此。
( B )1.(新信息题)—I don't like the movie Dream Breaker(《破梦游戏》)．
—______．
A．So do I B．Me neither
C．Also I do
( A )2.(2017 黔东南中考改编)—Sandy likes English best.She reads the texts every day.
—______．
A．So does Jim B．So Jim does
C．So is Jim
随堂知识巩固
单项选择。
( B )1.(2018北部湾中考改编)—Is this your camera？【考点?】
—Yes，I ______ it for two weeks.
A．bought B．have had
C．have bought
( A )2.(2018哈尔滨中考)—I'm considering ______ abroad for further study，but I haven't decided yet.【考点?】
—You'd better ask your English teacher for some advice.
A．going B．to go C．go
( C )3.(2018玉林适应性考试改编)—Do you know that man?
—Yes，he is my uncle.He ______ the Army in 2008 and he ______ in the army since then.
A．joined；is B．has joined；has been
C．joined；has been
( A )4.(2018宜昌中考改编)—It has been much easier for me to go to work______ shared bikes appeared.【考点?】
—But they also caused plenty of problems.
A．since B．before C．unless
( A )5.(2018凉山州中考改编)—Paris is a wonderful place.【考点?】
—So it is.I ______ there twice.
A．have been B．have gone C．went
( A )6.(2018海南中考)David likes taking photos，so his father bought him a______ last week.
A．camera B．dictionary C．bicycle
( C )7.(2018河池中考改编)There are about three ______ students in our school.
A．thousands B．thousands of
C．thousand
( A )8.(2018潍坊中考改编)You will still miss the flight______ you catch a Didi car.
A．even if B．as if C．until
( B )9.(2017黔东南中考改编)Your mother is very busy.She hardly does morning exercises，______？
A．isn't she B．does she C．doesn't she
( C )10.Our class are going to have an after?graduation trip(毕业旅行)．If you don't go，______．【考点?】
A．so do I B．neither do I
C．neither will I
( A )11.On the one hand，I have to study for the test.On ______ hand，I want to see a movie.
A．the other B．another C．others
请完成精练本第25～26页作业
1.believe(v.)→__believable__(adj.)可信的
→__unbelievable__(adj.的反义词)难以置信的；不真实的
2.usual(adj.)→__usually__(adv.)通常地
→__unusual__(反义词)特别的；不寻常的★
3.rapid(adj.)→__rapidly__(adv.)迅速地；快速地
4.society(n.)→__social__(adj.)社会的★
5.peace(n.)→__peaceful__(adj.)和平的；安宁的
6.collect(v.)→__collection__(n.)收集；收藏品★
7.German(adj.& n．)→__Germany__(n.)德国
→__Germans__(pl.)德国人
8.invent(v.)→__inventor__(n.)发明家；发明者
→__invention__(n.)发明；发明物★
9.encourage(v.)→__encouragement__(n.)鼓励
10.it(pron.)→__itself__(反身代词)它自己
11.amuse(v.)→__amusement__(n.)娱乐；游戏
12.perform(v.)→__performance__(n.)表演；演出
13.make(v.)→__maker__(n.)生产者；制订者
14.scarf(n.)→__scarves/scarfs__(pl.)围巾；披巾；头巾
15.own(v.)→__owner__(n.)物主；主人
16.true(adj.)→__truth__(n.)实情；事实
→__truthful__(adj.)诚实的；真实的
17.honest(adj.)→__honesty__(n.)诚实；正直
→__dishonest__(反义词)不诚实的
18.child(n.)→__children__(pl.)孩子们★
→__childhood__(n.)童年；幼年
1.搭起 __put__up__
2.两个；一对；几个_a__couple__of__
3.茶艺__tea__art__
4.茶具_tea__set__
5.度假_take__a__holiday__
6.全年_all__year__round__
7.几乎；接近_close__to____
8.远离_be__far__from__
9.数以千计的；许许多多的__thousands__of__
10.四分之三__three__quarters__
11.一方面……另一方面…… _on__the__one__hand…on__the__other__hand…__
12.庭院拍卖会_yard__sale______
13.察看；观察_check__out______
14.不再；不复_no__longer__
15.至于；关于_as__for______
16.放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)_part__with__
17.说实在的_to__be__honest__
18.清理；丢掉_clear__out_
19.依据；按照_according__to__
20.面包机_bread__maker__
21.软体玩具；布绒玩具_soft__toy__
22.棋类游戏_board__game__
23.初级中学_junior__high__school__
1.(谈论过去的经历)“你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？”“是的，我去过。”
—__Have__you__ever__been__to__a science museum？
—Yes，__I__have__.
2.(谈论过去的经历)“我从来没去过水上公园。”“我也没去过。”
—__I've__never__been__to__a water park.
—__Me__neither__.
3.茶艺表演展示了如何用精美的茶具冲泡一杯完美的茶。
The tea art performances show_how__to__make__a perfect cup of tea __with__beautiful__tea__sets__.
4.当我看到这么多不同种类的坐便器时，我几乎无法相信自己的眼睛。
I just couldn't believe my eyes when I saw __so__many__different__kinds__of__toilets there.
5.……你可以毫不费劲地找到米饭、面条或饺子。
…you won't _have__any__problem__getting__rice，noodles or dumplings.
6.许多动物只在晚上是醒着的，所以这是观赏它们的最佳时间。
A lot of animals only wake up at night，so _this__is__the__best__time__to watch them.
7.(谈论物品所属和周围的事物)“你拥有那边的那辆自行车多长时间了？”“我拥有它三年了。”
—__How__long__have__you__had__that bike over there？
—__I've__had__it for three years.
8.我们决定每人出售五件自己不再使用的东西。
We have decided to each sell five things _that__we__no__longer__use__.
9.自从他四岁生日那天开始，他就拥有一套火车和轨道玩具。
He has owned a train and railway set _since__his__fourth__birthday__.
10.许多人就如钟伟一样，以极大的兴趣关注着自己家乡的变化。
Many people like Zhong Wei regard _with__great__interest__ how their hometowns have changed.
1.含有been，ever和never的现在完成时(详见第二编P129)
2.含有since和for的现在完成时(详见第一编P65)
Unit 9 Fun places(有趣的地方)
Unit 10 Living environment(生活环境)
词义 用法 例句
认为 consider＋sb./sth.＋(as＋)名词 She considers herself (as) an expert on the subject.她认为自己是这门学科的专家。
consider＋sb./sth.＋(to be＋)形容词 Do you consider him (to be) honest？你认为他诚实吗？
consider＋it＋形容词＋不定式 We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很难。
consider＋(that)从句 They consider (that) the hard time will soon be over.他们认为困难时期即将过去。
注：consider作“考虑”讲时，可用于进行时；作“认为”讲时，一般不用于进行时。
第 3 页 共 3 页
组合训练十三 八年级(下) Units 9—10
一、(来源于教材)情景交际。
选出各句的最佳应答。
( A )1.How are we going to get there?
( C )2.I've never been to a water park.
( B )3.Have you visited the Palace Museum?
( D )4.What were you doing when it began to rain?
( E )5.How long have you had that bike?
A.By taxi.
B.Yes,I have.
C.Me neither.
D.I was waiting for a bus.
E.For three years.
F.It's really good.
二、(2015贵阳中考,八下Unit 10)完形填空。
Nowadays,millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.They usually go back to __1__ once or twice a year.Zhong Wei is one of them.
Zhong Wei has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years.With a hard job in a crayon factory,he is too busy to find __2__ to visit his hometown.
Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest __3__ their hometowns have changed.Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared.In many places,the government has also built __4__ and sent teachers from the cities to help.
Zhong Wei thinks such developments are very good,and these changes will take place in his hometown because some things need to change in order to become __5__.
He also thinks,among all the changes,some things are __6__ to change,such as the soft and sweet memories of the hometown in people's hearts.That is why people try to find time to go back to visit their hometowns though they are very busy.
( B )1.A.the beautiful places B.their hometowns C.the big cities
( A )2.A.much time B.much money C.much food
( C )3.A.while B.which C.how
( B )4.A.tall buildings B.new schools C.big factories
( B )5.A.older B.better C.worse
( A )6.A.difficult B.possible C.necessary
三、阅读理解。
Traveling has always been a good way to relax.But this is not true for Xiao Lin(not her real name).
In November,Xiao Lin took a trip to Lijiang,a tourist city in Yunnan Province,and had dinner at a restaurant.She had a fight with a group of local people because they made a joke about her while she was eating.Later,they beat her heavily and her face was injured badly,reported CCTV.
This made the public very angry.In fact,she is not the first person to be injured at famous scenic spots(景区) in China.Last month,the National Tourism Administration(国家旅游局) gave serious warnings to three national 5A scenic spots.It also asked them to change and improve in six months.
The three spots are the Old Town of Lijiang,Jingpo Lake in Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang,and Laohutan Ocean Park in Dalian,Liaoning.According to People's Daily,the three spots received the most complaints(投诉) from visitors during this Spring Festival.
“We're sorry for our bad work.” the Old Town of Lijiang government wrote on its Sina Weibo account,“We are open to tourists' suggestions,and will make things right.”
If the three spots don't correct themselves in six months,the National Tourism Administration will remove them from the 5A scenic spot list,reported Guangming Daily.
“I'm glad to hear that the spots will improve themselves.” said a Sina Weibo user,who once went to Lijiang but had a bad experience there,“I hope they will change into better ones.”
( C )1.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.Why a girl took a trip to Lijiang.
B.Traveling is not always relaxing.
C.A girl had a bad experience in Lijiang.
( B )2.How soon should the three scenic spots improve their service?
A.In three months.
B.In six months.
C.In a year.
( A )3.Why were the three scenic spots given warnings?
A. Because they got the most complaints from visitors.
B.Because they were the most visited spots in China.
C.Because a lot of people got injured in these three spots.
( C )4.What will happen if the three spots don't improve themselves?
A.They will be closed forever.
B.The public will refuse to go there.
C.They will not be on the 5A scenic spot list.
( A )5.Which is the best title for this passage?
A.Tourist Spots Warned
B.Scenic Spots in Danger
C.Travelers Injured in Lijiang
四、基础知识与运用。
根据语境或句意,用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.It's __unbelievable__(believable) that he made such mistakes.
2.There are four __foxes__(fox) in the cage.
3.Edison __invented__(invent) the light bulb many years ago.
4.Bill has __gone__(go) to Chengdu.He will be back in three weeks.
5.Nowadays,traffic jam has become one of the most serious __social__(society) problems.
五、(2019预测)书面表达。
2019年是中国改革开放41周年。在41年里,中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。假如你所在的学校正在征集关于“我家乡的变化”的话题作文活动,请根据下列写作要求,完成A、B两部分的写作任务。
A.请分别用一个完整的句子回答下列五个问题：
1.When did you leave your hometown?
__I__left__my__hometown__at__a__very__young__age.__
2.What did your hometown use to be?
__It__used__to__be__a__quiet__place.__
3.What kind of houses did people live in the past 41 years?
__They__lived__in__old__and__small__houses.__
4.How do people go from one place to another now?
__They__drive__their__cars.__
5.How will your hometown become in the future?
__It__will__become__more__and__more__beautiful.__
B.假如你是李梅,请根据你家乡的变化写一封不少于80词的信,给此次活动投稿,要点如下：
1.包含A部分所有信息；
2.描述家乡的变化时要运用对比；
3.文中不得出现真实的个人信息。
Changes__in__My__Hometown__
My hometown has changed a lot in the past 41 years.
I left my hometown at a very young age.Now I live in Wuxi.Last Sunday I went back to my hometown.I was shocked at what I saw.It used to be a quiet place.Most people went to school or work on foot.People lived in old and small houses.However,with the effort of the govern?ment,my hometown has changed a lot recently.Many people have their own cars.It's faster and easier for people to go from one place to another.And their houses are big and bright.
I hope my hometown will become more and more beautiful in the future.
