Unit2 Body language
Grammar动名词同步练习
一、单选。
1. All my classmates are busy _______ ready for the PE test.【2018海淀一模】
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
2. She enjoys ______ to music. It’s relaxing. 【2018怀柔一模】
A. listen B. listened C. listening D. to listen
3. I’ll take a walk with my sister after I finish _______ the floor. 【2018朝阳二模】
A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. to clean
4. --Do you mind _______ the window? It’ s so hot today.
--Of course not. 【2018房山一模】
A. open B. to open C. opened D. opening
5.The refrigerator is used for_______ food and vegetables fresh.【2018顺义一模】
A. keep B. keeping C. kept D. keeps
6.--Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games? --For your health, my boy. 【2018湖北孝感】
A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing
7.When I stepped into the classroom, I saw the teacher _________ out the test papers. 【2018顺义一模】
A. hands B. handed C. to hand D. handing
8.It’s a nice day. What about ________ our dog after supper? 【2018大兴一模】
A. to walk B. walked C. walk D. walking
9.I spent a lot of time _________ English last weekend. 【2018邵阳】
A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking
10.--Would you mind ______ in the dining hall? --Of course not. 【2018四川宜宾】
A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.______(hear) the bad news made him cry.? ?
2.I am looking forward to _________ (meet) him again.
3.In order to learn English well, you need to practice _______( speak) English more and more.
4.She stopped _______ (talk) with me when she saw me.
5.I usually forgot_______(close) the door, but I remembered_______(close) it just now.
6.Why not try_______(do) it in another way?
7.______ (nod) is a kind of body language.
8.I regret ________（tell）you that he can’t come.
9.Seeing their teacher _______(walk) into the classroom, they stopped _______(talk) at once.
10. ________(speak) English well, one must have a lot of practice.
三、完成句子。
1. 多好的天啊！咱们去散步吧。
What a nice day! _____________________ for a walk？
2.你在课余时间喜欢读书吗？【2018北京中考】
Do you _______________ in your spare time?
我每天坚持跑步，所以身体很好。【2018朝阳一模】
I _____________________________every day, so I am good in health.
我对打篮球很感兴趣。
I’m really _____________________________basketball.
在太阳下看书对眼睛有伤害。
___________________________our eyes.
Unit2 Body language
Grammar动名词同步练习答案
一、CCBDB DDDCB
二、1.Hearing 2.meeting 3.speaking 4.to talk 5.to close closing 6.doing 7.Nodding 8.to tell 9.walking talking 10.To speak
课件30张PPT。牛津深圳版 八年级下Module1 Social communication
Unit 2 Body languageGrammar动名词Let's watch the video and learn about Gerund. Warming-up动名词和不定式一样，是一种非谓语动词。
非谓语动词：在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(它不受人称和数的限制),包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）动名词（Gerund）的构成：
动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特点。
动名词和现在分词区别:
动名词它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。例如：
Speaking in the public,he will surely be very cheerful .
（现在分词短语，作状语）他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。
She hates speaking in the public.
（动名词短语，作宾语）她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。V-ing构成规律:
1. 直接在动词词尾加-ing
2.以不发音的－e结尾的动词去e+ing
3.重读闭音节结尾的多音节，末尾只有一个辅音时,辅音字母须双写再+ing
4.少数几个以－ie结尾的单音节动词，须变i为y，再加ing如：work ______ smile_____
sit_____ die_____
wait_______ write______
plan____ tie_____
sleep______ move_____
travel______ lie______
run______ see______ planning tying sleeping moving traveling lying working smiling sitting dying waiting writingrunning seeing英语重读闭音节就是闭音节中为重读音节的音节，重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，而是发短元音。动名词的句法功能:
动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。动名词加相关词语(宾语或状语等)构成动名词短语。
如：
吃太多对你的健康有害。________________________________
我非常喜欢打篮球。________________________________
邮票是用来寄信的。________________________________
他的爱好是收集邮票。________________________________
她在阅览室里。________________________________ Eating too much is bad for your health.I like playing basketball very much.Stamps are used for sending letters.His hobby is collecting stamps.She is in the reading room.一、Gerund as Subject(动名词作主语)Smiling shows that you are happy.
微笑表示你很高兴。Ballet training usually starts at an early age.
芭蕾舞训练通常在很小的年龄开始。Dancing is her favourite hobby.
跳舞是她的最爱。1. 直接位于句首做主语。
如：Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
Playing computer games and playing basketball are my favourite hobbies.
注意：动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单三形式。 两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。
2.用于“There be”结构中作主语。
如：There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。3. 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
如：It is no use telling him not to worry.跟他说不要担心没用。
It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。
It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。
It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
注意：常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。
如：No smoking ( =Smokingisnotallowedhere ). （禁止吸烟）
No parking. （禁止停车）S1: What can shaking your closed hand show?
S2: Shaking your closed hand can show that you’re angry.S1: What can resting your head on your hand show?
S2: Resting your head on your hand can show that you’re bored.A In pairs, ask and answer questions about the pictures. Follow the example.S1: What can sighing show?
S2: Sighing can show that you’re sad. S1: What can closing your eyes show?
S2: Closing your eyes can show that you’re thinking.注意：不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)
(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
(3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 二、Gerund as Object(动名词作宾语)1．作动词的宾语 V+doing sth
某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：finish 完成
forgive 原谅
keep 保持,坚持
imagine 设想
miss 错过
mind 介意
permit 允许
risk 冒险
suggest 建议
practise 练习,实践
prevent 阻止admit 承认
advise 建议
allow 允许
avoid 避免
consider 考虑
dislike 不喜欢，讨厌
delay 延迟
deny 否认
enjoy 享有,喜爱2．作介词的宾语：介词+doing sth1）spend…in doing… 花费……做……
2）look forword to doing… 盼望……
3）be/get used to doing… 习惯于做……
4）be used for doing … 被用来做……
5）keep/go on doing … 继续做……
6）be fond of doing … 喜欢做……
7）stop/prevent/keep…from doing… 阻止…….做…
8) feel like doing… 想要做……
9) be good at doing... 擅长做....
10) give up doing... 放弃做...
11）succeed in doing…. 成功做……
12）be successful in doing… 成功做……
13）be interested in doing... 对做...感兴趣
14）thanks for doing… 谢谢你做…… 3．作形容词/名词/代词的宾语be worth doing sth . 值得做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
have fun doing sth . 做某事很开心
have no trouble doing sth .
做某事没有困难
have no problem doing sth .
做某事没有问题
have (no) difficulty doing sth .
做某事（没）有困难
keep sb. doing sth . 使某人做什么
hear sb./sth . doing sth.
听见某人/某物正在做某事 【魔法记忆】 巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词:
喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest)
盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish)
想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice)
忍俊不禁(can’t help)还介意(mind)B In pairs, ask and answer questions about the pictures. Follow the example.S1: What does the boy enjoy?
S2: He enjoys reading books.S1: What is the girl practising?
S2: She is practising climbing mountains.S1: What is the girl interested in?
S2: She is interested in playing chess.S1: What is the girl good at?
S2: She is good at skiing.注意：同时可接动词不定式和动名词作宾语的词 1.二者都可接，含义相差不大：表示喜好的词like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等
I remember you like going to the movies on weekends. （接doing表示经常习惯性的动作）
I like to watch TV this weekend. （接to do表示具体某一次的动作）
2.二者都可接，含义相差较大：★三、动名词还可作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。如果句中的主语和表语同为动词时，要注意保持两个动词在形式上的一致。
例：
Your task is cleaning the windows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
The most popular pastime is playing chess.最大众化的消遣是下棋（The most popular pastime is to play chess.）
The only thing that interests her is working.她唯一感兴趣的事就是工作.
What I hate most is being laughed at.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)动名词常考句型集锦 1.What(How) about sth./ doing sth.? ……怎么样？
2. be good at/ do well in doing sth.?擅长做某事
3. thank you for doing sth.?为……感谢某人
4. prefer doing sth. to doing sth.?喜欢……胜过……
5. stop/prevent/protect sb. from doing sth.?
阻止某人做某事，保护什么不受伤害
6. It is no use/good doing sth.做某事没用
7. have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴
8. have trouble/problem/a hard time（in）doing sth. 做某事有困难
9. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
10. sb. spend … on/ (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间或金钱做某事链接：中考链接--Would you like______ camping with me? 【2018山东滨州】
--I’d like to. But I’m busy______ my homework.
A. to go; to do B. to go; doing
C. going; to do D. going; doing
【考点精析】B. 本题考查非谓语动词作宾语：第一空would like“想要” 后接to do作宾语；第二空be busy
“忙于……”接doing，此处省略了介词in，doing作介词宾语。中考链接--Where is Mike? 【2018西城二模】
--I don’t know. But I saw him ______ football on the playground just now.
A. to play B. playing C. played D. plays
【考点精析】】B. 在感官动词后，也可用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，但与接动词原形含义略有不同。
I saw him crossing the road. （强调动作正在进行）
We often see her remember English words in the room. （动作经常发生，全过程）根据本题句意“我刚才看到他正在打篮球。”强调当时动作正在发生，用see sb. doing正确。中考链接While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped and lay on the ground, so we all stopped______ what was wrong with him. 【2018 四川成都】
A. to run; to see B. running; seeing
C. running; to see
【考点精析】C. 本题考查stop后接动词不定式和动名词作宾语的不同含义：stop doing表示停止原来正在做的事情；stop to do表示停下去做另一件事。根据句意：第一空是说“杰克突然停止跑步”（原本正在跑），应该用stop running；第二空“所以我们都停下来去看看他怎么了”（停下跑步去看），所以应该用stop to see.中考链接(2017·新疆阜康·30)Dick _____ in America，but he has been_____ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live；used to eating
B. is used to live；used to eat
C. is used to live；used to eating
D. used to living；used to eat
【考点精析】A. used to意为“过去常常”。其后跟动词原形；be used to意为“习惯于”，其后跟动名词形式。句意“迪克过去居住在美国，但是自从他搬到中国，他已经习惯了吃中餐”。 附：非谓语动词解题七大原则
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。
原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式。
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或-ing的完成式）。
原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。Seeing is to believing.眼见为实。 谢谢21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
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