北京市石景山区2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷版（教师版含解析）

石景山区 2018—2019 学年第一学年度高一期末试卷
英语试题
第一部分：听力理解 （共20小题；每小题 1 分 20 分）
第一节：听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话你将听一遍。
1.When did the woman get the bike?
A.About one year ago. B. About two years ago. C. About three years ago.
2.What can the man do?
A.Swim. B. Play soccer. C. Play basketball.
3.What did the woman do first?
A.Went to Mary’s birthday party.
B.Bought a birthday present.
C.Finished her work.
4.Where are the two speakers?
A.In an office. B. At an airport. C. At a bus station.
5.Why does the woman often go to sleep late?
A.She is late from work.
B.She is afraid of dreaming.
C.She is busy with housework.
第二节：听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Why does the man politely refuse the woman at first?
A.He will meet his sister.
B.He will travel to New York.
C.He will leave for Los Angeles.
7.When will the two speakers have a meal together?
A.Next Wednesday. B. Next Saturday. C. This Saturday
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.Why does the woman want to buy a dress?
A.For work. B. For home. C. For a wedding.
9.What does the woman buy at last?
A.A green dress. B. The yellow pants. C. A blue dress.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Who invited the man to the party?
A.His classmate. B. The woman. C. His cousin.
11.What does the woman think of the music?
A.Enjoyable. B. Boring. C. Noisy.
12.What will the speakers do next?
A.Leave the party. B. Go rock climbing. C. Go on chatting.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13.How many beds are there in the room?
A.Three. B. Four. C. Five.
14.When can people visit Mr. Brown?
A. At 8:00 am. B. At 10:00 am. C. At 1:00 pm.
15.Where does this conversation take place?
A.In a school. B. In a hospital. C. In a hotel.
第三节：听下面一段独白，完成第16题至20题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你
将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节 语法填词（共10小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
Rise After Falling
A father was worried about his son, ___1___was sixteen years old but had no courage at all. So the father decided to call on a Buddhist monk(僧侣) to train his boy.
The Buddhist monk said to the boy’s father, “I insist that your son should ___2___(leave) alone here. I’ll make him into a real man within three months. ___3___, you can’t come to see him during this period.”
Three months later, the boy’s father ___4___(return). The Buddhist monk arranged a boxing match between the boy and an ___5___(experience) boxer. Each time the fighter struck the boy, he fell down, ___6___at once the boy stood up; and each time a heavy blow knocked him down, the boy stood up again. Several times later, the Buddhist monk asked, “ ___7___do you think of your child?”
“What a shame!” the boy’s father said, “I never thought he would be so ___8___(easy) knocked down. I needn’t have him stay here any longer!”
“I’m sorry that that’s all you see. Don’t you see that each time he ___9___(fall) down, he stands up again instead of ___10___(cry) ? That’s the kind of courage you wanted him to have.
【答案】1. who 2. （should ）be left
3. However 4. returned
5. experienced
6. but 7. What
8. easily 9. falls
10. crying
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。本文讲述了一个父亲为了让儿子有勇气，决定让一位僧侣来训练儿子。三个月后僧侣安排了一场男孩和一位经验丰富的拳击手之间的拳击比赛。每次拳击手击倒男孩让他摔倒，男孩立刻站起来。但父亲觉得羞愧。因为他只看到儿子失败，却忽视了儿子每次失败后都站起来的勇敢。
【1题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一位父亲很担心他的儿子，他的儿子16岁了，但是完全没有勇气。分析句子可知，本句的先行词为his son, his son在定语从句中作主语，指人可用who。故用who。
【2题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我坚持认为应该让你的儿子单独留在这里。分析句子可知，本句的动词insist（坚持认为）所带的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，其中的should可省略。从句的主语your son与动词leave(留下)二者是被动关系，因此要用被动语态，因此此处可填(should)be left。
【3题详解】
考查副词。句意：我在三个月之内会让他成为一位真正的男子汉。但是，在这期间你不能来看他。根据句意前后两句是转折关系，可知这里用副词However。因此填However。
【4题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：三个月之后，父亲回来了。根据上下文可知，本文讲述的是过去的事，这里用一般过去时。故用returned。
【5题详解】
考查形容词。句意：僧侣安排了一场这个男孩和一个有经验的拳击手之间的拳击比赛。experienced意为“有经验的，老练的”，在这里用形容词作定语修饰名词boxer。故用experienced。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：每次拳击手击中男孩，都把他打倒，但是男孩立刻站起来。分析语境可知，前后两句是转折的，故填but。
【7题详解】
考查特殊疑问句。句意：你认为你的孩子怎么样？what do you think of…？为固定句型，意为“你觉得……怎么样？”故用what。
【8题详解】
考查副词。句意：我从没想过他这么容易被击倒。修饰动词短语knock down要用副词，故填easily。
【9题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。句意：难道你没看见他每次跌倒，都会站起来吗？根据“Don’t you see….”可知，此句是讲现在的情况，故要用一般现在时，故此处填falls。
【10题详解】
考查动名词。句意：你难道没有看到他每次摔倒时都会站起来而不是哭吗？instead of“代替，而不是”，后接动名词，故用crying。
【点睛】however与but 的用法辨析：两者均可表示转折或对比，意为“但是”、“可是”、“然而”等，但有区别。
1.however作副词用时，表示“然而；但是”，可以位于句首、句中和句末；位于句首时，要用逗号与句子其它部分隔开；位于句中时，其前后都要用逗号；位于句末时其前用逗号分开。例如:
It's raining hard; however, I think we should go out.
或者：It's raining hard. However, I think we should go out.雨下得很大，但我想我们还得出去。
He hasn't arrived. He may, however, come later.他还没有到，不过他等会儿可能会来。
He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however.他说情况如此，可是他错了。
以上各例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写。
如：He said that it was so, but he was mistaken. 他说情况如此，可他错了。
2.however与but 两者都做“但是，然而”讲，而且都引出并列句。从语义上看，but所表示的是非常明显的对比，转折的意味比however要强，从语序上看，but总是位于所引出的分句之首，而however却可位于句首、句中和句末。同时从标点符号上看，but之后一般不得使用逗号，而however则必须用逗号与句子其它部分分开。例如：
I thought those figures were correct. However I have recently heard they were not.
我原以为那些数字正确无误，不过我最近听说并不正确。
3.however的其它用法：however可以作连词(conj.)，表示“无论以何种方式，不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句。例如：
You can travel however you like.你可以随心所欲地去旅行。
However I approached the problem, I couldn’t find a solution.
这一问题我不管怎样都无法解决。
第二节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题 1 分，共15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was a little girl, I remember that when my dad was repairing something, every time he asked me to ___11___the hammer, just so we would have a time for a ___12___with each other. I ___13___saw my dad drinking or taking a night out, all he did after work was taking care of his family.
I grew up and left home for college and since then, my dad had been calling me every Sunday morning, no matter what. And when several ___14___later I bought a house, my dad was ___15___it by himself for three days in the 38°C summer heat. All he asked was to hold his paint brush and ___16___to him. But I was too ____17____in those days, I did not find any time for a conversation with my dad.
One Sunday morning we had a telephone talk as usual, I noticed that my dad had totally ___18___some things that we discussed ___19___. I was in a hurry, so our conversation was a bit ___20___. Few hours later that day came a call. My father was in a hospital with an aneurysm(动脉瘤). ____21____I bought a ticket for a flight and on my way I was thinking about all ___22___occasions(场合) to have a talk with my dad.
By the time I ___23___at the hospital, my father had passed away. Now it was he who did not have ___24___for a conversation with me. After his death I ___25___much more about him, and even more about myself. All he ever asked me was my time. And now he has all my attention every single day.
11. A. find B. hold C. pack D. select
12. A. conversation B. opinion C. debate D. bargain
13. A. ever B. just C. even D. never
14. A. weeks B. years C. hours D. days
15. A. building B. making C. fixing D. painting
16. A. face B. walk C. talk D. smile
17. A. busy B. lazy C. selfless D. lonely
18. A. recognized B. buried C. explored D. forgotten
19. A. soon B. lately C. personally D. briefly
20. A. short B. boring C. unbelievable D. sad
21. A. Exactly B. Gradually C. Immediately D. Finally
22. A. missed B. impressed C. suffering D. painful
23. A. pointed B. stared C. arrived D. called
24. A. words B. time C. permission D. benefit
25. A. worried B. concerned C. cared D. learned
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和爸爸之间的感人故事。小时候我经常与父亲说话交谈。成年后却总没有时间，爸爸总想找时间和女儿聊天,可是女儿太忙,直到有一天爸爸病倒了,去世了,女儿才了解爸爸的用意。
【11题详解】
考查动词辨析。A.find发现，找到；B. hold 举行，握；C. pack包装；D. select选择。根据句中的“hammer ”和上文“when my dad was repairing something,”可知，每当爸爸在修东西时，总会让我拿着锤子，“hold”此处意为“握”，与锤子相配，故选B。
【12题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. conversation交谈；B. opinion选择；C. debate辩论；D. bargain讨价还价。根据第二段最后“did not find any time for a conversation with my dad.”可知此处是指“和爸爸一起修理东西时，也和爸爸一起聊天（conversation）”。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. ever 曾经；B. just刚刚，正是；C. even甚至；D. never从未。根据后面的“all he did after work was taking care of his family.” 由这句“他下班后所做的一切都是照顾他的家人”可知，我从没（never）见过我爸爸喝酒或出去过夜，由此可知选D。
【14题详解】
考查语境及名词辨析。A. weeks周，星期；B. years 年；C. hours 小时；D. days天。根据语境可知，我上了大学，毕业后工作，由此可推断出是多年后（years）有了钱才能买房子。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查动词辨析。 A. building建造；B. making制造；C. fixing 固定；D. painting绘画，粉刷。根据下文的“All he asked was to hold his paint brush and… ”可知，爸爸在炎热的夏天亲自为我粉刷（painting）房子，故选D。
【16题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. face面对，正视；B. walk散步；C. talk 说话；D. smile微笑。根据前文可知，作者小时候，在爸爸修理东西时，常和爸爸一起聊天。可推知，爸爸想要的就是和我一起粉刷房子并有时间说话（talk），故选C。
【17题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. busy忙碌的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. selfless无私的； D. lonely孤单的。根据“I did not find any time for a conversation with my dad.”可知，但那时候我太忙（busy）了，腾不出时间和我爸爸聊天。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. recognized 认出；B. buried埋葬，掩埋；C. explored 探索；D. forgotten忘记。此处是指“一个星期天早上，我们像往常一样通了电话，我注意到我爸爸完全忘记（forgotten）了我们最近讨论过的一些事情”，故选D。
【19题详解】
考查语境及副词辨析。A. soon立刻，不久；B. lately 近来，最近；C. personally亲自地，就个人而言；D. briefly简单地。结合上题可知，最近和爸爸谈论的事情爸爸忘记了。根据语境可知，“lately（最近）”符合题意，故选B。
【20题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A.短的，短暂的。B. boring 无聊的；C. unbelievable令人难以置信的；D. sad悲伤的。根据“I was in a hurry,”可知，我很着急，所以我们的聊天有点短（short），故选A。
【21题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. exactly确切的；B. gradually缓慢的；C. immediately立刻，马上；D. finally最后。根据“.My father was in a hospital with an aneurysm”。爸爸病了，我立刻（immediately）买票回家，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. missed错过的，；B. impressed感动的，使印象深刻；C. suffering受苦的； D. painful痛苦的。根据上文可知，由于工作很忙，很少与爸爸聊天。因此此处是指“因为爸爸生病了，我在回想所有错过的（missed）与爸爸聊天的场合”，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. pointed指；B. stared 凝视；C. arrived到达；D. called打电话，叫。根据下文“…my father had passed away”可知，“当我到达（arrived）医院时，我父亲已经去世了”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. words话；B. time 时间；C. permission允许；D. benefit好处，益处。爸爸去世了，现在轮到爸爸没有时间（time）和我聊天了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. worried担心；B. concerned 关注，顾虑；C. cared关心，担心 ，在乎，介意；D. learned了解，得知。爸爸去世了，我才对爸爸了解（learned）的更多了。故选D。
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，35 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题 2 分，30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Last night Mr. and Mrs. Rojas stayed home. It was cold and rainy and they didn’t want to go out in the bad weather. Mrs. Rojas made some popcorn and ice tea. At 8:00, Mr. and Mrs. Rojas went into the living room, sat on the sofa and began the movie and ate and drank. At 8:15, Mr. and Mrs. Rojas realized they already watched the movie last year and they didn’t want to watch it again.
“Now what?” asked Mr. Rojas. “Let’s play cards!” answered Mrs. Rojas. At 8:30 Mr. and Mrs. Rojas started to play cards. They were playing for about 10 minutes when Mr. Rojas looked out the window. The rain changed to snow and the trees were covered in beautiful white snow. “I’m happy we stayed home tonight. It looks beautiful outside but this weather is very dangerous to drive in.” said Mr. Rojas. “You’re right,” said Mrs. Rojas, “but I’m bored. Let’s play some music and dance.”
Mr. Rojas was surprised. “Dance? But I really don’t ….”
“Oh come on!” Mrs. Rojas insisted. She put on a romantic CD and they both started to dance. They were dancing for about 1 minute when suddenly the music stopped and the lights went out. Mrs. Rojas laughed. “We’re just not very lucky tonight, are we?” she said. Mr. Rojas said, “Of course we’re lucky! We are together!” He kissed her and continued to dance with her, in the dark and without music.
26. Why did Mr. and Mrs. Rojas stay at home last night?
A. They wanted to stay together. B. The weather was so terrible.
C. They had a dinner at home. D. They planned to watch a movie.
27. When it started to snow, Mr. and Mrs. Rojas were _________.
A. making popcorn B. watching a movie
C. playing cards D. dancing to the music
28. We can infer from the passage that .
A. It was a rainy day in summer B. Mrs. Rojas cooked very well
C. Mr. Rojas loved to dance at first D. Mr. Rojas was in love with his wife
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D
【解析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了Rojas先生和太太在家度过了一年的最后一天，他们十分相爱。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Last night Mr．and Mrs．Rojas stayed home．It was cold and rainy and they didn't want to go out in the bad weather可知Rojas先生和太太昨晚呆在家里是因为天气太糟糕了；故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章They were playing for about 10minutes when Mr．Rojas looked out the window．The rain changed to snow可知下雪的时候他们正在打牌；故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章she said．Mr．Rojas said，"Of course we're lucky!We are together!"He kissed her and continued to dance with her，in the dark and without music可知Mr．Rojas很爱他的妻子；故选D。
B
Where can you find a nice place to relax on holiday for both you and your children? Well, I suggest you try the beautiful and green Isle of Wight (IOW). The Isle of Wight is one of the main tourist attractions. Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.
Dinosaur Isle
It is located in Sandown, a seaside town on the southeast coast. It’s a large, lovely museum, both fun and educational. Here you can see a large fossil collection of all kinds of dinosaurs, as well as a gift shop. You can walk into the past and then the future, learning about the history and the development of the civilization of dinosaurs that lived 120 million years ago.
Robin Hill Country Park
The park is in the beautiful countryside, and is suitable for children’s parties and games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the rare red squirrels.
The West of the Wight
Here we have the Marine Aquarium, the Archaeology Exhibition and the Model Railway. They offer another opportunity to combine fun with learning. This is a great place to see ancient boats crossing the narrow strait between the island and the mainland.
The Wight Bus Museum
This museum is run completely by unpaid volunteers. It has a bus collection stored in what was once a warehouse(仓库). Most of the buses in the museum date back to around the 1910’s.
With all of these choices, what are you waiting for? IOW Tourism welcomes you!
29. In Robin Hill Country Park, children can NOT .
A. have parties. B. buy gifts.
C. play games. D. take pictures.
30. It can be learned from the passage that .
A. there are five new gardens on Dinosaur Isle
B. visitors can drive buses in the Wight Bus Museum
C. those running the Wight Bus Museum work for free
D. on Dinosaur Isle we can learn about all kinds of animals
31. The purpose of this passage is to .
A. show the development of tourism on the IOW
B. advise readers how to relax on holidays
C. attract readers to come to the IOW
D. tell readers what is worth visiting
32. You can read this article in a .
A. travel magazine B. science journal
C. book review D. film advertisement
【答案】29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。介绍了英国的IOW Tourism，主要介绍了它的其中的四个旅游胜地。恐龙岛、罗宾山国家公园、怀特岛的西部及怀特的汽车博物馆。分别介绍了它们各自的特色。希望读者前去观赏。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据Robin Hill Country Park中的“The park… is suitable for children’s parties and games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the rare red squirrels. ”可知，“罗宾希尔乡村公园适合儿童聚会和游戏。它有五个新花园，并提供了拍摄的机会”，由内容可知，没有涉及到“buy gifts”买礼物，故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Wight Bus Museum “This museum is run completely by unpaid volunteers” 可知，这个博物馆完全由无偿的志愿者经营，即经营的人不拿工资，故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“… I suggest you try the beautiful and green Isle of Wight (IOW). …. Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.”“IOW Tourism welcomes you!”可知文章建议“到美丽的绿色怀特岛度假”，可推断出文章的写作目的是吸引读者来IOW观光旅游。分析选项可知，C符合题意，故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文来看这主要说的英国的IOW Tourism（英国怀特岛）的一些景点的信息，所以很有可能出现在旅游杂志。分析选项：A. travel magazine旅游杂志；B. science journal科学杂志；C. book review 书评；D. film advertisement影片广告。所以正确答案为A，故选A。
【点睛】不同的文章可能有不同的写作意图,但写作意图通常有以下三种：1）to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑） 2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。高考阅读试题设计到各类文章，而以议论文为主，文章的主题句、核心句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场；阅读理解中也有说明文、描述文。前者因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者的态度也往往采取中立。而后者因为其文章观点往往不直接提出，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以，阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。
如第3小题就是推理判断题中的推断写作意图。根据第一段“… I suggest you try the beautiful and green Isle of Wight (IOW). …. Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.”“IOW Tourism welcomes you!”可知文章的写作目的是吸引读者来IOW观光旅游。分析选项可知，C符合题意，故选C
C
It warmed my heart today to walk into the Thirsty Camel downtown in the Thanksgiving Day, for a quick lunch before a haircut and library trip. Ihan, a food shop owner, said that he was refusing to take money today because it was Buy Nothing Day. To increase awareness(意识) of the strange’s over-spending nature of our society, Ilan suggested a trade for food today. He simply asked that you offer something of equal personal value for the meal you received.
At first I was really uncomfortable, wondering if it would be fair to exchange a yet to be determined “I Owe You” (IOU) for food? What could I give him of equal value? After all, his food is the best in the town!
We ended up writing our IOU’s with promises of a book, some paintings and the offer of work in a variety of ways if he needs it.
I think the idea isn’t that the trade is “equal” so much as the importance of the kind of transaction. We put thought into our offer and we had an even greater understanding for the meals we ate.
We don’t buy a lot, especially at this upcoming time of year. We don’t give gifts at all in fact. The holiday time is spent enjoying each other’s company and doing things together with family and friends. This is what seems most sensible.
Ilan is a good person. We are all lucky to have someone like this in our community.
33. Ilan did not take any money that day in order to .
A. have a quick lunch before a haircut and library trip
B. trade for something of equal value in return
C. make people aware of their over spending
D. buy nothing that day to save some money
34. For the meal, the author finally offered Ilan .
A. some promises B. a book
C. some paintings D. work in different ways
35. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “transaction”?
A. transport B. trade
C. meal D. giving
36. What is the author’s attitude to Buy Nothing Day?
A. Disagreeable B. Meaningless.
C. Doubtful. D. Supportive.
【答案】33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D
【解析】
本文属于说明文。作者通过这篇文章描述了镇上最好的食品店老板Ilan在感恩节这一天不收钱，只是让你提供等价的东西换取食物，以此来提高人们对过度消费的本质的认识。文章对此举还做出了评价。
【33题详解】
细节理解题．根据第一段Ihan，a food shop owner，said that he was refusing to take money today because it was Buy Nothing Day．To increase awareness（意识） of the strange over spending nature of our society可知Ilan这样做，是为了提高人们对过度消费本质的认识，分析选项可知，C符合题意，故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题．根据文章第二段“After all，his food is the best in the town!”及第三段“We ended up writing our IOU's with promises of a book，some paintings and the offer of work in a variety of ways if he needs it”可知为了吃饭作者最后给了他承诺，分析选项A. some promises一些承诺；B. a book一本书；C. some paintings一些绘画；D. work in different ways以不同的方式工作。可知A符合题意，故选A。
【35题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，最终我们以各种不同的方式来换取它的食物。第四段“I think the idea isn't that the trade is"equal"so much as the importance of the kind of transaction．”我认为这个想法并不是说交易是"平等的"，就像交易的重要性一样。分析上下文的语境，可知，此处的“transaction”意为交易。分析选项：A. transport 运输，交通；B. trade交易，交换；C. meal进餐，饭；D. giving给予物。可知B 项符合题意，故选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Ilan is a good person．We are all lucky to have someone like this in our community可知作者对Buy Nothing Day的态度是支持的。分析选项：A. Disagreeable不赞同的，讨厌的；B. Meaningless.无意义的；C. Doubtful怀疑的；D. Supportive支持的，拥护的。故选C。
D
Each year there is an increasing number of cars on roads and streets as millions of new cars and trucks are produced. One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas. Americans won’t live without cars!
Most Americans would find it hard to think what life would look like without cars. However, some have realized the serious problems of the air pollution that is caused by the car.
The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.
One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute. That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.
Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that pleases man.
To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars. They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle. Bicycling is thought to help keep the air clean.
But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down. Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.
Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.
37. How many ways to get rid of air pollution are suggested in this article by the writer?
A. Four. B. Three.
C. Two. D. One.
38. If the number of cars is cut down, the most serious problem to American workers is_______.
A. to have no work to do B. to keep the air clean
C. to get a better life D. to go to work by bike
39. What is the conclusion(结论) of the writer?
A. Bicycling is the only way out.
B. The number of cars must be cut down.
C. Cars bring us nothing but serious problems.
D. Cars bring us not only a better life but serious problems.
40. To reduce pollution, we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live, EXCEPT that ______.
A. Americans have to cut down on the number of their total cars.
B. People are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle.
C. The number of cars on the roads should be limited every day.
D. People should build more roads and fill cars and trucks with gas.
【答案】37. B 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
本文为应用文。介绍了汽车行业对美国的重要性。汽车与现代人的生活息息相关，但由汽车导致的大气污染问题也很严重，给美国带来了许多问题。针对这一问题，本文讨论了一些解决方法:例如生产使用清洁能源的汽车，或者以自行车代替汽车等等。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。第四段“One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute.” 消除污染空气的一种方法是建造不污染的汽车。第五段“Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else.” 另一种方法是用别的东西代替汽车发动机。第六段“we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. American… Bicycling is thought to help keep the air clean”可知第三种是鼓励骑自行车。因此有三种方式，故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段第一句话“A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down.”可知如果一家汽车厂倒闭，许多工人可能会失业。由此可推断出如果汽车数量减少，就会有人无工作可做，就会失业。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.”可知，汽车不仅给人们带来了便利，而且给人们带来了一些严重的问题。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“cut down on the number of their total cars” 可知“美国人必须减少汽车总数”，与“每天限制道路上的车辆数量”是同义的。因此A与C是正确。“They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle.”可知“鼓励他们骑自行车旅行和上班。”，因此B是正确的。而D项（人们应该修建更多的道路，给汽车和卡车加油）显然不是改变我们生活方式以此来减少污染。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How old is “old” ?
How old is “old” ? ____41____Two hundred years ago, you were old at 35. That was the average life then. At the turn of this century, as medical knowledge advanced, the average life span(长度) increased to 45. In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So, how old is old? The answer is one you’ve heard many times, from all sorts of people. “You are as old (or young) as you feel!” The calendar(日历) simply tells you how many years you have lived. ___42___
Once an unknown author wrote , “ ___43___Nobody grows old by living a number of years; people grow old by giving up their goals.”
___44___Alice Brophy, when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging, said, “It upsets me when people say, ‘Gee, you look young for your age!’ What does that mean? Is there some model that you’re supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85? You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80.”
There are many wrong ideas about aging. ___45___Here are some of the more common ones. For example, most older people are in poor health, or older people are unable to change.
A.Old is a point of view.
B.It’s extremely terrible to be grown old.
C.The answer has changed over the years.
D.Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.
E.Older people are stubborn, unable to change.
F.Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.
G.These ideas stereotype (固化) people on the basis of age.
【答案】41. C 42. D
43. F 44. A
45. G
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了到底多大才算是老年人，后来总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。并以“aging”为话题展开讨论，意在教育人们要保持一颗不老的心灵；永怀远大理想。
【41题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空是后面一段的中心句。根据后面的内容“Two hundred years ago,…At the turn of this century, …In 1950, 70-year-olds were really old. Today, a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.”可知，对于"老年"的定义，多年来一直在变。分析选项，可知C（老年的定义这些年一直在变）符合题意，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“The calendar（日历） simply tells you how many years you have lived”可知，日历只告诉你活了多少岁，但是身体告诉你，自己是有多年轻。分析选项可知D项（Your body tells you how well you’ve lived.）符合题意，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下句“Nobody grows old by living a number of years； people grow old by giving up their goals”可知“没人因为活了许多岁变老了，只是由于无法实现自己的目标知道自己老了”。可知，青春不是你活了多久，而是一种精神状态。分析选项，可知F符合题意，故选F。
【44题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格是一段的中心句。根据后面文章的内容可知，老还是年轻，是取决于自己的观点。分析选项可知，A项（老是一种观点）符合题意，故选A。
【45题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本小题也是一段的中心句。根据“For example，most older people are in poor health，or older people are unable to change”。可知，这些想法都是根据年龄作的比较常见的评价。由此可知，对于年老这件事，许多都是人们对此的固化想法。分析选项可知G项（这些基于年龄的观点是固有的）符合题意，故选G。
第四部分：书面表达 （15 分）
46.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。请你给你的美国网友 Jim 写一封信，把你的寒假 安排告诉他，并询问他的寒假安排。内容包括：
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim，
How are things with you lately? I’m glad to tell you the plan for my winter holiday, which is approaching. Above all, I have got to finish all the assigned homework and do some reading as well. The most exciting part is to celebrate the traditional Spring Festival by visiting relatives and close friends and even travelling near or far. Besides, I intend to take part in some meaningful volunteer activities organized by the community. Please send mean e-mail, sharing your plan for the winter vocation. OK?
Looking forward to hearing from!
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文书面表达属于应用文。根据提示可知，本篇是一封书信。请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，把你的寒假安排告诉他，并询问他的寒假安排。在写作时要围绕寒假安排，用所给的关键词给予适当的想象。要注意词数要适当，时态及语态正确规范。
【详解】本文是书信体，内容主要从以下几步进行。第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一封书信：请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，把你的寒假 安排告诉他，并询问他的寒假安排。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：do homework, the plan for my winter holiday，celebrate the traditional Spring，take part in activities等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。文中运用了一些较高级的词汇如do some reading as well; the most exciting part is to celebrate the traditional Spring Festival;by doing sth. ; intend to fo; take part in some meaningful volunteer activities ; the plan for the winter vocation. 等，以及顺序的词如above all, besides等过渡词，使句子之间过渡自然，脉络清晰。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，句式相对简单易懂，如运用了由which引导的定语从句I’m glad to tell you the plan for my winter holiday, which is approaching，以及非谓语国的动词的ing形式作状语by visiting relatives and close friends and even travelling near or far和过去分词作定语：activities organized by the community.显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。