高中英语 北师大版选修模块7 Unit 19 Language Lessons 1 & 2练习题(含解析无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 高中英语 北师大版选修模块7 Unit 19 Language Lessons 1 & 2练习题(含解析无听力部分） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-03-01 16:20:49 | ||
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Unit 19 Lessons 1 & 2
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Spanish for?Health-care Workers
Instructor: Dr. Lucia Mendez
Class schedule
?????? The class is held in Room 203 every Monday and Wednesday evening from 6:30 to 8:15?p.m. You are expected to attend every class and to arrive on time. Please speak with the instructor about any unavoidable absences.
?????? Assignments
?????? We will use the text?Spanish for Health-care Workers. Students are required to read one or more chapters before each class (see reading schedule). In addition, each student will prepare an oral presentation to give to the class before the end of the term. The Language Laboratory, Room 302, is open Monday－Friday from 9:30 a.m. until 8:30 p.m.
In addition to attending class, each student must complete a weekly exercise in the lab.
?????? Grading
?????? There will be four to five tests throughout the term in addition to a midterm and a final exam. Missed tests or exams will count against your grade; there will be no make-ups. The breakdown for calculating (计算) each student’s final mark is as follows: tests and exams — 50 percent; oral presentation — 30 percent; class participation — 20 percent. A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class.
?????? Assistance outside class
?????? If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320) are 5:00?－?6:30 p.m. on Mondays and Wednesdays. The Language Lab staff is also available to help you with your assignments. In addition, individual (单独的) Spanish instructors are available. Please talk to the staff in the Language Lab for more information about instructors.
21.?? What can we learn about the class by Dr. Lucia Mendez?
A. It has no homework.
B. It meets twice weekly.
C. It is a one-to-one class.
D. It allows make-up exams.
22.?? What’s the standard of passing Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class?
A. Getting full marks for the oral presentation.
B. Completing a daily exercise in the lab.
C. Attending 50 percent of his classes.
D. Receiving a grade of B or higher.
23.?? What can students do in Room 320?
A. Give an oral presentation.
B. Complete a weekly practice.
C. Attend Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class.
D. Turn to Dr. Lucia Mendez for advice.
B
Scott and Daniel Harry are enjoying everyday tasks like shopping and washing for the first time following their move to an accommodation support house in Kurwongbah, north of?Brisbane?last year.
?????? Disability Services Queensland’s Streng-thening Non-Government Organisations project provided an accommodation support model that would enable residents (居住者) like Daniel and Scott to live more independently.
?????? The house is just one of many accommodation support services funded (资助) through the project. The five-bedroom house provides 24-hour care for up to four individuals with complex needs, including medical support. Care and staffing levels are varied and flexible, depending on each resident’s requirements.
?????? Scott and Daniel, who have a severe form of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, require 24-hour support in all activities of daily living. Before they moved to the house, they lived with their family. Scott says living at home was difficult as it placed a physical and emotional strain (负担) on their parents who had to wake them several times each night to reposition them or place them on breathing machines.
?????? “We were heavyhearted,” says Scott, who is planning to write a book about his life experiences. “But our parents now have a lot more time for themselves. We now manage ourselves on a day-to-day basis.”
?????? Daniel is an enthusiastic gardener, taking care of his own vegetable garden. The men share the house with one other young man, and they go to rugby league games, meeting up with friends.
?????? Leeding Care?Australia?provides the care service at Kurwongbah. Manager Lee Garniss says setting up the facilities has not been without its challenges (挑战).
?????? “It is an unconventional model of care,” Lee says. “The home is Scott and Daniel’s home, however it is also a workplace for their support staff. Balancing these two requirements has been a challenge for all.”
?????? “We have experienced a bit of a learning phase over the last twelve months. However, by working as a team we try our best to meet the needs of both residents and staff and I think we have achieved the right balance.”
24.?? What do we know about the house Scott and Daniel live in now?
A. It was built by their parents.
B. It can accommodate four residents.
C. It belongs to a governmental project.
D. It’s located in the center of?Brisbane.
25.?? Why did Scott and Daniel’s parents wake up frequently at night?
A. To help them do exercise.
B. They were making a lot of noise.
C. To check on their breathing.
D. They were under emotional pressure.
26.?? How did Scott feel while living with his parents?
A. A bit guilty. ????????????
B. Quite happy.
C. Very proud.?????????????
D. Slightly angry.
27.?? What was a challenge while setting up the facilities?
A. Lack of fund.??????????
B. No workplace.
C. Inexperienced staff members.
D. Satisfying both staff and residents’ needs.
C
?
?????? For many years, scientists thought that monkeys could not produce vowels (元音), sounds that are very important to human speech. But now, researchers report?Guinea?baboons, monkeys that live in?West Africa, make five vowellike sounds similar to those used by humans. The findings back up a recent study showing Japanese macaques (a type of monkey) are also able to make some speech sounds.?
???????“It perfectly confirms our own results,”?says William Tecumseh Fitch, a biologist at the University of Vienna and the lead author of the macaque study. The discovery?“provides more evidence that scientists have misunderstood monkeys’ vocal tract (声道).”
?????? That mistake comes from a misunderstanding of the monkey larynx (喉部)?—?the part in the throat where voice is produced.?“It was thought in order to make vowels, you had to have a low larynx (voice box), as humans do,”?says Joel Fagot, a scientist at Aix-Marseille University in France and an author of the new study. Because monkey larynxes are set much higher than our own, scientists thought this difference explained why monkeys could not produce vowels. Yet human babies with high larynxes can also pronounce vowels, a fact that?perplexed?Fagot and his colleagues (同事).
?????? To find out, Fagot, his colleagues and the study’s first author, Louis-Jean Boe from?Grenoble?Alpes?University?in?France, recorded 1,404 calls of 15?Guinea?baboons. Their analysis of their calls shows that the baboons produced at least five different sounds that match vowels in the International Phonetic Alphabet (国际音标). That’s quite comparable with many human languages, most of which have three to five vowels.
?????? The scientists also checked the vocal tracts of two baboons that died of natural causes. They found the monkeys’ tongues have the same muscles (肌肉) as human tongues. This shows they can make exact movements to form each vowellike sound. It is this ability to control the tongue, rather than the position of the larynx, that is key to producing vowellike sounds.
?????? “This is extremely important research,” says John Esling, a language expert at the?University?of?Victoria?in?Canada.
28.?? What can we learn about the two studies mentioned in the first paragraph?
?A. They both looked at baboons.?
B. They both met with doubts.???
C. They made the same mistakes.
? D. They had similar discoveries.
29.?? What does the underlined word “perplexed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
?A. Confused. ??????? B. Amazed.
C. Encouraged. ?????????? D. Attracted.
30.?? How do the baboons make vowellike sounds?
A. Using their high larynxes.
B. Using their low larynxes.?
C. Using their lip muscles. D. Using their tongues.
31.?? What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To compare human and animal languages.
B. To report a study on animal speech.
C. To explain monkeys’ vocal tract.
D. To support research on vowels.
D
?????? When baseball games start in?America?every spring, one April day is always used to honor Jackie Robinson, the man who broke the color line of?America’s national game. While his achievements on the baseball field were impressive, his efforts in the civil rights movement, according to his wife Rachel Robinson, were equally important and often ignored.
?????? The spirited way Jackie Robinson played baseball for the?Brooklyn?Dodgers could show his focus on civil rights. From the beginning of the “Great Experiment” of having African-Americans in?baseball, he knew that his performance on the field would influence sports segregation (隔离). Jackie gradually changed jeers (嘲讽) and shouts into cheers and acceptance because white audience could see his great talent from any seat in the stadium. Jackie became a highly respected figure by continually succeeding on and off the field.
?????? The vast amount of energy Jackie spent avoiding many unexpected difficulties could have caused an ordinary man to lose heart; rather, Jackie tried his best to increase his efforts for positive civil rights changes, both in his sport and in the African-American community at large. While many athletes today use their status to live as super stars, Jackie always made use of his status to advance the civil rights movement. He often used his baseball travels as opportunities to speak publicly to blacks in?U.S.?cities about ending segregation and defending?their rights.
?????? Post-baseball, Jackie became a businessman, but he still found time to write letters and telegrams to various?U.S.?presidents during the civil rights movement. He had the status to demand that they too remain firmly focused on civil rights measures.
?????? Though Jackie Robinson’s baseball achievements may be more widely known than his tireless efforts in the civil rights movement, his surprising courage on the baseball field was itself a positive standpoint against segregation and inequality.
32.?? How did Jackie Robinson change whites’ attitude to black baseball players?
A. Through his political speeches.?
B. Through his excellent performance.?
C. Through his letters to the government.
D. Through his efforts to popularize baseball.?
33.?? What does the underlined part “their rights” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Blacks’ rights.??? ???
B. Athletes’ rights.
C. Super stars’ rights.??? ???
D. Businessmen’s rights.
34.?? What can we learn about Jackie Robinson’s efforts to end segregation?
A. They won him the status of a super star in the?U.S.
B. They started after he became a businessman.
C. They are less known than his baseball achievements.??
D. They led to the start of the “Great Experiment”.
35.?? What would be the best title for the text?
A. Jackie Robinson: A loyal guardian of?America
B. Jackie Robinson: The greatest baseball player
C. Jackie Robinson: More than a baseball player
D. Jackie Robinson: An unsuccessful businessman
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
?????? Traveling independently for the first time can be stressful (充满压力的) if you don’t plan your trip carefully. In?Cuba, my friends and I really learned the value of planning ahead and being responsible tourists. So, before you set off, take a look at my list of useful tips:
?????? Plan who to go with.
?????? Think about your travel buddies (朋友) carefully. Traveling with just one person has its advantages and disadvantages, but traveling in a group isn’t easy either. In a group, everyone wants something different. Be patient and understanding, and try to find a compromise (妥协).??36??And remember: if you take everyone’s views into account before you go, you won’t have so many arguments!
????????37?
?????? Before you go, find out about the country’s culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language.??38??If you say just a few words in their language, the local people will really appreciate it, and everyone will feel more comfortable.
?????? Be responsible.
?????? It’s really important to be a responsible tourist and to try to support the local economy.??39??We stayed in private homes in different parts of?Cuba. Our hosts were really kind-hearted and their generosity was amazing. If you stay with a family, you’ll find out much more about your hosts’ culture and way of life.??40??Seeing the sights and learning about the culture with local Cubans was truly exciting. If we had stayed in a hotel, we wouldn’t have had these experiences.
A. Do your homework.
B. Think about the environment.
C. Don’t be embarrassed by your accent.
D. I decided to spend the summer in?Cuba?with some friends.
E. Be adaptable, so that you can deal with unexpected changes.
F. For example, why not stay with a local family instead of in a big hotel?
G. They will probably take you to places the guidebooks don’t tell you about.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
?????? When I became CEO of a hospital, I feared one thing greatly — public speaking. I’ve always??41??public speaking because I??42??thought I did it very well.??43??in?this high position, presentations are a big part of my??44?. Just recently, I was the??45??for the ribbon-cutting ceremony of our new building. I also spoke to the Rotary Club and was on the??46??for our annual gala (庆典) where I??47??introductions and awards presentations.
????? Soon after I took the job, my wife and I went to??48??with a married couple who both hold high??49??like me in their companies. As we ate, I started complaining (抱怨) about how I had to do so much??50?, and Bob, the husband, said something that really??51??me. He said that, as a CEO, the most??52??aspect of my job was public speaking! The days of having to prove my??53??in?other areas were over; I had obviously done that to get where I was. Communication skills were all I??54??now. And he was??55?. I realized I needed to make the time to properly??56??and practice for each speaking situation.
?????? So, I’ve??57??that. I now schedule time into my workday calendar to write and practice my??58?. I spend a long time perfecting the presentation before I ever stand in front of a group to??59??it. When I take the time first to write a presentation, I’ll??60??a?much better, more finished product.
41. A. missed ????????????? B. hated
C. forgotten ? ? ? ? ? ?D. appreciated
42. A. still ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. never?
C. always ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. sometimes
43. A. And ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. So?????
C. But ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. Or
44. A. time ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. life ???
C. job ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. plan
45. A. host ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. reporter
C. guest ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??D. actor
46. A. way ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. side
C. stage ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. phone
47. A. collected ? ? ? ? B. recorded
C. accepted ? ? ? ? ? ? D. handled
48. A. market ? ? ? ? ? ? B. dinner
C. hospital ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. church
49. A. situations ? ? ? ? B. levels
C. standards ? ? ? ? ? ?D. positions
50. A. writing ? ? ? ? ? ? B. teaching
C. speaking ? ? ? ? ? ? D. awarding
51. A. frightened ? ? ? B. affected
C. troubled ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. confused
52. A. satisfying ? ? ? ? B. important
C. worrying ? ? ? ? ? ? D. difficult
53. A. interests ? ? ? ? ? B. points
C. skills ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. personalities
54. A. enjoyed ? ? ? ? ? B. wasted
C. shared ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. needed
55. A. right ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. perfect
C. polite ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. friendly
56. A. wait ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. search
C. prepare ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. hunt
57. A. done ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. lost
C. spread ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. discussed
58. A. statements ? ? ? B. explanations
C. presentations ? ? ? ?D. introductions
59. A. hold ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. change
C. attend ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. deliver
60. A. come across ? B. depend on
C. pay attention to ? ? D. end up with
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world. The Internet has turned the world 61. ________ a “global village” in which everyone needs 62. ________ (talk) to each other — and so often nowadays that means in English. 63. ________ is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. But what will that form of English be like? 64. ________ (traditional), British English has been taught across the world, but it is only one variety. Experts believe that the future shape and grammar of English, especially in its 65. ________ (speak) form, will no longer 66. ________ (determine) in the traditional English-speaking countries like?Britain?and?America?but in the rest of Europe, Asia and?Africa.
?????? A new pattern of 67. ________ (use) English is developing. That does not look the same to native speakers as “traditional” English. Researchers are now investigating “non-native” English 68. ________ is a new form of the language with changes in grammar, 69. ________ (pronounce) and meaning. Often meanings and words from other languages find their way into English to produce a new dialect. All of these 70. ________ (process) are a form of natural evolution.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
???????增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
???????删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
???????修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
???????注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
?????? I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school. At the first, I felt very lonely because I hardly know anybody. I couldn’t got on well with my classmates and just looked forward to go back home to meet my parents. I even couldn’t concentrate my subjects. However, as time went by, I gradually adapted me to the school life. I made many new friend and often took part in activities, in that I improved my communicating skills. As I had a lot of interested things to do, I finally enjoyed my school life. Now, whenever I think of my first boarding school experience, I think of it as being instructive and unforgettably.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Ann将到你市某中学学习。以下是她给你发来的邮件中的部分内容，请根据节选内容用英语给她回一封邮件。
You know, I’m about to start studying at?Yuying?High School. Have you got any tips for me? Things to remember, things to avoid? I’d be grateful if you could write to me.
注意：1.?词数100左右；
2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
?
?
选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
?????? A baby may fall back asleep at 2 am to a gentle song, but new music designed to help adults relax sounds rather different from?Rock-a-bye Baby.
?????? Boston-based start-up Sync Project uses biometrics (生物统计学) to play music that fits your mood (心情). Its Unwind app measures your heart beat via your smartphone and uses these readings to play different songs by?UK?band Marconi Union. After listening, you take a brief survey on how relaxed you feel.
???????“Music can be used for everyday wellness as well as for clinical (临床的) applications,”?says Sync Project co-founder Ketki Karanam. Sleep and relaxation was an obvious place to start.?“We decided to start by focusing on relaxation as?we felt that was one area where people were using music to calm themselves down or relax,” she says.
?????? As well as the Unwind app, the company plans to collect biometric data from attendees at an overnight performance of composer Max Richter’s 8-hour album?Sleep, designed to help people nod off, in?London?next month. Concertgoers will be invited to wear activity-tracking OURA rings, which also measure heart rate and body temperature. In addition, the volunteers will wear the rings while going to sleep at home, with and without the help of Richter’s music.
?????? By analyzing these readings, the Sync Project team finally aims to develop its own artificial intelligence-based tools that will use music to improve general well-being and even treat clinical conditions.
?????? “Music has certain obvious ways it can excite or relax us, but there are limits and it certainly can’t replace real treatments,” says David Eagleman at?Stanford?University?in?California, who was an adviser to Richter on the?Sleep?album.
?????? Music can help with insomnia (失眠症) or pain relief, says Kevin Morgan, director of the Clinical Sleep Research Unit at Loughborough University, UK.?“That said, if the presenting insomnia is so’mild’ it can be effectively managed with Spotify (which gives you access to millions of songs), it’s unlikely to have been a major clinical problem in the first place,” he says.
1. What can users benefit from the Unwind app??
A. Have a health check.
B. Prevent heart attack.
C. Fall asleep quickly.
D. Become calm.
2. What does the Sync Project team want to find by analyzing the biometric data?
A. How babies fall back to sleep quickly.
B. How music might affect sleep and relaxation.
C. How body temperature changes during the night.
D. How music tools help people appreciate music.
3. What’s David Eagleman’s attitude towards music treating clinical conditions?
A. Curious.??????????????????
B. Doubtful.
C. Favorable.????????
D. Disappointed.
4. Which of the following does Kevin Morgan probably agree with?
A. Music only works on mild insomnia.
B. Insomnia isn’t a clinical condition at all.
C. Music can’t be used for clinical applications.
D. Mild insomnia cured by music doesn’t require medical help.
?
B
?????? Murray River paddle steamers (明轮船) have been around for more than 160 years, but only a few of the original historical boats are still afloat today.
The popularity of these boats peaked (达到高峰) in the late 1800s, but dropped by the early 1900s, a time which saw many paddle boats abandoned. Those which did survive did so through the hard work of a few enthusiastic people who have taken it upon themselves to restore (修复) them. And that process is not quick, easy, or cheap.
?????? Robert O’Callaghan knows this all too well — the South Australian man from Mannum has just funded the restoration of the 130-year-old Paddle Boat?Mayflower. It took two-and-a-half years and a team of skilled volunteers. He and his wife, Pam, have bought and restored several old boats, and so when they saw the PB?Mayflower?in disrepair on a riverbank, they selflessly decided to gift it to the?Mannum?Dock?Museum?and bring it back to life for everyone to enjoy.
?????? “The world is?strewn with?half-restored boats,” Mr O’Callaghan said. “There are millions of them around the world — projects that get started and don’t get finished.”
?????? The buying price is only the entry fee to the game. “The real cost of it is endless, which is why people don’t buy them,” he said.
Robert Bowring, who grew up on the?Murray River?in Mildura, has volunteered his time to work on the most-recent restoration of the PB?Mayflower. He says the cost of restorations is worth it if it means it’s afloat and around for future generations.
?????? Now afloat and taking passengers, the PB?Mayflower?has recently taken her latest voyage up the Murray River from her home in Mannum to Wentworth to be part of a flotilla (小型舰队) of six restored paddle boats. The flotilla was a gathering in celebration of Captain Alby Pointon, who made a great contribution to the survival of these boats today, after first restoring them in the 1950s and 1960s. “With the foresight of people like Captain Alby Pointon, many of these boats would not be here today,” Mr O’Callaghan said.
5. What can we learn about the paddle steamers on the?Murray River?
A. They were mostly built in the early 1900s.
B. They can’t be seen on the?Murray River?now.
C. They have been popular for more than 160 years.
D. They were a common sight in the late 19th century.
6. What did Robert O’Callaghan do?
A. He sent gifts to skilled volunteers.
B. He helped repair the?Mannum?Dock?Museum.
C. He offered money for the restoration of the?Mayflower.
D. He brought several boats back to life in two and a half years.
7. What does the underlined phrase “strewn with” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Full of.????????????? ? ???
B. Proud of.
C. Bored with.?????????????
D. Worried about.
8. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Restoration can never be an easy job
B. More volunteers are needed to restore paddle steamers
C. Paddle steamers kept afloat thanks to enthusiastic restorers
D. Future generations will have no chance to see paddle steamers
参考答案
21-25 BDDBC?? ? 26-30 ADDAD???
31-35 BBACC ????? 36-40 EACFG ??? 41-45 BBCCA?
46-50 CDBDC?????? 51-55 BBCDA 56-60 CACDD
61. into? ?????? 62. to talk? ?? 63. It?
64. Traditionally? ?????? 65. spoken? ?
66. be determined? ????? 67. using? ???? 68. which / that
69. pronunciation? ?????? 70. processes
短文改错
71. At the first ... ??????????????? ??????去掉the?????
72. ... I hardly know ...???????? ????? know?→?knew
73. I couldn’t got on well ...? ????? got?→?get?
74. ... looked forward to go ...???? ?go?→?going
75. ... concentrate my subjects.? ???concentrate后加on
76. ... adapted me to ...? ??????????me?→?myself?
77. ... many new friend ...????????? friend?→?friends
78. ... in that I ...????????????????? ???? ??that?→?which
79. ... interested things ...????? ??? ???interested?→?interesting
80. ... and unforgettably. ??????????unforgettably?→?unforgettable
书面表达
One possible version：??????
Dear Ann,
I’m glad to hear that you’re about to start studying at?Yuying?High School. I’m writing to offer you some tips.
?????? First, make plans for your studies, as you’ll find there are more subjects to take and more assignments to finish. Second, develop a habit of taking notes in class, which helps you to review what you learn after class. Third, express your ideas in class and take an active part in class activities, which can help your teachers and classmates learn more about you. More importantly, never stay up late. You’ll learn more and do better if you’re well rested.
I hope you will find my suggestions useful.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Yours,
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Li Hua
?
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇?(学校生活)
本文是应用文。文章是一则课堂信息指南。
21. B。细节理解题。由Class schedule部分的The class is held ... every Monday and Wednesday evening可知，Dr. Lucia Mendez的课每周上两次。
22. D。细节理解题。由Grading部分的A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class可知，要想通过Dr. Lucia Mendez的课程，学生必须要拿到B或以上的综合成绩。
23. D。细节理解题。由Assistance outside class部分的If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320)可知，Dr. Lucia Mendez的办公室位于320室，学生们可以到这里向该老师咨询请教问题。
B篇?(周围的环境)
本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一项让Scott兄弟俩可以更加独立地生活的残疾人住宿支持服务。
24.?? B。细节理解题。由第三段的The five-bedroom house provides 24-hour care for up to four individuals with complex needs可知，这个房子可以住4个人。
25.?? C。细节理解题。由第四段的their parents who had to wake them several times each night to reposition them or place them on breathing machines可知，父母晚上起来是因为要查看Scott和Daniel两兄弟的呼吸状况。
26.?? A。推理判断题。由第四段的it placed a physical and emotional strain on their parents和第五段Scott?说的We were heavyhearted可知，他感到内疚。
27. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的The home is Scott and Daniel's home, however it is also a workplace for their support staff. Balancing these two requirements has been a challenge for all可知，同时满足服务人员和被照顾者的需求是个挑战。
C?篇?(自然)
本文是说明文。研究发现，狒狒能够发出五种类似人类元音的声音。
28. D。推理判断题。由第一段的researchers report Guinea baboons ... make five vowellike sounds similar to those used by humans. The findings back up a recent study showing Japanese macaques (a type of monkey) are also able to make some speech sounds可知，这两项研究有着相似的发现。
29. A。词义猜测题。第三段的a misunderstanding of the monkey larynx可知，本段介绍了科学家对猿类喉部结构的错误认识。过去科学家认为，猿类的喉部比人类的位置高，因此它们不能发出元音。可是人类婴儿喉部的位置也高，他们却能够发出元音。这一事实应该是让Fagot和他的同事们感到困惑。
30. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的the monkeys' tongues have the same muscles as human tongues. This shows they can make exact movements to form each vowellike sound可知，狒狒用它们的舌头发出类似元音的声音。
31. B。写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文报道了一项关于动物语言的研究成果。
D篇?(文娱与体育)
本文是记叙文。文章是对在推动美国民权运动方面所做出孜孜不倦努力的黑人棒球运动员Jackie Robinson的介绍。
32. B。细节理解题。由第一段的broke the color line of America's national game和第二段的white audience could see his great talent from any seat in the stadium可知，Jackie Robinson是通过自己在棒球赛场上出色的表现改变了白人对黑人球员的偏见。
33. A。篇章结构题。由第三段的positive civil rights changes ... in the African-American community和划线部分前的speak publicly to blacks in U.S. cities about ending segregation可知，Jackie Robinson利用比赛的机会向美国黑人公开宣讲关于终结球场上的种族隔离和如何维护他们自己的权利。故这里的权利指的是美国黑人的权利。
34. C。细节理解题。由第一段的his efforts in the civil rights movement ... were equally important and often ignored和最后一段的baseball achievements may be more widely known than his tireless efforts in the civil rights movement可知，Jackie Robinson在美国民权运动方面做出的努力不如他在赛场上取得的成就更为世人所知。
35. C。标题归纳题。本文旨在介绍美国黑人棒球运动员Jackie Robinson，他不仅是一位伟大的球员，更是在推动美国民权运动方面做出了孜孜不倦的努力。C项作标题更符合本文主旨。
第二节
话题：旅游与交通
本文是说明文。作者通过亲身经历介绍了外出旅游之前的一些注意事项。
36. E。E项中的Be adaptable与上文的try to find a compromise相呼应。他认为跟好几个朋友一起出行时要学会妥协、善于应变，这样可以减少争论的发生。
37. A。由下文的Before you go, find out about the country's culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language可知，出行前要对目的地国家的文化和语言有基本的了解，也就是做功课。
38. C。由上下文的some basic words and useful phrases in the local language和say just a few words in their language可知，作者认为会说一些当地的语言很重要，只要能说出来，不要担忧口音问题。
39. F。F项中的建议why not stay with a local family与文中作者提及他的亲身经历We stayed in private homes in different parts of Cuba相呼应。
40. G。此段作者对比了住在当地人家中和住在旅店的不同。G项中的They ... take you to places the guidebooks don't tell you about和上文提到的find out much more about your hosts' culture and way of life都是作者认为住在当地人家中的好处。
?
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：个人情况
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了害怕公众演讲的作者与友人交谈后开始积极改变的故事。
41. B。42. B。由上文的I feared one thing greatly?—?public speaking可知，作者“讨厌（hated）”?公众演讲，因为他“从不（never）”觉得自己能做好这件事。
43. C。“作者讨厌公众演讲”和“他身居要职不得不演讲”之间是转折关系，故用But。
44. C。由上文的I became CEO of a hospital可知，作为医院的CEO，做演讲是作者“工作（job）”中重要的一部分。
45. A。46. C。47. D。由作者身居要职不得不演讲可知，他是医院新楼落成剪彩仪式上的“主持人（host）”，同时还出现在庆典的“舞台（stage）”上“进行（handled）”各种介绍和颁奖陈词。on the stage本意为“登台演出”，此处指作者出现在庆典仪式的舞台上。
48. B。由下文的As we ate推测，作者和妻子是与另外一对夫妇去吃“饭（dinner）”。
49. D。由上文作者对自己的介绍became CEO ... in this high position以及本段对这对夫妇的介绍both ... like me in their companies可知，这对夫妇也像作者一样身居要“职（positions）”。
50. C。由上文作者恐惧公众演讲但不得不讲可知，他抱怨自己做了太多的“演说（speaking）”。
51. B。由下文作者与友人交谈之后的改变可知，Bob的话“影响（affected）”了他。
52. B。由上文的presentations are a big part可知，Bob认为作为CEO，公众演讲是工作中最“重要的（important）”一部分。
53. C。54. D。由下文的I had obviously done that to get where I was和Communication skills可知，已经走到CEO这个位置的作者，想要证明自己在其他领域的“技能（skills）”的那些日子已经结束，而他现在“需要（needed）”的是交流技能。
55. A。由下文的I realized I needed to make the time to ...可知，作者认为Bob的话是“对的（right）”。
56. C。由下文的write and practice可知，作者意识到他需要花时间为每一次演讲“做准备（prepare）”和练习。
57. A。由下文作者的行动I now schedule time into my workday calendar to ...可知，他意识到需要改变并为此“付出行动（done）”。
58. C。由下文的perfecting the presentation可知，作者安排出时间写和练习他的“演讲（presentations）”。
59. D。在公众面前“发表（deliver）”演讲之前作者会花很长的时间来完善他的演讲。
60.?? D。由上文的I spend a long time perfecting the presentation before I ever stand in front of a group to ... it可知，作者花时间好好写一份演讲，“最终会收获（end up with）”一份更加完善的作品。
第二节
61. into。考查介词。turn ... into ...?意为“把……变为……”。
62. to talk。考查不定式作宾语的用法。need在此为实义动词，后常跟不定式作宾语。
63. It。考查it的用法。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，故填It。
64. Traditionally。考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，故填Traditionally（传统上）。
65. spoken。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰form，表示“口头上的”，故填spoken。
66. be determined。考查被动语态。句子主语the future shape and grammar of English与determine之间是被动关系，且设空处前有助动词will，故填be determined。
67. using。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语，故填using。
68. which / that。考查关系代词。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词English，且在从句中作主语，故填which / that。
69. pronunciation。考查名词。设空处与grammar和meaning并列作介词in的宾语，故填pronunciation。
70. processes。考查名词复数。由these以及are可知，应填复数名词processes。
?
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DBBD ??????????? 5-8 DCAC
解析
A篇?(科普知识与现代技术)
本文是说明文。一家科技公司正在研发一项可以自动选择符合用户心情的音乐来改善人体健康并用于医学治疗的人工智能系统。
1. D。推理判断题。由第二段的?... uses these readings to play different songs ... After listening, you take a brief survey on how relaxed you feel和第三段的people were using music to calm themselves down or relax可知，Unwind是一款利用生物统计学根据用户心情播放音乐的应用程序，用户在听到舒缓的音乐之后可以得到放松。
2. B。推理判断题。由第三段的Sleep and relaxation was an obvious place to start ...?where people were using music to calm themselves down or relax和第五段的aims to develop its own artificial intelligence-based tools that will use music to improve general well-being and even treat clinical conditions可知，该公司通过分析这些数据，了解音乐对人的睡眠和放松状况的影响，从而研发出利用音乐可以改善人体健康并用于医学治疗的人工智能工具。
3. B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段David Eagleman的观点Music has certain obvious ways it can excite or relax us, but there are limits and it certainly can't replace real treatments可知，他对音乐治疗临床病症的疗效持怀疑的态度。
4. D。细节理解题。由最后一段的if the presenting insomnia is so?‘mild' it can be effectively managed with Spotify ... it's unlikely to have been a major clinical problem in the first place可知，Kevin Morgan认为能通过音乐改善的失眠是不需要通过医疗手段干预的。
B篇?(历史与地理)
本文是记叙文。经过修复者的努力，墨累河上再现明轮船的身影。
5. D。细节理解题。由第二段中的The popularity of these boats peaked in the late 1800s可知，19世纪后期明轮船盛行。
6. C。细节理解题。由第三段的Robert O'Callaghan knows this all too well?—?the South Australian man from Mannum has just funded the restoration of the 130-year-old Paddle Boat Mayflower可知，他主要是为修复船只提供资金援助。
7. A。词义猜测题。由划线词之后的There are millions of them around the world?—?projects that get started and don't get finished可知，这里应该是说世界上有很多这样未被修复的船只。
8. C。标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是经过很多修复者的努力，明轮船得以再现墨累河。C项概括较全面。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Spanish for?Health-care Workers
Instructor: Dr. Lucia Mendez
Class schedule
?????? The class is held in Room 203 every Monday and Wednesday evening from 6:30 to 8:15?p.m. You are expected to attend every class and to arrive on time. Please speak with the instructor about any unavoidable absences.
?????? Assignments
?????? We will use the text?Spanish for Health-care Workers. Students are required to read one or more chapters before each class (see reading schedule). In addition, each student will prepare an oral presentation to give to the class before the end of the term. The Language Laboratory, Room 302, is open Monday－Friday from 9:30 a.m. until 8:30 p.m.
In addition to attending class, each student must complete a weekly exercise in the lab.
?????? Grading
?????? There will be four to five tests throughout the term in addition to a midterm and a final exam. Missed tests or exams will count against your grade; there will be no make-ups. The breakdown for calculating (计算) each student’s final mark is as follows: tests and exams — 50 percent; oral presentation — 30 percent; class participation — 20 percent. A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class.
?????? Assistance outside class
?????? If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320) are 5:00?－?6:30 p.m. on Mondays and Wednesdays. The Language Lab staff is also available to help you with your assignments. In addition, individual (单独的) Spanish instructors are available. Please talk to the staff in the Language Lab for more information about instructors.
21.?? What can we learn about the class by Dr. Lucia Mendez?
A. It has no homework.
B. It meets twice weekly.
C. It is a one-to-one class.
D. It allows make-up exams.
22.?? What’s the standard of passing Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class?
A. Getting full marks for the oral presentation.
B. Completing a daily exercise in the lab.
C. Attending 50 percent of his classes.
D. Receiving a grade of B or higher.
23.?? What can students do in Room 320?
A. Give an oral presentation.
B. Complete a weekly practice.
C. Attend Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class.
D. Turn to Dr. Lucia Mendez for advice.
B
Scott and Daniel Harry are enjoying everyday tasks like shopping and washing for the first time following their move to an accommodation support house in Kurwongbah, north of?Brisbane?last year.
?????? Disability Services Queensland’s Streng-thening Non-Government Organisations project provided an accommodation support model that would enable residents (居住者) like Daniel and Scott to live more independently.
?????? The house is just one of many accommodation support services funded (资助) through the project. The five-bedroom house provides 24-hour care for up to four individuals with complex needs, including medical support. Care and staffing levels are varied and flexible, depending on each resident’s requirements.
?????? Scott and Daniel, who have a severe form of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, require 24-hour support in all activities of daily living. Before they moved to the house, they lived with their family. Scott says living at home was difficult as it placed a physical and emotional strain (负担) on their parents who had to wake them several times each night to reposition them or place them on breathing machines.
?????? “We were heavyhearted,” says Scott, who is planning to write a book about his life experiences. “But our parents now have a lot more time for themselves. We now manage ourselves on a day-to-day basis.”
?????? Daniel is an enthusiastic gardener, taking care of his own vegetable garden. The men share the house with one other young man, and they go to rugby league games, meeting up with friends.
?????? Leeding Care?Australia?provides the care service at Kurwongbah. Manager Lee Garniss says setting up the facilities has not been without its challenges (挑战).
?????? “It is an unconventional model of care,” Lee says. “The home is Scott and Daniel’s home, however it is also a workplace for their support staff. Balancing these two requirements has been a challenge for all.”
?????? “We have experienced a bit of a learning phase over the last twelve months. However, by working as a team we try our best to meet the needs of both residents and staff and I think we have achieved the right balance.”
24.?? What do we know about the house Scott and Daniel live in now?
A. It was built by their parents.
B. It can accommodate four residents.
C. It belongs to a governmental project.
D. It’s located in the center of?Brisbane.
25.?? Why did Scott and Daniel’s parents wake up frequently at night?
A. To help them do exercise.
B. They were making a lot of noise.
C. To check on their breathing.
D. They were under emotional pressure.
26.?? How did Scott feel while living with his parents?
A. A bit guilty. ????????????
B. Quite happy.
C. Very proud.?????????????
D. Slightly angry.
27.?? What was a challenge while setting up the facilities?
A. Lack of fund.??????????
B. No workplace.
C. Inexperienced staff members.
D. Satisfying both staff and residents’ needs.
C
?
?????? For many years, scientists thought that monkeys could not produce vowels (元音), sounds that are very important to human speech. But now, researchers report?Guinea?baboons, monkeys that live in?West Africa, make five vowellike sounds similar to those used by humans. The findings back up a recent study showing Japanese macaques (a type of monkey) are also able to make some speech sounds.?
???????“It perfectly confirms our own results,”?says William Tecumseh Fitch, a biologist at the University of Vienna and the lead author of the macaque study. The discovery?“provides more evidence that scientists have misunderstood monkeys’ vocal tract (声道).”
?????? That mistake comes from a misunderstanding of the monkey larynx (喉部)?—?the part in the throat where voice is produced.?“It was thought in order to make vowels, you had to have a low larynx (voice box), as humans do,”?says Joel Fagot, a scientist at Aix-Marseille University in France and an author of the new study. Because monkey larynxes are set much higher than our own, scientists thought this difference explained why monkeys could not produce vowels. Yet human babies with high larynxes can also pronounce vowels, a fact that?perplexed?Fagot and his colleagues (同事).
?????? To find out, Fagot, his colleagues and the study’s first author, Louis-Jean Boe from?Grenoble?Alpes?University?in?France, recorded 1,404 calls of 15?Guinea?baboons. Their analysis of their calls shows that the baboons produced at least five different sounds that match vowels in the International Phonetic Alphabet (国际音标). That’s quite comparable with many human languages, most of which have three to five vowels.
?????? The scientists also checked the vocal tracts of two baboons that died of natural causes. They found the monkeys’ tongues have the same muscles (肌肉) as human tongues. This shows they can make exact movements to form each vowellike sound. It is this ability to control the tongue, rather than the position of the larynx, that is key to producing vowellike sounds.
?????? “This is extremely important research,” says John Esling, a language expert at the?University?of?Victoria?in?Canada.
28.?? What can we learn about the two studies mentioned in the first paragraph?
?A. They both looked at baboons.?
B. They both met with doubts.???
C. They made the same mistakes.
? D. They had similar discoveries.
29.?? What does the underlined word “perplexed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
?A. Confused. ??????? B. Amazed.
C. Encouraged. ?????????? D. Attracted.
30.?? How do the baboons make vowellike sounds?
A. Using their high larynxes.
B. Using their low larynxes.?
C. Using their lip muscles. D. Using their tongues.
31.?? What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To compare human and animal languages.
B. To report a study on animal speech.
C. To explain monkeys’ vocal tract.
D. To support research on vowels.
D
?????? When baseball games start in?America?every spring, one April day is always used to honor Jackie Robinson, the man who broke the color line of?America’s national game. While his achievements on the baseball field were impressive, his efforts in the civil rights movement, according to his wife Rachel Robinson, were equally important and often ignored.
?????? The spirited way Jackie Robinson played baseball for the?Brooklyn?Dodgers could show his focus on civil rights. From the beginning of the “Great Experiment” of having African-Americans in?baseball, he knew that his performance on the field would influence sports segregation (隔离). Jackie gradually changed jeers (嘲讽) and shouts into cheers and acceptance because white audience could see his great talent from any seat in the stadium. Jackie became a highly respected figure by continually succeeding on and off the field.
?????? The vast amount of energy Jackie spent avoiding many unexpected difficulties could have caused an ordinary man to lose heart; rather, Jackie tried his best to increase his efforts for positive civil rights changes, both in his sport and in the African-American community at large. While many athletes today use their status to live as super stars, Jackie always made use of his status to advance the civil rights movement. He often used his baseball travels as opportunities to speak publicly to blacks in?U.S.?cities about ending segregation and defending?their rights.
?????? Post-baseball, Jackie became a businessman, but he still found time to write letters and telegrams to various?U.S.?presidents during the civil rights movement. He had the status to demand that they too remain firmly focused on civil rights measures.
?????? Though Jackie Robinson’s baseball achievements may be more widely known than his tireless efforts in the civil rights movement, his surprising courage on the baseball field was itself a positive standpoint against segregation and inequality.
32.?? How did Jackie Robinson change whites’ attitude to black baseball players?
A. Through his political speeches.?
B. Through his excellent performance.?
C. Through his letters to the government.
D. Through his efforts to popularize baseball.?
33.?? What does the underlined part “their rights” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Blacks’ rights.??? ???
B. Athletes’ rights.
C. Super stars’ rights.??? ???
D. Businessmen’s rights.
34.?? What can we learn about Jackie Robinson’s efforts to end segregation?
A. They won him the status of a super star in the?U.S.
B. They started after he became a businessman.
C. They are less known than his baseball achievements.??
D. They led to the start of the “Great Experiment”.
35.?? What would be the best title for the text?
A. Jackie Robinson: A loyal guardian of?America
B. Jackie Robinson: The greatest baseball player
C. Jackie Robinson: More than a baseball player
D. Jackie Robinson: An unsuccessful businessman
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
?????? Traveling independently for the first time can be stressful (充满压力的) if you don’t plan your trip carefully. In?Cuba, my friends and I really learned the value of planning ahead and being responsible tourists. So, before you set off, take a look at my list of useful tips:
?????? Plan who to go with.
?????? Think about your travel buddies (朋友) carefully. Traveling with just one person has its advantages and disadvantages, but traveling in a group isn’t easy either. In a group, everyone wants something different. Be patient and understanding, and try to find a compromise (妥协).??36??And remember: if you take everyone’s views into account before you go, you won’t have so many arguments!
????????37?
?????? Before you go, find out about the country’s culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language.??38??If you say just a few words in their language, the local people will really appreciate it, and everyone will feel more comfortable.
?????? Be responsible.
?????? It’s really important to be a responsible tourist and to try to support the local economy.??39??We stayed in private homes in different parts of?Cuba. Our hosts were really kind-hearted and their generosity was amazing. If you stay with a family, you’ll find out much more about your hosts’ culture and way of life.??40??Seeing the sights and learning about the culture with local Cubans was truly exciting. If we had stayed in a hotel, we wouldn’t have had these experiences.
A. Do your homework.
B. Think about the environment.
C. Don’t be embarrassed by your accent.
D. I decided to spend the summer in?Cuba?with some friends.
E. Be adaptable, so that you can deal with unexpected changes.
F. For example, why not stay with a local family instead of in a big hotel?
G. They will probably take you to places the guidebooks don’t tell you about.
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
?????? When I became CEO of a hospital, I feared one thing greatly — public speaking. I’ve always??41??public speaking because I??42??thought I did it very well.??43??in?this high position, presentations are a big part of my??44?. Just recently, I was the??45??for the ribbon-cutting ceremony of our new building. I also spoke to the Rotary Club and was on the??46??for our annual gala (庆典) where I??47??introductions and awards presentations.
????? Soon after I took the job, my wife and I went to??48??with a married couple who both hold high??49??like me in their companies. As we ate, I started complaining (抱怨) about how I had to do so much??50?, and Bob, the husband, said something that really??51??me. He said that, as a CEO, the most??52??aspect of my job was public speaking! The days of having to prove my??53??in?other areas were over; I had obviously done that to get where I was. Communication skills were all I??54??now. And he was??55?. I realized I needed to make the time to properly??56??and practice for each speaking situation.
?????? So, I’ve??57??that. I now schedule time into my workday calendar to write and practice my??58?. I spend a long time perfecting the presentation before I ever stand in front of a group to??59??it. When I take the time first to write a presentation, I’ll??60??a?much better, more finished product.
41. A. missed ????????????? B. hated
C. forgotten ? ? ? ? ? ?D. appreciated
42. A. still ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. never?
C. always ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. sometimes
43. A. And ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. So?????
C. But ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. Or
44. A. time ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. life ???
C. job ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. plan
45. A. host ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. reporter
C. guest ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??D. actor
46. A. way ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. side
C. stage ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. phone
47. A. collected ? ? ? ? B. recorded
C. accepted ? ? ? ? ? ? D. handled
48. A. market ? ? ? ? ? ? B. dinner
C. hospital ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. church
49. A. situations ? ? ? ? B. levels
C. standards ? ? ? ? ? ?D. positions
50. A. writing ? ? ? ? ? ? B. teaching
C. speaking ? ? ? ? ? ? D. awarding
51. A. frightened ? ? ? B. affected
C. troubled ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. confused
52. A. satisfying ? ? ? ? B. important
C. worrying ? ? ? ? ? ? D. difficult
53. A. interests ? ? ? ? ? B. points
C. skills ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. personalities
54. A. enjoyed ? ? ? ? ? B. wasted
C. shared ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. needed
55. A. right ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. perfect
C. polite ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. friendly
56. A. wait ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. search
C. prepare ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. hunt
57. A. done ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. lost
C. spread ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. discussed
58. A. statements ? ? ? B. explanations
C. presentations ? ? ? ?D. introductions
59. A. hold ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. change
C. attend ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. deliver
60. A. come across ? B. depend on
C. pay attention to ? ? D. end up with
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world. The Internet has turned the world 61. ________ a “global village” in which everyone needs 62. ________ (talk) to each other — and so often nowadays that means in English. 63. ________ is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. But what will that form of English be like? 64. ________ (traditional), British English has been taught across the world, but it is only one variety. Experts believe that the future shape and grammar of English, especially in its 65. ________ (speak) form, will no longer 66. ________ (determine) in the traditional English-speaking countries like?Britain?and?America?but in the rest of Europe, Asia and?Africa.
?????? A new pattern of 67. ________ (use) English is developing. That does not look the same to native speakers as “traditional” English. Researchers are now investigating “non-native” English 68. ________ is a new form of the language with changes in grammar, 69. ________ (pronounce) and meaning. Often meanings and words from other languages find their way into English to produce a new dialect. All of these 70. ________ (process) are a form of natural evolution.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
???????增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
???????删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
???????修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
???????注意：1.?每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.?只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
?????? I finished my junior middle school in a boarding school. At the first, I felt very lonely because I hardly know anybody. I couldn’t got on well with my classmates and just looked forward to go back home to meet my parents. I even couldn’t concentrate my subjects. However, as time went by, I gradually adapted me to the school life. I made many new friend and often took part in activities, in that I improved my communicating skills. As I had a lot of interested things to do, I finally enjoyed my school life. Now, whenever I think of my first boarding school experience, I think of it as being instructive and unforgettably.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Ann将到你市某中学学习。以下是她给你发来的邮件中的部分内容，请根据节选内容用英语给她回一封邮件。
You know, I’m about to start studying at?Yuying?High School. Have you got any tips for me? Things to remember, things to avoid? I’d be grateful if you could write to me.
注意：1.?词数100左右；
2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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选做题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
?????? A baby may fall back asleep at 2 am to a gentle song, but new music designed to help adults relax sounds rather different from?Rock-a-bye Baby.
?????? Boston-based start-up Sync Project uses biometrics (生物统计学) to play music that fits your mood (心情). Its Unwind app measures your heart beat via your smartphone and uses these readings to play different songs by?UK?band Marconi Union. After listening, you take a brief survey on how relaxed you feel.
???????“Music can be used for everyday wellness as well as for clinical (临床的) applications,”?says Sync Project co-founder Ketki Karanam. Sleep and relaxation was an obvious place to start.?“We decided to start by focusing on relaxation as?we felt that was one area where people were using music to calm themselves down or relax,” she says.
?????? As well as the Unwind app, the company plans to collect biometric data from attendees at an overnight performance of composer Max Richter’s 8-hour album?Sleep, designed to help people nod off, in?London?next month. Concertgoers will be invited to wear activity-tracking OURA rings, which also measure heart rate and body temperature. In addition, the volunteers will wear the rings while going to sleep at home, with and without the help of Richter’s music.
?????? By analyzing these readings, the Sync Project team finally aims to develop its own artificial intelligence-based tools that will use music to improve general well-being and even treat clinical conditions.
?????? “Music has certain obvious ways it can excite or relax us, but there are limits and it certainly can’t replace real treatments,” says David Eagleman at?Stanford?University?in?California, who was an adviser to Richter on the?Sleep?album.
?????? Music can help with insomnia (失眠症) or pain relief, says Kevin Morgan, director of the Clinical Sleep Research Unit at Loughborough University, UK.?“That said, if the presenting insomnia is so’mild’ it can be effectively managed with Spotify (which gives you access to millions of songs), it’s unlikely to have been a major clinical problem in the first place,” he says.
1. What can users benefit from the Unwind app??
A. Have a health check.
B. Prevent heart attack.
C. Fall asleep quickly.
D. Become calm.
2. What does the Sync Project team want to find by analyzing the biometric data?
A. How babies fall back to sleep quickly.
B. How music might affect sleep and relaxation.
C. How body temperature changes during the night.
D. How music tools help people appreciate music.
3. What’s David Eagleman’s attitude towards music treating clinical conditions?
A. Curious.??????????????????
B. Doubtful.
C. Favorable.????????
D. Disappointed.
4. Which of the following does Kevin Morgan probably agree with?
A. Music only works on mild insomnia.
B. Insomnia isn’t a clinical condition at all.
C. Music can’t be used for clinical applications.
D. Mild insomnia cured by music doesn’t require medical help.
?
B
?????? Murray River paddle steamers (明轮船) have been around for more than 160 years, but only a few of the original historical boats are still afloat today.
The popularity of these boats peaked (达到高峰) in the late 1800s, but dropped by the early 1900s, a time which saw many paddle boats abandoned. Those which did survive did so through the hard work of a few enthusiastic people who have taken it upon themselves to restore (修复) them. And that process is not quick, easy, or cheap.
?????? Robert O’Callaghan knows this all too well — the South Australian man from Mannum has just funded the restoration of the 130-year-old Paddle Boat?Mayflower. It took two-and-a-half years and a team of skilled volunteers. He and his wife, Pam, have bought and restored several old boats, and so when they saw the PB?Mayflower?in disrepair on a riverbank, they selflessly decided to gift it to the?Mannum?Dock?Museum?and bring it back to life for everyone to enjoy.
?????? “The world is?strewn with?half-restored boats,” Mr O’Callaghan said. “There are millions of them around the world — projects that get started and don’t get finished.”
?????? The buying price is only the entry fee to the game. “The real cost of it is endless, which is why people don’t buy them,” he said.
Robert Bowring, who grew up on the?Murray River?in Mildura, has volunteered his time to work on the most-recent restoration of the PB?Mayflower. He says the cost of restorations is worth it if it means it’s afloat and around for future generations.
?????? Now afloat and taking passengers, the PB?Mayflower?has recently taken her latest voyage up the Murray River from her home in Mannum to Wentworth to be part of a flotilla (小型舰队) of six restored paddle boats. The flotilla was a gathering in celebration of Captain Alby Pointon, who made a great contribution to the survival of these boats today, after first restoring them in the 1950s and 1960s. “With the foresight of people like Captain Alby Pointon, many of these boats would not be here today,” Mr O’Callaghan said.
5. What can we learn about the paddle steamers on the?Murray River?
A. They were mostly built in the early 1900s.
B. They can’t be seen on the?Murray River?now.
C. They have been popular for more than 160 years.
D. They were a common sight in the late 19th century.
6. What did Robert O’Callaghan do?
A. He sent gifts to skilled volunteers.
B. He helped repair the?Mannum?Dock?Museum.
C. He offered money for the restoration of the?Mayflower.
D. He brought several boats back to life in two and a half years.
7. What does the underlined phrase “strewn with” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Full of.????????????? ? ???
B. Proud of.
C. Bored with.?????????????
D. Worried about.
8. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Restoration can never be an easy job
B. More volunteers are needed to restore paddle steamers
C. Paddle steamers kept afloat thanks to enthusiastic restorers
D. Future generations will have no chance to see paddle steamers
参考答案
21-25 BDDBC?? ? 26-30 ADDAD???
31-35 BBACC ????? 36-40 EACFG ??? 41-45 BBCCA?
46-50 CDBDC?????? 51-55 BBCDA 56-60 CACDD
61. into? ?????? 62. to talk? ?? 63. It?
64. Traditionally? ?????? 65. spoken? ?
66. be determined? ????? 67. using? ???? 68. which / that
69. pronunciation? ?????? 70. processes
短文改错
71. At the first ... ??????????????? ??????去掉the?????
72. ... I hardly know ...???????? ????? know?→?knew
73. I couldn’t got on well ...? ????? got?→?get?
74. ... looked forward to go ...???? ?go?→?going
75. ... concentrate my subjects.? ???concentrate后加on
76. ... adapted me to ...? ??????????me?→?myself?
77. ... many new friend ...????????? friend?→?friends
78. ... in that I ...????????????????? ???? ??that?→?which
79. ... interested things ...????? ??? ???interested?→?interesting
80. ... and unforgettably. ??????????unforgettably?→?unforgettable
书面表达
One possible version：??????
Dear Ann,
I’m glad to hear that you’re about to start studying at?Yuying?High School. I’m writing to offer you some tips.
?????? First, make plans for your studies, as you’ll find there are more subjects to take and more assignments to finish. Second, develop a habit of taking notes in class, which helps you to review what you learn after class. Third, express your ideas in class and take an active part in class activities, which can help your teachers and classmates learn more about you. More importantly, never stay up late. You’ll learn more and do better if you’re well rested.
I hope you will find my suggestions useful.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Yours,
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Li Hua
?
部分解析
阅读理解
第一节
A篇?(学校生活)
本文是应用文。文章是一则课堂信息指南。
21. B。细节理解题。由Class schedule部分的The class is held ... every Monday and Wednesday evening可知，Dr. Lucia Mendez的课每周上两次。
22. D。细节理解题。由Grading部分的A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class可知，要想通过Dr. Lucia Mendez的课程，学生必须要拿到B或以上的综合成绩。
23. D。细节理解题。由Assistance outside class部分的If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320)可知，Dr. Lucia Mendez的办公室位于320室，学生们可以到这里向该老师咨询请教问题。
B篇?(周围的环境)
本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一项让Scott兄弟俩可以更加独立地生活的残疾人住宿支持服务。
24.?? B。细节理解题。由第三段的The five-bedroom house provides 24-hour care for up to four individuals with complex needs可知，这个房子可以住4个人。
25.?? C。细节理解题。由第四段的their parents who had to wake them several times each night to reposition them or place them on breathing machines可知，父母晚上起来是因为要查看Scott和Daniel两兄弟的呼吸状况。
26.?? A。推理判断题。由第四段的it placed a physical and emotional strain on their parents和第五段Scott?说的We were heavyhearted可知，他感到内疚。
27. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的The home is Scott and Daniel's home, however it is also a workplace for their support staff. Balancing these two requirements has been a challenge for all可知，同时满足服务人员和被照顾者的需求是个挑战。
C?篇?(自然)
本文是说明文。研究发现，狒狒能够发出五种类似人类元音的声音。
28. D。推理判断题。由第一段的researchers report Guinea baboons ... make five vowellike sounds similar to those used by humans. The findings back up a recent study showing Japanese macaques (a type of monkey) are also able to make some speech sounds可知，这两项研究有着相似的发现。
29. A。词义猜测题。第三段的a misunderstanding of the monkey larynx可知，本段介绍了科学家对猿类喉部结构的错误认识。过去科学家认为，猿类的喉部比人类的位置高，因此它们不能发出元音。可是人类婴儿喉部的位置也高，他们却能够发出元音。这一事实应该是让Fagot和他的同事们感到困惑。
30. D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段的the monkeys' tongues have the same muscles as human tongues. This shows they can make exact movements to form each vowellike sound可知，狒狒用它们的舌头发出类似元音的声音。
31. B。写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文报道了一项关于动物语言的研究成果。
D篇?(文娱与体育)
本文是记叙文。文章是对在推动美国民权运动方面所做出孜孜不倦努力的黑人棒球运动员Jackie Robinson的介绍。
32. B。细节理解题。由第一段的broke the color line of America's national game和第二段的white audience could see his great talent from any seat in the stadium可知，Jackie Robinson是通过自己在棒球赛场上出色的表现改变了白人对黑人球员的偏见。
33. A。篇章结构题。由第三段的positive civil rights changes ... in the African-American community和划线部分前的speak publicly to blacks in U.S. cities about ending segregation可知，Jackie Robinson利用比赛的机会向美国黑人公开宣讲关于终结球场上的种族隔离和如何维护他们自己的权利。故这里的权利指的是美国黑人的权利。
34. C。细节理解题。由第一段的his efforts in the civil rights movement ... were equally important and often ignored和最后一段的baseball achievements may be more widely known than his tireless efforts in the civil rights movement可知，Jackie Robinson在美国民权运动方面做出的努力不如他在赛场上取得的成就更为世人所知。
35. C。标题归纳题。本文旨在介绍美国黑人棒球运动员Jackie Robinson，他不仅是一位伟大的球员，更是在推动美国民权运动方面做出了孜孜不倦的努力。C项作标题更符合本文主旨。
第二节
话题：旅游与交通
本文是说明文。作者通过亲身经历介绍了外出旅游之前的一些注意事项。
36. E。E项中的Be adaptable与上文的try to find a compromise相呼应。他认为跟好几个朋友一起出行时要学会妥协、善于应变，这样可以减少争论的发生。
37. A。由下文的Before you go, find out about the country's culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language可知，出行前要对目的地国家的文化和语言有基本的了解，也就是做功课。
38. C。由上下文的some basic words and useful phrases in the local language和say just a few words in their language可知，作者认为会说一些当地的语言很重要，只要能说出来，不要担忧口音问题。
39. F。F项中的建议why not stay with a local family与文中作者提及他的亲身经历We stayed in private homes in different parts of Cuba相呼应。
40. G。此段作者对比了住在当地人家中和住在旅店的不同。G项中的They ... take you to places the guidebooks don't tell you about和上文提到的find out much more about your hosts' culture and way of life都是作者认为住在当地人家中的好处。
?
语言知识运用
第一节
话题：个人情况
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了害怕公众演讲的作者与友人交谈后开始积极改变的故事。
41. B。42. B。由上文的I feared one thing greatly?—?public speaking可知，作者“讨厌（hated）”?公众演讲，因为他“从不（never）”觉得自己能做好这件事。
43. C。“作者讨厌公众演讲”和“他身居要职不得不演讲”之间是转折关系，故用But。
44. C。由上文的I became CEO of a hospital可知，作为医院的CEO，做演讲是作者“工作（job）”中重要的一部分。
45. A。46. C。47. D。由作者身居要职不得不演讲可知，他是医院新楼落成剪彩仪式上的“主持人（host）”，同时还出现在庆典的“舞台（stage）”上“进行（handled）”各种介绍和颁奖陈词。on the stage本意为“登台演出”，此处指作者出现在庆典仪式的舞台上。
48. B。由下文的As we ate推测，作者和妻子是与另外一对夫妇去吃“饭（dinner）”。
49. D。由上文作者对自己的介绍became CEO ... in this high position以及本段对这对夫妇的介绍both ... like me in their companies可知，这对夫妇也像作者一样身居要“职（positions）”。
50. C。由上文作者恐惧公众演讲但不得不讲可知，他抱怨自己做了太多的“演说（speaking）”。
51. B。由下文作者与友人交谈之后的改变可知，Bob的话“影响（affected）”了他。
52. B。由上文的presentations are a big part可知，Bob认为作为CEO，公众演讲是工作中最“重要的（important）”一部分。
53. C。54. D。由下文的I had obviously done that to get where I was和Communication skills可知，已经走到CEO这个位置的作者，想要证明自己在其他领域的“技能（skills）”的那些日子已经结束，而他现在“需要（needed）”的是交流技能。
55. A。由下文的I realized I needed to make the time to ...可知，作者认为Bob的话是“对的（right）”。
56. C。由下文的write and practice可知，作者意识到他需要花时间为每一次演讲“做准备（prepare）”和练习。
57. A。由下文作者的行动I now schedule time into my workday calendar to ...可知，他意识到需要改变并为此“付出行动（done）”。
58. C。由下文的perfecting the presentation可知，作者安排出时间写和练习他的“演讲（presentations）”。
59. D。在公众面前“发表（deliver）”演讲之前作者会花很长的时间来完善他的演讲。
60.?? D。由上文的I spend a long time perfecting the presentation before I ever stand in front of a group to ... it可知，作者花时间好好写一份演讲，“最终会收获（end up with）”一份更加完善的作品。
第二节
61. into。考查介词。turn ... into ...?意为“把……变为……”。
62. to talk。考查不定式作宾语的用法。need在此为实义动词，后常跟不定式作宾语。
63. It。考查it的用法。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，故填It。
64. Traditionally。考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，故填Traditionally（传统上）。
65. spoken。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰form，表示“口头上的”，故填spoken。
66. be determined。考查被动语态。句子主语the future shape and grammar of English与determine之间是被动关系，且设空处前有助动词will，故填be determined。
67. using。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词of的宾语，故填using。
68. which / that。考查关系代词。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词English，且在从句中作主语，故填which / that。
69. pronunciation。考查名词。设空处与grammar和meaning并列作介词in的宾语，故填pronunciation。
70. processes。考查名词复数。由these以及are可知，应填复数名词processes。
?
选做题参考答案及解析
参考答案
1-4 DBBD ??????????? 5-8 DCAC
解析
A篇?(科普知识与现代技术)
本文是说明文。一家科技公司正在研发一项可以自动选择符合用户心情的音乐来改善人体健康并用于医学治疗的人工智能系统。
1. D。推理判断题。由第二段的?... uses these readings to play different songs ... After listening, you take a brief survey on how relaxed you feel和第三段的people were using music to calm themselves down or relax可知，Unwind是一款利用生物统计学根据用户心情播放音乐的应用程序，用户在听到舒缓的音乐之后可以得到放松。
2. B。推理判断题。由第三段的Sleep and relaxation was an obvious place to start ...?where people were using music to calm themselves down or relax和第五段的aims to develop its own artificial intelligence-based tools that will use music to improve general well-being and even treat clinical conditions可知，该公司通过分析这些数据，了解音乐对人的睡眠和放松状况的影响，从而研发出利用音乐可以改善人体健康并用于医学治疗的人工智能工具。
3. B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段David Eagleman的观点Music has certain obvious ways it can excite or relax us, but there are limits and it certainly can't replace real treatments可知，他对音乐治疗临床病症的疗效持怀疑的态度。
4. D。细节理解题。由最后一段的if the presenting insomnia is so?‘mild' it can be effectively managed with Spotify ... it's unlikely to have been a major clinical problem in the first place可知，Kevin Morgan认为能通过音乐改善的失眠是不需要通过医疗手段干预的。
B篇?(历史与地理)
本文是记叙文。经过修复者的努力，墨累河上再现明轮船的身影。
5. D。细节理解题。由第二段中的The popularity of these boats peaked in the late 1800s可知，19世纪后期明轮船盛行。
6. C。细节理解题。由第三段的Robert O'Callaghan knows this all too well?—?the South Australian man from Mannum has just funded the restoration of the 130-year-old Paddle Boat Mayflower可知，他主要是为修复船只提供资金援助。
7. A。词义猜测题。由划线词之后的There are millions of them around the world?—?projects that get started and don't get finished可知，这里应该是说世界上有很多这样未被修复的船只。
8. C。标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是经过很多修复者的努力，明轮船得以再现墨累河。C项概括较全面。