2019春广东省中考英语二轮复习专题：第Ⅱ章 话题十 历史与社会（PDF版）

话题十　历史与社会
第Ⅱ章　话题组块总复习
Topic 10　History and society

话题语言基础知识归纳
单词

一、文学与艺术(Literature and art)
1. ____________ n.事实
2. _____________ adj.正确的
3. ____________ adj.真的
4. ____________ adj.勇敢的
5. ____________ n./v.头脑；介意
6. ____________ adj.简单的
7. ____________ adj.幽默的
fact/truth
correct/right
real
brave
mind
simple
humorous
单词
8. agreement n. ________
9. attract v.吸引
10. audience n.观众
11. comedy n.喜剧
12. tragedy n.悲剧
13. description n.描述
14. fair n.展览会；交易会
15. prison n.监狱
同意
短语

1. ____________ 与……打架
2. ____________ 以……闻名
3. ____________ 确保
4. be happy with 对……感到满意
5. by heart 单凭记忆；能背诵
6. be in trouble 处于困境中
7. up and down 起伏；上下波动
8. turning point 转折点
fight with
be known for
make sure
单词
二、历史(History)
1. _________ n．历史
2. _________ n．英雄
3. _________ n．战争
4. _________ n．和平
5. dynasty n．朝代
6. pioneer n．先锋；先驱
history
hero
war
peace
单词
三、社会(Society)
1. ____________ n.活动
2. ____________ v.解决
3. ____________ n.志愿者
4. ____________ adj.传统的
5. ____________ n.世纪
6. trade n.____________
7. development n. _______
8. consider v. ________
9. achievement n.成就；成绩
activity
solve
volunteer
traditional
century
买卖；交易
发展
考虑
1. At school he liked plays, so he decided to
be an actor when he finished school at
fourteen. (WY 7BM9)
点拨：when 意为“当……时候”，引导时间
状语从句。
仿写：当我们到达家时，天已经变黑了。
________________________, the sky went
dark.
写作句型仿写
When we arrived home
2. He left school and began work at the age
of twelve. (WY 7BM9)
点拨：at the age of 意为“在……岁时”，后
接基数词，常用于一般过去时。
仿写：她七岁就开始学习舞蹈了。
She ____________________________
________________.
began to learn dancing at the
age of seven
3. At the Royal Shakespeare Company
Theatre, you can see Shakespeare’s plays
like Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet as well
as other plays. (WY 7BM9)
点拨：as well as 意为“也；还有；而且”，
用于连接两个并列的成分(如名词、形容词
等)。
仿写：生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳
光。
Living things need water ______________
__________.
as well as air and
sunlight
4. Stratford is a historic town and well
worth visiting for a taste of Old England.
(WY 7BM9)
点拨：be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某
事”。
仿写：这本书很值得一读。
The book __________________________. is well worth reading
5. Afternoon tea is not just a drink but a
light meal at around 4 pm. (WY 8AM11)
点 拨 ： not…but… 意 为 “ 不 是 …… 而
是……”，but 表示转折。
仿写：她想买的不是一条短裙，而是一条
连衣裙。
What she wants to buy _______________
_______________.
is not a skirt
but a dress
6. Whatever she does, she never gives up!
(WY 9AM3)
点拨：whatever 意为“无论什么；不管什
么”，相当于 no matter what，引导让步状
语从句。
仿写：无论遇到什么困难，她都会克服。
_____________________ she may meet,
she will overcome them.
Whatever difficulties
7. Once, he even worked for sixty-nine
hours without stopping and managed to
save over a hundred lives. (WY 9AM3)
点拨：manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某
事”，含有“成功；办成”的意思。
仿写：这件衬衫很脏，但她设法把它弄干
净了。
The shirt was very dirty, but she
_____________________. managed to clean it
8. —Is it made of silver?
—Yes, and it was made in Thailand. (RJ 9
全 U5)
点拨：be made of 意为“用……制成的(可
看出原材料)”；be made in 意为“在……制
造的(in 后接表示地点的名词)”。
仿写：①这张桌子是用木头制成的。
The table _____________________.
②葡萄酒是在这家工厂生产的。
The wine _____________________.

is made of wood
is made in this factory
9. Well, as far as I know, tea plants are
grown on the sides of mountains. (RJ 9 全
U5)
点拨：as far as I know 意为“据我所知”，
后接句子时要用逗号隔开，其中 as far as
作从属连词，意为“到……的程度”。
仿写：据我所知，他没有通过考试。
__________________, he failed the exam. As far as I know
10. It seems that many people all over the
world drink Chinese tea. (RJ 9 全 U5)
点拨：It seems/seemed that ＋句子，意为
“看起来……；似乎……”，常用一般现在
时和一般过去时。
仿写：他好像对戏剧很感兴趣。
_______________ he is interested in plays. It seems that
11. He found it interesting that so many
products in the local shops were made in
China. (RJ 9 全 U5)
点拨：“find＋it＋形容词＋that 从句”意为
“发现……是……的”，it 是形式宾语，that
引导的从句是真正的宾语。
仿写：我发现她很奇怪，竟然不想去旅游。
I _____________________ she doesn’t
want to go on a trip.
find it strange that
原创时文精选
1－5 CBDCD　
【文章长难句翻译】
句子：Guided by the spirit of the Silk Road
all the countries which take part in the
Belt and Road Initiative have tried their
best to build up the educational and
healthy Silk Road.
翻译：_______________________________
____________________________________
_________________________
在丝路精神的指引下，响应“一带
一路”倡议的国家都致力于建设有教育意
义、健康的丝绸之路。
备考演练
Task 1 完形填空
1－5 CADCC　 6－10 BADCB
Task 2 阅读理解
1－5 CBCDA　
Task 3 配对阅读
1－5 GEFDA　
Task 4 短文填空
1. born 　 2. considered/called
3. reporter 　 4. with
5. Instead/However 6. gave/sent 　
7. surprised 8. their 　
9. a 　 10. while/but
Task 5 读写综合
A. 信息归纳
1. They are very short.
2. on the subway
3. making noises and saying dirty
words
4. 2/two
5. how to be polite
B. 书面表达
古人有云：“不学礼，无以立”。文明
讲礼是中华名族的传统美德。假设你是李
华，你将参加某中学生英文报举办的征文
比赛，主题是“文明礼仪伴我行”，请你就
此写一篇英语短文。内容包括：
1. 你的一次纠正身边同学的不文明行为
的经历(事情的经过及结果)；
2. 呼吁同学们文明识礼，做一个有礼有节
的人。
写作指导
时态：______________
人称：______________
一般过去时、一般现在时
第一、三人称
Politeness
第一段：纠正
不文明行为的
经历（经过及
结果）
第二段：呼吁
同学们文明识
礼
激活词汇
1. 图书馆 ____________
2. 噪音 ____________
3. 打扰 ____________
4. 意识到 ____________
5. 谈论 ____________
6. 集中于 ____________
7. 偶遇 ____________
8. 注意 __________________
library
noise
bother
realize
talk about
focus on
meet with
pay attention to
句型点拨
1. while 引导时间状语从句，从句中的谓语
动词要用延续性动词，表示两个动作同时
进行。
【例子】当汤姆在客厅里看电视时，我正
在书房里看书。
I was reading books in the study while
Tom was watching TV in the living room.
Two boys sitting next to me were
talking loudly about their favorite
stars while I was memorizing English
words.
【翻译】当我在记英语单词时，坐在我旁
边的两个男孩在大声地谈论他们最喜欢的
明星。
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
2. suggest that sb.(should) do sth.，意为
“建议某人(应该)做某事”。
【例子】医生建议我们应该多关注老年人
的健康。
Doctors suggested that we should care
more about the old people’s health.
【翻译】我强烈建议我们应该在日常生活
中多注意我们的举止和行为。
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
I strongly suggest that we should pay
more attention to our manners and
behaviors in daily life.
参考连接词
however, so, and, besides, if, what’s more
实战演练
Nowadays, we can still see some
students with bad manners and behaviors
at school from time to time. Last month, I
went to the school library to study for the
coming final exam. Two boys sitting next
to me were talking loudly about their
favorite stars while I was memorizing
English words. The noise stopped me
from focusing on my study. I told
them to keep quiet in the library, since
they would bother not only me but
also others. They realized their
behaviors weren't good and promised
me not to do that again. Now, we
sometimes meet each other in the
library and I have noticed that they
don't make noise any more.
Being polite is a basic rule of
behaviors for students. I strongly
suggest that we should pay more
attention to our manners and
behaviors in daily life.