2019中考英语词汇梳理：名词PDF版

1
中考词汇梳理：名词（665个）
一、家庭与人物称呼及职业职务（75 个）
（一）家庭成员
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 aunt
[ɑ:nt]
her aunt
n. 姨母；姑母
2 brother
['br???(r)]
my elder brother
n. 兄；弟
3 cousin
['k?zn]
my cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟；堂
（表）姐妹
4 couple
['k?pl]
an old couple
n. 夫妇
5 daughter
['d?:t?(r)]
my daughter’s book
n. 女儿
6 family
['f?m?li]
a happy family
n. 家；家庭
2
7 father
['fɑ:??(r)]
my father with Mike
n. 爸爸；父亲
8 grandfather
['gr?nfɑ:??(r)]
our grandfather
n. 祖父；外祖父
9 grandmother
['gr?nm???(r)]
My grandmother is kind.
n. 祖母；外祖母
10 grandparent
['gr?npe?r?nt]
my grandparents
n. 祖父母；外祖父母
11 husband
['h?zb?nd]
Jane’s husband
n. 丈夫
12 mother
['m???(r)]
whose mother
n. 母亲；妈妈
13 parent
['pe?r?nt]
my parents
n. 父亲（或母亲）
14 sister
['s?st?(r)]
Tom’s sister
n. 姐；妹
3
15 son
[s?n]
my younger son
n. 儿子
16 uncle
['??kl]
her uncle n. 叔；伯；舅；姨夫；
姑夫
17 wife
[wa?f]
my wife
n. 妻子

（二）人物称呼
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 adult
['?d?lt]
many adults
n. 成年人
2 Asian
['e??n]
many Asians
n. 亚洲人
3 baby
['be?bi]
baby face
n. 婴儿；小孩
4
4 boy
[b??]
an eight-year-old boy
n. 男孩
5 child
[t?a?ld]
two children
n. 孩子
6 classmate
['klɑ:sme?t]
dear classmates
n. 同班同学
7 enemy
['en?mi]
The enemy is killed.
n. 敌人
8 European
[?j??r?'pi:?n]
two Europeans
n. 欧洲人
9 fan
[f?n]
great fans
n. 迷；扇
10 foreigner
['f?r?n?(r)]
many foreigners
n. 外国人
11 gentleman
['d?entlm?n]
ladies and gentlemen
n. 绅士
5
12 girl
[g?:l]
beautiful girls
n. 女孩
13 friend
[frend]
make friends
n. 朋友
14 guest
[gest]
a guest
n. 客人；来宾
15 human
['hju:m?n]
human beings
n. 人类
16 kid
[k?d]
kids and old men
n. 小孩
17 lady
['le?di]
pretty ladies
n. 女士；夫人
18 man
[m?n]
men teachers n. 成年男人；人；人
类
19 member
['memb?(r)]
a member of
n. 成员；会员
6
20 neighbor
['ne?b?]
neighborhood
n. 邻居
21 officer
['?f?s?(r)]
an officer
n. 军官；官员
22 owner
['??n?(r)]
the owner of the house
n. 所有者；业主
23 person
['p?:sn]
a successful person
n. 人
24 pioneer
[?pa??'n??(r)]
pioneer pilots
n. 先锋；开拓者
25 passenger
['p?s?nd??(r)]
dear passengers
n. 乘客；旅客
26 people
['pi:pl]
many people
n. 人；人们
27 prisoner
['pr?zn?(r)]
a number of prisoners
n. 囚犯
28 public
['p?bl?k]
in public
n. 公众
7
29 sir
[s?:(r)]
Li sir
n. 先生
30 stranger
['stre?nd??(r)]
meet with strangers
n. 陌生人；异乡人
31 teenager
['ti:ne?d??(r)]
as a teenager n. （13-19 岁的）青少
年
32 tourist
['t??r?st]
many tourists
n. 游客
33 visitor
['v?z?t?(r)]
a lot of visitors
n. 访问者；参观者；
游客
34 volunteer
[?v?l?n't??(r)]
as a volunteer
n. 志愿者；自愿兵
35 winner
['w?n?(r)]
winner and loser
n. 获胜者
8
36 woman
['w?m?n]
a woman singer
n. 妇女；女人

（三）职业职务
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 boss
[b?s]
my boss
n. 老板
2 dentist
['dent?st]
see a dentist
n. 牙医
3 director
[d?'rekt?(r)]
artistic director
n. 主管；负责人
4 doctor
['d?kt?(r)]
see a doctor
n. 医生
5 driver
['dra?v?(r)]
a taxi driver
n. 驾驶员；司机
9
6 engineer
[end??'n??(r)]
a service engineer
n. 工程师
7 farmer
['fɑ:m?(r)]
an old farmer
n. 农民
8 leader
['li:d?(r)]
our new leader
n. 领导者；指挥者
9 manager
['m?n?d??(r)]
staff and managers
n. 经理；管理人
10 nurse
[n?:s]
doctors and nurses
n. 护士；保育员
11 pilot
['pa?l?t]
an airline pilot
n. 飞行员
12 police
[p?'li:s]
a police officer
n. 巡警；警察
13 policeman
[p?'li:sm?n]
two policemen
n. 警察
10
14 president
['prez?d?nt]
Chinese president
n. 总统
15 scientist
['sa??nt?st]
be a scientist
n. 科学家
16 servant
['s?:v?nt]
public servants
n. 佣人；仆人
17 secretary
['sekr?tri]
secretary general
n. 秘书
18 soldier
['s??ld??(r)]
Scottish soldiers
n. 士兵；战士
19 speaker
['spi:k?(r)]
English speakers
n. 演讲人；演说家
20 student
['stju:dnt]
foreign students
n. 学生
21 teacher
['ti:t??(r)]
an English teacher
n. 教师；教员
11
22 worker
['w?:k?(r)] Workers work in
factories. n. 工人；工作者

二、家庭用具、电器及文具、玩具（58 个）
（一）家庭物品
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 basket
['bɑ:sk?t]
a basket of
n. 篮子
2 bed
[bed]
go to bed
n. 床
3 box
[b?ks]
a big box
n. 盒子；箱
4 bottle
['b?tl]
a water bottle
n. 瓶子
5 brush
[br??]
a tooth brush
n. 刷子
12
6 chair
[t?e?(r)]
sit on the chair
n. 椅子
7 candle
['k?ndl]
a single candle
n. 蜡烛
8 clock
[kl?k]
ten o’clock
n. 钟
9 desk
[desk]
in your desk
n. 书桌；办公桌
10 drawer
[dr?:(r)]
two drawers
n. 抽屉
11 furniture
['f?:n?t??(r)]
buy furniture
n. 家具
12 key
[ki:]
the key to success
n. 钥匙；键
13 mirror
['m?r?(r)]
in the mirror
n. 镜子
13
14 photo
['f??t??]
a photo of my family
n. 照片
15 picture
['p?kt??(r)]
take a picture
n. 图片；画片
16 rope
[r??p]
a long rope
n. 粗绳；绳索
17 rubbish
['r?b??]
pick up rubbish
n. 垃圾；废物
18 shelf
[?elf]
book shelves
n. 架子
19 shower
['?a??(r)]
take a shower
n. 淋浴
20 soap
[s??p]
soap operas
n. 肥皂
21 sofa
['s??f?]
in the sofa
n. 沙发
14
22 stick
[st?k]
walk with a stick
n. 木棍；枝条
23 table
['te?bl]
on the table
n. 桌子
24 towel
['ta??l]
two towels
n. 浴巾；毛巾
25 umbrella
[?m'brel?]
bring an umbrella
n. 雨伞；伞
26 watch
[w?t?]
his watch
n. 手表

（二）电器
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 camera
['k?m?r?]
buy a camera
n. 照相机
15
2 computer
[k?m'pju:t?(r)]
computer games
n. 电脑；电子计算机
3 fridge
[fr?d?]
in the fridge
n. 电冰箱
4 keyboard
['ki:b?:d]
over the keyboard
n. 键盘
5 light
[la?t]
green light
n. 灯；灯光
6 machine
[m?'?i:n]
a washing machine
n. 机器
7 phone
[f??n]
phone number
n. 电话
8 radio
['re?di??]
listen to the radio
n. 无线电；收音机
9 screen
[skri:n]
on the screen
n. 屏幕；银幕

16
（三）文具与玩具
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bag
[b?g]
lose my bag
n. 书包；提包
2 ball
[b?:l]
play with a ball
n. 球
3 balloon
[b?'lu:n]
fly the balloon
n. 气球
4 card
[kɑ:d]
useful cards
n. 纸牌
5 chess
[t?es]
play chess
n. 棋
6 diary
['da??ri]
write a diary
n. 日记；日记簿
7 dictionary
['d?k??nri]
an English dictionary
n. 字典；词典
17
8 doll
[d?l]
play with the doll
n. 玩偶；玩具娃娃
9 eraser
[?'re?z?(r)]
an eraser
n. 橡皮
10 gift
[g?ft]
a birthday gift
n. 礼物；赠品
11 gun
[g?n]
use a gun
n. 枪
12 ink
[??k]
black ink
n. 墨水
13 kite
[ka?t]
fly a kite
n. 风筝
14 notebook
['n??tb?k]
notebooks and pens
n. 笔记簿
15 paper
['pe?p?(r)]
a piece of paper
n. 纸
16 pen
[pen]
write with a pen
n. 钢笔
18
17 pencil
['pensl]
a pencil case
n. 铅笔
18 postcard
['p??stkɑ:d]
got your postcard
n. 明信片
19 ruler
['ru:l?(r)]
my ruler
n. 尺；直尺
20 schoolbag
['sku:lb?g]
in your schoolbag
n. 书包
21 stamp
[st?mp]
no need for a stamp
n. 邮票
22 toy
[t??]
play with a toy
n. 玩具
23 tool
[tu:l]
the best tool
n. 工具

三、学校及文化科技教育（74 个）
（一）学校设施
19
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bell
[bel]
the bell rang
n. 钟；铃
2 blackboard
['bl?kb?:d]
clean the blackboard
n. 黑板
3 chalk
[t??:k]
white chalk
n. 粉笔
4 class
[klɑ:s]
in our class
n. 班级
5 classroom
['klɑ:sru:m]
in front of the classroom
n. 教室
6 group
[gru:p]
group work
n. 小组
7 lab
[l?b]
in the lab
n. 实验室
20
8 lesson
['lesn]
an English lesson
n. 课
9 office
['?f?s]
an office lady
n. 办公室；办公楼
10 playground
['ple?gra?nd]
on the playground
n. 运动场；操场
11 school
[sku:l]
after school
n. 学校
12 seat
[si:t]
seat belt
n. 座位

（二）课程
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 activity
[?k't?v?ti]
school activities
n. 活动
21
2 art
[ɑ:t]
an art class
n. 艺术；美术
3 chemistry
['kem?stri]
a chemistry lesson
n. 化学
4 geography
[d?i'?gr?fi]
a geography teacher
n. 地理学；地理
5 history
['h?stri]
a 5,000-year history
n. 历史
6 math
[m?θ]
a math problem
n. 数学
7 music
['mju:z?k]
listen to music
n. 音乐；乐曲
8 physics
['f?z?ks]
teach physics
n. 物理学
9 science
['sa??ns]
a man of science
n. 科学
22
10 subject
['s?bd??kt]
my favorite subject
n. 学科

（三）教学术语
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 composition
[k?mp?'z??n]
write a composition
n. 作文；作曲
2 conversation
[?k?nv?'se??n]
make a conversation
n. 对话
3 difficulty
['d?f?k?lti]
have difficulty
n. 困难；难处
4 discussion
[d?'sk??n]
make a discussion
n. 讨论
5 exam
[?g'z?m]
final exams
n. 考试
23
6 example
[?g'zɑ:mpl]
for example
n. 例子
7 fact
[f?kt]
in fact
n. 事实；事件
8 form
[f?:m]
fill in the form
n. 表；表格
9 grade
[gre?d]
good grades
n. 分数；成绩
10 grammar
['gr?m?(r)]
grammar form
n. 语法
11 homework
['h??mw?:k]
do my homework
n. 家庭作业
12 knowledge
['n?l?d?]
learn the knowledge of
n. 知识；学问
13 language
['l??gw?d?]
foreign languages
n. 语言
24
14 letter
['let?(r)]
receive a letter
n. 字母；信
15 meaning
['mi:n??]
the meaning of life
n. 意思；含义
16 method
['meθ?d]
good methods
n. 方法；办法
17 mistake
[m?'ste?k]
make a mistake
n. 错误
18 note
[n??t]
take a note
n. 笔记；便笺
19 point
[p??nt]
key points
n. 要点
20 question
['kwest??n]
ask questions
n. 问题
21 research
[r?'s?:t?]
nature research
n. 研究；探讨
25
22 rule
[ru:l]
make school rules
n. 规则
23 score
[sk?:(r)]
high scores
n. 得分
24 sentence
['sent?ns]
write a sentence
n. 句子
25 speech
[spi:t?]
a Chinese speech
n. 演讲
26 term
[t?:m]
the first term
n. 学期
27 test
[test]
have a test
n. 测验
28 title
['ta?tl]
the best title
n. 标题；题目
29 topic
['t?p?k]
topic one
n. 题目；话题
26
30 unit
['ju:n?t]
Unit Five
n. 单元
31 word
[w?:d]
English words
n. 单词；话

（四）图书报刊
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 article
['ɑ:t?kl]
write an article
n. 文章
2 book
[b?k]
an English book
n. 书
3 card
[kɑ:d]
play cards
n. 卡片；名片
4 diary
['da??ri]
keep a diary
n. 日记
27
5 magazine
[?m?g?'zi:n]
read a magazine
n. 杂志；期刊
6 mail
[me?l]
send a mail
n. 邮政；邮件
7 newspaper
['nju:zpe?p?(r)]
read a newspaper
n. 报纸
8 page
[pe?d?]
turn to Page 2
n. 页；页码
9 passage
['p?s?d?]
the sixth passage
n. 一段（文章）
10 poem
['p???m]
a new poem
n. 诗；韵文
11 report
[r?'p?:t]
make a report
n. 报告；报道
12 text
[tekst]
text books
n. 文本；课文
28

（五）科技教育
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 development
[d?'vel?pm?nt]
the development of society
n. 发展
2 education
[ed?u'ke??n]
good education
n. 教育
3 experiment
[?k'sper?m?nt]
a series of experiments
n. 实验
4 invention
[?n'ven?n]
invent an invention
n. 发明物
5 influence
['?nflu?ns]
make great influence
n. 影响
6 information
[?nf?'me??n]
send information
n. 信息；通知
29
7 message
['mes?d?]
take a message
n. 消息；信息
8 robot
['r??b?t]
a time robot
n. 机器人
9 technology
[tek'n?l?d?i]
high technology
n. 科学技术

四、服装与颜色（27 个）
（一）服装
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 clothes
[kl???z]
beautiful clothes
n. 衣服；各种衣物
2 coat
[k??t]
a big coat
n. 外套
3 dress
[dres]
a long dress
n. 女服；连衣裙
30
4 jacket
['d??k?t]
a black jacket
n. 短上衣；夹克衫
5 jeans
[d?i:nz]
blue jeans
n. 牛仔裤
6 overcoat
['??v?k??t]
an old overcoat
n. 大衣
7 raincoat
['re?nk??t]
wear a raincoat
n. 雨衣
8 shorts
[??:ts]
white shorts
n. （户外活动）短裤
9 skirt
[sk?:t]
a short skirt
n. 女裙
10 sock
[s?k]
a pair of socks
n. 短袜
11 sweater
['swet?(r)]
a thick sweater
n. 毛线衣；厚运动衫

（二）鞋帽配饰
31
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 glove
[gl?v]
a pair of gloves
n. 手套
2 handbag
['h?ndb?g]
a leather handbag
n. 女用皮包；手提包
3 hat
[h?t]
a cool hat
n. 帽子；礼帽
4 pocket
['p?k?t]
a pocket of money
n. 口袋
5 shoe
[?u:]
a pair of shoes
n. 鞋
6 tie
[ta?]
a beautiful tie
n. 领带

（三）颜色
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
32
1 color
['k?l?(r)]
many colors
n. 颜色；颜料
2 black
[bl?k]
in black
n. 黑色
3 blue
[blu:]
in blue
n. 蓝色
4 brown
[bra?n]
in brown
n. 褐色
5 green
[gri:n]
in green
n. 绿色
6 orange
['?r?nd?]
orange juice
n. 橘色
7 pink
[p??k]
in pink
n. 粉红色
8 red
[red]
in red
n. 红色
33
9 white
[wa?t]
in white
n. 白色
10 yellow
['jel??]
in yellow
n. 黄色

五、文娱传媒与体育运动（47 个）
（一）诗歌戏剧、传媒（影视、广播、电脑、广告等）
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 advertisement
[?d'v?:t?sm?nt]
an advertisement
n. 广告
2 art
[ɑ:t]
Fishing is an art.
n. 艺术；美术
3 cinema
['s?n?m?]
go to the cinema
n. 电影院
4 e-mail
['i:me?l]
send an e-mail
n. 电子邮件
34
5 film
[f?lm]
see a film
n. 电影
6 movie
['mu:vi]
go to the movies
n. 电影
7 news
[nju:z]
British news
n. 消息；新闻
8 party
['pɑ:ti]
my birthday party
n. 晚会
9 program
['pr??gr?m]
a TV program
n. 节目单；程序
10 role
[r??l]
play a role
n. 角色
11 story
['st?:ri]
read a story
n. 故事
12 window
['w?nd??]
open the window
n. 窗户
13 website
['websa?t]
on the website
n. 网站；网点
35

（二）音乐、乐器
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 concert
['k?ns?t]
go to the concert
n. 音乐会
2 dance
[dɑ:ns]
dance to music
n. 舞蹈
3 drum
[dr?m]
play the drum
n. 鼓
4 guitar
[g?'tɑ:(r)]
play the guitar
n. 吉他
5 piano
[pi'?n??]
play the piano
n. 钢琴
6 song
[s??]
sing songs
n. 歌曲
36

（三）运动项目
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 baseball
['be?sb?:l]
play baseball
n. 棒球
2 basketball
['bɑ:sk?tb?:l]
play basketball
n. 篮球
3 bike
[ba?k]
by bike
n. 自行车
4 club
[kl?b]
join a club
n. 俱乐部
5 exercise
['eks?sa?z]
do exercise
n. 练习；锻炼
7 violin
[?va??'l?n]
play the violin
n. 小提琴
37
6 football
['f?tb?:l]
play football
n. 足球
7 race
[re?s]
the running race
n. (速度)竞赛
8 sport
[sp?:t]
do sports
n. 运动
9 tennis
['ten?s]
table tennis
n. 网球
10 volleyball
['v?lib?:l]
play volleyball
n. 排球
11 walk
[w?:k]
take a walk
n. 行走；步行

（四）竞赛及奖项
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
38
1 conference
['k?nf?r?ns]
make a conference
n. 会议
2 courage
['k?r?d?]
personal courage
n. 勇气；胆量
3 energy
['en?d?i]
energy sources
n. 精力
4 game
[ge?m]
play games
n. 游戏；运动
5 honor
['?n?(r)]
to my great honor
n. 荣誉；光荣
6 match
[m?t?]
a football match
n. 比赛；竞赛
7 meeting
['mi:t??]
have a meeting
n. 会议；集会
8 prize
[pra?z]
get a prize
n. 奖品；奖项
39
9 rest
[rest]
have a rest
n. 休息；其余部分
10 result
[r?'z?lt]
as a result
n. 结果
11 speed
[spi:d]
high speed
n. 速度
12 team
[ti:m]
team work
n. 运动比赛的队
13 ticket
['t?k?t]
buy a ticket
n. 票
14 turn
[t?:n]
take turns n. （依次轮流的）一
次机会
15 victory
['v?kt?ri]
fight for victory
n. 胜利

六、人体健康与情感（47 个）
40
（一）人体器官及部位
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 arm
[ɑ:m]
my arms
n. 臂；胳膊
2 blood
[bl?d]
bleed blood
n. 血液
3 body
['b?di]
body language
n. 身体；躯体
4 brain
[bre?n]
brain storm
n. 大脑
5 chest
[t?est]
chicken chest
n. 胸膛；胸脯
6 ear
[??(r)]
my big ears
n. 耳朵
7 eye
[a?]
big eyes
n. 眼睛
41
8 face
[fe?s]
face to face
n. 脸
9 finger
['f??g?(r)]
first finger
n. 手指
10 foot
[f?t]
stamp my foot
n. 脚；足
11 hair
[he?(r)]
long hair
n. 头发；毛发
12 hand
[h?nd]
both hands
n. 手
13 head
[hed]
head teacher
n. 头部
14 heart
[hɑ:t]
heart broken
n. 心；内心
15 leg
[leg]
hurt my leg
n. 腿；腿部
42
16 neck
[nek]
a small neck
n. 脖子；颈部
17 mouth
[ma?θ]
open your mouth
n. 嘴
18 nose
[n??z]
your big nose
n. 鼻子
19 shoulder
['???ld?(r)]
wide shoulders
n. 肩膀
20 stomach
['st?m?k]
have an upset stomach
n. 胃；腹部
21 tooth
[tu:θ]
brush my teeth
n. 牙齿

（二）疾病与伤痛
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 accident
['?ks?d?nt]
a traffic accident
n. 事故；意外的事
43
2 cancer
['k?ns?(r)]
die of cancer
n. 癌症
3 cough
[k?f]
have a cough
n. 咳嗽
4 disease
[d?'zi:z]
heart disease
n. 疾病
5 fever
['fi:v?(r)]
have a fever
n. 发烧；发热
6 flu
[flu:]
have the flu
n. 流感
7 headache
['hede?k]
have a headache
n. 头痛
8 illness
['?ln?s]
serious illness
n. 疾病；生病
9 toothache
['tu:θe?k]
have a toothache
n. 牙疼

（三）感觉与情感
44
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 attention
[?'ten?n]
pay attention
n. 注意；关心
2 emotion
[?'m???n]
many emotions
n. 感情；情感
3 feeling
['fi:l??]
a feeling of satisfaction
n. 感觉；知觉
4 fun
[f?n]
have fun
n. 快乐；有趣
5 hobby
['h?bi]
my hobby
n. 嗜好；兴趣
6 interest
['?ntr?st]
business interest
n. 兴趣；爱好；利益
7 joy
[d???]
of great joy
n. 欢乐；高兴
8 peace
[pi:s]
in peace
n. 和平；安宁
45
9 pity
['p?ti]
What a pity!
n. 怜悯；同情
10 pleasure
['ple??(r)]
My pleasure.
n. 愉快；快乐
11 pride
[pra?d]
take pride in
n. 自豪；骄傲
12 respect
[r?'spekt]
show respect to sb.
n. 尊敬；尊重
13 shame
[?e?m]
What a shame!
n. 羞愧；惭愧
14 silence
['sa?l?ns]
keep in silence
n. 寂静；沉默
15 sense
[sens]
a sense of safety
n. 感觉；判断力
16 smile
[sma?l]
a big smile
n. 微笑
17 surprise
[s?'pra?z]
give a surprise
n. 惊喜
46

七、食品、饮料及进餐和餐具（55 个）
（一）食品（肉食、蔬菜、水果等）
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 apple
['?pl]
an apple
n. 苹果
2 banana
[b?'nɑ:n?]
banana milk shake
n. 香蕉
3 beef
[bi:f]
roast beef
n. 牛肉
4 biscuit
['b?sk?t]
sweet biscuits
n. 饼干
5 bread
[bred]
a piece of bread
n. 面包
6 butter
['b?t?(r)]
put butter on bread
n. 黄油
47
7 cake
[ke?k]
birthday cake
n. 蛋糕
8 candy
['k?ndi]
much candy
n. 糖果
9 cheese
[t?i:z]
a piece of cheese
n. 奶酪
10 chicken
['t??k?n]
fried chicken
n. 鸡肉
11 chocolate
['t??kl?t]
black chocolate
n. 巧克力
12 dumpling
['d?mpl??]
a bowl of dumplings
n. 饺子
13 egg
[eg]
break an egg
n. 蛋；鸡蛋
14 food
[fu:d]
junk food
n. 食物；食品
15 fruit
[fru:t]
fresh fruit
n. 水果
48
16 grape
[gre?p]
sour grapes
n. 葡萄
17 hamburger
['h?mb?:g?(r)]
hamburger and chips
n. 汉堡
18 meat
[mi:t]
meat and fish
n. 肉
19 noodle
['nu:dl]
a bowl of noodles
n. 面条
20 oil
[??l]
machine oil
n. 油
21 pear
[pe?(r)]
a pair of pears
n. 梨
22 potato
[p?'te?t??]
potato chips
n. 土豆
23 rice
[ra?s]
eat rice
n. 稻米；米饭
24 salad
['s?l?d]
fruit salad
n. 沙拉
49
25 salt
[s?:lt]
much salt
n. 盐
26 sandwich
['s?nw?t?]
a sandwich
n. 三明治
27 sugar
['??g?(r)]
no sugar
n. 糖
28 tomato
[t?'mɑ:t??]
tomato paste
n. 西红柿
29 vegetable
['ved?t?bl]
fresh vegetables
n. 蔬菜
30 watermelon
['w?:t?mel?n]
a big watermelon
n. 西瓜

（二）饮料
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 coffee
['k?fi]
drink coffee
n. 咖啡
50
2 ice-cream
['a?skri:m]
an ice-cream
n. 冰淇淋
3 milk
[m?lk]
milk tea
n. 牛奶
4 soup
[su:p]
chicken soup
n. 汤
5 tea
[ti:]
drink tea
n. 茶；茶叶
6 water
['w?:t?(r)]
water bottle
n. 水；v.浇水
7 wine
[wa?n]
red wine
n. 葡萄酒；酒

（三）三餐及餐具、菜单
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 breakfast ['brekf?st] have breakfast
51
n. 早餐
2 chopsticks
['t??pst?ks]
use chopsticks
n. 筷子
3 dinner
['d?n?(r)]
for dinner
n. 正餐；晚餐
4 dish
[d??]
wash the dishes
n. 盘；碟
5 fork
[f?:k]
knife and fork
n. 叉；餐叉
6 glass
[glɑ:s]
a glass of water
n. 玻璃杯；玻璃
7 lunch
[l?nt?]
have lunch
n. 午餐
8 knife
[na?f]
three knives
n. 刀；匕首
9 meal [mi:l] three meals a day
52
n. 一餐(饭)
10 menu
['menju:]
offer the menu
n. 菜单
11 picnic
['p?kn?k]
have a picnic
n. 野餐
12 plate
[ple?t]
a plate of fruit
n. 盘子
13 spoon
[spu:n]
a spoon of sugar
n. 勺子
14 supper
['s?p?(r)]
for supper
n. 晚餐

八、城市设施与交通旅游（58 个）
（一）城市设施
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bank [b??k] the city bank
53
n. 银行
2 church
[t??:t?]
go to the church
n. 教堂
3 city
['s?ti]
a city park
n. 城市；都市
4 college
['k?l?d?]
college students
n. 专科学校；学院
5 company
['k?mp?ni]
an insurance company
n. 公司
6 factory
['f?ktri]
a furniture factory
n. 工厂
7 garden
['gɑ:dn]
a big garden
n. 花园；果园
8 government
['g?v?nm?nt]
the local government
n. 政府
9 hometown ['h??mta?n] my hometown
54
n. 家；故乡
10 hotel
[h??'tel]
cheap hotels
n. 旅馆
11 library
['la?br?ri]
go to the library
n. 图书馆
12 museum
[mju'zi:?m]
the science museum
n. 博物馆
13 palace
['p?l?s]
The Summer Palace
n. 皇宫；宫殿
14 park
[pɑ:k]
go to the park
n. 公园；停车
15 place
[ple?s]
different places
n. 地方；处所
16 restaurant
['restr?nt]
an Italian restaurant
n. 餐馆；饭店
17 shop [??p] a shop keeper
55
n. 商店
18 supermarket
['su:p?mɑ:k?t]
go to the supermarket
n. 超级市场
19 toilet
['t??l?t]
a public toilet
n. 厕所
20 tower
['ta??(r)]
a radio tower
n. 塔；高楼
21 university
[?ju:n?'v?:s?ti]
Beijing University
n. 大学
22 town
[ta?n]
a city town
n. 镇；城镇

（二）居住设施
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 building ['b?ld??] a tall building
56
n. 房屋；建筑物
2 bedroom
['bedru:m]
my bedroom
n. 寝室；卧室
3 door
[d?:(r)]
next door
n. 门
4 floor
[fl?:(r)]
on the first floor
n. 地面；地板
5 ground
[gra?nd]
on the ground
n. 地面
6 hall
[h?:l]
dinner hall
n. 大厅；厅堂
7 home
[h??m]
far from my home
n. 家
8 house
[ha?s] a big house with a
garden n. 房子；住宅
9 kitchen
['k?t??n]
cook in the kitchen
n. 厨房
10 wall [w?:l] on the wall
57
n. 墙
11 yard
[jɑ:d]
the back yard
n. 码；院子

（三）交通设施
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 airport
['e?p?:t]
on the airport
n. 飞机场
2 bridge
[br?d?]
an old bridge
n. 桥
3 direction
[d?'rek?n]
different directions
n. 方向
4 mark
[mɑ:k]
a red mark
n. 记号；痕迹
5 railway ['re?lwe?] railway station
58
n. 铁路；铁轨
6 road
[r??d]
cross the road
n. 路
7 station
['ste??n]
train station
n. 站；所；台
8 street
[stri:t]
on the street
n. 街；街道
9 traffic
['tr?f?k]
heavy traffic
n. 交通
10 way
[we?]
on my way home
n. 道路
11 boat
[b??t]
by boat
n. 小船
12 bus
[b?s]
on a bus
n. 公共汽车
13 car [kɑ:(r)] in a car
59
n. 小汽车
14 plane
[ple?n]
by plane
n. 飞机
15 ship
[??p]
by ship
n. 船；轮船
16 taxi
['t?ksi]
a taxi driver
n. 出租车
17 train
[tre?n]
train station
n. 火车

（四）旅游
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 beach
[bi:t?]
on the beach
n. 海滩；湖滩
2 camp [k?mp] a camp
60
n. 营地
3 country
['k?ntri]
foreign countries
n. 国家
4 map
[m?p]
on the map
n. 地图
5 package
['p?k?d?]
open the package
n. 包裹
6 passport
['pɑ:sp?:t]
take your passport
n. 护照
7 tent
[tent]
put up tents
n. 帐篷
8 trip
[tr?p]
take a trip
n. 旅行

九、时间、时期与节假日（57 个）
（一）时期
61
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 age
[e?d?]
in my old age
n. 时代；时期
2 century
['sent??ri]
in the 21st century
n. 世纪
3 future
['fju:t??(r)]
in the future
n. 未来；将来
4 past
[pɑ:st]
in the past
n. 过去
5 period
['p??ri?d]
during this period
n. 时期
6 present
['preznt]
at present
n. 现在；礼物
7 time
[ta?m]
three times
n. 时间；次
8 year [j??(r)] five years
62
n. 年

（二）季节
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 season
['si:zn]
different seasons
n. 季节
2 spring
[spr??]
in spring
n. 春天
3 summer
['s?m?(r)]
summer vacation
n. 夏天；夏季
4 autumn
['?:t?m]
in autumn
n. 秋天
5 fall
[f?:l]
in fall
n. 秋天
6 winter ['w?nt?(r)] in winter
63
n. 冬天；冬季

（三）月份
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 month
[m?nθ]
twelve months
n. 月；月份
2 January
['d??nju?ri]
January 1st
n. 一月
3 February
['febru?ri]
in February
n. 二月
4 March
[mɑ:t?]
in march
n. 三月
5 April
['e?pr?l]
April 1st
n. 四月
6 May
[me?]
in May
n. 五月
7 June [d?u:n] June 1st
64
n. 六月
8 July
[d?u'la?]
July the fifth
n. 七月
9 August
['?:g?st]
August the eighth
n. 八月
10 September
[sep'temb?(r)]
in September
n. 九月
11 October
[?k't??b?(r)]
in October
n. 十月
12 November
[n??'vemb?(r)]
in November
n. 十一月
13 December
[d?'semb?(r)]
in December
n. 十二月

（四）星期与日期
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 week [wi:k] once a week
65
n. 星期；周
2 Monday
['m?nde?]
on Monday
n. 星期一
3 Tuesday
['tju:zde?]
on Tuesday morning
n. 星期二
4 Wednesday
['wenzde?]
on Wednesday evening
n. 星期三
5 Thursday
['θ?:zde?]
next Thursday
n. 星期四
6 Friday
['fra?de?]
last Friday
n. 星期五
7 Saturday
['s?t?de?]
on Saturday
n. 星期六
8 Sunday
['s?nde?]
on Sunday
n. 星期天
9 weekday
['wi:kde?]
on weekdays
n. 平日；工作日
10 weekend [?wi:k'end] on the weekend
66
n. 周末
11 date
[de?t]
What date is it today?
n. 日期
12 day
[de?]
What day is it today?
n. 白天；一天
13 today
[t?'de?]
Today is Friday.
n. 今天；本日
14 tomorrow
[t?'m?r??]
tomorrow morning
n. 明天；明日
15 tonight
[t?'na?t]
There is a party tonight.
n. 今晚；今夜
16 yesterday
['jest?de?]
yesterday morning
n. 昨天

（五）时分秒
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 morning ['m?:n??] in the morning
67
n. 晨；上午
2 noon
[nu:n]
at noon
n. 中午
3 afternoon
[?ɑ:ft?'nu:n]
in the afternoon
n. 下午；午后
4 evening
['i:vn??]
in the evening
n. 夜；夜晚
5 night
[na?t]
at night
n. 夜；夜晚
6 hour
['a??(r)]
an hour
n. 小时；点钟
7 minute
['m?n?t]
twenty minutes
n. 分钟
8 second
['sek?nd]
five seconds
n. 秒
9 moment
['m??m?nt]
at the moment
n. 瞬间；片刻

68
（六）节假日
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 birthday
['b?:θde?]
on my birthday
n. 生日
2 Christmas
['kr?sm?s]
Christmas Day
n. 圣诞节
3 festival
['fest?vl]
traditional festivals
n. 节日；喜庆
4 holiday
['h?l?de?]
summer holidays
n. 假期；假日
5 vacation
[v?'ke??n]
summer vacation
n. 假期；假日

十、地理方位与自然现象（42 个）
（一）宇宙世界

序号 单词 音标 例子
69
词性·中文
1 earth
[?:θ]
on the earth
n. 地球；陆地
2 moon
[mu:n]
moon light
n. 月球；月亮
3 planet
['pl?n?t]
many planets
n. 行星
4 sky
[ska?]
in the sky
n. 天；天空
5 space
[spe?s]
in space
n. 太空；空间
6 star
[stɑ:(r)]
a little star
n. 星；恒星
7 sun
[s?n]
sun light
n. 太阳；阳光
8 world
[w?:ld]
all over the world
n. 世界
（二）山河地貌
70
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 countryside
['k?ntrisa?d]
in the countryside
n. 郊外；乡村
2 environment
[?n'va?r?nm?nt]
protect our environment
n. 环境
3 forest
['f?r?st]
in the forest
n. 森林
4 grass
[grɑ:s]
in the grass
n. 草场；牧草
5 island
['a?l?nd]
an island country
n. 岛屿
6 lake
[le?k]
the West Lake
n. 湖；湖泊
7 land
[l?nd]
on the land
n. 国土；陆地
8 mountain ['ma?nt?n] climb the mountain
71
n. 山
9 nature
['ne?t??(r)]
the nature park
n. 自然；自然界

（三）方位、空间
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 address
[?'dres]
new address
n. 住址；地址
2 area
['e?ri?]
in this area
n. 底部
３ center
['sent?]
at the center of
n. 中心；中央
４ dark
[dɑ:k]
in the dark
n. 暗处
５ east
[i:st]
east to west
n. 东部
６ end [end] in the end
72
n. 结束；终止
７ front
[fr?nt]
in front of
n. 前面；前部
８ last
[lɑ:st]
at last
n. 最后
９ middle
['m?dl]
in the middle of
n. 中间；当中
10 north
[n?:θ]
the north of China
n. 北方
11 outside
[?a?t'sa?d]
in the outside
n. 外面
12 position
[p?'z??n]
in a difficult position
n. 位置；形势
13 side
[sa?d]
on both sides
n. 边；旁边
14 south
[sa?θ]
in the south
n. 南方
15 surface ['s?:f?s] on the surface
73
n. 表面
16 top
[t?p]
on the top of
n. 顶；上部
17 west
[west]
to the west
n. 西方

（四）天气与温度
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 air
[e?(r)]
air pollution
n. 空气
2 cloud
[kla?d]
a white cloud
n. 云
3 rain
[re?n]
a heavy rain
n. 雨
4 wind
[w?nd]
west wind
n. 风
5 snow [sn??] a heavy snow
74
n. 雪
6 storm
[st?:m]
brain storm
n. 暴风
7 temperature
['tempr?t??(r)]
high temperature
n. 温度
8 weather
['we??(r)]
bad weather
n. 天气

十一、动物与植物（29 个）
（一）兽畜
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 animal
['?n?ml]
many kinds of animals
n. 动物
2 ant
[?nt]
an ant
n. 蚂蚁
3 bear [be?(r)] a black bear
75
n. 熊
4 cat
[k?t]
a black and white cat
n. 猫
5 cow
[ka?]
milk the cow
n. 母牛；奶牛
6 dog
[d?g]
a hot dog
n. 狗；犬
7 elephant
['el?f?nt]
an elephant
n. 象
8 fox
[f?ks]
a fox
n. 狐狸
9 frog
[fr?g]
a green frog
n. 青蛙
10 giraffe
[d??'rɑ:f]
the giraffe has long necks
n. 长颈鹿
11 goat
[g??t]
goat skin
n. 山羊
12 horse [h?:s] black horse
76
n. 马
13 lion
['la??n]
a sea lion
n. 狮
14 monkey
['m??ki]
the monkey king
n. 猴子
15 mouse
[ma?s]
two mice
n. 老鼠
16 pet
[pet]
a pet dog
n. 宠物
17 pig
[p?g]
a pink pig
n. 猪
18 panda
['p?nd?]
Kungfu Panda
n. 熊猫
19 rabbit
['r?b?t]
a white rabbit
n. 兔子
20 sheep
[?i:p]
two sheep
n. (绵)羊
21 snake [sne?k] got a snake bite
77
n. 蛇
22 tiger
['ta?g?(r)]
a live tiger
n. 老虎
23 wolf
[w?lf]
many wolves
n. 狼

（二）虫、鸟、鱼
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bee
[bi:]
a busy bee
n. 蜜蜂
2 bird
[b?:d]
a free bird
n. 鸟
3 butterfly
['b?t?fla?]
beautiful butterfly
n. 蝴蝶
4 duck
[d?k]
duck eggs
n. 鸭子
5 fish [f??] golden fish
78
n. 鱼；鱼肉
6 goose
[gu:s]
two geese
n. 鹅

十二、计量与商业（31 个）
（一）数
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bit
[b?t]
a bit of
n. 一点；一些
2 double
['d?bl]
double rooms
n. 两个；双倍
3 half
[hɑ:f]
half past ten
n. 一半；半个
4 number
['n?mb?(r)]
a number of
n. 数；数字
5 percent [p?'sent] twenty percent
79
n. 百分比；百分数
6 plenty
['plenti]
plenty of water
n. 充足；大量
7 quarter
['kw?:t?(r)]
a quarter to ten
n. 四分之一；一刻钟

（二）量
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 kilo
['ki:l??]
ten kilos
n. 公斤；千克
2 meter
['mi:t?(r)]
two meters
n. 米；公尺
3 mile
[ma?l]
two miles
n. 英里
4 pair
[pe?(r)]
a pair of shoes
n. 一双；一队
5 piece [pi:s] a piece of bread
80
n. 一（片，张，件）
6 pound
[pa?nd]
two pounds
n. 英镑
7 row
[r??]
a row of birds
n. 一（排）；一（行）
8 sort
[s?:t]
all sorts of
n. 种类；类别
9 ton
[t?n]
two tons
n. 吨
10 weight
[we?t]
lose weight
n. 重量；体重

（三）货币
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 bill [b?l] pay the bills
81
n. 帐单
2 cent
[sent]
ten cents
n. 美分
3 dollar
['d?l?(r)]
ten dollars
n. 美元
4 money
['m?ni]
make money
n. 钱
5 price
[pra?s]
at a low price
n. 价格
6 treasure
['tre??(r)]
priceless treasure
n. 金银财宝；财富
7 value
['v?lju:]
of great value
n. 价值；益处
8 wealth
[welθ]
the loss of wealth
n. 财富；财产

（四）交易
序号 单词 音标 例子
82
词性·中文
1 business
['b?zn?s]
a business man
n. 商业；买卖
2 industry
['?nd?stri]
a food industry
n. 工业；企业
3 list
[l?st]
on the list
n. 一览表；清单
4 sale
[se?l]
on sale
n. 出售；销售
5 total
['t??tl]
in total
n. 总计；合计
6 trade
[tre?d]
foreign trade
n. 交易；贸易

十三、行为及其它抽象名词（69 个）
（一）选择与态度
序号 单词 音标 例子
83
词性·中文
1 advice
[?d'va?s]
ask for advice
n. 建议
2 attitude
['?t?tju:d]
positive attitude
n. 态度；看法
3 agreement
[?'gri:m?nt]
an agreement
n. 同意
4 behavior
[b?'he?vj?]
human behavior
n. 行为；举止
5 choice
[t???s]
make a choice
n. 选择
6 conclusion
[k?n'klu:?n]
make a conclusion
n. 结论；结束
7 decision
[d?'s??n]
make a decision
n. 决定
8 dream
[dri:m]
day dreams
n. 梦想
9 duty ['dju:ti] on duty
84
n. 责任；义务
10 effort
['ef?t]
make great efforts
n. 努力；成就
11 plan
[pl?n]
make a plan
n. 计划；设计
12 promise
['pr?m?s]
keep one’s promise
n. 承诺
13 purpose
['p?:p?s]
on purpose
n. 意图；目的
14 reason
['ri:zn]
have no reason
n. 理由；原因
15 success
[s?k'ses]
of great success
n. 成功
16 suggestion
[s?'d?est??n]
give a suggestion
n. 建议；提议
17 task
[tɑ:sk]
an important task
n. 任务；工作

85
（二）动作
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 discovery
[d?'sk?v?ri]
a new discovery
n. 发现
2 hurry
['h?ri]
in a hurry
n. 赶紧；急忙
3 idea
[a?'d??]
a good idea
n. 主意；想法
4 instruction
[?n'str?k?n]
give the instruction
n. 教导；指令
5 introduction
[?ntr?'d?k?n]
self-introduction
n. 介绍；引见
6 joke
[d???k]
play a joke
n. 笑话；玩笑
7 mention
['men?n]
make mention of
n. 提及；关于
8 speech [spi:t?] make a speech
86
n. 演讲

（三）社会
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 ability
[?'b?l?ti]
the ability to fly
n. 能力
2 action
['?k?n]
take actions
n. 行动；活动
3 army
['ɑ:mi]
join the army
n. 军队
4 birth
[b?:θ]
give birth to
n. 出生；诞生
5 law
[l?:]
against the law
n. 法律
6 chance
[t?ɑ:ns]
give a chance
n. 机会
7 communication [k?mju:n?'ke??n] make a communication
87
n. 交流
8 condition
[k?n'd??n]
in good condition
n. 条件
9 culture
['k?lt??(r)]
ancient culture
n. 文化
10 death
[deθ]
starve to death
n. 死
11 development
[d?'vel?pm?nt]
with the development of
n. 发展
12 difference
['d?fr?ns]
make a difference
n. 不同；差异
13 experience
[?k'sp??ri?ns]
plenty of experience
n. 经验；经历
14 goal
[g??l]
reach one’s goal
n. 目标
15 job
[d??b]
get a job
n. 职业；工作
16 habit ['h?b?t] a bad habit
88
n. 习惯
17 housework
['ha?sw?:k]
do housework
n. 家务
18 influence
['?nflu?ns]
great influence
n. 影响
19 labor
['le?b?(r)]
labor relations
n. 劳动
20 life
[la?f]
come to life
n. 一生；终身；生活
21 population
[p?pju'le??n]
the population of
n. 人口
22 relation
[r?'le??n]
poor relation
n. 关系
23 responsibility
[r?sp?ns?'b?l?ti]
heavy responsibility
n. 责任；职责
24 right
[ra?t]
the right to life
n. 权利
25 safety ['se?fti] reach safety
89
n. 安全
26 skill
[sk?l]
new skills
n. 技能；技巧
27 situation
[?s?t?u'e??n]
in bad situation
n. 情景；形势
28 society
[s?'sa??ti]
the old society
n. 社会
29 spirit
['sp?r?t]
human spirit
n. 精神
30 standard
['st?nd?d]
a high standard
n. 标准
31 truth
[tru:θ]
tell the truth
n. 事实；真相
32 waste
[we?st]
a waste of money
n. 浪费；废物
33 war
[w?:(r)]
a cold war
n. 战争

90
（四）其它
序号 单词
音标
例子
词性·中文
1 advantage
[?d'vɑ:nt?d?] advantages and
disadvantages n. 优点
2 age
[e?d?]
at the age of
n. 年龄；年纪
3 danger
['de?nd??(r)]
in danger
n. 危险
4 friendship
['frend??p]
our friendship
n. 友谊；友爱
5 gesture
['d?est??(r)]
gesture of love
n. 手势
6 luck
[l?k]
good luck
n. 幸运
7 memory
['mem?ri]
in memory of
n. 记忆力
8 name [ne?m] first name
91
n. 名字；姓名
9 noise
[n??z]
make noise
n. 噪音；喧闹
10 part
[pɑ:t]
play a part
n. 部分
11 secret
['si:kr?t]
keep a secret
n. 秘密；秘诀