Unit 7 What’s the matter ？单元导学案

What’s the matter?
一、学习目标：
1、知识目标：
掌握本讲的词汇、短语和句型。
2、能力目标：
学会询问他人的身体状况；能够对他人身体的某种不适给予适当的建议。
3、情感目标：
学会关心他人，珍惜健康。
二、重点、难点：
重点：掌握单词advice, enjoy, a few/few，短语too much/much too以及句型What’s the matter? I’m sorry to hear that. I don’t think…等的用法。
难点：a few/few/a little/little的辨析；对句型What’s the matter? I don’t think…准确理解和运用。
三、知能提升：
（一）重点单词
［单词学习］
◎ with
【用法】with 介词，意为“有；带有”；with还可以表示使用工具、手段等，意为“用……”。
【例句】1. She is a beautiful girl with long hair.
2. He cut the meat with a knife.
【考查点】with的用法
【易错点】把with理解成动词
【考题链接】
Mary bought a house a small garden. She will move in next week.
A. from B. with C. for D. has
答案：B
解题思路：with在此处表示“具有；带有”，句意为“玛丽买了一所带有一个小花园的房子。下周她将搬进去。”所以选B。
◎ advice
【用法】advice为不可数名词，意为“劝告；忠告；建议”，可用some, a piece of, pieces of等修饰。表示“有关……的建议”，可后接介词on，再接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。
【例句】Mr. Green will give us some advice on how to learn English.
【考查点】不可数名词的量的表达
【易错点】错把advice用作可数名词
【考题链接】
He gave me some (advice).
答案：advice
解题思路：advice是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式。some可以修饰可数名词的复数，也可以修饰不可数名词，所以填advice。
◎ few/a few
【用法】a few意为“一些，几个”，只能用来修饰可数名词的复数，与some同义，few也只用来修饰可数名词的复数，但表示否定含义，意思是“几乎没有”。
【例句】1. He has a few friends.
2. He has few friends.
【考查点】few/ a few与little/a little的辨析
a little只用来修饰不可数名词，意为“一些”，little也只用来修饰不可数名词，意为“几乎没有”，表示否定含义。
I have a little money.
I have little money.
【考题链接】
There are apples in the bag. You can eat them.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
答案：B
解题思路：little, a little修饰不可数名词，few, a few修饰可数名词的复数，apples为可数名词的复数，故可排除C、D；few意为“几乎没有”表否定，a few意为“一些”表肯定，you can eat them说明袋子里还有些苹果，所以选择B。
◎ enjoy
【用法】enjoy意为“享受……之乐，欣赏，喜爱”，它后面可以接名词、代词或动名词；enjoy还常用来与oneself搭配，意为“玩得愉快”，相当于have a good time。
【例句】1. I enjoy reading.
2. I enjoyed myself in the zoo last Sunday.
=I had a good time in the zoo last Sunday.
【考查点】enjoy doing sth.；enjoy oneself与have a good time的句型转换
【考题链接】
1. Many young people enjoy pop music.
A. hearing B. listening to C. listen to D. to listen to
答案：B
解题思路：enjoy + doing（动名词）表示“喜欢做……”，所以排除C、D两项；hear指听的结果，译为“听见”；listen to强调听的动作和过程，译为“听……”。故排除A，选择B。
2. Lucy had a good time in the party yesterday evening. (选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项)
A. met a friend B. enjoyed herself C. went shopping D. got a present
答案：B
解题思路：have a good time与enjoy oneself 同义，意为“玩得愉快”，故选B。
［即学即练］
1. My cousin is very busy with his work. He has time to read newspapers.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
2. Do you enjoy in China?
A. live B. to live C. lived D. living
3. If you have a sore throat, you should drink some hot tea some honey.
A. with B. in C. on D. has
（二）重点短语
［短语学习］
◎ have a sore throat
【用法】表示具有某种“病症；症状”，常用“have a +名词”表示，此时have没有进行时态。如果主语是第三人称单数时，have则要相应的变为has。
【例句】1. He says he has a headache.
2. I have a bad cold.
【考查点】根据具体的语境选择病症
【易错点】没有牢记表示病症的短语
【考题链接】
—I have a . —You should see a dentist.
A. throat B. toothache C. cold D. fever[来源:Zxxk.Com]
答案：B
解题思路：此题考查在情境中对词义的理解。dentist意为“牙医”，是治疗toothache的医生，故选B。
◎ too much
【用法】在too much中，too是副词，much是形容词“许多的，大量的”，too much则是“过于，太多”，作定语修饰不可数名词。
【例句】1. I have too much homework to do.
2. Don’t eat too much sugar.
【考查点】考查短语much too和too many的区别；much too的中心词是too，much修饰too，用来加强语气，意思为“太，非常，极其”等，后接形容词或副词；too many意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。
It’s much too cold.
You gave me too many apples.
【易错点】在具体的语境中分辨不清这几个短语的用法
【考题链接】
Don’t sit too close to the computer because light can harm your eyes.
A. too many B. much too C. too much D. so many
答案：C
解题思路：too much意为“太多”，可用来修饰不可数名词light，too many修饰可数名词的复数；much too不能用来修饰名词；so many修饰可数名词的复数。所以选C。
［即学即练］[来源:学科网ZXXK]
1. I have a pain in my head today. (改为同义句)
I today.
2. The meat is dear and eating meat is bad for your health.
A. very much, many B. too many, many too
C. much too, too much D. so much, quite
3. In our school, students always have homework and exams.
A. too many, too much B. too much, too many
C. too much, too much D. too many, too many
（三）重点句型
［句型学习］
◎ What’s the matter?
【用法】（1）matter 作名词时，意为“情，问题，情况”。
（2）当看到某人心情沮丧，闷闷不乐，或是身体不舒服时，可使用本句询问对方，句中的matter前一定要加冠词the。意思是“困扰的事，麻烦事，故障”，后面常接介词with，再接“人”，也可接“物”。同义句为What’s wrong with sb./ sth.? 或 What’s the trouble?
【例句】1. What’s the matter with you?
2. What’s the matter with your computer?
【考查点】What’s the matter？的同义句以及答语
What’s the matter with you?
=What’s wrong with you? =What’s your trouble?
What’s the matter with your pen?
=What’s wrong with your pen?
There is something wrong with my watch.
There is nothing wrong with your computer.
【易错点】matter前丢掉the，或wrong前加the。
【考题链接】
What’s with you?
A. the trouble B. the matter C. the wrong D. matter
答案：B
解题思路：What’s the matter with you? =What’ s wrong with you? = What’s your trouble? 所以选B。
◎ I’m not feeling well.
【用法】此句用于回答What’s the matter ? 本句也可以写为I don’t feel well。well在句中作形容词，用来指人的身体好。
【例句】—How are you? —I’m very well, thanks.
【考查点】well作形容词与作副词的用法；
well还可作副词，用于修饰动词。
My brother sings well.
【易错点】分不清well是作形容词还是作副词
【考题链接】
Your sister is too young. You should look after her .
A. good B. nice C. fine D. well
答案：D
解题思路：good, nice, fine都是形容词，经常作定语修饰名词，或作表语。而well既可作形容词表示“身体好”，也可作副词用来修饰动词，表示“某事做得好”。本句中look after为动词短语，所以只能用well来修饰表示“照顾好”。因此选D。
◎ It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.
【用法】“It’s +形容词（+for sb.）+ to do sth. ”，意思是“（对某人来说）做某事……”。在这个句型中，it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。用于该句型中的形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important等。
【例句】1. It’s difficult for me to finish the work.
2. It’s not easy to learn English well.
【考查点】熟记句型结构
【易错点】应用to do形式作真正的主语
【考题链接】
It is not easy my homework this evening.
A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finishes
答案：B
解题思路：当不定式（短语）在句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起引导作用，本身无词义。构成“It is +形容词 +(for sb. )+ to do sth.”句型，这个句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, necessary等，用来描绘活动特点。所以选B。
◎ I don’t think I’m improving.
【用法】I don’t think是主句，其后是宾语从句。含有I think的宾语从句在变为否定句时要否定转移，即否定主句谓语动词think，后面的句子仍然用肯定形式。
【例句】I don’t think he is at home.
【考查点】变为否定句
【易错点】容易根据汉语式思维否定从句
【考题链接】
I think you have a healthy lifestyle. （改为否定句）
I think you a healthy lifestyle.
答案：don’t, have
解题思路：含有think的主从复合句变为否定时要否定转移。故填don’t，have。
◎ I’m sorry to hear that you’re not feeling well.
【用法】I’m sorry to hear that…意为“对听到的某种情况感到难过、抱歉、遗憾”，是对所听到的不幸的事表示一种同情。
【例句】—My mother is ill. I have to look after her at home.
—I’m sorry to hear that.
【考查点】在具体语境中的应用
【考题链接】
—I am often ill. —________
A. I think so. B. That’s OK.
C. Really? Thank you. D. I am sorry to hear that.
答案：D
解题思路：I am often ill意思是“我经常生病”。在听到对方说不好的消息时，要说“I am sorry to hear that”表示同情。所以选D。A. I think so. 意为“我想如此”；B. That’s OK. 意为“没关系”，常用来回答感谢或道歉的；C. Really? Thank you. 意为“真的吗？谢谢”。
［即学即练］
1. What’s the matter with your bike? （改为同义句）
with your bike?
2. — How are you? —I’m not .
A. feel well B. feel good C. feeling well D. feeling good
3. It’s important eight hours a night.
A. to sleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept
4. important for everyone to eat a balanced diet.
A. It’s B. He’s C. They’re D. That’s
5. —I have a bad cold. — .
A. No problem.
B. Yes, you don’t look well
C. I’m sorry to hear that. You’d better see a doctor.
D. That’s OK.
6. I think he is an honest boy. （变为否定句）
I think he an honest boy.