2019高考英语（江苏）二轮专题攻略课件：专题一 单项填空 考点1 词汇辨析（106张）
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| 名称 | 2019高考英语（江苏）二轮专题攻略课件：专题一 单项填空 考点1 词汇辨析（106张） |  | |
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专题一 单项填空
考点1 词汇辨析
?
考点1 词汇辨析
词汇辨析主要是动词、动词短语、名词辨析,另外还有形容
词、副词、介词和介词短语的辨析。动词是英语中最灵活、最
难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词辨析在词汇辨析中所占比例最
大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词来测试考生在具体语境
中对动词的理解和运用能力。考查高频词汇和常用短语的新意
思(即“熟词生义”)是近几年高考的新趋势。考生需进行分类
梳理、强化记忆,做题时分析选项和语境。
?
1.名词和代词
典例1????(2018江苏, 32)Try to understand what's actually happening
instead of acting on the ????you've made.
A.assignment B.association
C.acquisition D.assumption
思路点拨 句意:要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根
据自己的假设采取行动。考查名词辨析。assumption 假定;假
设。符合语境。assignment任务;作业;association协会;联合;ac-
quisition(知识、技能等的)获得,得到。
答案????D
典例2????(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your ???? for happiness
and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt
思路点拨 句意:——你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?—
—确切地说,就是充实地度过每一天。考查名词词义辨析。
recipe秘诀,诀窍;record记录;range范围;receipt收据。根据句意选
A项。
答案????A
典例3????(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US
is not very different from ????in the UK.
A.that B.this C.one D.it
思路点拨 句意:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度
没有很大差异。考查代词。首先将原句改为:In many ways, the
education system in the US is not very different from the education
system in the UK.然后考虑用that代替特指的单数名词。
答案 A
2.形容词和副词辨析
?
典例4????(2018江苏,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the
manager is ????to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A.keen B.reluctant
C.anxious D.ready
思路点拨 句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理
还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。reluc-
tant勉强的,不愿意的,符合语境。keen热切的,着迷的;anxious焦急
的,焦虑不安的;ready准备好的;愿意的。
答案????B
典例5????(2017江苏,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smart
-phones defeated ????PCs in sales.
A.controversial B.contradictory
C.confidential D.conventional
思路点拨 句意:在Steve Jobs去世仅仅5年后,智能手机就在销量
上打败了传统的个人电脑。设空处应该用形容词形式修饰后面
的名词。
答案????D
典例6????(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not neces-
sarily caused by astronomical incidents. But ????explanations are
hard to find.
A.alternative B.aggressive
C.ambiguous D.apparent
思路点拨 句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体碰撞事件造成的,但是也
很难找到其他的解释。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知选
择alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,
有进取心的”,ambiguous“模棱两可的”,apparent“显而易见
的”。
答案????A
3.介词和介词短语
?
典例7????(2018江苏,33)China's soft power grows ????the increas-
ing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A.in line with B.in reply to
C.in return for D.in honour of
思路点拨 句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的
欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考查介词短语。in line with与……相
似;与……紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作
为回报。in honour of 为向……表示尊敬。
答案????A
典例8????(2017江苏,32)Determining where we are ????our sur-
roundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to B.in defense of
C.in face of D.in relation to
思路点拨 句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍
然是我们生存的重要技能。本题考查介词短语辨析。根据句意
可知,应选择in relation to“相对于……而言”。in contrast to
“和……相比”,in defense of“为……辩护”,in(the) face of“面
临”。
答案????D
4.动词和动词短语
?
bring about 引起,导致,使发生
bring out 出版,生产,使显出,阐明,使表现出
put through 接通电话;使经受(磨炼、痛苦)
put out 扑灭,关(灯);公布,出版
put up 张贴;搭建;抬高;住宿
turn out 结果是,证明是;生产出,制造出
turn away 把某人拒之门外;不准某人进入
take in 吸收;理解;欺骗;把……拿进来;收留
take on 呈现;承担;雇用;接纳;受欢迎
get through 顺利通过(考试);接通电话;度过(时间);完成
(1)常考点、易错点、难点整理如下:
get across 横过(马路、河等);解释清楚;传达
get around 四处走动;(谣言)等四处传播
get it 懂了,理解,明白
hold back 阻碍;隐瞒;控制;犹豫不决
go through 经历,遭受(困难、痛苦等);审阅,检查
go up 上升,上涨;(房子)在建;增长
(2)整理和列出含有下列介词或副词的短语以及不同词义:in,out,
to,up等。
work out 算出;想出;理解;锻炼
attend to 专心,致力于;处理,照顾
apply to 适用于
appeal to 吸引;呼吁,上诉
see to 负责;注意;关照(see to it that...确保;务使)
object to 反对=oppose/be opposed to/be against
devote...to... 奉献,致力于=commit/apply...to...
commit oneself to 献身于,致力于
amount to 总计,共达(=add up to/come to);等于,相当于
contribute to 对……作贡献;促成,造成
lead to 通向;导致
pull in 车子进站;靠边停下(=pull over)
involve...in... 涉及,卷入;参与
participate in 参加=join in/take part in
lay out 设计;展示;安排
make out 理解;声称;辨认出;填写(表格)
account for 是……的原因;解释;占据
allow for 考虑到;顾及
fall for 迷恋,对……倾心;上某人的当
stand for 代表,意味着,主张,支持
apply for 请求,申请
answer for 对……负责
pull through 恢复健康;渡过难关
break through 突破;克服
look through 审核;浏览;看穿
live through 经历……而幸存
look up 查找;向上看;改善,好转(=pick up);拜访(某人)
pick up 拾起;(开车)去接;获得,学会;收听节目;(生意、健康)好转;便宜买到
make up 编造;组成;构成;补齐,凑足;占(比例);化妆;和解
turn up 出现,露面;调大
take up 占据(时间,空间);开始从事;拿起
set off 出发;引爆;引发,激起
pay off 还清债务;结清工资后辞退某人;取得好的结果,成功
put off 推迟;使某人反感
take off 起飞;脱下;开始成名;事业腾飞
let off 排放;放(炮,烟火)(=set off);免除(惩罚)
典例9????(2018江苏,22)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films
because they might ????the things they see.
A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate
思路点拨 句意:不应该让孩子们看暴力电影,因为他们可能会模
仿自己看到的东西。考查动词辨析。indicate指出;指示。inves-
tigate调查。imitate 模仿;效仿。innovate 改革;创新。根据句意可
知选C。
答案????C
典例10????(2018江苏,25)Developing the Yangtze River Economic
Belt is a systematic project which ????a clear road map and
timetable.
A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up
思路点拨 句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程
需要一个清晰的路线图和一个时间表。考查动词短语。call for
需要;要求。call on 号召;拜访。call off 取消。call up回想起。
答案????A
典例11????(2017江苏,25)Working with the medical team in Africa
has ????the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out B.brought out C.picked out D.given out
思路点拨 句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到
了最大限度的发挥。本题考查动词短语辨析。hold out维持,坚
持;bring out 使明显,拿出,推出;pick out 挑出,辨认出;give out分发,
散发,公布,用尽。根据句意可知,应选B项。
答案????B
巩固技能练
1.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)In the company, extra 700 jobs
are being cut ???? the 2,000 that were lost last year.
A.in addition to B.in terms of
C.in spite of D.on account of
答案????A 考查介词短语。句意:在这个公司中,除了去年被裁掉
的 2,000 个职位外,还有额外的700个岗位也在削减中。in addi-
tion to除了……之外;in terms of在……方面;in spite of尽管;不顾;
on account of因为。
2.(2018南通、泰州一模)These figures should be ????, for even
a minor error can cost us millions of dollars.
A.precise B.flexible
C.optional D.approximate
答案????A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这些数据一定要精确,因
为甚至一个小错误都有可能造成我们百万美元的损失。precise
精确的;flexible灵活的;optional可选择的;approximate大约的。
3.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Although values may be ????, it's helpful
to share them with your partner for additional support.
A.terminal B.personal
C.crucial D.practical
答案????B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管价值观可能是非常
私人的,但是把它们和你的伙伴分享来获得额外支持是非常有帮
助的。terminal末端的;personal个人的;crucial重要的;practical实
际的。
4.(2018泰州中学二模)The company and the effect ????
brought about did great good to our business in the market.
A.it B.which
C.that D.what
答案????A 考查代词。句意:这家公司及其所带来的影响对我们
市场上的业务有很大的好处。此处it代指the company,it brought
about为定语从句,先行词the effect作brought about的宾语,后省略
了关系词which或that。
5.(2018扬州中学四模)The thought flashed through my mind:“By
some means or ???? she has some information about my engage-
ment. But how?”
A.other B.others
C.the other D.the others
答案????A 考查不定代词。句意:这个想法在我脑海闪现:通过某
种方式她得到了关于我订婚的信息,但是到底是怎么得到的呢?
固定搭配:some+可数名词单数+or+other,表示未知或未确指的人/
事物。
6.(2018南京三模)As more and more companies extend their global
????, it is easy to understand why new opportunities birth in vari-
ous locations.
A.concern B.appeal
C.reach D.consensus
答案????C 考查名词辨析。句意:因为越来越多的公司在拓展它
们的全球影响力,因此也可以很容易理解为什么新的机会出现在
各种地区。concern关心;appeal吸引力;reach波及范围,影响范围;
consensus共识。
7.(2018盐城三模)—You should have heard Tom yesterday?
—Sure. He's charged with taking the car without the owner's ????
????.
A.enquiry B.privilege
C.command D.consent
答案????D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你听说Tom昨天的事
了吗?——当然听说了,他因为没有经过主人的同意就开人家的
车被指控了。enquiry询问;打听;privilege特权;command命令;con-
sent同意,许可。
8.(2018南通、泰州一模)The concepts in philosophy Jack read
have somewhat affected how he ???? his daily life.
A.shrinks from B.pulls through
C.compensates for D.goes about
答案????D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:Jack读的哲学理念有点影
响着他日常生活的方式。shrink from 退缩;pull through 渡过难
关;compensate for补偿;go about着手做,开始做。
9.(2018苏锡常镇二模)You see, my watch ????10 minutes a day,
and that was why I was always late these days.
A.wins B.gains
C.leaves D.loses
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。win赢得;gain(通过努力)获得;
leave遗留;lose(钟、表)走慢,慢(若干时间)。根据后一分句“那
就是为什么我这些天经常会迟到”可知,我的手表应该是慢了十
分钟,lose符合句意,故选D。
10.(2018南京、盐城二模)Divided into six themes, Victoria's Secret
Fashion Show ???? 55 models in 87 looks.
A.featured B.represented
C.attracted D.impressed
答案????A 考查动词词义辨析。feature以……为特点;represent代
表;attract吸引;impress留下深刻印象。故选A。
11.(2018南京、盐城一模)They all sat together at table, laughing
and ????stories after many years' separation.
A.circulating B.swapping
C.spreading D.plotting
答案????B 考查动词辨析。句意:他们都坐在桌子旁,有说有笑地
讲述分开多年各自的故事。circulate (使)循环,流通,流传;swap 交
换;spread 传播,展开;plot 密谋,暗中策划。swap stories“交换故
事”,根据句意引申为“讲述故事”。
12.(2018南京、盐城一模)The movie Coco wraps two ????
themes—pursuing dreams, and how we remember loved ones—in a
colorful, culturally specific package.
A.contemporary B.religious
C.historical D.universal
答案????D 考查形容词辨析。句意:电影《寻梦环游记》在色彩
斑斓的特定文化包裹下,囊括了两个普遍的主题——追寻梦想与
如何记住至亲至爱。contemporary 当代的,现代的;religious 宗教
的,虔诚的;historical 历史的,历史上的;universal 普遍的,一般的。
由“pursuing dreams, and how we remember loved ones”可知 u-
niversal 符合题意。
13.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷) ????to work there, she ei-
ther wandered along the wards or stayed at home, saying she was ill.
A.Desperate B.Reluctant
C.Voluntary D.Anxious
答案????B 考查形容词。句意:由于不情愿在那里工作,她要么在
病房里闲逛,要么待在家里,声称自己生病了。 desperate不顾一切
的, 渴望的;reluctant勉强的;不情愿的;voluntary自愿的;anxious焦
急的。
14.(2018南京、盐城一模)—What about a self-drive trip to Tibet
this winter vacation?
—It sounds ????marvellous, but I won't be available at that time.
A.simply B.equally
C.firmly D.merely
答案????A 考查副词辨析。句意:——今年寒假自驾游去西藏怎
么样?——听起来太棒了,但我那个时候没时间。simply确实,简
直;equally 平均地,相等地;firmly 坚定地,坚决地;merely 只是,仅
仅。该副词修饰形容词“marvellous”,根据句意可知应该填入
simply。
15.(2018南京三模)The agency will make travel arrangements for
you. ????,you can organize your own transport.
A.Similarly B.Furthermore
C.Instead D.Alternatively
答案????D 考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个机构会帮你做好旅行
安排。或者,你也可以自己安排出行方式。alternatively 或者;二
者择一地。根据句意,该空格表达的是选择的意思,故选D。
16.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)Chinese people are sparing no ef-
fort to ????the well-being of the nation, believing happiness is
achieved through hard work.
A.take charge of B.take notice of
C.make sacrifices for D.make allowances for
答案????C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:中国人民不遗余力地为了
国家的康乐作出了很多牺牲,相信幸福是通过努力工作获得的。
take charge of 负责;take notice of 注意到;make sacrifices for为…
…作出牺牲;make allowances for考虑到。
17.(2018南京三模)Through the use of blogs, shy students who
rarely ????during class discussions are given a voice.
A.advance B.focus
C.compromise D.contribute
答案????D 考查动词辨析。句意:通过博客的使用,那些害羞的很
少在课堂讨论上做出贡献的学生也有了发言权。advance前进;
focus集中(精力、注意力);compromise 妥协;contribute贡献。
18.(2018苏锡常镇二模)It's reported that in many countries there are
rescue centers for girls who are forced into early marriages, and
boys who ???? to look after farm animals.
A.drop in B.drop away
C.drop off D.drop out
答案????D 考查动词短语。句意:据报道,在很多国家有为了帮助
那些被迫早婚的女生或者是辍学去照看农场动物的男生(而建
造)的救助中心。drop in顺便拜访;drop away减少,减弱;drop off减
少;打瞌睡;drop out辍学。
19.(2018苏锡常镇二模)—Does Jack still hang about every day?
—No, he has mended his ways. After his father died, he set his hand
to his business and has already put it ????.
A.in order B.in chaos
C.in effect D.in store
答案????A 考查介词短语。句意:——Jack每天还在外面闲逛吗?
——不,他已经改过自新了。自从他爸爸去世之后,他着手他的生
意并打理得井井有条。put...in order把……打理得井井有条。
20.(2018盐城三模)Thomas made ???? his concerns about the
changes that had been introduced at work.
A.plain B.perfect
C.easy D.ambiguous
答案????A 考查形容词辨析和熟词生义。句意:Thomas清楚地表
明了他对工作中所引入的变化的顾虑。plain一般意思为“平坦
的”,生义为“清楚的,明白的”;perfect完美的;easy容易的;am-
biguous模糊的。
拓展提升练
1.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Every great accomplishment rests on the????
of what came before it;when you trace it back, you'll see one
small step that started it all.
A.reputation B.expectation
C.recreation D.foundation
答案????D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:每一个伟大的成就都是建
立在它之前的基础之上的。当你追溯它的时候,你会看到一小步
开始了它的全部。reputation名声;expectation期望;recreation娱乐;
foundation基础。
2.(2018扬州中学四模)—How did you enjoy the game?
—I was impressed by the energy and ???? shown by the players.
A.qualification B.commitment
C.investment D.privilege
答案????B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你喜欢这个比赛吗?—
—我对运动员所表现出的活力及奉献精神印象深刻。qualifica-
tion 资格,学历;commitment 投入,奉献;investment 投资,投入;privi-
lege特权。
3.(2018南通、泰州一模)Heavy debts have left the firm faced with
an economic ????in the financial crisis.
A.switch B.scratch
C.squeeze D.status
答案????C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:巨大的债务使公司在这场
金融危机中面临经济拮据问题。squeeze “经济困难,拮据”,符
合题意。
4.(2018南京三模)The coach of the football team ????to resign to
take responsibility for the failure, but it was rejected.
A.offered B.managed
C.needed D.afforded
答案????A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这支足球队的教练主动提
出辞职来承担这次失败的责任,但是这个请求被拒绝了。offer to
do sth.主动提出做某事;manage to do 设法做成某事;need to do 需
要做某事;afford to do负担得起做某事。
5.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)—Did your boss adopt your
idea?
—No, he just laughed and ???? it as impossible.
A.reserved B.advocated
C.anticipated D.dismissed
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。reserve保留;advocate提倡;antici-
pate预期;dismiss不予考虑。根据句意可知老板认为我的想法不
可能而不予考虑。
6.(2018南京、盐城二模)—When will you ???? travelling?
—Maybe next week.
A.go in for B.get around to
C.look forward to D.hold on to
答案????B 考查动词短语。句意:——你什么时候会抽出时间去
旅游?——也许下周吧。go in for参加,从事;get around to抽出时
间去做某事;look forward to期望,盼望;hold on to坚持。
7.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)No matter how big the difficul-
ties ahead are, we'll never ???? them.
A.hand over B.shrink from
C.pull over D.arise from
答案????B 考查动词短语。hand over移交;shrink from畏避,回避
(困难等);pull over靠边停车;arise from由……引起。句意:无论前
面的困难有多大,我们也决不逃避。
8.(2018南京、盐城二模)Guanghwa Bookshop as a stand-alone
bookshop may face a loss, because profits from selling print books
are ???? and rents in central London are high.
A.zero B.handsome
C.adequate D.slim
答案????D 考查词义辨析。zero零;handsome帅气的;adequate足
够的;slim微薄的。这里指微薄的利润。
9.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)—What's the main reason for
choosing one restaurant ????another?
—Just the service.
A.against B.beyond
C.over D.after
答案????C 考查介词词义辨析。 句意:——你选择一家饭店而不
是另一家的主要原因是什么?——只是因为服务。over强调比较
的概念,意为“胜过,比……更好”。
10.(2018盐城三模)My printer is five years old, so I'd like to ????
it and purchase a new one online.
A.delete B.retire
C.refresh D.declare
答案????B 考查动词辨析。句意:我的打印机已经用了五年了,所
以我准备不再使用它然后在网上买台新的。delete删除;retire退
休,不再使用;refresh使恢复精力;declare声明。
11.(2018苏锡常镇一模)We really emphasize the importance of
putting ????safeguards to prevent children's identities from falling
in wrong people's hands.
A.in place B.in vain
C.in question D.in earnest
答案????A 考查短语辨析。句意:我们真正强调落实安全保障措
施的重要性以防止儿童身份落入坏人手中。in place到位;in vain
徒劳;in question有疑问,不确定;in earnest认真地。
12.(2018盐城三模)Many graduates aren't prepared for what the fu-
ture has ???? when they come out of school.
A.in demand B.at ease
C.at length D.in store
答案????D 考查介词短语。in demand有需求;at ease舒适;at
length最终;in store即将发生(在某人身上)。
13.(2018南京三模)We watched the harbour and then the coastline
????into the morning mist.
A.turn away B.fade away
C.wear away D.break away
答案????B 考查短语辨析。turn away 拒绝(某人)进入;fade away
逐渐消失,衰弱;wear away 磨损;break away 离开;挣脱。句意:我
们看着港口,然后看着海岸线逐渐消失在清晨的雾里。
14.(2018苏锡常镇二模)Our city government is building more roads
to the increasing number of cars.
A.adjust B.accept
C.accelerate D.accommodate
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们市政府正在建造更多
的马路来容纳不断增多的车辆。adjust调整;accept接受;accelerate
加速;accommodate调节,容纳。
15.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Cells are important because they are orga-
nized structures that help living things the activities of life.
A.carry on B.expand on
C.put on D.hang on
答案????A 考查动词短语。carry on进行;expand on讲述,进一步
说明;put on穿上;hang on紧紧抓住。句意:细胞是十分重要的,因
为它们是帮助生物进行生命活动的组织结构。
16.(2018南京、盐城二模)I would have gone to bed when I was
sick instead of ???? the earth would go into a holding pattern if I
weren't there for the day.
A.confirming B.predicting
C.pretending D.concluding
答案????C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我生病的时候,我就卧床
休息,而不会假装自己一天不工作,地球就会停止转动。pretend假
装,选C。
17.(2018扬州中学四模)Sadly, as spending on private houses has ????
????, spending on apartments has generally declined.
A.lifted B.flown
C.heightened D.soared
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。lift (使)抬高,提高,增长;flow流
动,流畅;heighten (使)提高,增加,加强;soar 激增,骤升。句意:不幸
的是,随着私人住宅花费的激增,用于公寓上的花销普遍下降。
18.(2018扬州中学四模)The president spoke ???? about job cre-
ation and other issues that affect the lives of ordinary Americans so
that they could know about every detail.
A.at random B.at will
C.at length D.at hand
答案????C 考查介词短语。句意:总统详细地说了增加就业和其
他影响普通美国人生活的问题,以便他们能够知道每个细节。at
random随机地,随意地;at will任意地,随意地;at length详尽地,最
后;at hand在手边,在附近,即将到来。
19.(2018南京三模)The suspect was released, as the evidence was
????and, to some extent, ambiguous.
A.clear B.thin C.hard D.negative
答案????B 考查形容词。句意:嫌疑人被释放了,因为缺少有力的
证据,且在某种程度上,证据模糊。clear清晰的;thin空乏的,不能令
人信服的;hard坚硬的;negative消极的。
20.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)Professor Stanley didn't agree
with all my points but wrote a very ????assessment of my paper.
A.critical B.ambiguous
C.subjective D.generous
答案????D 句意:虽然Stanley教授不同意我所有的观点, 但是他还
是对我的论文评价多有赞誉之词。critical关键的;批评的;am-
biguous模棱两可的;subjective主观的;个人的;generous慷慨的,大
方的;宽宏大量的。
易混易错练
一、易混名词辨析
1.单项填空
①(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)Elizabeth shows great ????
in her choice of friends, so she has a lot of trustworthy companions.
A.comprehension B.discrimination
C.determination D.consideration
答案????B 考查名词辨析。comprehension理解;discrimination辨
别力,鉴赏力;determination决心;consideration考虑,体谅。句意:伊
丽莎白在选择朋友的时候展现出了巨大的辨别力,所以她有很多
值得信任的伙伴。
②(2018镇江一模)What to wear in winter? The look of queens and
princesses around the world may give you some ????, which are
elegant and also attainable.
A.interpretations B.inspirations
C.innovations D.invitations
答案????B 考查名词词义辨析。interpretation 演绎,解释;inspira-
tion启发,激励;innovation创新;invitation邀请。句意:……世界上
皇后和公主的穿着可能会带给你一些启发……。
③(2017苏州高三上学期期中试卷) To be an artist is not easy, but
sometimes dreams can be a rich source of ???? for an artist.
A.occasion B.identification
C.inspiration D.occupation
答案????C 考查名词词义辨析。occasion时机;identification识别;
inspiration启发灵感的人(或物);occupation占据,职业。句意:成为
一名艺术家不容易,但是有时候对一名艺术家来说梦想可能是灵
感的丰富源泉。
2.写出下列易混名词的汉语意思并背诵:
①commission 佣金,提成,回扣????
②admission 承认;允许进入????
③pension 退休金,养老金????
④explosion 爆炸????
⑤dimension 方面????
⑥extension 延伸,扩大????
⑦version 版本????
⑧vision 视力;视野????
⑨illusion 错觉????
⑩collision 碰撞;冲突????
?comprehension 理解,理解力????
?ambition 雄心,抱负????
?immigration 移民????
?migration 迁移,移居????
?affection 喜爱,钟爱????
?acquisition 获得,购置物????
?cooperation 合作????
?corporation 公司????
?convention 惯例,习俗????
?core 核心????
?credit 贷款;学分;信誉,信用;荣誉????
?criterion 标准????
?currency 货币;通用,流通????
?introduction 介绍,引进????
?production 生产,产品????
?exposure 暴露,揭发????
?investigation 调查,研究????
?innovation 改革,创新????
?negotiation 谈判,协商????
?accommodation 住处;调解????
?extent 程度,范围????
?investment 投资????
?preference 偏爱????
?competence 胜任;能力????
?dependence 依赖,依靠????
?conscience 良心????
?coincidence 巧合;一致????
?dignity 尊严;自尊????
?dilemma (进退两难的)窘境,困境????
?discipline 纪律????
?distinction 区别;荣誉;特质;卓越????
?exception 例外,除外????
?insight 顿悟;领悟;洞察力????
?priority 优先,优先权;优先考虑的事????
?parallel 极其相似的人;相似点????
?regulation 规则,管理????
?reservation 预订????
?restriction 限制????
?qualification 资格;学历????
二、易混形容词、副词辨析
1.单项填空
①(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)Many Beijing residents go to
great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially
when it reaches ????pollution levels.
A.crucial B.permanent
C.critical D.abrupt
答案????C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:许多北京市民竭尽全力
避免呼吸该城市的雾霾,尤其是当它达到严重污染的程度时。
critical严重的,危急的。crucial至关重要的;permanent永恒的;
abrupt突然的,意外的。根据句意可知选C项。
②(2018扬州中学四模)As the Olympic Games edge closer, about 1
40,000 people are needed. Of those, 90,000 will be employees with
a ???? 50,000 volunteers.
A.further B.considerable
C.massive D.tremendous
答案????A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着奥运会的临近,大约
需要14万人。其中9万人会是雇员,另外的5万人是志愿者。fur-
ther附加的,更多的,更进一步的。considerable相当大的,相当多
的。massive巨大的。tremendous巨大的,惊人的。
③(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模) Sue was greatly inspired
though she made ????improvements in her English writing.
A.modest B.brilliant
C.tremendous D.considerable
答案 A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管Sue在她的英语写作
上只取得了一点小的进步,但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest些许的,不
太大的;brilliant聪明的,杰出的;tremendous巨大的;considerable相
当大的。
2.写出下列易混形容词、副词的汉语意思并背诵:
①tentative 暂时的;犹豫的????
②confidential 机密的????
③fundamental 根本的;基本的????
④conventional 传统的????
⑤allergic 过敏的????
⑥immune 免疫的,不受影响的????
⑦sensitive 敏感的;易受影响的????
⑧conservative 保守的????
⑨competitive 竞争的,比赛的????
⑩comprehensive 有理解力的;综合的????
?
?creative 创造性的,有创造力的????
?mature 成熟的????
?reluctant 不情愿的????
?sustainable 可持续的????
?authentic 真正的;正宗的????
?innocent 无辜的????
?absurd 荒谬的;荒唐的????
?alternative 可替代的;二者择一的????
?ambiguous 模棱两可的????
?automatic 自动的????
?compulsory 义务的;强制性的????
?complicated 复杂的????
?conscious 有意识的????
?consistent 一致的;连续的????
?contemporary 当代的,现代的;同时代的????
?controversial 有争议的????
?initial 最初的;首字母的????
?numb 麻木的,失去知觉的????
?optional 可选择的;随意的????
?original 原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的????
?realistic 现实的????
?relevant 相关的????
?ridiculous 可笑的,荒谬的;荒唐的,愚蠢的????
?rigid 僵硬的;死板的;顽固的????
?solid 固体的;实心的;结实的;可靠的????
?sufficient 足够的;充足的????
?systematic 系统化的????
?valid 有效的;合理的????
?vivid 生动的????
?visual 视觉的,视力的????
?weird 奇怪的,奇异的????
三、介词和介词短语
1.单项填空
①(2018苏北四市第一次调研) ???? the fact that your payment
misses the deadline, you'll have to pay a fine according to the con-
tract.
A.In possession of B.In spite of
C.In case of D.In view of
答案????D 考查介词短语。in possession of占有,拥有;in spite of
即使;in case of 假使,万一;in view of鉴于。句意:鉴于你支付逾期
的事实,根据合同你不得不交罚款。
②(2018无锡一模)Wolf WarriorⅡis the first film to taste success
both ???? box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.
A.in terms of B.in view of
C.in place of D.in honor of
答案????A 考查介词短语辨析。句意:《战狼2》是第一部在票房
收入和弘扬中国核心价值观上都获得成功的电影。in terms of在
……方面,就……而言;in view of鉴于;in place of替代;in honor of
为纪念。
③(2018南京、盐城二模)The policy was rejected ???? a more
cautious one.
A.in case of B.in view of
C.in favor of D.in place of
答案????C 考查介词短语。句意:为了得到一个更加谨慎的政策,
这项政策被拒绝了。in case of万一;in view of鉴于;in favor of为
获得(更好或更需要的事物);in place of代替。
④(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)The new system introduced last
month is not working very effectively ???? professional training.
A.in place of B.in case of
C.in terms of D.in defense of
答案????C 考查介词短语辨析。句意:上个月引进的新系统在专
业训练上完成得不是非常有效。in place of 取代;in case of 以防,
万一;in terms of在……方面;in defense of保护,防护。
2.写出下列易混介词、介词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①out of order 发生故障;安排不当????
②out of place 不合适,不相称????
③out of shape 身材走样,身体欠佳????
④out of control 失控????
⑤in a rush 匆匆忙忙????
⑥at a crossroads 处于关键时刻,在紧要关头????
⑦in a dilemma 左右为难????
⑧on the move 在行进中,在移动中????
⑨in this regard 在这个方面????
⑩in the air 悬而未决;在传播中;在空中????
?in the picture 在局内????
?on the spot 当场;立刻????
?at random 随意地????
?at best 充其量????
?at intervals 每隔……时间;不时????
?in reply to 答复????
?in salute to 向……致敬????
?at hand 在手头,即将到来????
?at will 随意,任意????
?on trial 在实验中,受审????
?on track 走上正轨????
?in parallel with 与……平行,(与……)同时????
?by virtue of 凭借,由于????
?on the rise 上升????
?on the line 处于危险中????
?in the event of 万一,倘若????
?in line with 与……一致????
?in company with 与……一起????
?in tune with 与……协调,与……一致????
四、动词和动词短语
(一)v.+to相关短语
1.单项填空
①(2018南京、盐城一模)It is difficult for one to ???? the man-
ners of another world when he doesn't know what they are.
A.see to B.tend to
C.amount to D.subscribe to
答案????D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:当一个人不知道另一个世
界的习俗时,很难让他遵循这些习俗。see to 照料,负责;tend to 趋
向,有……的倾向;amount to 相当于,总计为;subscribe to 订阅,赞
成,同意。分析句意可知,空格处应是“赞同”,在句中引申为
“遵循,遵守”。
②(2018苏州一模)As the number of old people moving to Florida
increases, more changes are made to ???? them.
A.submit to B.object to
C.cater to D.contribute to
答案????C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:由于搬到Florida的老年人
数量的增加,更多的变化发生了以满足他们的需要。submit to提
交;屈服;object to反对;cater to迎合,满足需要;contribute to有助
于。
2.写出下列易混v.+to短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)appeal to① 吸引????
② 呼吁,上诉????
(2)apply to① 适用于????
② 申请????
(3)stick to 坚持????
(4)add to 增加????
(5)switch to 转换????
(6)attend to① 专心????
② 照顾,护理????
(7)lead to① 通向????
② 导致????
(8)correspond to① 相当于????
② 与……相符????
①(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)Varieties of magazines and re-
search papers are ???? with the aim of feeding readers' appetite
for specific knowledge.
A.put out B.made out
C.laid out D.taken out
(二)v.+out 相关短语
1.单项填空
答案????A 考查动词短语。put out公布,扑灭,出版;make out理解,
声称,辨认出,填写(表格);lay out展示,设计;安排;take out取出,除
去;把……带出去。本题中,put out表达的是“出版”的意思,大
量的杂志和研究论文被出版,故选A。
②(2018盐城三模)I sent in my application three weeks ago and they
're probably not going to call me back. I'm still ???? hope,
though.
A.holding out B.working out
C.figuring out D.setting out
答案????A 考查动词短语以及固定搭配。句意:三周前我寄出了
申请书,他们可能不会给我回电话。不过,我仍抱着希望。hold
out给予希望,使有可能;work out解出;理解;锻炼;figure out想出;解
决;计算出;弄明白;set out出发;着手;动身;安排。
2.写出下列易混v.+out短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)put out① 熄灭,扑灭????
② 生产,制造????
③ 出版;广播,公布????
(2)turn out ① 结果是????
② 出席,在场????
(3)try out 试验????
(4)come out① 出来????
② 开花????
③ 出版;发表????
(5)stand out① 突出;显眼????
② 杰出????
(6)check out 结账后离开????
(7)make out① 理解????
② 辨认出????
③ 假装????
④ 填写????
(8)go out① 出去????
② 熄灭????
③ (节目)播放;播出????
(9)give out ① 发出(光和热)????
② 分发????
③ 公布????
④ 耗尽,用完????
⑤ 停止运行,停止运转????
(三)v.+up 相关短语
1.单项填空
①(2018扬州一模)Nowadays, it's common for a child to ????
some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working
on it.
A.bring up B.pick up
C.look up D.set up
答案????B 考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养,养育;pick up(偶然)
学会;look up查找,查阅;set up建立,创立,开办。句意:现在,一个孩
子仅仅通过观察别人对电脑的操作就能掌握一些电脑知识是很
普遍的。
②(2018镇江一模)The recently-released movie Youth ???? the
memories, good and bad, of those who were born around the 60s of
the last century.
A.calls up B.steps up
C.keeps up D.makes up
答案????A 考查动词短语辨析。call up使想起;step up加快;keep
up保持;make up弥补。句意:最近发行的电影《芳华》唤起了出
生在上世纪60年代左右的人们的好的和坏的记忆。
2.写出下列易混v.+up 短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)spring up 突然兴起;迅速出现????
(2)break up① 破裂????
② 分拆,分解????
(3)build up① 逐渐增加????
② 增强????
(4)clear up① 收拾,整理????
② 天气放晴????
③ 解释,解决????
(5)hold up① 支撑某物????
② 抢劫????
③ 保持强壮????
④ 延误,耽搁????
(6)give up 放弃????
(7)stay up 熬夜????
(8)turn up① 出现,露面????
② 调大????
(9)polish up 提高,改善????
(10)hang up 挂断电话????
(11)take up① 占据(时间、空间)????
② 开始从事????
③ 开始处理????
④ 继续????
(12)go up① 上升,增长????
② (房子)被建起来????
(四)动词和其他动词短语
1.单项填空
①(2018高考原创押题预测卷)No one I know ???? any reliable
way to prevent the crushing pain but some books say to try stretch-
ing exercise and warm baths.
A.comes up with B.splits off from
C.pulls out of D.holds on to
答案????A 考查动词短语。句意:我知道的人中没有一个能想出
任何可靠的方法来阻止这种压迫痛,但一些书中说可以尝试伸展
运动和热水澡。come up with想出,提出;split off from 从……脱
离;pull out of退出;hold on to坚持(不放手)。
②(2018兴化市第一中学考前适应性练习) Linda realized she was
in the wrong and promised to ???? a new leaf.
A.take over B.turn over
C.get over D.go over
答案????B 考查动词短语。句意:琳达意识到自己错了,并承诺改
过自新。take over接管;turn over翻转,打翻,turn over a new leaf改
过自新,重新开始;get over克服;go over复习;仔细检查。
③(2018兴化市第一中学考前适应性练习)Physically challenged as
Jack was, he did not ???? himself to his fate.
A.resist B.reserve
C.resign D.rescue
答案????C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然杰克身体残疾,但是他
不愿屈服于自己的命运。 resist抵抗,抗拒;reserve储备,保留;re-
sign委托,使听从,屈服;rescue营救,援救。resign oneself to(doing)
sth.是固定短语,意为“使自己顺从于(做)某事”。故C项正确。
2.写出下列易混动词和动词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①accelerate 加快,加速????
②innovate 改革,创新????
③differentiate 区分????
④compile 编纂,编写????
⑤negotiate 协商????
⑥compensate 弥补,补偿????
⑦extend 延长;伸展;给予????
⑧clarify 澄清,阐明????
⑨exploit 开发,剥削????
⑩privilege 给予……特权????
?transport 运输;被(幻想等)带到(另一个地点或时间)????
?transform 使转化????
?be reduced to 减少到,使减少;被沦落为……????
?be committed to 致力于,委身于????
?be transferred to 被转移到????
?be exposed to 接触,暴露????
?account for 说明,解释????
?push for 争取????
?make for 导致,走向????
?head for 前往????
?crack down on 打击,镇压????
?fall back on 回头再说,退回到????
?keep up on 跟上????
?get away with 侥幸逃脱,侥幸成功????
?see through 看穿,识破????
?live through 经历(艰难或险境)????
?get one's way 随心所欲????
?give one's way 让路????
?catch up on 赶上,弥补????
?catch on 流行;(开始)明白,意识到????
?wrestle with 全力对付;努力克服????
考点1 词汇辨析
?
考点1 词汇辨析
词汇辨析主要是动词、动词短语、名词辨析,另外还有形容
词、副词、介词和介词短语的辨析。动词是英语中最灵活、最
难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词辨析在词汇辨析中所占比例最
大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词来测试考生在具体语境
中对动词的理解和运用能力。考查高频词汇和常用短语的新意
思(即“熟词生义”)是近几年高考的新趋势。考生需进行分类
梳理、强化记忆,做题时分析选项和语境。
?
1.名词和代词
典例1????(2018江苏, 32)Try to understand what's actually happening
instead of acting on the ????you've made.
A.assignment B.association
C.acquisition D.assumption
思路点拨 句意:要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根
据自己的假设采取行动。考查名词辨析。assumption 假定;假
设。符合语境。assignment任务;作业;association协会;联合;ac-
quisition(知识、技能等的)获得,得到。
答案????D
典例2????(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your ???? for happiness
and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt
思路点拨 句意:——你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?—
—确切地说,就是充实地度过每一天。考查名词词义辨析。
recipe秘诀,诀窍;record记录;range范围;receipt收据。根据句意选
A项。
答案????A
典例3????(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US
is not very different from ????in the UK.
A.that B.this C.one D.it
思路点拨 句意:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度
没有很大差异。考查代词。首先将原句改为:In many ways, the
education system in the US is not very different from the education
system in the UK.然后考虑用that代替特指的单数名词。
答案 A
2.形容词和副词辨析
?
典例4????(2018江苏,34)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the
manager is ????to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A.keen B.reluctant
C.anxious D.ready
思路点拨 句意:尽管这家宾馆的服务质量很糟糕,但是宾馆经理
还是不愿意在给员工足够的培训方面投资。考查形容词。reluc-
tant勉强的,不愿意的,符合语境。keen热切的,着迷的;anxious焦急
的,焦虑不安的;ready准备好的;愿意的。
答案????B
典例5????(2017江苏,29)Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smart
-phones defeated ????PCs in sales.
A.controversial B.contradictory
C.confidential D.conventional
思路点拨 句意:在Steve Jobs去世仅仅5年后,智能手机就在销量
上打败了传统的个人电脑。设空处应该用形容词形式修饰后面
的名词。
答案????D
典例6????(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not neces-
sarily caused by astronomical incidents. But ????explanations are
hard to find.
A.alternative B.aggressive
C.ambiguous D.apparent
思路点拨 句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体碰撞事件造成的,但是也
很难找到其他的解释。本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意可知选
择alternative“可供替代的,其他的”。aggressive“咄咄逼人的,
有进取心的”,ambiguous“模棱两可的”,apparent“显而易见
的”。
答案????A
3.介词和介词短语
?
典例7????(2018江苏,33)China's soft power grows ????the increas-
ing appreciation and understanding of China globally.
A.in line with B.in reply to
C.in return for D.in honour of
思路点拨 句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的
欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考查介词短语。in line with与……相
似;与……紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作
为回报。in honour of 为向……表示尊敬。
答案????A
典例8????(2017江苏,32)Determining where we are ????our sur-
roundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A.in contrast to B.in defense of
C.in face of D.in relation to
思路点拨 句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍
然是我们生存的重要技能。本题考查介词短语辨析。根据句意
可知,应选择in relation to“相对于……而言”。in contrast to
“和……相比”,in defense of“为……辩护”,in(the) face of“面
临”。
答案????D
4.动词和动词短语
?
bring about 引起,导致,使发生
bring out 出版,生产,使显出,阐明,使表现出
put through 接通电话;使经受(磨炼、痛苦)
put out 扑灭,关(灯);公布,出版
put up 张贴;搭建;抬高;住宿
turn out 结果是,证明是;生产出,制造出
turn away 把某人拒之门外;不准某人进入
take in 吸收;理解;欺骗;把……拿进来;收留
take on 呈现;承担;雇用;接纳;受欢迎
get through 顺利通过(考试);接通电话;度过(时间);完成
(1)常考点、易错点、难点整理如下:
get across 横过(马路、河等);解释清楚;传达
get around 四处走动;(谣言)等四处传播
get it 懂了,理解,明白
hold back 阻碍;隐瞒;控制;犹豫不决
go through 经历,遭受(困难、痛苦等);审阅,检查
go up 上升,上涨;(房子)在建;增长
(2)整理和列出含有下列介词或副词的短语以及不同词义:in,out,
to,up等。
work out 算出;想出;理解;锻炼
attend to 专心,致力于;处理,照顾
apply to 适用于
appeal to 吸引;呼吁,上诉
see to 负责;注意;关照(see to it that...确保;务使)
object to 反对=oppose/be opposed to/be against
devote...to... 奉献,致力于=commit/apply...to...
commit oneself to 献身于,致力于
amount to 总计,共达(=add up to/come to);等于,相当于
contribute to 对……作贡献;促成,造成
lead to 通向;导致
pull in 车子进站;靠边停下(=pull over)
involve...in... 涉及,卷入;参与
participate in 参加=join in/take part in
lay out 设计;展示;安排
make out 理解;声称;辨认出;填写(表格)
account for 是……的原因;解释;占据
allow for 考虑到;顾及
fall for 迷恋,对……倾心;上某人的当
stand for 代表,意味着,主张,支持
apply for 请求,申请
answer for 对……负责
pull through 恢复健康;渡过难关
break through 突破;克服
look through 审核;浏览;看穿
live through 经历……而幸存
look up 查找;向上看;改善,好转(=pick up);拜访(某人)
pick up 拾起;(开车)去接;获得,学会;收听节目;(生意、健康)好转;便宜买到
make up 编造;组成;构成;补齐,凑足;占(比例);化妆;和解
turn up 出现,露面;调大
take up 占据(时间,空间);开始从事;拿起
set off 出发;引爆;引发,激起
pay off 还清债务;结清工资后辞退某人;取得好的结果,成功
put off 推迟;使某人反感
take off 起飞;脱下;开始成名;事业腾飞
let off 排放;放(炮,烟火)(=set off);免除(惩罚)
典例9????(2018江苏,22)Kids shouldn't have access to violent films
because they might ????the things they see.
A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate
思路点拨 句意:不应该让孩子们看暴力电影,因为他们可能会模
仿自己看到的东西。考查动词辨析。indicate指出;指示。inves-
tigate调查。imitate 模仿;效仿。innovate 改革;创新。根据句意可
知选C。
答案????C
典例10????(2018江苏,25)Developing the Yangtze River Economic
Belt is a systematic project which ????a clear road map and
timetable.
A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up
思路点拨 句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程
需要一个清晰的路线图和一个时间表。考查动词短语。call for
需要;要求。call on 号召;拜访。call off 取消。call up回想起。
答案????A
典例11????(2017江苏,25)Working with the medical team in Africa
has ????the best in her as a doctor.
A.held out B.brought out C.picked out D.given out
思路点拨 句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到
了最大限度的发挥。本题考查动词短语辨析。hold out维持,坚
持;bring out 使明显,拿出,推出;pick out 挑出,辨认出;give out分发,
散发,公布,用尽。根据句意可知,应选B项。
答案????B
巩固技能练
1.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)In the company, extra 700 jobs
are being cut ???? the 2,000 that were lost last year.
A.in addition to B.in terms of
C.in spite of D.on account of
答案????A 考查介词短语。句意:在这个公司中,除了去年被裁掉
的 2,000 个职位外,还有额外的700个岗位也在削减中。in addi-
tion to除了……之外;in terms of在……方面;in spite of尽管;不顾;
on account of因为。
2.(2018南通、泰州一模)These figures should be ????, for even
a minor error can cost us millions of dollars.
A.precise B.flexible
C.optional D.approximate
答案????A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这些数据一定要精确,因
为甚至一个小错误都有可能造成我们百万美元的损失。precise
精确的;flexible灵活的;optional可选择的;approximate大约的。
3.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Although values may be ????, it's helpful
to share them with your partner for additional support.
A.terminal B.personal
C.crucial D.practical
答案????B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管价值观可能是非常
私人的,但是把它们和你的伙伴分享来获得额外支持是非常有帮
助的。terminal末端的;personal个人的;crucial重要的;practical实
际的。
4.(2018泰州中学二模)The company and the effect ????
brought about did great good to our business in the market.
A.it B.which
C.that D.what
答案????A 考查代词。句意:这家公司及其所带来的影响对我们
市场上的业务有很大的好处。此处it代指the company,it brought
about为定语从句,先行词the effect作brought about的宾语,后省略
了关系词which或that。
5.(2018扬州中学四模)The thought flashed through my mind:“By
some means or ???? she has some information about my engage-
ment. But how?”
A.other B.others
C.the other D.the others
答案????A 考查不定代词。句意:这个想法在我脑海闪现:通过某
种方式她得到了关于我订婚的信息,但是到底是怎么得到的呢?
固定搭配:some+可数名词单数+or+other,表示未知或未确指的人/
事物。
6.(2018南京三模)As more and more companies extend their global
????, it is easy to understand why new opportunities birth in vari-
ous locations.
A.concern B.appeal
C.reach D.consensus
答案????C 考查名词辨析。句意:因为越来越多的公司在拓展它
们的全球影响力,因此也可以很容易理解为什么新的机会出现在
各种地区。concern关心;appeal吸引力;reach波及范围,影响范围;
consensus共识。
7.(2018盐城三模)—You should have heard Tom yesterday?
—Sure. He's charged with taking the car without the owner's ????
????.
A.enquiry B.privilege
C.command D.consent
答案????D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你听说Tom昨天的事
了吗?——当然听说了,他因为没有经过主人的同意就开人家的
车被指控了。enquiry询问;打听;privilege特权;command命令;con-
sent同意,许可。
8.(2018南通、泰州一模)The concepts in philosophy Jack read
have somewhat affected how he ???? his daily life.
A.shrinks from B.pulls through
C.compensates for D.goes about
答案????D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:Jack读的哲学理念有点影
响着他日常生活的方式。shrink from 退缩;pull through 渡过难
关;compensate for补偿;go about着手做,开始做。
9.(2018苏锡常镇二模)You see, my watch ????10 minutes a day,
and that was why I was always late these days.
A.wins B.gains
C.leaves D.loses
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。win赢得;gain(通过努力)获得;
leave遗留;lose(钟、表)走慢,慢(若干时间)。根据后一分句“那
就是为什么我这些天经常会迟到”可知,我的手表应该是慢了十
分钟,lose符合句意,故选D。
10.(2018南京、盐城二模)Divided into six themes, Victoria's Secret
Fashion Show ???? 55 models in 87 looks.
A.featured B.represented
C.attracted D.impressed
答案????A 考查动词词义辨析。feature以……为特点;represent代
表;attract吸引;impress留下深刻印象。故选A。
11.(2018南京、盐城一模)They all sat together at table, laughing
and ????stories after many years' separation.
A.circulating B.swapping
C.spreading D.plotting
答案????B 考查动词辨析。句意:他们都坐在桌子旁,有说有笑地
讲述分开多年各自的故事。circulate (使)循环,流通,流传;swap 交
换;spread 传播,展开;plot 密谋,暗中策划。swap stories“交换故
事”,根据句意引申为“讲述故事”。
12.(2018南京、盐城一模)The movie Coco wraps two ????
themes—pursuing dreams, and how we remember loved ones—in a
colorful, culturally specific package.
A.contemporary B.religious
C.historical D.universal
答案????D 考查形容词辨析。句意:电影《寻梦环游记》在色彩
斑斓的特定文化包裹下,囊括了两个普遍的主题——追寻梦想与
如何记住至亲至爱。contemporary 当代的,现代的;religious 宗教
的,虔诚的;historical 历史的,历史上的;universal 普遍的,一般的。
由“pursuing dreams, and how we remember loved ones”可知 u-
niversal 符合题意。
13.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷) ????to work there, she ei-
ther wandered along the wards or stayed at home, saying she was ill.
A.Desperate B.Reluctant
C.Voluntary D.Anxious
答案????B 考查形容词。句意:由于不情愿在那里工作,她要么在
病房里闲逛,要么待在家里,声称自己生病了。 desperate不顾一切
的, 渴望的;reluctant勉强的;不情愿的;voluntary自愿的;anxious焦
急的。
14.(2018南京、盐城一模)—What about a self-drive trip to Tibet
this winter vacation?
—It sounds ????marvellous, but I won't be available at that time.
A.simply B.equally
C.firmly D.merely
答案????A 考查副词辨析。句意:——今年寒假自驾游去西藏怎
么样?——听起来太棒了,但我那个时候没时间。simply确实,简
直;equally 平均地,相等地;firmly 坚定地,坚决地;merely 只是,仅
仅。该副词修饰形容词“marvellous”,根据句意可知应该填入
simply。
15.(2018南京三模)The agency will make travel arrangements for
you. ????,you can organize your own transport.
A.Similarly B.Furthermore
C.Instead D.Alternatively
答案????D 考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个机构会帮你做好旅行
安排。或者,你也可以自己安排出行方式。alternatively 或者;二
者择一地。根据句意,该空格表达的是选择的意思,故选D。
16.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)Chinese people are sparing no ef-
fort to ????the well-being of the nation, believing happiness is
achieved through hard work.
A.take charge of B.take notice of
C.make sacrifices for D.make allowances for
答案????C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:中国人民不遗余力地为了
国家的康乐作出了很多牺牲,相信幸福是通过努力工作获得的。
take charge of 负责;take notice of 注意到;make sacrifices for为…
…作出牺牲;make allowances for考虑到。
17.(2018南京三模)Through the use of blogs, shy students who
rarely ????during class discussions are given a voice.
A.advance B.focus
C.compromise D.contribute
答案????D 考查动词辨析。句意:通过博客的使用,那些害羞的很
少在课堂讨论上做出贡献的学生也有了发言权。advance前进;
focus集中(精力、注意力);compromise 妥协;contribute贡献。
18.(2018苏锡常镇二模)It's reported that in many countries there are
rescue centers for girls who are forced into early marriages, and
boys who ???? to look after farm animals.
A.drop in B.drop away
C.drop off D.drop out
答案????D 考查动词短语。句意:据报道,在很多国家有为了帮助
那些被迫早婚的女生或者是辍学去照看农场动物的男生(而建
造)的救助中心。drop in顺便拜访;drop away减少,减弱;drop off减
少;打瞌睡;drop out辍学。
19.(2018苏锡常镇二模)—Does Jack still hang about every day?
—No, he has mended his ways. After his father died, he set his hand
to his business and has already put it ????.
A.in order B.in chaos
C.in effect D.in store
答案????A 考查介词短语。句意:——Jack每天还在外面闲逛吗?
——不,他已经改过自新了。自从他爸爸去世之后,他着手他的生
意并打理得井井有条。put...in order把……打理得井井有条。
20.(2018盐城三模)Thomas made ???? his concerns about the
changes that had been introduced at work.
A.plain B.perfect
C.easy D.ambiguous
答案????A 考查形容词辨析和熟词生义。句意:Thomas清楚地表
明了他对工作中所引入的变化的顾虑。plain一般意思为“平坦
的”,生义为“清楚的,明白的”;perfect完美的;easy容易的;am-
biguous模糊的。
拓展提升练
1.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Every great accomplishment rests on the????
of what came before it;when you trace it back, you'll see one
small step that started it all.
A.reputation B.expectation
C.recreation D.foundation
答案????D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:每一个伟大的成就都是建
立在它之前的基础之上的。当你追溯它的时候,你会看到一小步
开始了它的全部。reputation名声;expectation期望;recreation娱乐;
foundation基础。
2.(2018扬州中学四模)—How did you enjoy the game?
—I was impressed by the energy and ???? shown by the players.
A.qualification B.commitment
C.investment D.privilege
答案????B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你喜欢这个比赛吗?—
—我对运动员所表现出的活力及奉献精神印象深刻。qualifica-
tion 资格,学历;commitment 投入,奉献;investment 投资,投入;privi-
lege特权。
3.(2018南通、泰州一模)Heavy debts have left the firm faced with
an economic ????in the financial crisis.
A.switch B.scratch
C.squeeze D.status
答案????C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:巨大的债务使公司在这场
金融危机中面临经济拮据问题。squeeze “经济困难,拮据”,符
合题意。
4.(2018南京三模)The coach of the football team ????to resign to
take responsibility for the failure, but it was rejected.
A.offered B.managed
C.needed D.afforded
答案????A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这支足球队的教练主动提
出辞职来承担这次失败的责任,但是这个请求被拒绝了。offer to
do sth.主动提出做某事;manage to do 设法做成某事;need to do 需
要做某事;afford to do负担得起做某事。
5.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)—Did your boss adopt your
idea?
—No, he just laughed and ???? it as impossible.
A.reserved B.advocated
C.anticipated D.dismissed
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。reserve保留;advocate提倡;antici-
pate预期;dismiss不予考虑。根据句意可知老板认为我的想法不
可能而不予考虑。
6.(2018南京、盐城二模)—When will you ???? travelling?
—Maybe next week.
A.go in for B.get around to
C.look forward to D.hold on to
答案????B 考查动词短语。句意:——你什么时候会抽出时间去
旅游?——也许下周吧。go in for参加,从事;get around to抽出时
间去做某事;look forward to期望,盼望;hold on to坚持。
7.(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)No matter how big the difficul-
ties ahead are, we'll never ???? them.
A.hand over B.shrink from
C.pull over D.arise from
答案????B 考查动词短语。hand over移交;shrink from畏避,回避
(困难等);pull over靠边停车;arise from由……引起。句意:无论前
面的困难有多大,我们也决不逃避。
8.(2018南京、盐城二模)Guanghwa Bookshop as a stand-alone
bookshop may face a loss, because profits from selling print books
are ???? and rents in central London are high.
A.zero B.handsome
C.adequate D.slim
答案????D 考查词义辨析。zero零;handsome帅气的;adequate足
够的;slim微薄的。这里指微薄的利润。
9.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)—What's the main reason for
choosing one restaurant ????another?
—Just the service.
A.against B.beyond
C.over D.after
答案????C 考查介词词义辨析。 句意:——你选择一家饭店而不
是另一家的主要原因是什么?——只是因为服务。over强调比较
的概念,意为“胜过,比……更好”。
10.(2018盐城三模)My printer is five years old, so I'd like to ????
it and purchase a new one online.
A.delete B.retire
C.refresh D.declare
答案????B 考查动词辨析。句意:我的打印机已经用了五年了,所
以我准备不再使用它然后在网上买台新的。delete删除;retire退
休,不再使用;refresh使恢复精力;declare声明。
11.(2018苏锡常镇一模)We really emphasize the importance of
putting ????safeguards to prevent children's identities from falling
in wrong people's hands.
A.in place B.in vain
C.in question D.in earnest
答案????A 考查短语辨析。句意:我们真正强调落实安全保障措
施的重要性以防止儿童身份落入坏人手中。in place到位;in vain
徒劳;in question有疑问,不确定;in earnest认真地。
12.(2018盐城三模)Many graduates aren't prepared for what the fu-
ture has ???? when they come out of school.
A.in demand B.at ease
C.at length D.in store
答案????D 考查介词短语。in demand有需求;at ease舒适;at
length最终;in store即将发生(在某人身上)。
13.(2018南京三模)We watched the harbour and then the coastline
????into the morning mist.
A.turn away B.fade away
C.wear away D.break away
答案????B 考查短语辨析。turn away 拒绝(某人)进入;fade away
逐渐消失,衰弱;wear away 磨损;break away 离开;挣脱。句意:我
们看着港口,然后看着海岸线逐渐消失在清晨的雾里。
14.(2018苏锡常镇二模)Our city government is building more roads
to the increasing number of cars.
A.adjust B.accept
C.accelerate D.accommodate
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们市政府正在建造更多
的马路来容纳不断增多的车辆。adjust调整;accept接受;accelerate
加速;accommodate调节,容纳。
15.(2018苏锡常镇一模)Cells are important because they are orga-
nized structures that help living things the activities of life.
A.carry on B.expand on
C.put on D.hang on
答案????A 考查动词短语。carry on进行;expand on讲述,进一步
说明;put on穿上;hang on紧紧抓住。句意:细胞是十分重要的,因
为它们是帮助生物进行生命活动的组织结构。
16.(2018南京、盐城二模)I would have gone to bed when I was
sick instead of ???? the earth would go into a holding pattern if I
weren't there for the day.
A.confirming B.predicting
C.pretending D.concluding
答案????C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我生病的时候,我就卧床
休息,而不会假装自己一天不工作,地球就会停止转动。pretend假
装,选C。
17.(2018扬州中学四模)Sadly, as spending on private houses has ????
????, spending on apartments has generally declined.
A.lifted B.flown
C.heightened D.soared
答案????D 考查动词词义辨析。lift (使)抬高,提高,增长;flow流
动,流畅;heighten (使)提高,增加,加强;soar 激增,骤升。句意:不幸
的是,随着私人住宅花费的激增,用于公寓上的花销普遍下降。
18.(2018扬州中学四模)The president spoke ???? about job cre-
ation and other issues that affect the lives of ordinary Americans so
that they could know about every detail.
A.at random B.at will
C.at length D.at hand
答案????C 考查介词短语。句意:总统详细地说了增加就业和其
他影响普通美国人生活的问题,以便他们能够知道每个细节。at
random随机地,随意地;at will任意地,随意地;at length详尽地,最
后;at hand在手边,在附近,即将到来。
19.(2018南京三模)The suspect was released, as the evidence was
????and, to some extent, ambiguous.
A.clear B.thin C.hard D.negative
答案????B 考查形容词。句意:嫌疑人被释放了,因为缺少有力的
证据,且在某种程度上,证据模糊。clear清晰的;thin空乏的,不能令
人信服的;hard坚硬的;negative消极的。
20.(2018通泰扬徐宿淮六市二模)Professor Stanley didn't agree
with all my points but wrote a very ????assessment of my paper.
A.critical B.ambiguous
C.subjective D.generous
答案????D 句意:虽然Stanley教授不同意我所有的观点, 但是他还
是对我的论文评价多有赞誉之词。critical关键的;批评的;am-
biguous模棱两可的;subjective主观的;个人的;generous慷慨的,大
方的;宽宏大量的。
易混易错练
一、易混名词辨析
1.单项填空
①(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)Elizabeth shows great ????
in her choice of friends, so she has a lot of trustworthy companions.
A.comprehension B.discrimination
C.determination D.consideration
答案????B 考查名词辨析。comprehension理解;discrimination辨
别力,鉴赏力;determination决心;consideration考虑,体谅。句意:伊
丽莎白在选择朋友的时候展现出了巨大的辨别力,所以她有很多
值得信任的伙伴。
②(2018镇江一模)What to wear in winter? The look of queens and
princesses around the world may give you some ????, which are
elegant and also attainable.
A.interpretations B.inspirations
C.innovations D.invitations
答案????B 考查名词词义辨析。interpretation 演绎,解释;inspira-
tion启发,激励;innovation创新;invitation邀请。句意:……世界上
皇后和公主的穿着可能会带给你一些启发……。
③(2017苏州高三上学期期中试卷) To be an artist is not easy, but
sometimes dreams can be a rich source of ???? for an artist.
A.occasion B.identification
C.inspiration D.occupation
答案????C 考查名词词义辨析。occasion时机;identification识别;
inspiration启发灵感的人(或物);occupation占据,职业。句意:成为
一名艺术家不容易,但是有时候对一名艺术家来说梦想可能是灵
感的丰富源泉。
2.写出下列易混名词的汉语意思并背诵:
①commission 佣金,提成,回扣????
②admission 承认;允许进入????
③pension 退休金,养老金????
④explosion 爆炸????
⑤dimension 方面????
⑥extension 延伸,扩大????
⑦version 版本????
⑧vision 视力;视野????
⑨illusion 错觉????
⑩collision 碰撞;冲突????
?comprehension 理解,理解力????
?ambition 雄心,抱负????
?immigration 移民????
?migration 迁移,移居????
?affection 喜爱,钟爱????
?acquisition 获得,购置物????
?cooperation 合作????
?corporation 公司????
?convention 惯例,习俗????
?core 核心????
?credit 贷款;学分;信誉,信用;荣誉????
?criterion 标准????
?currency 货币;通用,流通????
?introduction 介绍,引进????
?production 生产,产品????
?exposure 暴露,揭发????
?investigation 调查,研究????
?innovation 改革,创新????
?negotiation 谈判,协商????
?accommodation 住处;调解????
?extent 程度,范围????
?investment 投资????
?preference 偏爱????
?competence 胜任;能力????
?dependence 依赖,依靠????
?conscience 良心????
?coincidence 巧合;一致????
?dignity 尊严;自尊????
?dilemma (进退两难的)窘境,困境????
?discipline 纪律????
?distinction 区别;荣誉;特质;卓越????
?exception 例外,除外????
?insight 顿悟;领悟;洞察力????
?priority 优先,优先权;优先考虑的事????
?parallel 极其相似的人;相似点????
?regulation 规则,管理????
?reservation 预订????
?restriction 限制????
?qualification 资格;学历????
二、易混形容词、副词辨析
1.单项填空
①(2018第二次全国大联考江苏卷)Many Beijing residents go to
great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially
when it reaches ????pollution levels.
A.crucial B.permanent
C.critical D.abrupt
答案????C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:许多北京市民竭尽全力
避免呼吸该城市的雾霾,尤其是当它达到严重污染的程度时。
critical严重的,危急的。crucial至关重要的;permanent永恒的;
abrupt突然的,意外的。根据句意可知选C项。
②(2018扬州中学四模)As the Olympic Games edge closer, about 1
40,000 people are needed. Of those, 90,000 will be employees with
a ???? 50,000 volunteers.
A.further B.considerable
C.massive D.tremendous
答案????A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着奥运会的临近,大约
需要14万人。其中9万人会是雇员,另外的5万人是志愿者。fur-
ther附加的,更多的,更进一步的。considerable相当大的,相当多
的。massive巨大的。tremendous巨大的,惊人的。
③(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模) Sue was greatly inspired
though she made ????improvements in her English writing.
A.modest B.brilliant
C.tremendous D.considerable
答案 A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管Sue在她的英语写作
上只取得了一点小的进步,但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest些许的,不
太大的;brilliant聪明的,杰出的;tremendous巨大的;considerable相
当大的。
2.写出下列易混形容词、副词的汉语意思并背诵:
①tentative 暂时的;犹豫的????
②confidential 机密的????
③fundamental 根本的;基本的????
④conventional 传统的????
⑤allergic 过敏的????
⑥immune 免疫的,不受影响的????
⑦sensitive 敏感的;易受影响的????
⑧conservative 保守的????
⑨competitive 竞争的,比赛的????
⑩comprehensive 有理解力的;综合的????
?
?creative 创造性的,有创造力的????
?mature 成熟的????
?reluctant 不情愿的????
?sustainable 可持续的????
?authentic 真正的;正宗的????
?innocent 无辜的????
?absurd 荒谬的;荒唐的????
?alternative 可替代的;二者择一的????
?ambiguous 模棱两可的????
?automatic 自动的????
?compulsory 义务的;强制性的????
?complicated 复杂的????
?conscious 有意识的????
?consistent 一致的;连续的????
?contemporary 当代的,现代的;同时代的????
?controversial 有争议的????
?initial 最初的;首字母的????
?numb 麻木的,失去知觉的????
?optional 可选择的;随意的????
?original 原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的????
?realistic 现实的????
?relevant 相关的????
?ridiculous 可笑的,荒谬的;荒唐的,愚蠢的????
?rigid 僵硬的;死板的;顽固的????
?solid 固体的;实心的;结实的;可靠的????
?sufficient 足够的;充足的????
?systematic 系统化的????
?valid 有效的;合理的????
?vivid 生动的????
?visual 视觉的,视力的????
?weird 奇怪的,奇异的????
三、介词和介词短语
1.单项填空
①(2018苏北四市第一次调研) ???? the fact that your payment
misses the deadline, you'll have to pay a fine according to the con-
tract.
A.In possession of B.In spite of
C.In case of D.In view of
答案????D 考查介词短语。in possession of占有,拥有;in spite of
即使;in case of 假使,万一;in view of鉴于。句意:鉴于你支付逾期
的事实,根据合同你不得不交罚款。
②(2018无锡一模)Wolf WarriorⅡis the first film to taste success
both ???? box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.
A.in terms of B.in view of
C.in place of D.in honor of
答案????A 考查介词短语辨析。句意:《战狼2》是第一部在票房
收入和弘扬中国核心价值观上都获得成功的电影。in terms of在
……方面,就……而言;in view of鉴于;in place of替代;in honor of
为纪念。
③(2018南京、盐城二模)The policy was rejected ???? a more
cautious one.
A.in case of B.in view of
C.in favor of D.in place of
答案????C 考查介词短语。句意:为了得到一个更加谨慎的政策,
这项政策被拒绝了。in case of万一;in view of鉴于;in favor of为
获得(更好或更需要的事物);in place of代替。
④(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)The new system introduced last
month is not working very effectively ???? professional training.
A.in place of B.in case of
C.in terms of D.in defense of
答案????C 考查介词短语辨析。句意:上个月引进的新系统在专
业训练上完成得不是非常有效。in place of 取代;in case of 以防,
万一;in terms of在……方面;in defense of保护,防护。
2.写出下列易混介词、介词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①out of order 发生故障;安排不当????
②out of place 不合适,不相称????
③out of shape 身材走样,身体欠佳????
④out of control 失控????
⑤in a rush 匆匆忙忙????
⑥at a crossroads 处于关键时刻,在紧要关头????
⑦in a dilemma 左右为难????
⑧on the move 在行进中,在移动中????
⑨in this regard 在这个方面????
⑩in the air 悬而未决;在传播中;在空中????
?in the picture 在局内????
?on the spot 当场;立刻????
?at random 随意地????
?at best 充其量????
?at intervals 每隔……时间;不时????
?in reply to 答复????
?in salute to 向……致敬????
?at hand 在手头,即将到来????
?at will 随意,任意????
?on trial 在实验中,受审????
?on track 走上正轨????
?in parallel with 与……平行,(与……)同时????
?by virtue of 凭借,由于????
?on the rise 上升????
?on the line 处于危险中????
?in the event of 万一,倘若????
?in line with 与……一致????
?in company with 与……一起????
?in tune with 与……协调,与……一致????
四、动词和动词短语
(一)v.+to相关短语
1.单项填空
①(2018南京、盐城一模)It is difficult for one to ???? the man-
ners of another world when he doesn't know what they are.
A.see to B.tend to
C.amount to D.subscribe to
答案????D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:当一个人不知道另一个世
界的习俗时,很难让他遵循这些习俗。see to 照料,负责;tend to 趋
向,有……的倾向;amount to 相当于,总计为;subscribe to 订阅,赞
成,同意。分析句意可知,空格处应是“赞同”,在句中引申为
“遵循,遵守”。
②(2018苏州一模)As the number of old people moving to Florida
increases, more changes are made to ???? them.
A.submit to B.object to
C.cater to D.contribute to
答案????C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:由于搬到Florida的老年人
数量的增加,更多的变化发生了以满足他们的需要。submit to提
交;屈服;object to反对;cater to迎合,满足需要;contribute to有助
于。
2.写出下列易混v.+to短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)appeal to① 吸引????
② 呼吁,上诉????
(2)apply to① 适用于????
② 申请????
(3)stick to 坚持????
(4)add to 增加????
(5)switch to 转换????
(6)attend to① 专心????
② 照顾,护理????
(7)lead to① 通向????
② 导致????
(8)correspond to① 相当于????
② 与……相符????
①(2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模)Varieties of magazines and re-
search papers are ???? with the aim of feeding readers' appetite
for specific knowledge.
A.put out B.made out
C.laid out D.taken out
(二)v.+out 相关短语
1.单项填空
答案????A 考查动词短语。put out公布,扑灭,出版;make out理解,
声称,辨认出,填写(表格);lay out展示,设计;安排;take out取出,除
去;把……带出去。本题中,put out表达的是“出版”的意思,大
量的杂志和研究论文被出版,故选A。
②(2018盐城三模)I sent in my application three weeks ago and they
're probably not going to call me back. I'm still ???? hope,
though.
A.holding out B.working out
C.figuring out D.setting out
答案????A 考查动词短语以及固定搭配。句意:三周前我寄出了
申请书,他们可能不会给我回电话。不过,我仍抱着希望。hold
out给予希望,使有可能;work out解出;理解;锻炼;figure out想出;解
决;计算出;弄明白;set out出发;着手;动身;安排。
2.写出下列易混v.+out短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)put out① 熄灭,扑灭????
② 生产,制造????
③ 出版;广播,公布????
(2)turn out ① 结果是????
② 出席,在场????
(3)try out 试验????
(4)come out① 出来????
② 开花????
③ 出版;发表????
(5)stand out① 突出;显眼????
② 杰出????
(6)check out 结账后离开????
(7)make out① 理解????
② 辨认出????
③ 假装????
④ 填写????
(8)go out① 出去????
② 熄灭????
③ (节目)播放;播出????
(9)give out ① 发出(光和热)????
② 分发????
③ 公布????
④ 耗尽,用完????
⑤ 停止运行,停止运转????
(三)v.+up 相关短语
1.单项填空
①(2018扬州一模)Nowadays, it's common for a child to ????
some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working
on it.
A.bring up B.pick up
C.look up D.set up
答案????B 考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养,养育;pick up(偶然)
学会;look up查找,查阅;set up建立,创立,开办。句意:现在,一个孩
子仅仅通过观察别人对电脑的操作就能掌握一些电脑知识是很
普遍的。
②(2018镇江一模)The recently-released movie Youth ???? the
memories, good and bad, of those who were born around the 60s of
the last century.
A.calls up B.steps up
C.keeps up D.makes up
答案????A 考查动词短语辨析。call up使想起;step up加快;keep
up保持;make up弥补。句意:最近发行的电影《芳华》唤起了出
生在上世纪60年代左右的人们的好的和坏的记忆。
2.写出下列易混v.+up 短语的汉语意思并背诵:
(1)spring up 突然兴起;迅速出现????
(2)break up① 破裂????
② 分拆,分解????
(3)build up① 逐渐增加????
② 增强????
(4)clear up① 收拾,整理????
② 天气放晴????
③ 解释,解决????
(5)hold up① 支撑某物????
② 抢劫????
③ 保持强壮????
④ 延误,耽搁????
(6)give up 放弃????
(7)stay up 熬夜????
(8)turn up① 出现,露面????
② 调大????
(9)polish up 提高,改善????
(10)hang up 挂断电话????
(11)take up① 占据(时间、空间)????
② 开始从事????
③ 开始处理????
④ 继续????
(12)go up① 上升,增长????
② (房子)被建起来????
(四)动词和其他动词短语
1.单项填空
①(2018高考原创押题预测卷)No one I know ???? any reliable
way to prevent the crushing pain but some books say to try stretch-
ing exercise and warm baths.
A.comes up with B.splits off from
C.pulls out of D.holds on to
答案????A 考查动词短语。句意:我知道的人中没有一个能想出
任何可靠的方法来阻止这种压迫痛,但一些书中说可以尝试伸展
运动和热水澡。come up with想出,提出;split off from 从……脱
离;pull out of退出;hold on to坚持(不放手)。
②(2018兴化市第一中学考前适应性练习) Linda realized she was
in the wrong and promised to ???? a new leaf.
A.take over B.turn over
C.get over D.go over
答案????B 考查动词短语。句意:琳达意识到自己错了,并承诺改
过自新。take over接管;turn over翻转,打翻,turn over a new leaf改
过自新,重新开始;get over克服;go over复习;仔细检查。
③(2018兴化市第一中学考前适应性练习)Physically challenged as
Jack was, he did not ???? himself to his fate.
A.resist B.reserve
C.resign D.rescue
答案????C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然杰克身体残疾,但是他
不愿屈服于自己的命运。 resist抵抗,抗拒;reserve储备,保留;re-
sign委托,使听从,屈服;rescue营救,援救。resign oneself to(doing)
sth.是固定短语,意为“使自己顺从于(做)某事”。故C项正确。
2.写出下列易混动词和动词短语的汉语意思并背诵:
①accelerate 加快,加速????
②innovate 改革,创新????
③differentiate 区分????
④compile 编纂,编写????
⑤negotiate 协商????
⑥compensate 弥补,补偿????
⑦extend 延长;伸展;给予????
⑧clarify 澄清,阐明????
⑨exploit 开发,剥削????
⑩privilege 给予……特权????
?transport 运输;被(幻想等)带到(另一个地点或时间)????
?transform 使转化????
?be reduced to 减少到,使减少;被沦落为……????
?be committed to 致力于,委身于????
?be transferred to 被转移到????
?be exposed to 接触,暴露????
?account for 说明,解释????
?push for 争取????
?make for 导致,走向????
?head for 前往????
?crack down on 打击,镇压????
?fall back on 回头再说,退回到????
?keep up on 跟上????
?get away with 侥幸逃脱,侥幸成功????
?see through 看穿,识破????
?live through 经历(艰难或险境)????
?get one's way 随心所欲????
?give one's way 让路????
?catch up on 赶上,弥补????
?catch on 流行;(开始)明白,意识到????
?wrestle with 全力对付;努力克服????