2019年中考英语二轮题型专练：短文改错精选（一）含答案

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2019年中考英语二轮题型专练：短文改错精选（一）含答案
一、考点要点归纳
1．词法测试
(1)定冠词和不定冠词；(2)名词的单复数和名词所有格；(3)动词的时态、语态、情态动词和非谓语动词等；(4)人称代词的宾格、物主代词、不定代词等；(5)介词的搭配；(6)形容词、副词的区别及比较级和最高级；(7)固定搭配和习惯用法。
2．句法测试
(1)主谓一致；(2)复合句；(3)句子结构的连贯性、完整性及逻辑性等。
复习建议
1．在平时写作过程中要注意有意识地纠正自己容易犯的语法错误，善于总结一些错误类型并加以强化练习。
2．通过看其他同学的习作，培养纠错意识。
3．平时多做单句的改错练习，逐渐体会和把握这一题型的规律。
二?短文改错解题步骤与技巧
　　１.通读全文，把握大意。
　　短文改错不同于单词改错，它涉及逻辑行文错误，及句子与句子之间必要的联系。单独看可能是对的，但从整体看却与上下文不符，因此，事先必须通读全文，把握文章的大意及上下文之间的联系。
　?2.分句阅读，从以下几个方面去发现问题。
　　　?１）实词的语法变化，如动词的时态，语态变化，现在时第三人称单数形式变化，非谓语动词的形式变化，名词的单复数变化，代词与格的变化，形容词，副词比较等级的变化等。
　?　　２）冠词，不定式符号，不定代词等一些名词前的限定词是否多用，少用或错用。
　　　?３）句子中的平行现象以及上下文中的一致现象。
　　　?４）表示肯定与否定，全否定与部分否定，转折，让步，因果关系的词是否用得恰当，是否影响了句子与句子之间的逻辑关系。
　　3.复读全文，消除疏忽。
　　做完后，应把改正后答案放在短文中去复读一遍，是否通顺恰当，以保证答题的准确率。
短文改错题综合性强、难度大、考查的知识面广。做此类题时，学生往往感到无从下手。或顾此失彼。笔者认为，要做好这类题，重要的是要有扎实的语言基础，学生不仅要掌握扎实的语法知识，还要有较强的阅读理解和分析判断能力。其次，要掌握一定的解题方法。教师在日常教学中，除了听、说、读、写的全面训练，还要有目的、有步骤、循序渐进地提高学生的解题能力。
练习：下列短文中，共有十处错误，请你在原文中划出错误的地方并改正。
A
（2019中考选练）
Mr Green is our teacher. He come from London. He teaches our English. He knows a little Chinese. too. But he can’t ask us with Chinese.? He likes work in China. Mrs Green works in China too. She is a worker. She’s works hard. Her factory is near our school. Mr and Mrs Green have the son. He is fifteen. He’s name is Jim. He’s a student. He studys in a middle school. The school is near their home. He goes to school by a bike every day. The Greens is friendly to us. We like them very much.

B
读下面的短文，每一行中带有划线的单词都是错误的，请按照示范，把正确答案填在后面的横线上（每空一词，不得改变原文意思）。
I live in the country and my father was a farmer. 1．___
He is now forty—five year old. Because of years of 2．____
hard work, he looks old than his age. When I was 3．_____
young, he use to tell me the importance of study. 4．_____
Father knows little about English and other subject. 5．______
But he usually gives me some good advices on how 6．______
To learn my lessons good. He is not only kind to me 7．_______
But also very strict with me. With the help, I’ve made 8．_______
great progress. I’ll never forgot what he taught 9．_______
me. I think my father is a best father in the world. 10．_______

C
（2019中考选练）
Dear Sam,
I have accepted the history book you sent to me. Here I wish to express my thanks to you of your kindness. Now I am write an English article on friends and friendship. Eager to have a history book, I searched several bookstores for it. To my surprised, I couldn’t find the book I wanted it. I was worrying about it while you happened to appear. You immediately offered to lend me your. That was very kind of you. The book you posted to me will certain be helpful. Thanks again! I will return to you as soon as possible.
Yours,
Johnson

C
短文改错：找出每一行中的错误，给予纠正。
Henry is a litter fat than he wants to be.??????????? 1.______
He wants lose some weight. He tries not?????????? 2.______
to eat too many and he eats very little sugar??????? 3.______
because if make him fat. He is also?????????????? 4.______
takes exercise every day. Now he??????????????? 5.______
is stronger than ago. Henry’s sister,?????????????? 6.______
Susan, is healther than Henry. She is????????????? 7.______
too younger and thinner than he is.?????????????? 8.______
She take exercises every day. She doesn’t??????????? 9.______
eat much meat. She eats lot? of???????????????? 10._____
fruits and vegetables, because she thinks they are better for her.

E
（2019中考选练）
Jim Green teaches our English . He has been in China for more than two year. He has been to many interesting places in Beijing, and he has not yet been to many others parts of China. Last week he goes to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family. Many people like travel by air, but Jim family think that traveling by train is the best. It is much cheap and far more enjoyable than a rushing trip by air. He had a wonderful train ride to Chengdu after they went to Mount Emei by bus.

F
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断，每一行均有一处错误。请按下列情况进行改正。此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（╲）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，也并用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
At 3:42 am something began to shake. It seemed that??? 1. __________
the world was in an end! Eleven kilometers directly below???????? 2. __________
the city, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century begin.??? ? 3. __________
It was heard in Beijing where is one hundred kilometers ?????????? 4. __________
away. One third of the nation felt. A huge crack that was ???????? 5. __________
eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut cross ??????????????? 6. __________
houses, roads and canals. Steam burst into from holes in the ?????????? 7. __________
ground. Hard hills of rocks become rivers of dirt. In ?????????????? 8. __________
fifteen seconds a large city lain in ruin（废墟）. Two thirds of ???????????9. __________
people died of or injured during the earthquake. ?????????????????????? 10. __________

G
（2019中考选练）
One summer evening, I was playing and some childs by a river. We saw a lot of frogs(青蛙) in the water. One of us said, “Let’s to see who can Catch most frogs.” Then we began. After while we caught a lot. We are having a good time when a farmer shouted at us. “Don’t caught frogs!” Then he told us how importance they are to farming. They eat a lot of bad insects(害虫)every year, Caught frogs must be stopped. After hear that, we felt very sorry.

H
Yesterday we went to plant trees on the hill near
our school. The boys were made dig pits(坑).The 1．____________
girls were told to plant the young trees into the pits. 2．____________
All of us worked very hardly. Soon we were all wet 3．____________
with sweat. After the young trees planted, we 4．____________
began to water it. The water was at the foot of 5．____________
the hill. But we stood in line to pass pails(桶) 6．____________
of water from one to another up to the hill.
We did not finish water the trees until it 7.____________
was dark. Though we were tired, we feel very happy. 8．____________

I
下面短文中的划线部分是错误的，请改正，但不得改变原文意思。
Mr. White is our English teacher. He has come （1）． in China for more than two year（2）．. He has been to many interesting places in Beijing, and （3）． he has not yet been to many others （4）． parts of China. Last week he goes （5）． to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family. Many people like travelling by the air（6）．, but the White（7）family think that travelling by train is the best, it is much cheap（8）． and far more enjoyable than a trip by air. They had a wonderfully （9）．train trip to Chengdu after （10）． they went on to Mount Emei by bus.

J
答题要求：此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no 1._____________
play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you 2._____________
study all the times you will become a boring person. You 3._____________
must go out and having fun with your friends, otherwise 4. _____________
you will lose him. No one wants to be friends with the 5._____________
person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have 6._____________
a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work 7._____________
you do is for yourself rather than for anyone else. You do 8._____________
not have to compete your classmates. No one can be 9._____________
happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. 10._____________

K
（2019中考选练）
下面短文中的划线部分是错误的,请改正并将正确答案依次写在横线上(每空一词不改变原文意思)
Grandma lives with my aunt in the country not farther away. Yesterday was her sixtieth birthday. My parents and me decided to visit her. Early on the morning we bought some flower and a big cake and went there by bus. Grandma and aunt were all glad to see us. We gave her our presents and she is very pleased. When we sat down and began to talk, aunt went to cook lunch. The meal was very delicious that we all enjoyed it very much. At 4:30, we say goodbye to them and came back. We had a better time at my aunt’s yesterday.

L
It is interesting to visit foreign country, but there 1.________
are some problems if we know the language very well. 2.________
It may be difficulty to talk with the people there. 3.________
We may don’t know how to use the telephone there. 4.________
We may not know how to buy things we needs. 5.________
In a strange country, we may not know where to be eat or what to order in a restaurant. 6.________
When we need help, we may not know how to ask help. 7.________
It is not a happy thing to have an experience like that. 8.________

M
下面短文中分别有10处语言错误。请在错误的地方作出记号，增加，删除或修改某个单词。写在横线上。
We are all busy talking about and use the Internet which set up many years ago. At first ,the internet was only used by the government ,but in the early 1970s’, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it as well as .However, computers were still expensive and the Internet was difficult to use it .Thirty years later, computers become cheaper and easier. Today it is easy to get on line and it is told that millions people use the Internet every day . Send e-mail is more and more popular between students.It has become one of the most important parts of people’s life.
1_________ 2_________ 3___________ 4__________
5 _________ 6_________ 7_________ 8___________
9__________ 10 ___________






A【参考答案】



B【参考答案】
1．Is 2．years
3．Older 4．used
5．Subjects 6．advice
7．Well 8．his
9．Forget 10．the
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了人们喜欢游泳但是他们并不注意自己的安全问题，好多学生在游泳中失去自己的生命，本篇文章好还讲述了怎么游泳才是安全的。
1．考查动词时态。句意：我住在乡下，我的父亲是一个农民。根据时态保持一致，用一般现在时，故改为is
2．考查名词复数。句意：他现在45岁了。要用复数，故改为years。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：她比他的年龄看起来老多了。根据题意可知用比较级，故改为older
4．考查固定词组。句意：当我还小的时候他过去常常告诉我学习的重要性，故改为used，used to do表示过去常常做某事。
5．考查名词复数。句意：关于英语和其他的科目父亲知道的很少。Other +名词的复数。故改为subjects。
6．考查固定词组，句意：但是他通常给我一些怎样学好英语的建议。Give sb some good advice on sth在某方面给某人一些建议。故改为advice是不可数名词。
7．考查副词。句意; 但是他通常给我一些怎样学好英语的建议。修饰动词用副词，故改为well。
8．考查代词。句意：在他的帮助下我已经取得了很大的进步。With one’s help在某人的帮助下，故改为his
9．考查介词。句意：我永远不会忘记他交给我的东西。根据时态，will +动词原形，故改为forget
10．考查冠词。句意：我认为我的父亲是世界上最好的父亲，the +形容词的最高级，故改为the。
考点：单词改错。


C【参考答案】



D【参考答案】
Henry is a litter fat than he wants to be.???????? 1.fat→ fatter
He wants lose dome weight. He tries not????????? 2.lose→to lose
to eat too many and he eats very little sugar????? ?3.many→much
because if make him fat. He is also????????????? 4.mane→will make
takes exercise every day. Now he?????????????? 5.takes→taking
is stronger than ago. Henry’s sister,????????????? 6.ago→before
Susan, is healther than Henry. She is???????????? 7.healther→healthier
too younger and thinner than he is.????????????? 8.too→also
She take exercises every day. She doesn’t?????????? 9.take→takes
eat much meat. She eats lot? of??????????????? 10. lot of→ a?lot of
fruits and vegetables, because she thinks they are better for her.


E【参考答案】



F【参考答案】
1. something改?everything 2.in改at?
3. begin?改began?? 4. where改which/that
5. felt后加?it???? 6.cross改across?
7.burst into去掉???into??? 8. become改became?
9. lain改lay??? ? 10.died of ?去掉??of?????


G【参考答案】




H【参考答案】
1．made后加to
2．无错误
3．hardly改为hard
4．planted前加were
5．it改为them
6．But改为So
7．water改为 watering。
8.feel改为felt
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文讲述昨天班级集体去植树。男生负责挖坑，女生负责种植。最后一起浇水，这一天虽累但是很充实。每个人都很开心。
45．句意：男孩负责挖坑。make变为被动语态时，要还原不定式符号to。故在made后加to。
46．句意：女孩负责将树苗放进坑里。此行无错误。
47．句意：我们所有人都非常努力工作。hardly是副词“几乎不”，hard“努力地”。
48．句意：在所有树苗都被栽好以后。the young trees和plant 是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。故在planted前加 were。
49．句意：我们开始给它们浇水。很多树苗，因此要用them，不能用 it。
50．句意：水在山脚下。因此我们排成队传一个挨着一个的将水桶传到山上。不是转折关系，是因果关系。因为树在脚下，所以排成队传递桶。故But改为So。
51．句意：直到天黑我们才完成浇水。finish doing sth“完成做某事”，故将water改为watering。
【小题8】句意：尽管我们很累但是我们都感觉很开心。本文叙述的是过去的事情，因此把feel改为felt。


I【参考答案】
1．Been 2．Years 3．But 4．Other 5．went
6．Air 7．White’s 8．Cheaper 9．Wonderful 10．before
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了怀特先生及其家人。怀特先生在中国两年多了，游览了北京很多地方，但还没有去很多其他地方。他和家人上周去了四川峨眉山，他们喜欢坐火车旅行。
1．此句句意为：他来中国两年多了。Come来，是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故改为been，在中国，表状态，可以与时间段连用。
2．此句句意为：他来中国两年多了。Year年，可数名词，前面有数词two，故用复数years。
3．此句句意为：他去了北京很多有趣的地方，但他还没去很多中国其他地方。前后句子表述转折，故把and改为but，但是。
4．此句句意为：但他还没去很多中国其他地方。Others其他人，代词，后面不接名词。；改为other另外的，形容词。
5．此句句意为：上周，他和家人去了四川的峨眉山。句子描述的是过去已经发生的事情，用一般过去式，将goes改成过去式went。
6．此句句意为：很多人喜欢坐飞机旅行。By air坐飞机，不需要定冠词the。
7．此句句意为：但是怀特家人认为坐火车旅游是最好的。The White’s family怀特家人，要用名词的所有格。
8．此句句意为：火车要便宜很多而且比坐飞机要有趣得多。句中对坐火车和坐飞机进行了比较，所以用比较级cheaper更便宜。
9．此句句意为：他们去成都的旅行很美好。将副词wonderfully变为形容词wonderful，用来修饰名词。
10．此句句意为：在他们坐汽车去峨眉山之前。根据语境，将after之后，改为before之前。
考点：短文改错。


J【参考答案】
1. from—of/about 2. make—makes
3. times—time 4. having—have
5. him—them 6. that去掉
7. try后加to 8.正确
9. compete加against/with 10. happier—happy


K【参考答案】
【小题1】far 【小题2】I 【小题3】in 【小题4】flowers
【小题5】both 【小题6】was 【小题7】then
【小题8】so 【小题9】said 【小题10】good
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述了昨天作者和父母到乡下看望奶奶并为奶奶过六十岁生日的经过，在婶婶家他们过得很开心。
【小题1】farther 是far的比较级，根据语境，此处不存在比较等级，表达的是奶奶和婶婶住在不远的乡下，故应改为far，far away：遥远的。
【小题2】根据语境，这里应用作主语，人称代词应用主格，表示我和父母决定去看望奶奶。故宾格的me应改为主格的I。
【小题3】指具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上时可用on。根据语境，这里纯粹指的是在早上，故应把on 改为in。in the morning：在早上。
【小题4】根据语境，他们买了一些花。因为flower是可数名词，又有some修饰，应用复数形式。故应把flower改为flowers。
【小题5】根据语境，奶奶和婶婶都很高兴。all表示三者及以上“都”，这里指的是奶奶和婶婶，故应把all改为both，两者“都”。
【小题6】根据语境，作者他们给奶奶送礼物，她很高兴。本文叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故把is改为was。
【小题7】根据语境，作者他们把礼物送给奶奶后，接着坐下和奶奶交谈。表示一串连续的动作，故应把when改为then，“接着”、“然后”之意。
【小题8】根据语境，这是一个结果状语从句，表示饭菜很美味以致作者他们吃得很开心。“so---that---”引导结果状语从句，故应把very改为so。
【小题9】根据语境，作者他们4：30向奶奶她们道别。由于本文叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故应把say改为said。
【小题10】better 是good的比较级，根据语境，此处不存在比较等级，表达的是作者他们在婶婶家玩得很开心，故应把better改为good。
考点：日常生活类短文。


L【参考答案】
1.country→countries　这是一个泛指概念，应该是指多个国家，故用countries。
2.know前加don’t　从下文看，应该是不懂语言时会遇到的麻烦。
3.difficulty→difficult　本处应该用形容词形式作表语。
4.don’t→not　may 本身就可以否定，不需要用don’t。
5.needs→need　主语是第一人称，need不能用动词的第三人称单数。
6.去掉be　本句应用主动形式，并且和后面的what to order是对应的。
7.ask后加for　用ask for表示“求助”。
8.√


M【参考答案】
1 use---using 2 was set
3 the government 去掉 the 4 1970’s
5 as well 6 去掉 it
7 become—became 8 millions of
9 Sending 10 among



























































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