中考英语宾语从句复习学案
考情分析
中考对复合句的考查主要是对状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句进行的考查。宾语从句的测试内容包括:宾语从句连接词的确定、宾语从句的时态和语序以及宾语从句和简单句的转换等。
学习目标
1. 掌握宾语从句的语序、时态、引导词、否定转移
2. 运用宾语从句解题方法准确完成宾语从句相关练习。
概念
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
We know that Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
考点一 宾语从句的分类
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。1.动宾从句
有些动词可直接连接宾语从句,如 believe,admit,consider,dream,promise, declare 等, 基本所有及物动词都能这么用
如:I declare that my work is original.
I do not admit that I have cheated.
They informed me that I have been promoted.
I promise you that I will finish this work within a month.
I promise that I will never break my words.
用it做形式宾语, find, feel, consider, make, believe, think等后面有宾语补足语的时候
如:I think it necessary that we take measures to reduced green house emission.
I have make it clear that you are not welcomed here.
We take it that you will agree with us.
2.介宾从句
很多动词和介词搭配使用,如 depends on, surprised at
如:Whether you can succeed depends on how hard you try.
He was not conscious of what a big mistake he had made.
I am surprised at what you said.
介词宾语一般不跟that,只有在固定搭配时例外,如in that,except that, but that, save that等
如:He is different from others in that he is brave.
I know nothing about him except that he killed the dragon.
Your outlook is perfect except that your shoes are dirty.
形宾从句
形容词有动词的意思, sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised
如:I am sorry I am late
I am not sure this is your true intention.
We are glad you are one of us now.
考点二 宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句必须使用陈述语序,即:主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+…)
如:I hear that physics isn’t easy
I want to know how soon it will begin.
Could you tell me what I should do with the money?
Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
例1:(2018?广西贵港中考)—Could you please tell me ?
—Yes. I bought them online.
A. where you bought the shoes B. where did you buy the shoes
C. when you bought the shoes D. how did you buy the shoes
例2:(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) — I don’t know _________.
— You can go and ask Mary.
A. when does the train arrive
B. if she has come or not
C. what I should buy for my sister
例3:(2018·广西河池) 38. 一Could you tell me ________ your holiday, Jim?
一Yes. In Singapore.
A. where did you spend B. how you spent
C. how will you spend D. where you spent
考点三 宾语从句的时态
若主句是一般现在时,从句用任何所需时态(主句是一般现在时,从句事态应根据实际情况而定)。
如:He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home.
他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。(从句是现在完成时)
2. 若主句是一般过去时,从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。
如:Did the train leave? She didn’t know. →She didn’t know if / whether the train had left.
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
例: (2018山东潍坊)We were all disappointed at ___________.
A. what does the boy Bay B what the boy says
D what the boy said C. what did the boy say
【注意】
1. 从句表达的是客观真理,用一般现在时
如:The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
例:(2018·甘肃天水)48.We all know that light faster than sound.
A.travels B.to travel C.travelling D. travelled
2. 从句中有明确表示过去时间的词,则从句依然是一般过去时
如:He wondered if you studied in the USA in 1990.
例1:(2018·北京中考)—Alice, could you tell me ______ London?
—Sure. Last Sunday.
A.when Mr. Smith left B.when Mr. Smith will leave
B.when did Mr. Smith leave D. when will Mr. Smith leave
例2:(2018·山东滨州)—Dad, can you tell me ______? I miss her very much.
—Next month, dear.
A. when my mum will come back B. when will my mum come back
C. how my mum goes to work D. where will my mum go
3. 在表示建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request; 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句,用虚拟语气:(should)+v.(原形)
如: I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we (should )go out at once.
4. 否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess时,从句的否定词转到主句
如:I don't think (that) you are right.
I don't know (that) you are coming. otherwise I would have picked you up
考点五 宾语从句的连接词
由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.
由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.
例1: (2018·江苏无锡)You do not win respect by showing __________ you are, but what you’re able to do.
A. where B. who C. how D. when
例2:(2018·四川资阳)—Mom, I wonder ______we can travel abroad.
—Maybe after the exam, baby.
A. that B. what C. how D. when
例3:(2018·安徽)—I wonder _______ Jane gets on so well with her classmates.
—Because she always cares much about others.
A. whether B. how C. when D. why
由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
4. 但在下列情况下只能用whether:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。
如:Let me know whether /if he will come or not.
(=Let me know whether or not he will come)
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.
(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.
②在介词之后用whether。
如:I'm interested in whether he likes English.
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
③在不定式前用whether。
如:He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。
如:Whether this is true or not,I can't say.
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。
如:Whether she will come or not is still a question.
The question is whether we can catch the bus.
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether。
如:Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.
b.If you like the book,please let me know.
中考英语宾语从句复习学案
考情分析
中考对复合句的考查主要是对状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句进行的考查。宾语从句的测试内容包括:宾语从句连接词的确定、宾语从句的时态和语序以及宾语从句和简单句的转换等。
学习目标
1. 掌握宾语从句的语序、时态、引导词、否定转移
2. 运用宾语从句解题方法准确完成宾语从句相关练习。
概念
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
We know that Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
考点一 宾语从句的分类
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。1.动宾从句
有些动词可直接连接宾语从句,如 believe,admit,consider,dream,promise, declare 等, 基本所有及物动词都能这么用
如:I declare that my work is original.
I do not admit that I have cheated.
They informed me that I have been promoted.
I promise you that I will finish this work within a month.
I promise that I will never break my words.
用it做形式宾语, find, feel, consider, make, believe, think等后面有宾语补足语的时候
如:I think it necessary that we take measures to reduced green house emission.
I have make it clear that you are not welcomed here.
We take it that you will agree with us.
2.介宾从句
很多动词和介词搭配使用,如 depends on, surprised at
如:Whether you can succeed depends on how hard you try.
He was not conscious of what a big mistake he had made.
I am surprised at what you said.
介词宾语一般不跟that,只有在固定搭配时例外,如in that,except that, but that, save that等
如:He is different from others in that he is brave.
I know nothing about him except that he killed the dragon.
Your outlook is perfect except that your shoes are dirty.
形宾从句
形容词有动词的意思, sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised
如:I am sorry I am late
I am not sure this is your true intention.
We are glad you are one of us now.
考点二 宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句必须使用陈述语序,即:主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+…)
如:I hear that physics isn’t easy
I want to know how soon it will begin.
Could you tell me what I should do with the money?
Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
例1:(2018?广西贵港中考)—Could you please tell me ?
—Yes. I bought them online.
A. where you bought the shoes B. where did you buy the shoes
C. when you bought the shoes D. how did you buy the shoes
A【解析】考查宾语从句的用法辨析。句意:——你能告诉我你在哪里买的鞋吗? ——是的,我在网上买的。由答语中“online”可知应询问地点故用特殊疑问词where提问;could you please tell me 后接宾语从句陈述句语序,故选A。
例2:(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) — I don’t know _________.
— You can go and ask Mary.
A. when does the train arrive
B. if she has come or not
C. what I should buy for my sister
C 考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应用陈述语序,所以A项语序错误;B项if与or not连用错误。故选C。
例3:(2018·广西河池) 38. 一Could you tell me ________ your holiday, Jim?
一Yes. In Singapore.
A. where did you spend B. how you spent
C. how will you spend D. where you spent
D【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意:——吉姆,你能告诉我你________度过你的假期吗?——可以,在新加坡。宾语从句要用陈述句的语序,故排除选项A和C;B项意为:你怎么度过假期;D项意为:你在哪里度过假期?由答语“In Singapore”可知问句应该是询问“在哪里度过假期”。故选D。
考点三 宾语从句的时态
若主句是一般现在时,从句用任何所需时态(主句是一般现在时,从句事态应根据实际情况而定)。
如:He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home.
他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。(从句是现在完成时)
2. 若主句是一般过去时,从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。
如:Did the train leave? She didn’t know. →She didn’t know if / whether the train had left.
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
例: (2018山东潍坊)We were all disappointed at ___________.
A. what does the boy Bay B what the boy says
D what the boy said C. what did the boy say
D 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,排除A、D;主句谓语动词是一般过去时态,提示从句要用过去相对应时态,排除B,故选D。
【注意】
1. 从句表达的是客观真理,用一般现在时
如:The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
例:(2018·甘肃天水)48.We all know that light faster than sound.
A.travels B.to travel C.travelling D. travelled
A 【解析】考查宾语从句中动词的时态。句意:我们都知道光比声音传播得快。“光比声音传播得快”是一个客观事实。故宾语从句要用一般现在时。故选A。
2. 从句中有明确表示过去时间的词,则从句依然是一般过去时
如:He wondered if you studied in the USA in 1990.
例1:(2018·北京中考)—Alice, could you tell me ______ London?
—Sure. Last Sunday.
A.when Mr. Smith left B.when Mr. Smith will leave
B.when did Mr. Smith leave D. when will Mr. Smith leave
A【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述语序,排除C、D两项;根据答语时间last Sunday判断使用一般过去时。故选A。
例2:(2018·山东滨州)—Dad, can you tell me ______? I miss her very much.
—Next month, dear.
A. when my mum will come back B. when will my mum come back
C. how my mum goes to work D. where will my mum go
A考查宾语从句。句意:——爸爸,你能告诉我,我妈妈什么时候回来吗?我非常想念她。——亲爱的,下一个月回来。宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序,故排除B与D两项;又由答句next month可知与时间有关。故选A。
3. 在表示建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request; 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句,用虚拟语气:(should)+v.(原形)
如: I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we (should )go out at once.
4. 否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess时,从句的否定词转到主句
如:I don't think (that) you are right.
I don't know (that) you are coming. otherwise I would have picked you up
考点五 宾语从句的连接词
由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.
由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.
例1: (2018·江苏无锡)You do not win respect by showing __________ you are, but what you’re able to do.
A. where B. who C. how D. when
B 考查疑问词辨析。句意:你不是通过你是“谁”赢得尊重,而是通过你能做什么。分析句子结构可知“__________ you are”为宾语从句,而此空在从句中做主语,要用关系代词,而四个选项中只有“who”为关系代词,其余三项为关系副词。故选B。
例2:(2018·四川资阳)—Mom, I wonder ______we can travel abroad.
—Maybe after the exam, baby.
A. that B. what C. how D. when
D考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。句意:—妈妈,我想知道我们什么时候可以出国旅行。—或许在考试之后,孩子。根据答语“考试之后”可知询问的是时间,应用when作为宾语从句的引导词。故选D。
例3:(2018·安徽)—I wonder _______ Jane gets on so well with her classmates.
—Because she always cares much about others.
A. whether B. how C. when D. why
D 考查宾语从句之连接词。句意:——我想知道Jane为什么与她的同学关系相处得那么好。——因为她总是关心别人多一些。从答语可知选D。
由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
4. 但在下列情况下只能用whether:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。
如:Let me know whether /if he will come or not.
(=Let me know whether or not he will come)
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.
(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.
②在介词之后用whether。
如:I'm interested in whether he likes English.
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
③在不定式前用whether。
如:He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。
如:Whether this is true or not,I can't say.
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。
如:Whether she will come or not is still a question.
The question is whether we can catch the bus.
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether。
如:Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.
b.If you like the book,please let me know.
宾语从句专项练习
1. (2018天津)—Could you tell me ________ you'll go to Paris?
—Next month.
A. why B. where C. when D. how
2. (2018南京)—Are you going camping this afternoon?
—A typhoon is coming. I'm not sure ________ the road to the mountains will be closed.
A. which B. what C. whether D. why
3. (2018安徽)—Look at the stone bridge! Do you know________ it was built?
—In the 1860s. It is quite old.
A. when B. how C. where D. why
4. (2018曲靖)When you set out on your new journey, you shouldn't forget ________ you came from.
A. where B. what C. when D. if
5. (2018绥化)I don't know ________ he will come or not this afternoon.
A. if B. when C. whether
6. (2018北京)—Can you tell me ________?
—He lives in Shanghai.
A. where Mark lives B. where does Mark live
C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live
7. (2018重庆A卷)—Do you know________?
—Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.
A. why did they move here B. why they moved here
C. when did they move here D. when they moved here
8. (2018河北)I'm planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still can't decide ________.
A. where I'm going B. how I'm going
C. why I'm planning D. when I'm planning
9. (2018河南)—What did Tom say to you just now, John?
—He asked ________.
A. why I am so happy today
B. what will I do for the weekend
C. who did I play football with after school
D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight
10. (2018广东)—I wonder ________.
—It will fall on a Saturday.
A. how will National Day fall on this year
B. how National Day will fall on this year
C. what day will National Day fall on this year
D. what day National Day will fall on this year
11. (2018武汉)—What did the teacher say to you?
—He asked me ________.
A. why I look unhappy then
B. when did I go home last night
C. how could I solve the problem
D. if I had got everything ready
12. (2018南宁)—Could you please tell me ________?
—At 8:00 pm.
A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave
C. where the train will go D. where will the train go
13. (2018兰州)What a lovely toy race car! Could you please tell me ________?
A. why did you get it B. when will you get it
C. where you got it D. how will you get it
14. (2018成都)—Could you tell me________?
—My life is not what it used to be.
A. what you think of yourself
B. how you like your present life
C. what your life is like after you became famous
15. (2018哈尔滨)—Look at the man in blue! Do you know________?
—Oh, he is a policeman.
A. what does he do B. what he does C. how he does
16. (2018呼和浩特)There are so many foggy days recently. We all wonder ________.
A. how is the air polluted
B. why the air is seriously polluted
C. what can we do to prevent that bad weather
D. what are the real reasons
17. (2018连云港)—What did Max just say to you?
—He asked me ________.
A. if I would like to go skating
B. when did I buy this CD
C. where I will spend the weekend
D. that I had a good time
18. (2018青岛)—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ about the local history and culture?
—Of course. You can check it on this computer.
A. how can I get the information
B. what information did I get
C. where I can get the information
D. that I got the information
19.(2018·海南) —Your handbag looks nice. Could you please tell me_______ ?
—In Taobao.
where did you buy it B. where you bought it
C. when you bought it
20. (2018·河北)—Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ______?
—Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.
A. which was the way to the station B. why we should meet at the station
C. when we should get to the station D. who we should meet at the station
21.(2018黄冈) ?—I?really?want?to?watch?Operation?Red?Sea?(红海行动).?Could?you?tell?me,??_____?
?—Sure.?It’ll?be?on?show?at?Town?Cinema.
?? A.?when?will?it?be?on?show?? B.?when?it?will?be?on?show
C.?where?will?it?be?on?show?? D.?where?it?will?be?on?show
22.(2018荆州) —Could you please tell me____ ?
—He lives in Wuhan.
A. where Zhong Wei lives B. where Zhong Wei lived
C. where does Zhong Wei live D. where did Zhong Wei live
23.(2018十堰)38. Do you know ______?
A. where is tea produced in China
B. if has Tina read Treasure Island
C. how often the zipper is used in our daily lives
D. what’s the Chinese story Nu Wa Repairs the Sky about
24.(2018随州) —What did Tom say to you just now, John?
—He asked______.
A. why I am so happy today B who did I play football with after school
C. what will I do for the weekend D. if I could go to the movies with him tonight
25.(2018咸宁)— What did the teacher say to you?
— He asked me _______.
A. why I am late for class B. if had I prepared my exams well
B. when did I do my homework D. how I could design my plan
26. (2018湘潭)—Could you tell me______ you will start your vacation?
—In a week.
A. how B. what C. when
27.(2018湘西) —Can you tell me______?
—Sure. He lives on Center Street.
where does he live B. where he live
C. where he lives
28. (2018岳阳)—Excuse me, do you know ______ ?
—It closes at 9:00 PM.
A. when does the bookstore close today
B. when the bookstore closes today
C. when will the bookstore close today
29. (2018无锡)—I don’t care __________. In this camp, there’s only one hairstyle-short! Understand?
—Yes, madam!
A. what you are used to liking B. what you used to be like
C. what are you used to liking D. what did you use to be like
30.(2018·山西) —Sir, it’s true that being happy is an ability. So can you tell me________ ?
—Yes. Just as President Xi says, “Happiness is achieved through hard work.”
A. how we can find happiness B. who can help achieve happiness
C. why happiness is so important to us
31.(2018?上海中考)-_____________________
—That's a good idea.
A.I've got the first prize in the English speech contest.
B.I'd like to invite you to my birthday party tomorrow.
C.Shall we go to the farm to pick peaches this weekend?
D.Would you mind opening the window a bit more?
32.(2018泸州)—Could you tell me_______yuanxiao in China?
—Usually at the Lantern Festival.
A. when people eat B. how people eat
C. when do people eat D. how do people eat
33.(2018·山东青岛中考) — I don’t know ______ tomorrow.
— You can ask our teacher right now.
A. if we take the bus there B. when will we leave
C.what will we do D. how we will go there
34. (2018·新疆)—Excuse me, could you tell me _______ from your home to school?
—It’s about 500 meters.
A. how far is it B. how far it is
C. how long does it take you D. how long it takes you
35.(2018·湖南怀化)Could you please tell me_______?
A.When does the first train leaves
B.When does the first train leave
C.When the first train leaves
36. (2018襄阳)—Could you tell me___________?
—Sure. I’ll com back in three days.
A. when will you come back B. how long have you stay there
C. why you went there D. how soon you will come back
37.(2018天水)32.Father’s Day is coming. I’m thinking about ______ .
A.what present I gave him B.where will we have a big meal
C.if I planned a party for him D.how I will give him a surprise
38. (2018·四川内江中考)—Could you please tell me ______ for travelling this summer?
—We plan to go to the Great Wall.
A. how will your family go B. how your family will go
C. where your family will go D. where will your family go
答案与解析
1.C【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意“你能告诉我你将去巴黎吗?”“下个月。”根据答语“Next month”可知问的是时间,故选C。
7.D【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词及语序。句意“你知道吗?”“让我想想。我记得是在3月18日。”宾语从句应使用陈述句语序,排除A、C项;根据答语可知询问时间,故选D。
14.C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意“你能告诉我?”“我的生活跟过去不一样了。”根据答语“我的生活跟过去不一样了”可知问句应询问过去和现在两种生活的不同。故选C。
15.B【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词和语序。句意“看那个穿蓝色衣服的男士,你知道?”“哦,他是一位警察。”宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除A;再结合回答可知询问职业。应用what。故选B。
21. D【解析】考查宾语从句的判断使用。句意:—我很想看《红海行动》,你能告诉我____。—当然,它即将在都市剧院上映。答语句意推知宾语从句侧重问地点,C和D选项符合此意,该宾语从句是一个特殊疑问句,其特点是特殊疑问词在前,后面是陈述句语序。故选D。
26. C 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意:—你可以告诉我什么时候开始你的假期吗?—在一周后。该句为含有宾语从句的复合句,根据答句可以应用when引导宾语从句。
27. C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——你能告诉我他住在哪儿? ——当然了。他住在中心街上。宾语从句采用陈述语序,排除A;又主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词用lives,故选C。
31. C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——这个周末我们去农场摘桃子好吗?——那是一个好主意。根据后面的来回答可知此处是一个提议,故选C。A、B项表示自己的意愿,D项表示请求都不符合。
37. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。句意:父亲节就要到来了。我正考虑_______。A项:我给他买了什么礼物;B项:我们将在那里吃大餐;C项:我是否给他计划安排了一次派对;D项:我将怎样送给他一个惊奇。题设中“think about(考虑)”的应该是未来的事情,故排除A项和C项;宾语从句要用陈述句的语序,故排除B项。故选D。
38. C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——你能告诉我你们一家人今年夏天要去哪里旅游吗? ——我们计划去长城。根据宾语从句使用陈述语序,以及下文回答的是地点A选项语序和引导词都不对;B选项语序对但引导词不对;D选项引导词对但语序不对。 所以排除A, B, D选项。 故选C。
课件28张PPT。中考英语复习
——宾语从句 I know her .
2. I know where she lives . 主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语 +谓语 + 引导词+(从句)主语 +(从句)谓语 主 句宾 语 从 句(复合句)从 句宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。考点一 宾语
从句的分类宾语从句的分类
(1)作动词的宾语。
如:I know (that) he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。(2)作形容词或过去分词的宾语
某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, disappointed等,引导词that可省略。
如:I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said.
恐怕你没理解我的意思。(3)作介词的宾语。
如:He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
那天所发生的事情令他非常不高兴。考点二 宾语
从句的连接词thatwh- question wordsif / whether连接代词 who,whom ,whose,what,which连接副词when,where, why,how宾语从句的连接词 /引导词引导词的选用 如果主句没有疑问意思,则引导词用that, 若主句有疑问意思,则按意思选用if / whether或特殊疑问词。
1. 陈述句的引导词用that,常可省略。
I am going to meet my friends in Guangzhou. He said.
→He said that he was going to meet his friends in Guangzhou.
他说他将要在广州见他的朋友。2. 一般疑问句的引导词用if / whether (是否) 。
(后有or 时只用whether)
Would you like to play basketball with me? He asked me.
→He asked me if / whether I would like to play basketball
with him. 他问我是否会和他去打篮球。
Is it a fast train or a slowly one? I wanted to know.
→I wanted to know whether it was a fast train or a slowly one.
我想知道这是快车还是慢车。if与 whether引导宾语从句时用法区别:1.whether 跟 or not连用,而if则不能跟or not连用.
2.whether用于引导介词后面的宾语从句,而if
则不能.
3.宾语从句在主句前面时,只能用whether引导。
4.在动词不定式前,只能用whether引导而不能用if.
5.if可引导条件状语从句,而whether则不能。
6.whether 用于动词不定式前,if则不能。3. 特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。
How old are you? They want to know.
→They want to know how old you are.
他们想知道你多大年纪了。
What are you going to do this afternoon? He asked me.
→He asked me what I was going to do this afternoon.
他问我今天下午要做什么。考点三 宾语
从句的语序宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.1. When will he go to the library?
His brother asks when he will go to the library .
His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ?
I don’t know what he wants to buy .
I don’t know what does he want to buy .考点四 宾语
从句的时态时态(主句从句在时态上要一致)1. 主句是现在时(一般现在时,一般将来时,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
如:“John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me.
→Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me.
汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。
(主句用tells,是一般现在时,从句原时态是speaks,
在这里还是用speaks)2. 主句是过去时(一般过去时,过去进行时),从句只用过去某种相应时态。
如:“When shall we have the meeting?” The boy asked.
→The boy asked when they should have the meeting.
男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。
(主句用asked,是一般过去时,从句用相应的某种过去时,这里shall→should)3. 从句表示客观真理或事实时,主句即使用过去时,从句仍然用一般现在时。如:
“The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students.
→The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳转。
(主句用told, 为一般过去时,但从句中the earth goes around the sun是客观事实,所以时态还用一般现在时,不用变)
Jim asked me whether the light travels faster than the sound.考点五 宾语从
句的否定前移宾语从句中的否定前移
在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词为think、believe、expect、imagine或suppose等时,如果主句主语为I/we时,从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词的前面。
I don't think he is right. 我认为他不对。
I don't suppose he will come. 我猜测他不会来。练一练1. (2018·湖北武汉中考) —I wonder .
—I’m not sure yet.
A. which is hers B. which hers is
C. whether is it hers D. whether hers it isA2. –Do you know yesterday?
--Yes. She was ill in hospital
A. why didn't Jenny go to school
B. why doesn't Jenny go to school
C. why Jenny didn't go to school
D. why Jenny doesn't go to schoolC3. (2018·江苏盐城)— Could you tell me __________?
—Oh, she is the world's first robot citizen, Sophia.
A. what the tall girl is B. what is the tall girl
C. who the tall girl is D. who is the tall girlC4. (2018·江苏泰州) —Could you please tell me ________?
—Last month.
A. how long Daniel has been away from Taizhou
B. how long Daniel stayed in Taizhou
C. when Daniel will come back to Taizhou
D. when Daniel left Taizhou D谢谢21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站 有大把高质量资料?一线教师?一线教研员?
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