第 1 页 共 6 页
德州题型 阅读理解
(2018·山东德州中考)
二、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，计50分)
阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
When I was a child, I was a tomboy(假小子). I had a cowboy hat and cowboy boots. My brothers were two and four years older than I. We often played games together.
Once, my brothers and I fell in love with playing a game called“stealing horses”. Then my parents decided to buy my brothers guns. These were not “real” guns. Because I was a girl, I didn't get a gun. They shot and shot at everything with their new guns. I tried to“ fight” them with my bow and arrows(弓和箭). But I was still in the poor position without a gun.
One day while I was hiding behind a wall, looking out toward the fields, I felt a terrible blow to my right eye. I looked up just in time to see my brother lower his gun. Both brothers rushed to my side. My eye felt great pain and I covered it with my hand. “If you tell that to Mummy，” they said, “We will get a whipping(鞭打) from Daddy. You don't want that to happen, do you？” I did not. “Here is a piece of wire(电线)，” said the older brother, picking it up from the floor, “Say you stepped on one end of it and the other flew up and hit you.” “Yes，” I said. To be honest, I didn't want them to be punished. So I did as my brothers told me to do.
A week after the“accident” my parents took me to see a doctor. Finally I knew my brothers were worried about my eye, so they told our parents what had happened and asked them to take me to see a doctor.
26．According to the passage, the two brothers were ．
A．strict B．clever C．polite D．naughty(淘气的)
27．What does the underlined(画线的) phrase “in the poor position” mean in Chinese?
A．处于劣势 B．在低洼处
C．处于虚弱状态 D．处于贫穷状态
28．The two brothers asked the writer to tell a lie because they were afraid ．
A．they would lose their guns
B．their parents would punish them
C．they couldn't play the game any more
D．their parents would take their sister to see a doctor
29．Choose the correct order according to the passage.
①The writer was hurt.
②The brothers told the truth.
③The parents bought guns for the brothers.
④The parents took the writer to see a doctor.
A．②③①④ B．③①②④ C．③①④② D．③②①④
30．What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A．The writer's parents didn't like her.
B．The writer and her two brothers loved each other.
C．The writer's brothers wanted to hurt her.
D．The two brothers didn't get on well with each other.
B
31．The householders ．
A．are two girls
B．like smoking a lot
C．have two well?trained dogs
D．are more than thirty years old
32．Which is RIGHT about the room for rent?
A．It has a private kitchen.
B．It's fit for the disabled.
C．It's $1，000 for three months.
D．It is far from 123 bus stop.
33． can rent the room.
A．Mr. Black and his wife
B．Eric, a sixty?year?old doctor
C．Mrs. Smith and her 4?year?old son
D．Jim, a young man with a little cat
34．You can't contact Mr. Adam Green ．
A．by telephone B．by email C．by QQ D．by visiting him
35．This article is a (an) ．
A．interview B．report C．advertisement(广告) D．notice
C
“To raise snails(蜗牛) well, you need to spray(喷) water to the container(容器) every morning and evening, change soil every two weeks, and feed them with vegetables and sweet fruits，” said Sun Youxiang after raising snails for one year. He is a fourth?grade primary school student in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. From three white jade snails at the very beginning to more than sixty snails of four generations(代) now, he has done a great job for his science class.
Watching the reproduction(繁殖) of animals is an uncommon experience for kids. Their creativity, patience and respect(尊重) for life will be developed as they learn to take care of animals on their own. Sun's teacher said the job served as a good example of life education. Practice is a necessary step in learning and it will benefit the kids for a life time.
Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures(生物) in a friendly way. Starting from this year, science will become an important subject as Chinese and math in primary schools in order to improve students' knowledge about the things around us. Because of curiosity(好奇心), more kids will be willing to watch and think through practising. It will add to our knowledge of the world in the long run.
36．Which of the following is WRONG about Sun Youxiang?
A．He is good at raising snails.
B．He makes a lot of money by raising snails.
C．Raising snails is an interesting experience for him.
D．He becomes creative and patient through taking care of snails.
37．The underlined word “benefit” in Paragraph 2 means ．
A．hurt B．protect
C．be good for D．be popular with
38．In Paragraph 3, “Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures in a friendly way.” means ．
A．nature and creatures are friendly to kids
B．life education can make kids more friendly
C．life education tells kids how to make friends
D．life education tells kids how to get on well with nature and creatures
39．What does Sun Youxiang's teacher think of his job?
A．It takes too much time.
B．It wastes lots of money.
C．It can't help with Sun's study.
D．It serves as a good example of life education.
40．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How to raise snails.
B．Patience, the key to success.
C．The importance of life education.
D．How to think through practising.
D
You must think a computer is the best thing in the world, right? You must think it works at a super speed and can do everything? Well, it's not! In fact, the brain is much more powerful than any super computer! Think about when a glass is just about to fall off the table. Your brain controls everything that you need to do to save that glass from falling. First your eyes check out what's going on, then tell your brain, and your brain decides how quickly you need to react(反应), and then your muscles(肌肉) go into action. That is just from your brain. No computer could ever come close to that!
The brain weighs just 3 pounds, but it controls everything you do from thinking, learning，feeling even to breathing and your heart beating. Even though the brain is just 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of all your energy in your body. That is a lot for such a small organ(器官). There are about 100 billion tiny, tiny little cells(细胞) in your brain. There are so many that it would take you over 3，000 years to count them all!
Your brain stops growing when you're 18, but it actually keeps on developing and learning new things. So your parents are really super smart! You won't be able to fool them! Believe it or not, your brain NEVER stops working. Even during sleeping, the brain works for long?term memory establishment(建立). It is realized that the brain is the second organ in the body as the heart that never stops during human lives.
So everyone should be proud of such a gift of nature.
41．In Paragraph 1, the writer wants to tell us ．
A．eyes and muscles react quickly
B．the brain controls everything in your body
C．the computer is the best thing in the world
D．the brain is more powerful than any computer
42．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “That” refers to(指的是) ．
A．the body weight
B．2% of the body weight
C．all energy in the body
D．around 20% of the energy in the body
43．Which is RIGHT according to the passage?
A．The brain doesn't work during sleeping.
B．The brain is the only organ that never stops.
C．The brain keeps growing during human lives.
D．The brain keeps on developing during human lives.
44．Which word can best describe the brain according to the passage?
A．Magic. B．Quick. C．Light. D．Developing.
45．In which magazine can the passage be found most probably?
A．Business Weekly B．Medicine
C．Science D．Sports
参考答案
【答案及解析】
A
26．D 细节理解题。由第二、三段的描述可知，“我”的两个哥哥用父母买的枪到处乱打，第三段中他们用枪打到我的眼睛因害怕受到惩罚而让我保守秘密，由此可知他们很淘气，故选D。
27．A 词义猜测题。结合第二段倒数第二句语境可知，“我”用弓和箭与“我”的哥哥们“做斗争”，但是“我”没有“枪”，故处于劣势，故选A。
28．B 细节理解题。由第三段第五、六句可知，“我”的哥哥们，不让“我”告诉父母，害怕被父亲鞭打，故选B。
29．B 推理判断题。短文第二段讲述了“我”的父母给哥哥们买了枪，第三段讲述了“我”被哥哥们误伤，第四段讲述了父母在“我”哥哥们告诉他们实情后，带“我”去医院，故选B。
30．B 推理判断题。由短文第三、四段可知，在“我”被哥哥们误伤后，因为担心哥哥们被父母惩罚，没有告诉父母实情；而哥哥们担心“我”的眼睛，最后主动告诉父母实情，让父母带“我”去医院。从中可以看出“我”和哥哥们都是爱护对方的，故选B。
B
31．C 细节理解题。由Householders的介绍栏可排除A、B、D项，由第一段第三句可知C项正确，故选C。
32．B 细节理解题。由Amenities的介绍栏可知，房子里有残疾人通道，所以对于残疾人士比较方便，故选B。
33．B 细节理解题。由New roommate preferences的介绍栏可排除A、C、D项，故选B。
34．C 细节理解题。最后一部分Mr. Adam Green的联系方式包括他的住址、电话和邮箱地址，并没有提及他的QQ联系方式，故选C。
35．C 推理判断题。本文是一篇应用文，由第一段介绍可知，主要是出租房子，故是一篇广告，故选C。
C
36．B 细节理解题。由第一段介绍可知孙悠翔擅长养蜗牛；由第二段第一句可知，养蜗牛是一个有趣的体验；由第二段第二句可知在养蜗牛过程中，孙悠翔培养了创造力与耐心，故排除A、C、D项选B项。
37．C 词义猜测题。结合前文可知，实践是学习中必要的一步，故推测它对孩子的一生是有益的。故选C。
38．D 句意理解题。句意：生命教育让孩子们知道如何用一种友好的方式来与大自然、生物相处。四个选项中D项句意与之最为接近，故选D。
39．D 细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知答案选D。
40．C 主旨大意题。短文通过讲述孙悠翔养蜗牛的经历体验告诉我们生命教育对于孩子们身心发展的重要性。
D
41．D 细节理解题。本段主要通过举例说明大脑要比任何一台电脑都有力量，故选D。
42．D 推理判断题。句意：那个对于这么小的器官来说是非常多的了。结合前文描述可推测，That指代的是“约身体能量的百分之二十”，故选D。
43．D 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知：大脑在18岁停止生长，但仍然继续发展，学习新事物，故选D。
44．A 推理判断题。通过短文的介绍可知，大脑是一个体积小、消耗能量多，掌控身体一切行为举止，比任何一台电脑都要有力量的奇妙的器官，故A项最符合对大脑的描述。
45．C 推理判断题。本文属于一篇说明文，介绍了大脑的特点及作用等，故最有可能来自于《科学》杂志。
第 8 页 共 8 页
德州题型 阅读理解
A
When your dream is to become a footballer and play for Barcelona, nothing should get in your way－even if you have no feet.
An 11?year?old schoolboy Gabriel Muniz, who was born without feet, will fly from his home in Brazil to take part in the Spanish club's summer training camp. Although he is disabled, Muniz is one of the top players at the school and captain of his gym class. He can run, dribble(运球), pass and strike the ball as well as any of his able?bodied teammates. He spends all his spare time on the football pitch.
His best friend Lucas Santos spoke about his abilities on a video for The Sun, “He is skillful, he goes after it, he is fearless and he knows how to organize plays. He also makes good passes.” Mum Sandra was thrilled that her son would achieve his dreams. She said, “He started walking before he was one. We would go after him, expecting him to keep falling, but he never fell.” Muniz's gym teacher added, “He is challenging the social norms(标准). When he arrived there, no one believed in him.” But he showed to everyone that he could play as well as any other boy. So he was invited to go to Spain to show his talent.
The Spanish La Liga soccer club has offered to fly Muniz to Spain in September, where he'll be able to show off his “fancy footwork” and meet his idol, Bar?a soccer player Lionel Messi.
Muniz wears a prosthetic(假体的) ankle and foot to help him get around in rainy weather. He knows that his disability means he'll never be able to play for a professional football team and so Muniz is hoping that football will one day become a Paralympic(残奥会的) sport.
1．Who praised Muniz's football abilities？( )
A．His idol, Messi. B．His best friend.
C．His mum, Sandra. D．His gym teacher.
2．The underlined word “thrilled” in Paragraph 3 has the similar meaning to .
A．excited B．worried
C．disappointed D．interested
3．The time order of the following sentences is Muniz ．
①played football well and became captain of his school gym class
②could walk without falling when he was very little
③was asked to fly to Spain for a summer training camp
A．①②③ B．③②① C．②①③ D．②③①
4．We can tell that Muniz according to the passage.
A．has difficulty in living a normal life
B．dreams to play for a professional football team
C．will play football for the Spanish La Liga soccer club
D．hopes that playing football will be part of Paralympic
Games
5．Which saying can express the spirit of the passage？( )
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．Never put off tomorrow what we can do today.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.
D．A good beginning is half done.
B
(2018·山东德州一模)
IMPROVE ON SLEEP Good health needs good sleep. Go to bed before you're tired. Don't eat or read in bed. Go to bed at the same time before midnight and get up at the same time. Your body likes routine(常规) for a good night's sleep.
STAY FREE OF FLU Studies show that a cold or virus(病毒) can live on our hands for long. So wash all parts of your hands often with soap and water. For more ways to prevent the spread of flu, please call Health Line at 1800 848 1313.
ORAL(口腔) HEALTH Brush your teeth twice daily and visit the dentist at least once a year. The mouth is a mirror or disease. The oral examination is not only for the health of teeth, but the whole body. For more of it, please visit www.mydr.com.au.
FIT FOR LIFE Studies have shown that many diseases have something to do with less or no physical(身体的) activity. Try to do it for 30 minutes a day, 5 days or more a week. For more information, please call Health Line at 1800－438－2000.
6.If you want to get a good sleep, you'd better ．
A．go to bed after you're tired
B．go to sleep at midnight
C．follow the bedtime routine
D．eat something or read in bed
7．To prevent from catching a cold or flu, it's good for you ．
A．to clean your fingers often
B．to brush your teeth twice daily
C．to get up early every morning
D．to wash all parts of your hands often
8．You should visit the dentist at least once a year, because ．
A．the oral examination is necessary
B．you don't often brush your teeth
C．some diseases may be in the mirror
D．you don't have a good night's sleep
9．Studies have shown that many diseases have something to do with ．
A．having no oral examination
B．washing hands with cold water
C．sleeping too late sometimes
D．doing little physical activity
10．When you want to learn more about the flu, you can ．
A．visit www.mydr.com.Au
B．call Health Line at 1800 848 1313
C．visit the dentist in your place
D．call Health Line at 1800 438 2000
C
Amanda Kitts is one of “tomorrow's people”— people who have artificial(人工的) body parts. She has a bionic(电子操控的) arm.
Now, Kitts runs a day?care center. Children run up to her happily as she comes into the classroom. She bends over to talk with a small girl. As she bends, Kitts puts her hands on her knees. For most people, this would be easy. However, just a few years ago, this was impossible for Kitts.
In 2006, Kitts was in a car accident. A truck crushed(挤坏) her left arm and the doctor had to cut it off. “I was angry, sad, depressed. I just couldn't accept it，” she says. But then she heard about a new technique that could use the remaining nerves(神经) in her shoulder to control an artificial arm.
In a difficult operation, a doctor moved Kitts's nerves to different areas of her upper?arm muscles. For months, the nerves grew. Millimeter by millimeter, they moved deeper into their new homes. “At three months I started feeling little tingles and twitches(刺痛和抽搐)，”she said. A month later, she got her first bionic arm. A research engineer worked with Kitts to make the computer programs match her real movements more and more closely.
Today, Kitts's arm is great, but it's not yet perfect. She wants feeling in her hands. For example, she needs to feel whether something is rough or smooth. She also needs feeling to do one of her favorite things—drink coffee. “The problem with a paper coffee cup is that my hand will close until it gets a solid grip，” she says. One time at a coffee shop, her hand kept closing until it crushed the cup. But Kitts says positively, “ One day I'll be able to feel things with it... and clap my hands... to the songs my kids are singing.”
11．What is the difference between Kitts and normal people？( )
A．She has a bionic arm.
B．She can bend.
C．She can put her hands on her knees.
12．Kitts got her first bionic arm after the difficult operation.
A．almost three months
B．over one month
C．more than four months
13．Kitts is able to with her bionic hand.
A．clap her hands
B．hold things
C．feel rough or smooth things
14．Kitts's attitude toward her new arm is ．
A．positive
B．angry
C．perfect
15．Choose the right order of the events.( )
①Kitts heard about a new technique.
②Kitts crushed a paper coffee cup.
③Kitts had two human arms.
④A truck hit Kitts's car.
⑤Kitts got her first bionic arm.
⑥Doctors moved some of the nerves in Kitts's arm.
A．④①⑥⑤②③
B．③④⑤①②⑥
C．③④①⑥⑤②
D
Recently a father asked a question on the Internet. He asked what “PK” meant. “My family was watching the Super Girl singing competition on TV. My little daughter asked me what ‘PK’ meant, but I had no idea, ”said the father.
To a lot of Chinese young people who often play computer games, it is not a new word. “PK” is short for “Player Killer”. In the Internet Games, two players fight until one ends the life of the other.
In the Super Girl singing competition, “PK” means that singers compete with each other. Not all of them can go up the ranking(名次)．
Like this father, many Chinese teachers have found that their students use many Internet jargons(行话)in their articles. They are difficult to understand. A high school teacher asked her students to write articles in simple language, but they still came up with a lot of Internet jargons.
This is a passage written by a student. Can you understand it? “My ‘GG (elder brother)’ came back this summer from his university. He said I had grown up to be a pretty ‘MM (beautiful girl)’. He took me to the ‘PKM’(short for Pizza Hut, KFC and McDonald’s). ”
Some experts think of Internet jargons as a new development in the language. But some think these jargons are destroying our language. What do you think?
16．By writing the article, the writer tries to ．
A．explain some Internet jargons
B．show his worry about Internet jargons
C．laugh at the Beijing father
D．draw our attention to computer jargons
17．“PK” means in the computer games.
A．player killer
B．singers compete with each other
C．game over
D．failing the game
18．From the examples of the Beijing father and the high school teacher, we can see that Internet jargons ．
A．are used not only on the Internet
B．can be understood easily
C．are liked by all the people
D．are popular with teachers
19．What do the experts think of the Internet jargons？( )
A．They are all for the Internet jargons
B．They are all against the Internet jargons
C．Some of them are for the Internet jargons
D．None of them is for the Internet jargons
20．Which of the following is TRUE？( )
A．The father explains the meaning of “PK” on the Internet.
B．Many Chinese young people know the meaning of “PK”
C．“PK” is used only in computer games
D．Only students like to use the Internet jargons.
参考答案
1～5 BACDC 6～10 CDADB
11～15 ACBAC 16～20 DAACB
