Unit 3 Life in the future
Learning about Language
过去分词作状语和定语
【新知导引】
用所给词的适当形式填空, 并指出其在句中的功能。
1. ________ (worry)about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
Worried
2. ___________ (well-know) for their expertise, his
parents’ company, _____ (call)“Future Tours”,
transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
3. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him
to collect a hovering carriage ______ (drive) by computer.
Well-known
called
driven
【要义详析】
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析, 过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性, 可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系, 表示被动和完成。
一、过去分词作状语
(一)作状语的过去分词具有副词的特性, 一般用于修饰谓语动词, 进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态, 即谓语所表示的动作发生时的背景状况。
1. 过去分词作时间状语时, 可转换为when, while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
*Told that he had to give up his chance to have a holiday(=When he was told that he had to give up his chance to have a holiday), he looked rather disappointed.
当被告知他必须要放弃度假的机会时, 他看起来相当的失望。
*When (he was) offered help with his work, he felt moved and worked harder.
当别人主动提出帮助他工作时, 他感到感动并且更勤奋工作。
2. 过去分词作条件状语时, 可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
*Used carefully(=If the car is used carefully), the car will last longer than it is expected.
如果用得小心, 这车会比预想的用得时间长。
*Given more attention(=If the little trees are given more attention), the little trees will grow better.
如果给予更多的关注, 这些小树会长得更好。
3. 过去分词作原因状语时, 可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句, 这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
*Ordered over a week ago(Because the books are ordered over a week ago),the books are expected to arrive any time now.
那些书是一周前订购的, 应该随时都会送来。
* Absorbed in painting(=Because he was absorbed in painting),John didn’t notice evening approaching.
专心画画, 约翰没有注意到时间是晚上了。
4. 过去分词作让步状语时, 可转换为although, though或even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。
*Tired of such a long speech(=Although he was tired of such a long speech), he continued listening to it until it was over.
尽管厌倦了这种长长的演讲, 但是他一直听到演讲结束。
*Defeated by his opponent(=Although he was defeated by his opponent),he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败, 但是他从没放弃希望。
5. 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时, 通常不能转换为状语从句, 但可用并列分句代替。
*The patient got off the bed,supported by the nurse(=and he was supported by the nurse).
那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
*She accepted the gift,deeply moved(=and she was deeply moved). 她接受了礼物, 深深地被感动了。
*When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
当问到未来的计划时,这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。
【微语心得】
过去分词作时间、条件或让步状语时, 为了明确其意义有时可在过去分词前加上when, while, if, once,unless,although等连词, 即我们通常所说的状语从句的省略。
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)______(give) more water, the fish couldn’t die.
(2)______(ask) why he did it, the monitor said it was
his duty.
(3)We watched the film of Mulan, deeply ______(move).
Given
Asked
moved
(二)过去分词的独立结构。
过去分词作状语时, 有时在分词前加上自己的主语, 这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立结构, 过去分词的独立结构通常在句中作状语, 可表示时间、原因、条件等。
*Much time spent sitting at a desk(=Because much time is spent sitting at a desk),office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
很多时间都坐在书桌旁, 办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
*Much work finished(=Since much work is finished), he has decided to have a short break.
既然大部分工作已完成, 他已决定短暂休息一下。
【即学活用】用独立主格结构作状语改写句子。
(1)After the lecture was given,a lively question-and-
answer session followed.
→_______________,a lively question-and-answer
session followed.
The lecture given
(2)The factory produced many famous cars,none
of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars,
____________________________________.
(3)Because extra money was given to the poor,he felt
very happy.
→__________________________,he felt very happy.
none of them shipped to foreign countries
Extra money given to the poor
二、过去分词作定语
(一)意义。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词, 其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语, 既表被动又表完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表完成。
*To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.
回到水污染问题, 我宁愿你们看一下澳大利亚在2012年进行的研究。
*Have you ever visited the bridge built by that famous architect?
你曾经看过那位著名建筑师建的桥梁吗?
*All the fallen leaves have been swept away by a strong wind.
所有的落叶被一阵强风刮走了。
(二)与被修饰部分的位置。
1. 一般情况下, 单个过去分词作前置定语, 即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调, 也可放在被修饰词之后。
*All those damaged old buildings are under repair.
所有那些被毁的旧建筑在维修中。
2. 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语, 即放在被修饰词之后。
*The novel written by the famous writer has been adapted into a film.
由那位著名作家写的小说已被改编成了一部电影。
3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。
*The house,surrounded by lots of trees,is hardly seen in the distance. 被很多树环绕着, 在远处几乎看不到这座房子。
*Something unexpected has happened recently.
最近意料不到的事情发生了。
【微语心得】
如果单个过去分词所修饰的词为不定代词nothing,anything,something 或指示代词those,this,these 等时, 过去分词常常放在被修饰的词语后面。
【即学活用】语法填空。
(1)Don’t worry; it’s safe to go skating on the ______
(freeze) lake.
(2)He is a teacher _________ (respect) by all his students.
(3)Any medicine _____ (take)without a doctor’s advice
may cause trouble.
(4)There was nothing ___ (leave)in the house when the
hurricane passed by.
frozen
respected
taken
left
【课时检测】
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. ________(inspire) by what he said,they have decided
to continue with their dream.
2. ____(leave)alone at home,the little girl is afraid to
make any noise.
3. Rose went to the party with her husband,_________
(expect) a happy evening of wine,food and song.
Inspired
Left
expecting
4. When _______(offer)help,the old lady accepted it with
gratitude.
5. ____ (lose)in thought,he was seated still at the desk.
6. ____________(disappoint) at the bad result,Tony
wondered whether he should give up.
7. All work _______ (finish),he had time to have a good
rest.
offered
Lost
Disappointed
finished
8. The boss of the company came to the factory,
____________(accompany)with some workers.
9. He has spent a week studying the way to solve
the problem,______(lock)in his study.
10. Although ________(defeat)many times,the player
still continues to practice hard.
accompanied
locked
defeated
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Once ____, the comfortable house will attract you
much. (see)
一旦见了这座舒适的房子, 它就会把你深深地吸引住
的。
2. People ____________________________________
will learn the language more quickly. (expose)?
被置于说英语的环境中的人英语学得会更快。
seen
exposed to English-speaking environment
3. ______________________, he soon fell asleep. (exhaust)?
由于旅途劳累, 他很快就睡着了。
4. ________________,the office looks very tidy. (clean)?
因为每天打扫, 办公室看起来很整洁。
Exhausted by the journey
Cleaned every day
5. They bought a new machine ________________.
(make)?
他们买了一台上海产的新机器。
6. ________________________, he continued his
study. (laugh)?
尽管被许多人嘲笑, 他还是继续他的研究。
made in Shanghai
Laughed at by many people
Unit 3 Life in the future
Using Language
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出单词
1. Unfortunately, they lost their way in the ______
(沙漠) and died of thirsty.
2. He pressed the ______(按钮) on the wall and then
the lights turned off.
3. With these words, he left the room in an ______
(瞬间).
desert
button
instant
4. Having a discussion about the problem for a long
time, they finally found a _________ (解决) to it.
5. Her __________(动机) to work out is to earn a lot of
money.
6. He went to attend the meeting as a _____________
(代表) of his company.
settlement
motivation
representative
Ⅱ. 选词填空
greedy; swallow; citizen; material; recycle
1. Today every ______ aged eighteen or over has the
right to vote.
2. As a rich man, he is cruel and ______, which has
made everyone dislike him.
citizen
greedy
3. The bird picked a worm, _________ it hard and
shook its head.
4. In order to write his new novel, he is preparing
________ for it.
5. The attraction is equipped with environment-
friendly restrooms and ______ bins.
swallowed
materials
recycle
Ⅲ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出短语
1. Don’t ______him ___(因某事而责备) breaking that
vase; after all he is a child.
2. Obviously, he is _________(对……贪婪) power and
money.
3. All the old furniture has _______________(被处理
掉).
blame
for
greedy for
been disposed of
4. Do you think this frog can ________(变成) a
prince??
5. The boy _______________(被……所吸引) the
game.
6. We’d better ________(加速) if we want to get
there on time.
turn into
was absorbed by
speed up
【寻规巧记词】
v.+-ation →n. v. +into→动词短语
adaptation 改编
organization 组织
imagination 想象
expectation 期望
explanation 解释 get into 进入
break into 闯入
look into 调查
run into 偶然碰见
put into 输入
First Skimming for the main information
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The development in communication.
B. Manufacturing robots in the 31st century.
C. The modern inventions of the 31st century.
D. The history of modern technology.
2. Match the main idea of each part.
Para. 1_______ A. Our journey along a moveable path in the space station.
Paras. 2—6_____? B. My idea for future world.
Para. 7_____? C. My first visit to a space station.
答案: Para. 1: C Paras. 2—6: A Para. 7: B
Second Scanning for detailed information
1. Why does the space station spin slowly in space?
A. To look more beautiful.
B. To look for something worth researching.
C. To imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
D. To get away from the earth’s gravity.
2. How do the space citizens send their messages?
A. By using a typewriter.
B. By using letters.
C. By using postcards.
D. By using a “thoughtpad”.
3. Which of the following shows the right order to use a “thoughtpad”?
a. Clear your mind. b. The message is sent.
c. You place the metal band over your head.
d. Press the sending button. e. Think your message.
A. a, c, b, e, d B. c, a, d, e, b
C. c, a, e, d, b D. a, b, c, d, e
4. It can be inferred from the passage that in the 31st century _________.
A. no rubbish will be produced
B. the environment will become better
C. there will be no desert
D. people can use plastic bags within limits
5. Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?
A. The robots. B. The managers.
C. The spacemen. D. The spaceships.
Third Intensive reading to finish the passage
The space station the first time I visited was
considered 1. ___ most modern in space.2. _________
(describe) as an enormous round plate,the station,
with an exhibition of the most up-to-date 3.__________
(invention) of the 31st century inside,spins slowly in
space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
the
Described
inventions
With a guide showing us around along a
4. _________ (move) path,we first viewed one of the latest
forms of communication among the space citizens.They
use a “thoughtpad” 5. _______(send) messages,which is
quick,efficient and environmentally 6. _______ (friend).
The only limitation is if the user does not think his or
her message clearly,an unclear message may be sent.
moveable
to send
friendly
And then in the “environment area”,a giant
machine,always greedy 7. ___ more,swallows all the
waste available,8. ______ is turned into several grades
of useful material. So nothing is wasted,and everything,
even plastic bags,is recycled.
for
which
At last,the guide showed the changes
9. __________ (happen) in work practices.
Manufacturing only takes place on space
stations.However,the representatives of the
companies have to 10. _________(train) to live and
work in space settlements,who have to monitor the
robots and the production.?
happening
be trained
【阅读素养提升】
What do you think of that we can live in a world where
everything will be done by robots and we needn’t do
anything? (various answers)
one possible answer:
__________________________________________
_________________________
Terrible.Only when we have things to do can we
live happily and contentedly.
【精读难句透析】
Well, now there’s a system where the waste is disposed
of using the principles of ecology.
分析: 此句为主从复合句。______引导定语从句, 修饰
先行词a system, where在从句中充当地点状语。
译文: __________________________________________
_________。
where
现在我们有一种装置, 能利用生态学原理来处理
掉废弃物
1. speed up 加速
【语境领悟】
*Obviously,a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
显而易见, 一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。
*Your wedding day is coming soon, so you must speed up your preparations. 你结婚的日子就要来临, 你得加紧准备。
*The machine slowed down and stopped.
机器逐渐减慢转速, 终于停住了。
*This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of
1, 000 kilometres an hour.
这架飞机现在正以每小时一千千米的速度向巴黎进发。
【归纳拓展】
(1)slow down 减速
(2)at a speed of. . . 以……速度
pick up/gather speed 逐渐加速
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1) The train is travelling __ high speed.
(2)They are broadening the bridge to speed ___ the
flow of traffic.
(3) The car slowed _____ at the turning, so I speeded
up to catch up with it.
at
up
down
2. instant n. 瞬间; 片刻 adj. 立即的; 立刻的
【语境领悟】
*They forgot all their fears and all their miseries in an instant.
他们马上忘记了一切恐惧和痛苦。
*For an instant I was infected by her fear.
有那么一会儿她的恐惧也传染给了我。
*Please send me an e-mail the instant you reach Yunnan.
请你一到云南就给我发电子邮件。
*If you don’t leave this instant, I will scream.
你要是不马上离开, 我就喊了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)this instant 立即, 马上
the instant 一……就……
in an instant 立刻
for an instant 一会儿
(2)instantly adv.立刻, 马上
conj.一……就……
【知识延伸】“一……就……”的表示方法
as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner. . . than. . . , hardly/scarcely. . . when. . . 等从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生, 主句的动作随即就发生, 常译为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
*The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. 一听到那个声音, 我就知道父亲来了。
*No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站, 火车就离站了。
【即学活用】
(1)同义句替换。
I recognized her the instant I saw her.
→I recognized her ________ I saw her.
instantly
(2)Fortune can be made or lost ___________.
财富很可能会在一瞬间获得, 也可能在一瞬间失去。
(3)He rested his eyes on me ____________.
他瞧了我一会儿。
in an instant
for an instant
3. greedy adj. 贪吃的; 贪婪的; 贪心的
【语境领悟】
*A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.
一架巨大的机器, 能把所有能获得的废弃物都吞进去, 而且总是贪得无厌。
*Even though he is bad-tempered, he is still greedy for power.
尽管他脾气暴躁, 他仍渴求权力。
*Tom is greedy to do his homework to have a comfortable holiday.
汤姆急着做家庭作业是为了有一个轻松的假期。
*It was greedy of them to take such bribes.
他们收受了那些贿赂, 真是贪婪。
【归纳拓展】
be greedy for . . . 渴望得到……
be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事
It is/was greedy of sb. to do sth.
做某事对于某人来讲真是贪婪
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
① He is young, but he is greedy ___ money and power.
②They are greedy ________(adjust) themselves to their
new school.
for
to adjust
(2)改错。
It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake
for everyone else.
( )
第一个for→ of
4. representative n. 代表; 典型人物 adj. 典型的, 有代表性的
【语境领悟】
*However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements.
但是, 这些公司必须培训它们的代表在太空中生活和工作。
*He is a representative for a large steel company.
他是一家大型钢铁公司的代理人。
*Are your opinions representative of the other students?
你的意见是否代表其他学生的意见?
*Representing our school,I’m glad to tell you
something about these activities.
我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一
些事情。
【归纳拓展】
(1)a representative for. . . ……的代理人
be representative of. . . 代表……
(2)represent vt. 代表; 描绘
represent sth. to sb. 把……描述给……
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1) The student is a _____________ (represent)for our
student union.
(2)Let me try to represent my ideas __ you in another
way.
(3)The tiger is a representative __ the cat family.
representative
to
of
5. settlement n. 定居; 解决
【语境领悟】
*He took up his settlement in a mountain village.
他在一个山村居住下来。
*She accepted an out-of-court settlement of 100, 000 yuan.
她同意支付10万元的庭外和解赔偿金。
*They need a settlement to the problem.
他们需要一个这个问题的解决办法。
【归纳拓展】
(1)a settlement to. . . ……的解决办法
(2)settle vt. & vi. 安家, 定居; 解决
settle down 定居, 过安定生活
settle in 安顿下来, 适应新家
【熟词生义】
*The main problems centre on the ownership of securities and the settlement of trades.
主要问题在于证券所有权和交易结算方式。(n. 结算)
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)Then, the man settled _____ in the palace.
(2)We only moved house last week and we haven’t
settled __ yet.
(3)A peaceful settlement __ the dispute was in vain.
(4)He is having a hard time to find a _________
(settle)to the difficult problem.
down
in
to
settlement
6. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
太空站像一个巨大的圆盘, 在太空中缓缓地旋转, 以仿照出地球重心的引力。
【句式分析】
(1)此句为简单句。过去分词短语“Described as an enormous round plate”在句中作状语。
(2)不定式“to imitate the pull. . . ”在句中作目的状语。
【语境领悟】
*Dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes,teams of four roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.穿着各种奇怪而有趣的衣服, 四人一组沿50米的路线滚动一个完整的奶酪。
*To get what he wanted, he tried his best.
为了得到他想要的, 他尽了力。
【即学活用】
(1)___________ a learned person,he is familiar with
the history books __________________________.
那个被描述为博学的人, 熟读史书, 这令他更为出名。
Described as
to make himself more famous
(2)____________________________,the neighborhood is
to be built ____________________ a more comfortable
living environment. 这个社区被描述为漂亮花园, 它将
建设得能为居民提供更舒适的生活环境。?
(3)_______________________, the village is very
beautiful.
被群山环绕, 这个村庄非常美。
Described as a beautiful garden
to provide citizens with
Surrounded by mountains
7. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century. 太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。?
【句式分析】
此句为简单句。表示方位的副词“inside”置于句首, 句子用完全倒装。
【语境领悟】
*As soon as the bell rang, out ran the students of the classroom. 铃声一响, 学生们从教室里跑了出来。
*From the window came the sound of music.
从窗户里传来了音乐声。
【名师点津】
表示时间(now,then等)、方向或方位的副词(here,there,up,down,in,out,away,off,inside,outside等), 以及表示地点的介词短语(in the room,on the wall等)置于句首, 且主语为名词时, 句子要用完全倒装。
【即学活用】
(1)_______________________ for foreign guests.
里面是一个接待外宾的接待室。
(2)____________________________________________
箱子里面是他最喜欢的邮票收藏品。
Inside is a reception room
Inside of the box is his favorite collection of stamps.
【要点拾遗】
1. desert n. 沙漠, 荒原
【语境领悟】
*Those rockets landed in the desert.
那些火箭降落在了沙漠里。
*It’s a story about an Arab in the desert.
这是一个生活在沙漠地区的一个阿拉伯人的故事。
【归纳拓展】
desert vt. & vi. 舍弃, 遗弃
deserted adj. 废弃的
【即学活用】
(1)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket
_________________.
野花看起来像是一块覆盖着沙漠的柔软的橘色的毯
子。
(2)They _________________because of the war.
由于战争他们背井离乡。
covering the desert
deserted the village
2. swallow vt. 吞下; 咽下
【语境领悟】
*Tom took a bite of the apple, chewed and swallowed.
汤姆咬了一口苹果, 嚼了嚼咽了下去。
*He told me I wouldn’t pass the test, but I’m determined to make him swallow his words.
他对我说我不会通过考试, 但我决定让他承认说错了话。
【归纳拓展】
(1)swallow up 吞没, 耗尽, 吞并, 侵吞
swallow one’s words 承认说错了话; 食言
(2)swallow n. 燕子
【巧学助记】 趣解swallow
The little swallow swallowed the worm his mother gave him.
小燕子吞掉了他母亲给的虫子。
【即学活用】
(1)You could hardly believe in him because he had
the habit of ___________________.
他总是食言, 所以很难信任他。
(2)The aircraft was ____________in the clouds.
飞机消失在云层中。
swallowing his words
swallowed up
想象类作文
【文体感知】
1. 文体特点
想象类作文是一种创造性写作, 是描述未来生活或现象的文章。想象不是随意猜想, 要源于生活实际。观察生活, 表现生活。只有熟悉生活, 仔细地观察生活, 才能有想象的原材料。
2. 亮点句式
①With the development of science and technology, our life will be quite different in the future.
②Is it possible/likely that people will travel to the moon in the future?
③We are convinced that life in the future will be much better than it is now.
④Looking forward to the future, we will find our life will be better and better.
⑤We can receive better education even online at home.
⑥Intelligent robots can do what is required for us at home.
3. 写作模板
Life in the future
With the development of science and technology,our life in the future will surely become _______.
In the future,more _______will appear,and people will _______. All in all, people will lead a _______life in the future.
In the future,there is no _______,and everyone will enjoy _______.At that time people will have more means of _______. For example,_______.
This is the future life I dream of.
【典题演练】
我们有时候会想象我们未来会是什么样子。众所周知, 世界上的一切一直在发展变化着。下面以“永生之人”(Permanent people)为题, 写一篇100个词左右的英语短文, 大胆想象将来的人可以获得永生, 理由如下:
1. 随着科技的发展, 在未来分不清人和机器的区别。人的所有器官都是可以替换的(replaceable), 机器也可以像人一样有思维和情感;
2. 我们可以复制自己, 把记忆和思想输入(transplant/input)到新的身体里面, 我们自己想活多久就活多久。
【谋篇】
体裁 想象类作文 话题 介绍未来生活
时态 一般现在时 人称 第一人称和第三人称
结构 首段: 引出对未来的想象
中段: 对未来生活的具体介绍
尾段: 表达自己对这一想象的态度
【遣词】
1. 梦想 ________________
2. 众所周知 _____________?
3. 说出A和B之间的不同 ________________ _______________?
4. 替换 _______
5. 把……输入到…… ______________
dream about/of. . .
as we all know
tell the differences
between A and B
replace
input. . . into. . .
【造句】
1. 完成句子
(1)随着科技的发展, 在未来分不清人和机器的区别。
_____________________________________________
it will become harder __________________________
the human ____ the machine in the future.
With the development of the science and technology,
to tell the differences between
and
(2)人的所有器官都是可以替换的。
All body parts ________________.
(3)机器也可以像人一样有思维和情感。
A machine will function ____________with the ability to recognize feelings and respond in a feeling way.
will be replaceable
like a human
(4)我们可以复制自己。
We will then be able to ______________ourselves.
(5)我们可以把记忆和思想输入到新的身体里面。
We will be able to _________________________________
the new body.
(6)我们自己想活多久就活多久。
We can live for ________________.
create a copy of
input our memories and thoughts into
as long as we want
2. 句式升级
(7)用并列连词so合并(1)句与(2)句。
With the development of the science and technology,
all body parts will be replaceable,_______________
__________________________________________
__________________________.
so it will become
harder to tell the differences between the human
and the machine in the future
(8)用and 合并(4)(5)句。
We will then be able to create a copy of ourselves
_____________________________________the new
body.
and input our memories and thoughts into
【成篇】
Permanent people
Sometimes we’ll dream about what we will be like in the future. As we all know,everything in the world is developing and changing.
With the development of the science and technology,all body parts will be replaceable,so it will become harder to tell the differences between the human and the machine in the future. What’s more,a machine will function like a human with the ability to recognize feelings and respond in a feeling way.
We will then be able to create a copy of ourselves and input our memories and thoughts into the new body. As a result,another “we” will appear to be alive long after we are dead. Then we can live for as long as we want.
In my opinion,the dream is attractive,and maybe it will come true.
Unit 3 Life in the future
Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出黑体部分的词性及词义
1. Climate and weather affect every aspect of our
lives. ( )
2. We’ve arranged a walking tour of the city with
your guide. ( )
3. She wore a surgical mask and rubber gloves
while she worked with the samples. ( )
n. 方面
n. 指导
n. 面具
4. It is never a good idea to take sleeping tablets
regularly. ( )
5. The ability to tolerate pain varies from person
to person. ( )
6. I fought my way into a carriage just before the
doors closed. ( )
n. 药片
vt.容忍; 忍受
n. 客车
7. He squeezed through a narrow opening in the
fence. ( )
8. Her dark eyes flashed and she spoke
rapidly. ( )
9. Her interest has switched from clothes to
painting. ( )
10. Despite his lack of experience, he still got the
job. ( )
n. 通路; 开口
v.闪光; 闪现
vt. 转换
n.缺乏
Ⅱ. 根据语境及汉语意思或首字母写出正确的单词
1. When you first entered the college, what is your
__________(印象)of it?
2. She suggests that women are under ________
(时常发生的)pressure to be abnormally thin.
3. The next day we reviewed the ________(在前的)
day’s work.
impression
constant
previous
4. With some hesitation and an _________(不确切的) smile, she held out her hand.
5. He went around the world as a ship’s _______
(服务员).
6. He tried hard to adapt himself to his new
s___________.
7. Before he sat down, he made an a_________ to
the height of the chair.
uncertain
steward
urroundings
djustment
8. I p______ the juice of half a lemon into a glass of
water.
9. Since his shoelace got loose, he bent down to f_____
it.
10. He is o________, and he treats everything optimistically.
ressed
asten
ptimistic
Ⅲ. 根据语境猜测黑体短语的含义
1. You should take up my suggestion and start saving
money. ( )
2. Sue’s back on her feet again after her
operation. ( )
3. We must not lose sight of our achievements.
( )
接受
恢复
看不见
4. The cleaner had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. ( )
5. She is able to slide into a room without anyone noticing. ( )
打扫
溜进
Ⅳ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出下列短语
1. While listening to the lesson, __________(做笔记)
of useful words and expressions.
2. In order to make a careful study plan, you’d better
____________(列……的清单) what you will study.
make notes
make a list of
3. His car ran out of gas on the way home; _________
(结果), the engine stopped working.
4. From the first day when the little boy entered the
kindergarten, it was hard for him to ________
____________(调整适应……) his new surroundings.
5. Now, you can save hours of work and get
astonishing results _________(立刻, 马上).
as a result
make an
adjustment to
in no time
【寻规巧记词】
un- +adj.→adj. v.+up →动词短语
uncertain 不确切的
unhappy 不幸福的
unfit 不健康的
unbelievable
难以置信的
unusual 不寻常的 sweep up 打扫
speed up 加速
bring up 提出; 养育
come up (问题等)提出
look up 查找
First Skimming for the main information
1. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. how Li Qiang was transported to the future
B. how Li Qiang got to the future and his first impression of it
C. what the life was like in the future
D. the introduction of the “Future Tours” company
2. Match the general idea of every paragraph.
Para. 1 A. Staying in Wang Ping’s home
Para. 2 B. How I came to take a time travel journey
Para. 3 C. The journey
Para. 4 D. My impressions of life one thousand years into the future
答案: Para. 1—B Paras. 2—C Para. 3—D
Para. 4—A
Second Scanning for detailed information
1. Why did Li Qiang suffer from “time lag”?
A. Because he took up his prize that he won the year before.
B. Because he didn’t like the year AD 3008.
C. Because he was unsettled for the first few days during the journey.
D. Because he often suffered from “jet lag”.
2. How did Li Qiang enter the future?
A. By bus.
B. By plane.
C. By spaceship.
D. By time capsule.
3. When Li Qiang was in the new surroundings, what happened to him?
A. He had a car accident.
B. He had a headache.
C. He kept on breathing fresh air.
D. He bought a new car.
4. Which of the following statements is true about the hovering carriages?
A. They run along much wider roads.
B. They are much larger and faster.
C. They float above the ground.
D. They run by themselves.
5. What did the trees provide for the room?
A. Oxygen. B. Food.
C. Fruits. D. Furniture.
Third Intensive reading to finish the passage
Unbelievably,Li Qiang traveled to 1. ___ year AD
3008 in a time capsule.Being his first time trip,he was
worried and also suffered 2. _____ “time lag” .Besides,
hit by the lack of fresh air,3. ___ became unsettled.
Wang Ping,his understanding 4._____,gave him some
green tablets 5. ____ a mask to help him overcome the
problems.
the
from
he
guide
and
To experience something new,he flew above the
6. _______ in a hovering carriage.As soon as he arrived
7. _____,he was shown into a 8. _____ , bright clean
room with a wall of 9. _____.Having eaten something,
he fell asleep in the bed produced from the 10. _____.
ground
home
large
trees
floor
【阅读素养提升】
What will our life in the future be like?
________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
(1)In the future distance education will play an
important part in our daily life. We can learn at home.
(2)We will have a healthier and more balanced diet.
_____________________________________________
___________________________________________
____________________________
_______________________________________________
________________________________________________
______________________
(3)We will make great advances in medical science.
There will be an effective cure for deadly diseases,
such as cancer, AIDS and so on.
(4)People can combine shopping with fun in the future.
(5)Scientists will develop new fuels and engines that are
environmentally friendly.
【精读难句透析】
1. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.
分析: 此句为并列句。由连词“but”连接两个并列分
句。句中“_________________”为定语从句。而but后的
分句, it为形式主语, “(that)you keep getting flashbacks
from your previous time period”为真正的主语从句。?
译文: ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_____
you get from flying
这与你乘坐喷气式飞机飞行时所引起的时差反应
相似, 所不同的是, 你脑子里似乎会不断闪现以前的时
光。
2. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.
分析: 此句为简单句。“___________________________”
为过去分词短语在句中充当原因状语,
相当于“As the company is well-known for their
expertise”。“called ‘Future Tours’”为过去分词短语,
在句中相当于非限制性定语从句
“__________________________”。?
Well-known for their expertise
which is called ‘Future Tours’
译文: __________________________________________
________________________________________________
_______
他父母的公司叫做“未来之旅”, 以其技术高超而
闻名。他们把我装在一个时间舱里, 平安地把我送入了
未来。
3. I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening.
分析: 此句为主从复合句。关系副词_____引导定语从
句, 修饰先行词___________,且_____在从句中充当时间
状语。?
译文: _________________________________________
_____________________
when
the moment
when
我仍旧记得我们被太空服务员一起叫到时间舱,
爬上去进入一个小门。
1. impression n.印象, 感想; 印记
【语境领悟】
*Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device on your desk.
许多人通过你桌子上那个小装置对你已经形成了一定的印象。
*He has told me his plans and he’s made a good impression on me. 他告诉了我他的计划, 给我留下了一个好印象。
*His impressive deed was impressed on me.
他的给人印象深刻的行为给我留下了深刻印象。
【归纳拓展】
(1)leave/give/make/have a(n). . . impression on sb.
给某人留下……的印象
have/get a good/bad impression of. . .
对……的印象好/不好
(2)impress vt. 留下印象
impress sb. with sth. ……给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth. on sb. 使某人牢记某事
(3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
【熟词生义】
My words made no impression on her.
我的话丝毫没有对她起作用。( )
n. 作用, 效果
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)Williams _____________
(impress)with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. 世纪金榜导学号47004030?
was impressed
(2)There was a general __________ (impress) that tomorrow meant a fresh start.
(3)She has an __________ (impress) academic and business background.
impression
impressive
【拓展训练】 同义句替换。
What he did has left a deep impression on us.
→What he did has _______________________. (impression)
→What he did __________________.(impress)?
given us a deep impression
impressed us deeply
2. take up 拿起; 接受; 开始; 继续
【语境领悟】
*I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
*He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.
他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。
*To take the tower apart would mean wasting a lot of labour.
要把这座塔拆开意味着浪费大量劳动。
*I really enjoy listening to music because it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
我真的喜欢听音乐, 因为听音乐有助于放松, 并且让我免受一天中其他的纷扰。
【归纳拓展】
take apart 使分开, 拆开
take away 拿走
take off 脱下; 起飞
【知识延伸】take的其他短语及意义
take in 吸收; 欺骗
take on 承担; 雇用; 呈现
take back 收回; 退回
take over 接收, 接管
take down 拿下, 取下; 记下
【即学活用】 用适当的副词填空。
(1)He will take ___ his post as the head of the civil
courts at the end of next month.
(2)When we arrived at the airport, his flight had
taken ___.
(3)The little kid is taking the machine _____,curious
about how the machine is working.
(4)Having drunk some tea, they took the tea cups _____.
up
off
apart
away
3. surroundings n.周围的事物; 环境
【语境领悟】
*At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
起初, 新的环境让我很难忍受。
*Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
在涉及有关我们周围的环境时, 如何定位我们所处的位置依然是我们生存的一项基本技能。
*Chuck Berry,one of the creators of rock and roll, spent his last days at home surrounded by the love of his family and friends. 查克·贝里, 摇滚乐的先驱者之一, 在家人和朋友的爱的包围里于家中度过了生命的最后时光。
【归纳拓展】
(1)surrounding adj. 周围的, 附近的
(2)surround vt. 包围
surround. . . by/with. . . 以……环绕/包围……
be surrounded by/with. . . 被……包围
【易混辨析】
surroundings 用复数形式, 主要指周围的具体的物质环境
environment 是集合名词单数, 既可表示抽象概念, 也可表示具体意义; 指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境
【即学活用】 用surround的适当形式填空。
(1)The place is in a favorable geographical location
___________ by water and hills. 世纪金榜导学号47004031
(2)He was good at finding his way, even in strange
____________.
(3)In the ___________ area, there are lots of houses
to be rented.
surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
4. tolerate vt. 容忍; 忍受
【语境领悟】
*She can no longer tolerate the situation that she’s in.
她再也受不了自己的处境了。
*It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance.
有时需要读者容忍不愉快或烦恼。
*They would not tolerate lying or stealing in their communities.
他们不能容忍社区中有说谎和偷窃的行为。
【归纳拓展】
(1)tolerate sth. /doing sth. 容忍某事/做……
(2)tolerant adj. 宽容的; 可忍受的;
能耐……的
be tolerant of 容忍……
【名师点津】
can’t/couldn’t tolerate doing sth. 意为: 不能容忍做……; 能够用于此结构的动词还有: stand,bear。
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)In some experts’ opinions,living conditions on the
Mars are very hard _________(tolerate).
(2)Tom can’t tolerate _______ (waste) food in this way.
(3)They need to be _______ (tolerate)of different
points of view.
to tolerate
wasting
tolerant
5. lack vi. &vt. 缺乏; 没有 n. 缺乏; 短缺的东西
【语境领悟】
*He lacked the judgment for the post of chairman.
他欠缺做主席应具备的判断力。
*They lack physical exercise and the skill to communicate with their friends face to face.
他们缺乏身体锻炼和面对面与朋友交际的能力。
*The suspect was released finally for lack of evidence.
由于缺乏证据，嫌疑人最终被释放。
【归纳拓展】
(1)lack sth. 缺乏, 缺少……
(2)a lack of. . . 缺少……
for lack of. . . 由于缺乏……
(3)lacking adj. 不足的, 缺少的
be lacking in sth. 缺少……
【微思考】判断正误并说出理由。
①A lack (n. ) of money has made them give up the
project. ( )
②For lack (n. ) of money, they couldn’t buy the
apartment that they were longing for. ( )
③She is not lacking of intelligence. ( )
T
T
F
④Since he lacks (v. ) confidence, he may lose the
chance. ( )
⑤Time is lacked(被动语态), they are always
busy. ( )
T
F
(1)lack作名词时常与介词_________连用。?
(2)形容词lacking后面常接介词_________。?
(3)作动词时可用作及物动词直接加_______; 但是不用_______语态。?
答案: (1)of (2)in (3)宾语 被动
【即学活用】
(1)语法填空。
①More and more high-rise buildings have been built
in big cities ___ lack of space.
②__ lack of confidence can lead to a lot of sufferings.
③Some important information is lacking __ the report.
for
A
in
(2)改错。
A diet lack in nutritional value will not keep a
person healthy. 世纪金榜导学号47004032
( )
把lack改成lacking
6. adjustment n. 调整; 调节
【语境领悟】
*Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.
正当我努力调整适应新环境时, 王平出现了。
*Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.
一些学校将不得不做出调整, 以便和国家足球改革保持一致。
*He is trying to adjust himself to the new environment.
他正努力适应新环境。
*For example,the moment you get on the airplane,start adjusting your biological clock to the destination’s time.
例如, 你上飞机的那一刻起, 开始调整你的生物钟以适应目的地的时间。
【归纳拓展】
(1)make an adjustment to. . . 对……做出调整
(2)adjust vi. & vt. 适应; 调整
adjust(. . . ) to sth. 调整……以适应……;
使适应……
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)She must learn to adjust herself __ English life.
(2)He will have to make major ___________(adjust)
to his thinking if he continues to work in office.
(3)Before leaving, he smoothed his hair and
________(adjust) his tie.
to
adjustments
adjusted
7. lose sight of. . . 看不见……
【语境领悟】
*However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
可是, 当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时, 由于太多的飞往四面八方的车飞过, 我看不见王平了。
*We shouldn’t lose sight of the fact that education is important all the time. 教育一直很重要, 我们不应忽视这一事实。
*In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe.
从非常现实的角度上来看, 光污染会导致我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真正位置。
【归纳拓展】
come into sight 进入视野, 映入眼帘
go out of sight 从视野中消失
catch sight of 看见
lose one’s sight 失明
【知识延伸】
at first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 看到……
out of sight 看不到
in/with sight 在视野内
【即学活用】
(1)It is all too easy to ___________what is happening
beside us. 我们很容易无视身边之事。?
(2)I was much delighted, for I _____________my old
friend in the crowd.
我感到非常高兴, 因为在人群中我看见了我的老朋友。
lose sight of
caught sight of
(3)Now and then, one or two motorcycles will
_____________and your ears are filled with their
noises.
你会时不时看到一两辆摩托车, 耳朵里充满它们的
噪音。
come into sight
8. sweep up打扫; 横扫
【语境领悟】
*He was swept up into the centre of them.
他被卷入到他们(车队)中去了。
*He sweep up the floor every day with a broom.
他每天用扫帚打扫地板。
*With a strong wind passing by,all the dirty things were swept up. 一阵强风过后, 一切脏东西都被一扫而空。
【归纳拓展】
sweep through 扫过……, 掠过……
sweep out 清扫, 扫掉
sweep away 扫除, 刮走, 冲走
【即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空。
(1)When the party is over, you should sweep ______
the dirty floor.
(2)The police sweep _______ the campus every day to
make sure of the safety.
(3)Mother told Tom to sweep _____ the dead leaves in
the yard.
up/out
through
away
9. switch n. 开关; 转换 vt. 转换
【语境领悟】
*Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.
然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下, 于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了起来。
*She switched off the coffee-machine and began to enjoy a cup of coffee.
她关掉咖啡机, 并开始享用一杯咖啡。
*On coming back home,the little boy switched on the TV.
一回到家, 小男孩就打开了电视。
*He switched from a back seat to a front seat so that he could see more clearly.
他从后排位子移到前排去, 以便看得更清楚些。
【归纳拓展】
(1)make a switch 改变
(2)switch (sth. ) off 切断(电流等)
switch (sth. ) on 接通(电流等); 开(用电器)
switch (from sth. )to sth. 转换……
【即学活用】 用适当的介词或副词填空。
(1)Others say we can just “switch
them ___” as if super intelligent machines are too
stupid to think of that possibility.
(2)When it gets dark, we will switch ___ our lights.
(3)With years going by, his interest switched _____
collecting stamps to drawing.
off
on
from
10. However,I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
可是, 当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时, 由于太多的飞往四面八方的车飞过, 我看不见王平了。
【句式分析】
(1)此句为主从复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句; what引导的宾语从句作动词reached的宾语。
(2)because of意为: “由于……”, 引导原因状语。
【语境领悟】
But that is not what many people have in mind when they are thinking of driverless cars.
当人们思考无人驾驶的汽车时, 那并不是很多人所想。
*Those tourists finally got to what used to be a palace.
那些游客最终到达了过去为宫殿的地方。
*They can’t buy that apartment because of lack of money.
因为缺钱, 他们不能买那套公寓。
【即学活用】
(1)The girl __________her friend _____ they reached
__________________________________too many
people buying things there.
当她们到达她们称之为市场的地方时, 由于太多的
人在那儿买东西, 这个女孩看不见她的朋友了。
lost sight of
when
what they called the market because of
(2)The police __________the car that he followed when
he reached _______________a main street _________
too many cars _____________________. 世纪金榜导
学号47004033?
当警察到达看起来像是主马路的地方时, 由于太多的车
辆在那儿行驶, 他看不见他跟着的那辆车了。
lost sight of
what looked like
because of
running along the street
【要点拾遗】
1. constant adj. 时常发生的; 连续不断的
【语境领悟】
*During the past ten years, they have been constant friends.
在过去的10年里, 他们一直是朋友。
*Parts of the motor wore out because of constant usage.
发动机的一些部件因为经常使用而磨损了。
【归纳拓展】
constantly adv. 不断地
【即学活用】 选词填空constant/constantly。
(1We are therefore not talking about
adapting to a new standard, but to a _________ shifting
set of conditions.
(2)His ________ joking was beginning to annoy her.
constantly
constant
2. previous adj. 在前的; 早先的
【语境领悟】
*It was a surprisingly dry day after the rain of the previous week. 上星期刚下过雨, 天气却出奇地干燥。
*Previous to that,we had traveled by car to Paris.
在那之前, 我们坐车去了巴黎。
*I remember seeing him somewhere previously.
我记得以前在什么地方见过他。
【归纳拓展】
previous to 在……之前, 先于……
previously adv. 先前, 以前
【即学活用】 语法填空。
(1)Previous __ coming here, he worked in London.
(2)Two days _________(previous), he set off for Tianjin.
to
previously
3. press vt. &vi.按; 压; 逼迫 n. 按; 压; 印刷; 新闻
【语境领悟】
*They pressed us to stay for lunch.
他们强留我们吃午饭。
To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body.
做心肺复苏你要用力按压病人的胸部使血液流通。
*The press are/is interested in sports.
新闻界对体育运动感兴趣。
【归纳拓展】
press sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
pressure n. 压力
【即学活用】
(1)_______________ in case of fire.
遇火灾时按下此钮。
(2)It is not wise to _________________ here so early.
催促他们这么早离开这里是不明智的。
(3)He works well _____________.
他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。
Press this button
press them to leave
under pressure
