Grammar
The Subjunctive Mood (I)
虚拟语气
If I _______ a boy 如果我是个男孩 Even just for a day 就算只是一天 I ‘_____roll out of bed in the morning 早上起床后 And throw on what I ______and go 穿上我想穿的衣服就出门 Drink beer with the guys 和哥儿们喝点小酒 And chase after girls 和美女打情骂俏 I‘___ kick it with who I wanted 看到谁不顺眼就扁 And I‘___ ever get confronted for it 反正不用负责 cause they‘___ stick up for me 因为哥儿们会掩护我
were
d
wanted
d
d
d
If I were a boy,
I should/would/could/might …
If I were a girl,
(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一中假设, 愿望, 怀疑或推测.今天的虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句, 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。
虚拟语气
Subjunctive Mood
The characteristics of The Subjunctive Mood
1. 后退时态
2. be 动词用were
3. 情态动词的使用
(should/would/could/might)
‘if ’虚拟条件句
条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句 和虚拟条件句 两种：
真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。
If it doesn’t rain, we will go hiking.
虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。
‘if ’虚拟条件句的结构
a. 表示与现在事实相反 的假设
b. 表示与过去事实相反 的假设
c. 表示与将来事实相反 的假设
If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.(para4)
If they ____ (be) here, they __________ (take) your advice.
If the world-war ______________________ (burst) out again, what _____________ (happen) to our people on earth?
与过去事实相反
were
would take
would happen
burst/should burst/were to burst
与现在事实相反
与将来事实相反
含蓄条件句
without(＝but for), 代替if从句：
Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many…(Para4)
Without/But for his help, we wouldn’t have made such great progress.
＝If we hadn’t got his help, we wouldn’t have...
But for the fog, we should have reached our school.
=If there had been no fog, we should…
省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
=Were I a boy, I would join the army.
If he had taken my advice, he would
have succeeded in the competition.
=Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
If it should?rain, the crops?would?be?saved.
=Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
if 虚拟条件句的倒装
Wish后的宾语从句
1. 后退时态
2. be动词用were
2. would/could/might + do 表将来
I wish it were spring all the year around.
I wish I would know the marks tomorrow.
The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.
would rather 虚拟语气
但愿，宁愿
1. 后退时态
2. be动词用were
(2014陕西卷) We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
I would rather I didn’t have to go to work tomorrow.
I’d rather you_________ (not tell) me about it yesterday.
hadn’t told
虚拟动词后带should的宾语从句
口诀记忆虚拟动词：
一坚持 insist
二命令 order, command
三建议 suggest, propose, advice
四要求 request, require, demand, ask
1. 应该做什么的语气；
2. should经常省略。
3. suggest表示“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚持…说法”不用虚拟
The professor gave orders that the test ____ before 5:30 pm.
A. be finished B. will finish
C. must be finished D. should finished
My father was strict. He requested that I ____ television on week nights .
A. mustn’t watch B. not watch
C. couldn’t watch D. don’t watch
We demanded that he ____ the bill by the end of this month .
A. must pay B. pay C. paid D. had paid
Her pale face suggested that she ______ ill.
A. were B. should be C. was D. is
A/B/B/C
Using the Subjunctive Mood to make sentences
win a lottery
a car accident/ safety-belt
a superman/a superwoman
take drugs
a letter of resign
P5 EX2
If he had right to choose his holiday, he would go to Mexico.
If I were not allergic to shellfish, I would enjoy eating them.
If the marble stature were not too big for her garden, the housewife would buy it.
If we knew more about the disease, we would be able to treat the patients very effectively.
Ex3
were/ would make
were/ would be
were/ would be
could/ would paint
were/ would help
could take
knew/ would send
could
were/ would be
came /could
I want to make a change to our school!
If I were the headmaster, I should/would/ could/might…
I wish…
Practice 1
If I were you,I would not leave her alone.
If you had come earlier, you couldn’t have missed the bus.
Should it rain ,the crops would be saved.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
The victim would have a chance to survive if he had been
taken to hospital in time.
homework
1.were, would make
2. were, would be
3. were, would be
4. could, would paint
5. were, would help
6. could take
7. knew, would send
8. could go
9. were, would be
10. came , could
新课标P14
(should) give
(should) finish
was
(should) see
was
had
were
hadn’t lost
wouldn’t smoke
went
hadn’t told
were
didn’t smoke
A short history of western painting
Chinese painting
Western-style painting
Western-style painting is true to life and more _________,
the colors look ______, while Chinese painting is
more __________.
detailed
rich
abstract
Why are they so different?
Because Art is influenced by the _______ and _______ of a people.
How many styles of Western painting do you know?
customs
faith
5th
15th
16th
19th
20th
Middle Ages
Renaissance
Impressionism
Modern Art
Time line
Today
religious
characteristics:
Judas kiss 犹大之吻
Giotto di Bondone
more realistic
A conventional painting was influenced by their _____.
faith
Raphael拉斐尔
Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione
Paintings were influenced by __________________________
a more humanistic attitude.
characteristics:
humanistic
classical
realistic
Draw things in
___________.
perspective
2. Using ________.
oil paints
Jan Van Eyck---阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像
Two discoveries:
Conclusion
to create a feeling of
respect and love for
god
new ideas and values
replaced the old ones;
____________________
________were developed
new paints and new technique
Middle Ages Renaissance
Reasons
sunrise日出印象
Claude Monet 莫奈
Paintings were influenced by ______________________.
changes in society.
characteristics:
work outdoors
quickly
not detailed
ridiculous
Modern art styles were encouraged by
______________________.
the Impressionists
characteristics:
controversial
abstract
realistic
Conclusion
new inventions and
social changes
Impressionism
Modern Art
In a word, without ________________________,
many of modern art styles might not exist.
the Impressionists
to look at their environment
in new ways
Thinking
What made the different styles develop?
Customs
Faith
Life attitudes
New discoveries
Social changes
New ideas
People’s taste
…
Which style do you like best? Why?
Appreciating
Which art ages do the following paintings
belong to? Why do you think so?
Mona Lisa - Leonardo Da Vinci
On the grass -Monet
Post-impressionism-Van Gogh
Salvador Dalí达利
Good painting is like good cooking; it can be tasted, but not explained.
好的画犹如佳肴, 可以品其美味，
却无法解释。
Vincent van Gogh
Paul Gauguin
高更
Claude Monet 莫奈
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
雷诺阿
?douard Manet 马奈
Masters &
masterpieces
Reading comprehension
Four students majoring in art are searching for some books in the library. Please choose a proper book for each of them according to their requirements.
A. Art of the Middle Ages.
B. Art of the Renaissance
C. Art of Impressionism
D. Modern Art
Sam is fond of portraits(肖像画) of well-known people.
2.Jane is painting for a church recently.
3. Linda wants to borrow a book which may help her better understand Picasso’s paintings.
4. Jerry wonders how to catch natural light quickly while drawing outdoors.
B/A/DC
Language points
faithful
faithfully
He has faith in my ability
as a result/ as a consequence
consequence
consequently
aimed at
aimed at
without aim
with the aim of
typical example
It is typical of him to take hard jobs.
Warm and damp climate is very typical in the south of China.
It is evident that the couples still love each other.
It is evident that the local government is trying to help the graduates with employment.
adoption
Many new couples are eager to adopt the children losing their parents in the earthquake.
possession
the possession
in possession of
in the possession of
convinced …to go
convince us of
on purpose
controversial
At the time they were firstly used on the Internet, Internet technical expressions led to misunderstandings, but today they are accepted as what young people call sources of vocabulary.
attempted walking until he fell over
attempted the examination
attempted to speak
many times
less often
influenced
customs and faith
aim
represent religious
interested in
respect
love
values
took the place of
focused
humans
religion
people
nature as
were
perspective
convinced
looking through
at
a great deal
agricultural
industrial
impressionists
outdoors
quickly
as detailed as
impressionists’ paintings
beginning
modern art
realistic
faith
consequently
aim
symbol
values
possessions
convinced
attempting
predict
Focus
Homework
造句
with the aim of…
it is/was evident that…
take possession of
convince sb. to do…
by coincidence
a great deal
adopt…to…
attempt to do…
it is typical of sb to do…
