高中英语人教版（新课程标准）选修6 Unit 3 A healthy life 单元导学课件（223张PPT）

课件223张PPT。Unit 3　A healthy lifePeriod One　Warming Up & Reading
Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three　Grammar
Period Four　Writing
? 单元总结提升　相信大家都知道健康很重要,那你听说过亚健康吗?它有哪些特征?该如何避免呢?
Healthy habits, healthy body单元话题导入单元话题导入Feeling tired lately? Has a doctor said he can't find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.
Then, consider this: you might be in a state of sub-health (亚健康).
Sub-health, also called the third state or grey state, is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.单元话题导入According to the investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 per cent of sub-healthy people are middle aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam time.
Symptoms (征兆) include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia (失眠), agitation (焦虑), and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly and take part in open-air activities.
As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should eat more fresh vegetables, fruit and fish because they are rich in nutritional elements—vitamins and trace elements (微量元素)—that are important to the body.单元话题导入Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at a meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract (消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。单元话题导入1.This passage is written mainly to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
2.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F).
(1)Middle-aged people may feel sub-healthy easily because of their pressure in life and work. (　　)
(2)Sweet and salty foods are good to your health. (　　)
(3)Being tired and sweating are both symptoms of sub-health. (　　)单元话题导入tell us something about sub-healthTFT(4)Open-air activities are likely to help you keep healthy. (　　)
(5)It is necessary to make yourself very full at every meal. (　　)
(6)You're tired, but doctors and all the advanced medical equipment show nothing is wrong with you.Then you're healthy. (　　)单元话题导入TFF3.The underlined word “alternate” in the sixth paragraph is closest in meaning to“　　　　”.?
A.take up　　　　　　B.cause to take place
C.keep up D.arrange by turns单元话题导入[答案] D这是本单元的第一课时，包括“热身”和“阅读”两大部分，都是围绕单元中心话题“如何健身、怎样成为健康人”展开的，旨在通过引导学生讨论“健康生活”的相关问题，让他们远离有损身体健康的活动，养成良好的生活习惯。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Understand the meanings of the following new words and phrases and learn about the general usage of some of them:
cigarette n. 　　　　　 香烟；纸烟
alcohol n. 酒；酒精
alcoholic adj. 酒精的
abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待
stress n. 压力，重音，强调
　　vt. 加压力于，使紧张；强调三维目标adolescent n. 青少年
　　　　adj. 青春期的
adolescence n. 青春期
ban vt. 禁止；取缔
　 n. 禁令；谴责
due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的
due to 由于……，因为……(to为介词)
tough adj. 困难的，强硬的；严厉的；坚韧的，结实的
addicted adj. 入迷的；上瘾的三维目标become/be/get addicted to (doing) sth 沉溺于……；专心于……
accustom vt. 使习惯于
accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的
become accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒 (或脱瘾)过程
automatic adj. 无意识的；自动的
automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地
mental adj. 精神的；智力的三维目标mentally adv. 精神上，智力上
quit (quit/quitted) v. 停止(做某事)；离开
effect n. 结果；效力；影响；效果，作用
lung n. 肺
pregnant adj. 怀孕的
abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的
unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的三维目标strengthen vt. 加强，巩固；使坚强
　　　　 vi. 变强
decide on 对……做出决定
packet n. 小包；小盒
feel like (doing) sth 想要(做) ……
desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的；不顾一切的；极想得到的
chemist n. 药剂师；化学家
disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
ashamed adj. 感到羞耻的；感到惭愧的三维目标(2)Help the students understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
① As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
② However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.
③ When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.三维目标 ④ Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that
you are a non-smoker.
(3) Learn about some health issues and how to live a healthy life.
(4) Develop the students' reading and listening abilities.
2. Process and methods
(1) Warming Up
In this section teachers can lead in the topic of this unit by showing the students some pictures of healthy or unhealthy activities and encourage them to express their opinions of living a healthy life.三维目标(2) Pre-reading
While dealing with this part, teachers had better hold a small discussion among the students and help the students realize the harm of smoking. At the same time help the students infer what the two texts will be about from their titles.三维目标(3) Reading and Comprehending
In this part, teachers may first ask the students to read the text quickly to finish a multiple choice or get the main idea of the passage. Then read the text to answer some detailed questions and discuss how the text is organized.
3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Help the students learn about health issues and how to live a healthy life.
(2) Learn the harm of smoking and how to stop smoking.三维目标【重点】
1. Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
2. Help the students realize the harm of smoking and guide them not to smoke and live a healthy life.
【难点】
How to enable the students to understand in what ways people get addicted to cigarettes.重点难点1. In doing Warming Up, help the students to learn about health problems and review some expressions.
2. During Pre-reading, help the students to talk more about bad effects of smoking and how to give advice on stopping smoking.
3. While Reading and Comprehending, ask the students to understand in what ways people get addicted to cigarettes. 教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
(1) Read the text fast to find or summarize the main idea of the text; then find or write the main idea for each paragraph.
(2) Read the text carefully to judge some statements about the text; then finish some single-choice questions.Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text.Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空　　 (2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练 (4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一：问题导入】
1. Questions
(1) What health issues do you think concern young people the most?
(After about 3 minutes)
Key: cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, drug abuse, diet, physical fitness，sexual health, stress, AIDS and infections, cancer, anxiety...
(2) What's a healthy person?
(After discussion)
Key: To be sure healthy, a person must be well in mind, body and spirit.新课导入2. Show some pictures on the computer
T：Look at the following pictures. What are they doing? Which are healthy activities while which are unhealthy activities?
Ask the students to describe the pictures using their own words.新课导入【导入二：情景导入】
Recently, I read a report — Healthy China, 2015, which is about ten health issues concerning Chinese people the most in the year 2015.According to your understanding, what is a healthy life like? And can you guess what the ten issues are? Work in pairs and have a discussion.新课导入Health issues：
AIDS and infections, parenting, relationships, food and nutrition, family issues, environmental health, domestic violence (家庭暴力), air pollution, cancer, anxiety, birth control, dental health, divorce, medical emergency treatment.
Look at the issues listed in the textbook on Page 17. Which issue do you think is the most important one? Why? Work in groups and have a discussion.新课导入Drug abuse
Drug abuse is particularly important.It does great harm to people's health. It will gradually kill a person if he gets addicted to it. Buying drugs costs a lot of money, and many families break up in this way. Our government has to spend much money on drug addicts' treatment.新课导入Parenting
Because many issues arise as a result of bad parenting or lack of care and love. If children grow up in happy and healthy families, they will form good habits and keep away from bad habits.新课导入Smoking
Smoking does great harm to people's health; it causes damage to people's lung and heart and smoking shortens people's lifespan (寿命). Smoking not only does harm to people who smoke, but also affects the people around them.
…新课导入All these issues are important and need to be concerned.
I am wondering if any of you smoke…We know some adolescents started smoking at very early years. Why do you think they smoke? Some realized the harm of smoking and wanted to stop it. Do you know any scientific ways of stopping smoking？新课导入Ⅰ.The main idea of the text is that ____________________________________________________________________.
Ⅱ.Read the passage and then write down the main idea for each paragraph.
Para. 1: __________________________
Para. 2: ?_____________________________________________________________课前自主预习Grandad lives a healthy life.Task OneTask OneFast ReadingGrandad gives his grandson James some advice on how to give up smokingJames' problem of smoking leads to Grandad's writing this letter.Para. 3: _____________________________________________________________
Para. 4: ?__________________________________________________
Para. 5: ?_______________________________________________________课前自主预习Grandad tells about the harmful effects of smoking.Task OneTask OneThere are three different ways of becoming addicted to smoking.Grandad gives some advice to help James give up smoking.Ⅰ.Judge the following statements true(T) or false(F).
1.The first paragraph of the letter shows Grandad lives a healthy life. (　　)
2.James' grandad was also addicted to cigarettes and had to give up smoking because of his girlfriend. (　　)
3.Smoking can affect the health of non-smokers and lead to sterility (不育) in them. (　　)
课前自主预习FTCareful ReadingTask TwoF4.Smokers can stop smoking if they have determination, break the habit and keep trying. (　　)
5.Smokers can become breathless quickly and can't enjoy sports as much. (　　)课前自主预习TTⅡ.Read the text and then choose the best answer.
1.Why did James' grandfather write to James?
A.Because he wanted to tell James his experience.
B.Because he wanted to tell James the harmful effects of smoking.
C.Because he wanted to reason him out of smoking.
D.Because he wanted to help James get some information.课前自主预习[答案] C2.From Paragraph 3, we can learn that 　　　　.?
A.a person can be addicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of the chemicals in cigarettes
B.a person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habit
C.a person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotine
D.a person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette课前自主预习[答案] B3.Which is NOT the effect of smoking?
A.Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs.
B.Affecting the health of non-smokers.
C.Making the clothes turn yellow.
D.Not enjoying sport.课前自主预习[答案] C4.In what way did the old man try to persuade his grandson to give up smoking?
A.Using scientific theory.　　
B.His failure in love.
C.His sports activities.
D.His own experience.课前自主预习[答案] D5.The following statements are true EXCEPT 　　　　.?
A.James' grandfather was tired when returning from a long bike ride
B.there are three ways in which a person can become addicted to smoking
C.keeping your hands busy will help stop smoking
D.some people have to try several times before quitting smoking课前自主预习[答案] AIt's easy for you to start smoking,but once you become addicted to it, you may find 1.　　　　difficult for you to quit. Firstly, you may become 2.　　　　　　 (physical) addicted to nicotine.Secondly,you may develop the habit of 3.　　　　　　(smoke) and finally become mentally addicted to it.?课前自主预习itphysicallysmokingMicro-writingTask ThreeSmoking may have all kinds of 4.　　　　　 (harm) effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and non-smokers around them.It not only 5.　　　　 (affect) your physical fitness,but also does harm to your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases. 6.　　　　 (be) a smoker,the offensive smell and appearance of you may drive people around you away.So,it's important that one quit smoking and live a 7.
　　　　 (health) life.?课前自主预习harmfulaffectsBeinghealthy8.　　　　　(quit) smoking,you should be well-prepared and make a list of all the benefits you may get after quitting it. Developing some new habits like listening to music,reading novels or doing housework may distract your attention and help you to forget your need for a cigarette.But if you really feel bad, you should consult 9.　　　　doctor or chemist to get some professional help. Remember, if you keep 10.
　　　　 (try),you will eventually succeed.?课前自主预习To quitatrying1 stress　n.压力,重音,强调,重要性 vt.加压于,使紧张,强调
(教材P17)Physical fitness　Sexual health　Stress　Obesity 身体健康　性健康　压力　肥胖课堂互动探究词汇点睛课堂互动探究(1)under stress　　　　　　 在压力下
under the stress of 在……压力下,为……所迫
lay/place/put stress on/upon… 对……施压(产生压力)
(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
(3)stressful adj.　　 压力大的(修饰物)
stressfully adv. 紧张地
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;心力交瘁的课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)Her stress grew with the job interview drawing nearer and nearer.
随着工作面试越来越近,她的压力也在增加。
(2)Mum stressed that Rose should come back home by ten o'clock. 妈妈强调说,罗丝一定要在十点钟之前回家。
(3)He can often find a new solution to the problem 　　　　　　　　.?
他常常能在压力之下找到解决问题的新办法。under stress课堂互动探究(4)Our English teacher always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　reading comprehension and composition.?
我们的英语老师反复强调阅读理解和写作的重要性。stresses the importance of2 ban　 vt.禁止;取缔 n.禁令;谴责
(教材P17)Do you think smoking should be banned?
你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗?课堂互动探究(1)ban (doing) sth　　　　　　禁止(做)某事ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事(2)a ban on… 关于……的禁令put a ban on (doing) sth 禁止(做)某事【活学活用】
(1)Swimming is banned in this lake. 这个湖泊禁止游泳。
(2)All the governments have agreed with the ban on chemical weapons.
所有的政府都已经同意禁止使用化学武器。
(3)That young man has 　　　　　　　　　　driving for six months.?
那个年轻人已经被禁止开车,为期六个月。
(4)There is already 　　　　　　smoking in public places.?
早已有了在公共场所不能吸烟的禁令。课堂互动探究been banned froma ban on3 mentally　adv.精神上,智力上
(教材P18)Lastly, you can become mentally addicted.
最后,你可能在心理上上瘾。课堂互动探究mental adj.　　精神的,智力的physical adj. 身体的,物质的,物理的,实体的go mental 发疯go crazy　 发疯,疯狂【活学活用】
(1)I have ever met a woman who is mentally disturbed.
我曾经见过一位精神失常的女士。
(2)Parents should pay more attention to the mental development of children.家长们应该更多地关注孩子的心智发展。
(3)I have never felt more 　　　　　　alive.?我从未感到思维如此活跃。
(4)The hardships in life have affected both her 　　　　　　　　　health.?
生活的艰辛损害了她的身心健康。课堂互动探究mentallyphysical and mental4 quit (quit/quitted)　v.停止(做某事);离职
(教材P18)I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.
我上瘾是有这三个不同方面的原因,因此,要戒烟就很难。课堂互动探究quit sth　　　　　　　　　戒掉某物
quit doing sth　 停止做某事【活学活用】
(1)She would quit unless the manager promised to give her a rise in the near future.
如果经理不答应近期给她加薪,她将辞职走人。
(2)It's time that you quit playing online games and got down to business.
你该停止玩网络游戏,做些正经事情了。
(3)I wish you all would 　　　　　　　　　.?
我希望你们都不要抱怨了。课堂互动探究quit complaining5 effect　n.结果;效力;影响; 效果,作用
(教材P18)When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking.
在我年轻的时候,关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)cause and effect　　　　　 因果
have an/no effect on/upon… 对……产生/无影响/作用
(2)in effect 在实行中
be of no effect 无效;没有作用;不中用
bring/put/carry…into effect 实施;使 …… 生效
take effect/come into effect 开始生效;开始实施
(3)effective adj. 有效的
affect v. 影响【活学活用】
(1)Everything has its cause and effect.
一切皆有因果。
(2)They are determined to put their plan into effect in no time.
他们决定尽快实施他们的计划。
(3)The measures taken by the local government will
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　next month.?
当地政府采取的措施将于下个月生效。课堂互动探究come into effect/take effect(4)This experience will have 　　　　　　　　on future development of the child.?
这次的经历将会对这个孩子的未来发展产生重大影响。课堂互动探究a great effect6 strengthen　vt.加强,巩固,使坚强　vi.变强
(教材P18)It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.
这也许对你戒烟和坚定决心有所帮助。课堂互动探究(1)strong adj.　　　　　　　强壮的,坚固的
strongly adv.　 强烈地
strength n. 力量,力气,长处课堂互动探究(2)length n. 长度
lengthen vt.& vi. (使)延长,加长
(3)shorten vt.& vi. (使)变短
weaken vt.& vi. (使)变弱,削弱
deepen vt.& vi. 加深,深化
sharpen vt.& vi. (使)变得锋利
widen vt. 加宽【活学活用】
(1)We want to strengthen our ties with them.
我们想加强与他们的关系。
(2)She hasn't got enough strength to lift the box.
她没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。
(3)To have a voice in the international world, our country needs to
　　　　　　　its national power.?
为了在国际市场上有发言权,我们国家需要增强国力。课堂互动探究strengthen(4)The success in the election 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in this company considerably.?
在选举中获得成功极大地巩固了他在公司中的地位。课堂互动探究(has) strengthened his position7 desperate　adj.绝望的;拼命的;不顾一切的;极想得到的
(教材P19)If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum.
如果你的确感到没办法,你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈谈,帮你想点儿办法,如含尼古丁的口香糖等。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be desperate to do sth　　　　 急切做某事
be desperate for sth　 渴望得到某物
in desperate need 　 极其需要
(2)desperation n.　 绝望
in desperation　 拼命地
drive sb to desperation 　 把某人逼到绝境
(3)desperately adv. 绝望地【活学活用】
(1)He is desperate for money/to get money.
他极渴望得到钱。
(2)But joy was soon replaced by disappointment and desperation.
但是不久喜悦就被失望和绝望替代了。
(3)That ambitious young man is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
那个雄心勃勃的年轻人极度渴望成功。课堂互动探究desperate for success/desperate to succeed(4)Food in poor countries is a desperate need.
= Poor countries are 　　　　　　　　　　　of food.?
贫困国家急需食品。
(5)Time was running out and we were 　　　　　　　　　　　.?
时间不多了,我们感到很绝望。课堂互动探究in desperate need(getting) desperate8 disappointed　adj.失望的;沮丧的
(教材P19)Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. 即使不得不经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉,你也不要失望。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be disappointed with sb　　　对某人失望
be disappointed at/about sth 对某事/物失望
be disappointed to do sth/that…　 对……失望
(2)disappointing adj.　　 令人失望的
disappoint vt. 令……失望
(3)disappointment n.　　　　 失望
to one's disappointment 令人失望的是……【活学活用】
(1)He was disappointed at the result.
他对这个结果感到失望。
(2)To my disappointment, I didn't meet him.
使我失望的是,我没有见到他。
(3)　　　　　　　　　　　 appeared on her face.?
她的脸上浮现出了一种失望的神情。课堂互动探究A disappointed look(4)She 　　　　　　　　　　learn that she failed this driving test. ?
得知她没有通过这次驾驶考试,她很沮丧。
(5)To his parents'　　　　　　　　, their 　　　　　　　　　　son always makes them 　　　　　　　　at his 　　　　　　　　performance.?
令父母失望的是,他们令人失望的儿子总是因他的令人失望的表现使他们失望。课堂互动探究was disappointed todisappointmentdisappointingdisappointeddisappointing 9 ashamed　adj.感到羞耻的;感到惭愧的
(教材P19)If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.
如果你因意志薄弱而又吸烟了,你也不要觉得难为情。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be/feel ashamed of (doing)sth　　　　为(做)某事而感到惭愧
be ashamed to be/to do sth 因难为情而不愿意……
be ashamed that…　 为……而感到惭愧/羞耻
(2) shame n. 羞愧;可耻的事,遗憾的事
It's a shame/pity that… ……真让人遗憾
shameful adj. 可耻的;不体面的;不道德的
shameless adj. 无耻的【活学活用】
(1)The poor boy was/felt ashamed of his ragged clothes.
这个贫穷的男孩为自己的破衣服感到难为情。
(2)What a shameful thing to tell a lie!
说谎是多么可耻的事啊!
(3)He 　　　　　　　　　his behaviour at the party.?
他对自己在聚会上的行为感到羞愧。课堂互动探究was ashamed of(4)That girl 　　　　　　　　　　　she didn't pass the exam.?
那个女孩因考试不及格而感到惭愧。
(5)It's really 　　　　　　　　　　　　you missed the lecture last Friday.?
你错过了上周五的演讲,真是太遗憾了。课堂互动探究was ashamed thata shame/pity that1 due to　由于……,因为……(to为介词)
(教材P18)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛,要归功于我的健康生活。课堂互动探究短语储存课堂互动探究(1)be due to do sth　　预期做某事,预定要做某事
be due for sth 应有,应得到某物
be due to sth/doing sth/sb 归因于某事/做某事/某人
(2)because of　 因为(比较口语化)
owing to　 因为(比较正式)
thanks to　 多亏,幸亏
as a result of　 由于……的结果【活学活用】
(1)Due to his lack of experience, he failed in the experiment.
由于缺乏经验,他实验失败了。
(2)Have they been paid the money due to them?
他们是否已得到了应得的钱?
(3)The achievements are largely　　　　 all the members' great efforts.?
这些成就很大程度上归功于全体成员的巨大努力。课堂互动探究due to(4)The ship my cousin takes is 　　　　　　　　　　at 9:00 am.?
我表哥乘坐的轮船预计在早上9点到。
(5)That seriously injured boy almost died 　　　　　　　　　　lack of oxygen.?
由于缺氧,那个受伤很严重的男孩差点儿死去。课堂互动探究due to arrivedue to/because of2 become/be/get addicted to (doing) sth沉溺于……,专心于……
(教材P18)You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.你知道,当我青春期的时候,我也吸过烟,而且还上了瘾。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)addict vt.　　　　　　使上瘾
n. 有瘾的人
a work addict　 一个工作狂
addict oneself to sth 沉溺于……
(2)addiction n. 沉溺,嗜好,上瘾
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)Her brother is a junk food addict.
她的弟弟爱吃垃圾食品。
(2)Fifty million Americans are said to be addicted to nicotine.
据说有五千万美国人有烟瘾。
(3)I don't want the kids to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　TV series.?
我不想让孩子们沉迷于电视连续剧。get/be/become addicted to课堂互动探究(4)He 　　　　　　　　　　　playing the violin and didn't find a thief walk into his house.?
他醉心于拉小提琴,没有发现一个小偷走进屋。
(5)It is believed that 　　　　　　　　　　　.?
人们认为吸烟会让人上瘾。addicted himself tosmoking is addictive3 become accustomed to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事
(教材P18)This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说,过一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)become/grow/get/be accustomed to (doing)sth
= get/be used to sth/doing sth
　　　　　　　　　　习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustomed adj.　　　　　 习惯了的,惯常的,通常的(仅用作前置定语)
(3)accustom vt.　　　　　 使习惯于
accustom oneself to sth/doing sth 使自己习惯于……;养成……的习惯课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)We are accustomed to working together.
我们习惯于一起工作。
(2)Having moved to the north-west of China, I had to accustom myself to the dry weather.
搬到中国西北后,我不得不使自己适应干燥的气候。
(3)I'm 　　　　　　　　　being told what to do.?
我不习惯于听别人指挥。not accustomed to课堂互动探究(4)He 　　　　　　　　　　this new way of life very soon. ?
他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。
(5)She took 　　　　　　　　　　by the window.?
她坐在了她通常坐的靠窗户的位子。accustomed himself toher accustomed seat4 decide on　对……做出决定
(教材P19)Decide on a day to quit.
确定一个开始戒烟的日子。课堂互动探究(1)decide to do sth　　　　决心做……
decide that… 决定……
(2)decisive adj.　 决定性的
(3)decision n.　 决定,决心
make a decision　 做决定
come to/arrive at/reach a decision 决定下来课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)We decided on carrying out the plan.
我们决定执行这个计划。
(2)He 　　　　　　　　　he will stay here for another two days.?
他已经决定在这里再待两天。
(3)What date have you 　　　　　　　to hold your wedding ceremony??
你们选定什么日子举行结婚典礼?has decided (that)decided on课堂互动探究(4)The committee 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that a national campaign should be launched against water pollution.?
委员会已经决定下来,要开展一项全国性的反对水污染的运动。has come to/arrived at/reached a decision5 feel like (doing) sth　想要(做)……
(教材P19)Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想要吸烟的时候,你就提醒自己:你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。课堂互动探究feel like sth/doing sth= would like sth/to do sth　　　想/愿意做某事
would like sb to do sth　 想让某人做某事
feel like oneself/don't feel like oneself 感觉自在/感觉不舒服课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.
我好想明年暑假去一趟欧洲。
(2)Because of staying up late for a long time, our manager doesn't feel like himself today.
由于长时间熬夜,我们的经理今天觉得很不舒服。
(3)Do you 　　　　　　　　　a walk with me??
跟我一起去散散步怎么样?feel like (having)课堂互动探究(4)It 　　　　　　　　　　　　, for there are dark clouds in the sky.?
天上乌云密布,好像要下雨。
(5)What else 　　　　you 　　　　　　　　　before the party??
在聚会开始之前你还想让我们做什么?feels like rain/rainingwouldlike us to do1 (教材P18)As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 如你所知,如果你反反复复地做同一件事情,你就会自动地开始做它。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
as引导的非限制性定语从句课堂互动探究【句法分析】
“As you know…”是由关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句,as作know的宾语,指代整个主句的内容。
as既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句:
(1)as引导限制性定语从句时,其先行词常被such或the same修饰,as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
Let's discuss only such questions as concern every one of us. 我们只讨论与每一个人都有关的问题吧。课堂互动探究(2)as引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句的内容,并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;这个从句可放在整个复合句的句首、句中或句末,意为“正如……,就像……”。
As we can see, that girl can speak three languages.
正如我们所看到的,那个女孩会说三种语言。课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)He is not the same man as he was.
他和过去不同了。
(2)She didn't turn up, as could be expected.
正如所料,她没有到场。
(3)We have never heard 　　　　　　　　　　he told just now.?
我们从未听到过他刚才讲的这样的故事。such stories as课堂互动探究(4)　　　　　　　　 to all, she is a world-famous model.?
众所周知,她是一个世界名模。
(5)　　　　　　　　, nobody went to help the injured old man.?
正如报道的那样,没有人去帮助那位受伤的老人。As is knownAs is reported2 (教材P18)However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. 然而,我的确知道,我的女朋友觉得我身上的烟味很难闻。
(教材P18)But I did finally manage. 但是我最终还是戒掉了。
(教材P18)I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. 我的确希望这样,因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
do/does/did+动词原形课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“did know”“did manage”和“do hope”都属于“do/does/did+动词原形”结构,用来强调谓语动词,加强语气,表示“的确,真的,务必”,有时态和数的变化。这种强调,一般只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)Do believe what I said.请务必相信我的话。
(2)She does speak French very well.
她说法语确实说得很好。
(3)They 　　　　　　　　　　　several practical programmes.?
他们的确提出了若干个行之有效的计划。did put forward课堂互动探究(4)In order to achieve his dream, he 　　　　　　　　　　　.?
为了实现梦想,他确实在努力奋斗。
(5)　　　　　　　 the situation you are in now, carefully and comprehensively.?
请你现在一定要认真而全面地考虑你的处境。does work hardDo consider3 (教材P18)When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
当我因健康原因而被学校足球队除名时,我意识到自己是时候戒烟了。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
it is/was time to do sth课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“it is/was time to do sth”是个固定句型,意为“是该做某事的时候了”。类似的句型还有:
(1)It is/was (high/about) time for sb to do sth.=It is/was (high/about) time that sb did/should do sth.
(2)It/This is the first/second…time that sb/sth have/has done sth.
It/This was the first/second…time that sb/sth had done sth.
这是某人/……第一次/第二次……做……课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)It is time to go to bed.
是该睡觉的时候了。
(2)It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
(3)It is high time 　　　　　　　　　　.?
到该说再见的时候了。to say goodbye课堂互动探究(4)The secretary reminded it was high time that the managers
　　　　　　　　　　　　　what to do next.?
秘书提醒说,是经理们讨论下一步要做了什么的时候了。
(5)This is the first time that we 　　　　　　　a film in the cinema together as a family.?
这是我们全家人第一次一起在电影院看电影。discussed/should discusshave seen4 (教材P19)Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想要吸烟的时候,你就提醒自己:你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
every time引导的时间状语从句课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的every time是一个名词短语,意为“每次”,用作连词,引导时间状语从句。类似的还有:
each time每次　　　　　　　　
the moment/minute/instant一……就……
any time任何时候,随时　　　
the first/last time第一次/最后一次课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)Every/Each time I have trouble, you'll always help me. 每次我有困难时,你总是来帮我。
(2)You are welcome to return to the company any time you want.你想回公司的话,随时可以回来。
(3)　　　　　　　　 I saw her, she was playing tennis on the playground.?
我第一次见到她的时候,她正在操场上打网球。The first time课堂互动探究(4)She recognized me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she saw me.?
她一见到我就认出我来了。
(5)　　　　　　　　　　 I go to visit him, he is busy with his work.?
每次我去拜访他,他总是忙于工作。the moment/minute/instantEvery/Each time这是本单元的第二课时，包括“语言学习”和“语言运用”两大部分，旨在帮助学生复习、巩固第一篇课文内容，并通过听、说、读的方式学习和了解与艾滋病病毒和艾滋病相关的内容，训练语言综合运用能力。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Understand the meanings of the following words and phrases and learn about how to use some of them：
in spite of　　　　　　 不管；不顾
take risks (a risk) 冒险
get into 染上(坏习惯)，养成；陷入(麻烦、 困难等)
HIV 艾滋病病毒
AIDS 艾滋病三维目标at risk 处境危险，遭受危险
immune adj. 有免疫力的
survival n. 幸存；生存；幸存物；遗物
sex n. 性；性别
be infected with 感染(疾病)
injection n. 注射；注射剂
needle n. 针；针头
prejudice n. 偏见，成见三维目标judgement n. 看法；判决；判断
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的
awkward adj. 局促不安的，笨拙的三维目标(2) Get the students to understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
You can have HIV in your blood for a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease.
(3) Enable the students to get some basic knowledge about HIV/AIDS.三维目标2. Process and methods
(1) Explanation and practice.
(2) A task-based method
During this lesson, the students are required to finish some tasks which help the students understand HIV/ AIDS.
(3) A student-centred method三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) By learning this part, the students can not only understand some knowledge of AIDS, but also learn how to protect themselves and treat the AIDS patients with love.
(2) Develop the students' sense of cooperation.三维目标【重点】
1. Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
2. Get the students to know in what ways the HIV virus is spread.
3. Guide the students to learn about how to stay safe.
4. Get the students to know how to treat people infected with AIDS.
【难点】
Explain the ways the HIV spreads in target language.重点难点(1) The emphasis of Learning about Language will be put on the words, expressions and some sentence patterns. Some of them are only needed to be understood when meeting them in reading the passage. But some of them are needed to be given enough explanations and practice.教学建议(2) This reading passage provides information about what HIV/ AIDS is, how it is contracted and how to protect oneself from getting the disease. The text is in the form of an information poster. The aim of this passage is to provide accurate, sensitive information for students so that they do not put themselves at risk out of ignorance and so that those who already suffer from the disease can be seen in a more sympathetic way. 教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
Read the text fast to finish Exercise 2 on Page 23.
Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
(1) Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text.
(2) Read the text carefully and finish Exercise 3 on Page 23.Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空
(2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练
(4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Former President Hu Jintao shakes hands with an HIV patient in a hospital in Beijing on Friday morning.
(Slide show)
HIV is increasing in every region of the world.
Then what is HIV?新课导入HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system — the body's defense against diseases. A person infected with HIV may not have symptoms to start with, but eventually without effective treatment the immune system will become very weak and it will no longer be able to fight illnesses.
What's a virus?
A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.
What is AIDS?
This class we will learn more about AIDS.新课导入【导入二】
Lead the students to the topic of AIDS.
Write the words AIDS and HIV on the blackboard. The teacher can also show some pictures of AIDS patients to the students to let them have a deep impression of the disease.
T: Look at the blackboard. I think all of you know what these two words mean in Chinese, although you may not be able to tell their full English name. You should have known more or less about AIDS. 新课导入And there have been many reports about AIDS. By the way, which day is the World AIDS Day?
S: 1st December.
T: You are right. But what is the theme of World AIDS Day in 2014?
S: Getting to zero.
T: I am very glad you know this. Before we read a poster about AIDS and HIV, I'd like to test you on your understanding of them. Please turn to Page 23. Decide which of the statements in Exercise 2 are true and which are false. Tick the correct boxes.新课导入About two minutes later, ask one student to read out the true statements. This test will enable the teacher to know how much the students know about AIDS and HIV.
T: I think you have known much about AIDS and HIV. Now, let's come to the poster and see what it tells us about them. 新课导入1 survival　n.幸存,生存,幸存物,遗物
(教材P22)If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small.
如果你得了艾滋病,幸存的可能性很小。课堂互动探究词汇点睛课堂互动探究(1)survive vi.& vt.　　　　　存活,幸免于难,艰难度过,比……活得长
survivor n.　 幸存者,生还者
(2)survive (v.)→ survival (n.)　 幸存
arrive (v.)→ arrival (n.)　 到达
refuse (v.)→ refusal (n.)　　 拒绝
approve (v.)→ approval (n.)　 同意【活学活用】
(1)A lot of small companies have to fight for survival.
很多小公司不得不为生存而拼搏。
(2)The old man is a survival of the past age.
这位老人是上一个时代的遗老。
(3)If cancers are spotted early, there‘s a high 　　　　　　　　　　　.?
如果癌症在早期被发现的话,存活的概率很高。课堂互动探究chance of survival(4)Thanks to the timely rescue, most of the passengers on board
　　　　　　the aircraft accident.?
幸亏得到及时的救援,绝大多数的乘客在那次的飞机事故中幸免于难。课堂互动探究survived2 prejudice　n.偏见,成见　vt.使有成见
(教材P22)Unfortunately, people with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice.不幸的是,由于偏见,HIV病毒携带者有时会失去他们的朋友。课堂互动探究without prejudice　　　　无损于合法权利
have a prejudice against　 对……有偏见【活学活用】
(1)Women still face prejudice in the workplace.
女性在职场仍然面临偏见。
(2)Her charm might prejudice the judges in favour of her.
她的魅力可能使得评委都偏向她。
(3)Young people should not 　　　　　　　　against popular music.?
年轻人不应该对流行音乐有偏见。
(4)You should make a decision 　　　　　　　　　to our rights.?
你应该做出一个不损害我们的权益的决定。课堂互动探究have a prejudicewithout prejudice3 judgement　n.看法,判决,判断
(教材P23)Before you read this text, what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS?
在读这篇文章之前,你对HIV病毒携带者或艾滋病患者做了什么样的评价?课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)in one‘s judgement　　　　按照某人的看法pass judgement on　 对……宣判make a judgement on/about　 对……做出判断show good judgement in　 在某方面表现出很好的判断力(2)judge vt.　 判断,断定judge…to be…　 断定认为……judging by/from… 根据……判断【活学活用】
(1)The court passed judgement on the criminal.
法庭对这个罪犯做出了裁决。
?(2)You can't judge a book by its cover.
你不能根据封面判断一本书(不能以貌取人)。
(3)　　　　　　　　　　　, we should accept their practical plan.?
我认为,我们应该接受他们的切实可行的方案。
(4)He refuses to 　　　　　　　　　　about the present situation.?
他拒绝对目前的形势做出评价。课堂互动探究In my judgementmake a judgement4 embarrassed　adj.尴尬的;陷入困境的
(教材P24)Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward.
然后她给我一支烟,我感到很尴尬并且局促不安。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be/feel embarrassed about/at…　　　　对……感到难为情/不知所措be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬(2)embarrassment n.　 害羞,难堪to one's embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是(3)embarrassing adj.　　 令人为难的(4)embarrass vt.　 使局促不安;使尴尬【活学活用】
(1)She is very shy.She often gets embarrassed if asked to sing in public. 她很害羞。如果让她在公众场合唱歌她常常会感到难为情。
(2)He was embarrassed to hear people speak so highly of him. 他听到别人这样夸他,感到很难为情。
(3)We 　　　　　　　　　　his unexpected questions.?
他突然的发问使我们不知所措。课堂互动探究were embarrassed at(4)She 　　　　　　　　　　　　admit having made a big mistake. Her face turned red with 　　　　　　　　.?
她尴尬地承认犯了一个大错误。她尴尬得脸都红了。课堂互动探究was embarrassed toembarrassment5 awkward　adj.局促不安的,笨拙的;不方便的,难相处的,不协作的
(教材P24)Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward.
然后她给我一支烟,我感到很尴尬并且局促不安。课堂互动探究(1)make things awkward　　使事情变得难办/棘手
(2)awkwardness n.　 尴尬,难为情;笨拙
awkwardly adv.　 难为情地;笨拙地【活学活用】
(1)John was so shy and awkward that everyone noticed him.
约翰如此害羞笨拙,以至于大家都注意到了他。
(2)She is awkward with strangers.和陌生人在一起她感到不自在。
(3)We all want to make a good first impression and not get stuck in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.?
我们都想给人留下好的第一印象而不要陷入一种尴尬的谈话中。
(4)He might 　　　　　　　　　　　　if he really did it like that.?
如果他真的那样做,他会把事情弄得很难办。课堂互动探究an awkward conversation/talkmake things awkward1 in spite of　不管;不顾
(教材P20)In spite of all his efforts he failed.
他尽管很努力还是失败了。课堂互动探究短语储存in spite of+n./doing=despite (prep.)+n./doing=regardless of+n./doing= although/though/as/even though+从句课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)In spite of/Despite/Regardless of his age, he looks really energetic. 尽管年龄很大了,但他看起来仍精力充沛。
(2)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 great efforts we failed to finish our plan.?尽管做出了巨大努力,我们还是没能完成计划。
(3)He keeps on working 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　being ill. 他不顾生病坚持工作。?
(4)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the traffic was very heavy, he managed to arrive on time.?尽管交通拥挤,他还是设法按时到了。In spite of/Despite/Regardless of in spite of/despite/regardless ofAlthough/Though/Even though2 take risks/a risk 冒险
(教材P20)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.
他觉得每一步他都不得不做出决定而不是冒险。
at risk 处境危险,遭受危险
(教材P22)HIV/AIDS: ARE YOU AT RISK? HIV病毒/艾滋病:你是否面临危险?课堂互动探究(1)risk n.　　　　　　　　危险,风险
vt. 冒……的危险课堂互动探究risky adj.　 危险的;大胆的;冒险的
(2)at all risks　 无论冒什么风险
at the risk of doing sth　 冒着……的危险做某事
at one's own risk　 责任自负
reduce/increase the risk of 降低/增加……的风险
run/take the risk of doing/to do sth 冒着做某事的危险
(3)risk one's life　 冒着生命危险
risk doing sth　 冒着做某事的危险【活学活用】
(1)I won't run/take the risk of putting the whole company in danger. 我不会冒这个险,把整个公司置于险境中。
(2)You needn't have risked your life to do that dangerous experiment.
你本来没有必要冒生命危险去做那个危险的试验的。
(3)Anyone can't achieve his dream easily without 　　　　　　　　　.?
如果不冒险,任何人都不可能轻易实现他的梦想。课堂互动探究taking risks/a risk(4)They tried their best to save the drowning boy 　　　　　　　.?
无论冒什么危险他们都尽了他们最大的努力去救那个溺水的男孩。
(5)He signed his name on that paper 　　　　　　of getting dismissed.?
他冒着被解雇的风险在那个文件上签名了。课堂互动探究at the riskat all risks3 get into　染上(坏习惯),养成;陷入(麻烦、困难等)
(教材P20)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!
当然,处理这些毒品的最好方式就是最初就不要染上这种恶习!课堂互动探究get into debt　　　　　　　　负债累累
get into trouble/deep water 陷入困境
get into the habit of 养成……的习惯 【活学活用】
(1)Now many young people get into the habit of smoking in public.
现在很多年轻人都养成了在公共场合吸烟的习惯。
(2)Hearing the bad news, people got into a panic.
听到那个坏消息,人们陷入了恐慌。
(3)Those kids are always 　　　　　　　　　　.?
那些孩子总是麻烦不断。课堂互动探究getting into trouble(4)If you continue spending money like this, you‘ll 　　　　　　　　.?
如果你继续这样花钱,你会负债的。
(5)It‘s much easier 　　　　　　　　　　than quit it. ?
养成一种习惯比改掉一种习惯容易得多。课堂互动探究get into debtto get into a habit(教材P22)You can have HIV in your blood for a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that your body can no longer fight disease.
在你的血液中,HIV病毒可以长期存在,但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损,以至于使你的身体不再能够与疾病抗衡。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
so…that…如此……以至于……课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”,that引导结果状语从句。
(1)so+adj./adv.+that
(2)so+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词+that
(3)so+many/few+复数可数名词+that
(4)so+much/little(少)+不可数名词+that
(5)such+a(n)+adj.+单数可数名词+that
(6)such+adj.+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that【名师点津】
当“so+adj./adv.”置于句首时,主句要使用部分倒装结构。
【活学活用】
(1)When the fans saw Stephen Curry, they were so excited that they cried out. 当支持者们见到斯蒂芬·库里时,他们如此激动以至于大喊起来。
(2)It was such lovely weather that we decided to spend the day on the mountain.
天气如此好以至于我们决定在山上度过这一天。课堂互动探究(3)Tom is such a friendly boy that we all like him.=Tom is　　　　　　boy that we all like him.?
汤姆是这么友好的一个男孩以至于我们都喜欢他。
(4)So many students in this class have made 　　　　　　　　　　that everyone is amazed.?
这个班里那么多的同学取得了如此大的进步,真是令人惊奇。
(5)　　　　　　 was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.?
这次袭击是如此突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。课堂互动探究so friendly asuch great progressSo sudden这是本单元的第三课时，主要任务是学习掌握it的两个用法：形式主语和表示“时间”“距离”“天气”等。1. Knowledge and skills
Help the students to master the usage of “it”．
2. Process and methods
(1) Let the students pick out the sentences with “it” in the passage and ask them to translate them into Chinese to understand them.
(2) Offer the students more examples to compare and help them to discover the usage of “it”．
(3) Do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 21 to master the usage of “it”．三维目标(4) Summarize the usage of “it” with the students together.
(5) Do more exercises for consolidation.
3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Hold the students' interest in learning English grammar.
(2) Develop the students' ability to compare and summarize as well as their sense of
cooperation.三维目标【重点】
1. The usage of “it” used in the subject position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.
2. The usage of “it” used to talk about time, date, distance or weather.
3. The structure: It is/was＋n./adj.＋infinitive
It is…that…
【难点】
How to use the sentence pattern “It is…” when we talk about time, distance, weather, etc.重点难点“It” can be used in different situations in English and often appears in many levels of tests. Teachers should give enough attention to it, especially when it is used to talk about time, distance, weather and so on. 教学建议Step Ⅰ. Revision
Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of the first two periods.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this grammar item.
Step Ⅲ. Presentation
Select suitable examples and show concise instructions to the students as a presentation of the usage of “it”．Step Ⅳ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 句型转换
(2) 单句语法填空
(3) 完成句子
(4) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅴ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅵ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
T: Hello, boys and girls! Today I'll give you a grammar lesson. Before we have learned something about star signs. Do you want to know what star sign I am? Let me tell you. I was born on November 6th. So what star sign am I?
S: You're Scorpio.
T: Can you guess my characteristics? I'm powerful and energetic. I usually keep secrets, but I don't forgive others for their mistakes. According to this point, what do you think of me? You may think I'm新课导入silly. I also think so. I often say to myself “It is silly of me not to forgive others for their mistakes.” Now, I want to change myself. I am learning to forgive others for their mistakes. Because I think it is wise of me to forgive others for their mistakes.
In the last two sentences, I used a sentence structure. That is “It is＋adj.＋of sb＋(not) to do sth.” We use this sentence structure to express what we think of someone's action.This is one important usage of “it”. Do you want to know more about how to use “it”？新课导入【导入二】
Read and analyse the following sentences.
S1.— What is this? — It is a cellphone.
S2.— What is that? — It is his dictionary.
S3.— Whose book is this? — It is Mr Cheng's.
S4.— Where is your English book? — It is here.
S5. My cat is missing, and I can't find it anywhere.新课导入Question: What does “it” in these sentences refer to?
Draw a conclusion: it可以用作人称代词，代指________还可以替代指示代词________或________．
Besides these, who can give us more examples to show other usage of “it”？新课导入it的用法(Ⅰ)
一、it用作代词
1.it用作人称代词:
(1)指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事;
(2)指代性别不明的child或baby;
(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。
My friend offered me a beautiful gift yesterday, and I like it very much.
我朋友昨天给了我一件漂亮的礼物,我非常喜欢。语法归纳His sister has given birth to a baby recently.It is said it is very beautiful.
他姐姐最近生了个孩子。据说孩子很漂亮。
—Who is waiting for you at the bus stop?
—I have no idea.It may be my brother.
“谁正在公共汽车站等你?”“我不知道。可能是我哥哥。”
2.it用作非人称代词:
(1)it可以表示天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境情况等; 语法归纳(2)it也可以表示一般的、笼统的情况。
It is a fine day today, isn't it? 今天是个好天气,对吧?
It is five kilometres to the town from the village.
从村庄到城镇有5千米的路。
It's ten o'clock now.现在10点钟了。
It is too bad.There is much work for me to do today.
糟透了。今天我有太多的工作要做。语法归纳3.it可以指代指示代词this,that或不定代词something,nothing。
Whenever she sees something that she likes, she goes and buys it.每当她看到了喜欢的东西,她就会去买下来。
二、it用作引导词
1.it在句中作形式主语:
it 作为形式主语常用于下面句型中:
(1)It be+adj.+(for sb)to do…(对某人来说)做……是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有 possible, necessary, important, easy, strange, natural等)语法归纳(2)It be+n.+doing…做……是……的。(常用于本句型的名词有 good,use等)
(3)It be+adj.+doing…做……是……的。(常用于本句型的形容词有useless, worthwhile等)
(4)It be+adj.+that………是……的。(常用于此句型的形容词有necessary, important, strange, natural等)
注意:此句型中从句一般用虚拟语气,即(should) do。
(5)It be+过去分词+that…据……。(常用于本句型的过去分词有said, announced, believed, reported, known, hoped等)语法归纳(6)It be+n.+that………是……的。(常用于本句型的名词有pity, honour, shame, wonder等)
It is impossible to get there by boat.
坐船到那里是不可能的。
It is no use giving him some advice.= It is useless giving him some advice.给他提建议没用。
It is necessary that the work should be done well.
这项工作要被完美地完成,这是必要的。语法归纳语法归纳It was said that the typhoon, Haiyan, had caused a lot of damage.据说台风海燕已造成了很大的破坏。
It's a pity that you can't come.你不能来真遗憾。
2.it 在句中作形式宾语:
it 作为形式宾语常用于句型“动词+it+形容词/名词+(for sb+)to do/doing/that从句”中。常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep等。They considered it important to have the work done on time.他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。
We make it a rule to visit the old every weekend.
我们规定每个周末都去拜访那些老人。
He thought it no use trying to convince them.
他认为说服他们没有用。
I think it important that you (should) attend the conference.
我认为你去参加这个会议很重要。语法归纳3.it的其他句型:
(1)It remains to be done+从句(真正的主语).……有待于……
It remains to be seen whether making a trip often does good to the old couple's health.
经常旅行是否对老年夫妇的健康有好处有待于见证。
(2)It+hits/occurs to/strikes sb+从句(真正的主语).某人突然想起……
It occurred to me that we should start off at once.
我突然想起我们应该立刻出发。语法归纳(3)动词appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike后面由if或when引导从句时,中间用it, 构成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike+it+if/when从句”。
He will appreciate it if they invite him.
如果他们邀请他,他将非常感激。
She hated it when he bragged that he was the most important.她讨厌他自吹自己最重要。语法归纳(4)动词短语rely/depend on/upon(依靠),see to(负责,照料),answer for(负担,担保),ask for(请求)后跟that引导的从句作宾语时,中间需用形式宾语it,构成“动词短语+it+that从句”结构。
You can depend on it that she is always concerned about her own interests.
她总是关心自身的利益,对这一点可以打包票。
Please see to it that the door is locked.
请确保一下门锁了没有。语法归纳(5)用于“动词+it+介词短语+that从句”结构中:
take it for granted that…认为……理所当然
owe it to sb that…把……归功于某人
leave it to sb that…把……留给某人
keep it in mind that…把……记在心里
He owes it to his doctor's care that he is quite well again.
多亏医生的照料,他的病才好了。
Keep it in mind that you have to be home by 11 o'clock.
记住,你必须在11点以前回家。语法归纳【活学活用】
Ⅰ.句型转换(用it作形式主语)
1.We all knew that they had broken their promise.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　they had broken their promise.?
2.If you want to give up smoking in a short time, it will be difficult.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　smoking in a short time.?
3.Since you have spilt your milk, crying over it is useless.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　crying over spilt milk.?语法归纳It was known thatIt is difficult to give upIt's useless/no use4.He has made up his mind.You needn't try to persuade him.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　for you to try to persuade him.?
5.The weak baby is becoming stronger and stronger, which makes his parents happy.
→ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the weak baby is becoming stronger and stronger.?
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.This house is beautiful with a garden.We really like 　　　　very much.?语法归纳It's not necessaryIt makes his parents happy thatit语法归纳2.—I have a new copy of the book.I'd like to send 　　　　to you.?
—No, thanks.I'd rather buy 　　　　in the bookstore.?
3.I'd appreciate 　　　　if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.?
4.The doctor thought 　　　　better for you to have a holiday than to keep on working.?
5.It never occurred to me 　　　you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.?itoneititthat6.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see who　　　　 is.?
7.It's no use 　　　　　　　(complain) without taking action.?
8.The soldiers feel 　　　　their duty to defend their motherland.?
9.You can depend on 　　　　that they will look after your daughter when you are away.?
10.It remains to be seen 　　　　　the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.?语法归纳itcomplainingititwhether11.　　　　 felt funny watching myself in the mirror.?
12.Will you see to 　　　　that my cat is well attended while I'm away??
13.From the teacher's explanation, I have learnt what a big responsibility
　　　　is to educate us.?
14.I don't enjoy it in the summer 　　　　it rains on end.?
15.New technologies have made 　　　　easier to enjoy life better than ever before.?语法归纳ItItItwhenitⅢ.句型训练
1.　　　　　　　　　 (据报道) there was a serious accident on that highway last weekend.?
2.　　　　　　　　 (多远) from your hometown to Beijing??
3.　　　　　　　　　　　 (要牢记) you must finish your task by this weekend.?
4.　　　　　　　　　　　 (他们表明) to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job.?语法归纳It is reported thatHow far is itKeep it in mind thatThey make it clear5.New technologies have 　　　　　　　　(使……可能) to turn out new products faster and at lower costs.?语法归纳made it possible应用文写作之邀请信
　　第一段:说明写作意图。
第二段:具体交代情景, 包括受邀请的人、邀请收信人要做什么、地点以及具体的时间等内容。
第三段:表示期待收信人的回复。
1. 段首常用语:
(1)I am writing to invite you to…
(2)I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in…基础写作知识(3)I wonder if you can come…
(4)How would you like to join us in…?
2. 段尾常用语:
(1)Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to…?
(2)My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come.
(3)We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
(4)I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon. 基础写作知识【例】 假设你是红星中学高三(1)班学生李华, 你们学校将举行一次英语沙龙活动, 请你给外教Jeff写一封邀请信, 邀请他给你们做主题为“西方节日”的讲座。邀请信的内容包括:
1. 英语沙龙活动的具体时间、地点和主题;
2. 选择该主题的原因;
3. 期待对方的回复。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇:英语沙龙 English salon基础写作知识Dear Jeff,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua 基础写作知识[参考范文]
Dear Jeff,?
Our school is going to have an English salon. We warmly invite you to prepare a presentation for it. Please give us a lecture about Western holidays.
The salon will be at the lecture room from 9 to 11 in the morning on Saturday, January 16th. Western holidays are becoming increasingly popular in China. Many of us are interested in them and we want to know more about the holidays in the West. 基础写作知识We would really appreciate your participation. We are looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua?基础写作知识【及时演练】
假定你是李华,得知外教Mr Hall寒假不回国,想邀请他到你家过春节。请给他写一封信,内容包括:
1. 时间;
2. 一同过节的家人;
3. 活动。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。基础写作知识基础写作知识One possible version:
Dear Mr Hall,
I'm writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on February 5. It's traditionally a time for a family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be there. We'll make dumplings together and have a big dinner. We'll also play card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV. You may even get a gift from my parents. If you're able to come, I'll go and pick you up at your place.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua如何回复信件并提出建议
【写作点拨】
在第一单元我们已经学习了建议信的一般写法。另外,在日常的学习和工作中也常常需要回复他人以书信、电子邮件或网帖等形式写给我们的信件,同时提出建议,写法大同小异。
1.概念:仔细阅读以上形式的各种信件,分析、明确信件内容和其中的问题,有针对性地提出建议或忠告。
2.分类:写给个人,就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和建议。单元话题写作3.内容安排:(1)细致阅读信件,分析信中的问题;(2)有针对性地提出建议并给出理由。
4.语言特征:(1)问题分析要深刻全面;(2)提出的建议要合情合理,要有礼貌。
【词句模板】
亮点句式/短语:
1.first of all首先
2.hold an optimistic attitude towards life对生活保持乐观的态度
3.as is known to all众所周知单元话题写作4.Owning an optimistic attitude is vital.拥有乐观的态度很重要。
5. be of great help对……有很大帮助
6.Having a good command of knowledge is the solid foundation for your future.
很好地掌握知识可以为你的将来打下良好的基础。单元话题写作【活学活用】
假定你是张华,你的一位在西部山区居住的亲戚家的孩子叫王刚,在一所中学读书。前些天你的亲戚给你来信让你了解了王刚的一些不良情况,旨在让你给王刚写一封信,提出你的建议,劝王刚能改变自己并健康成长。
主要内容包括:
1.保持乐观的人生态度; 2.努力学习; 3.多参加体育锻炼。
注意:1.词数80左右;2.信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。单元话题写作参考词汇:态度attitude　心情沮丧frustration
Dear Wang Gang,
We all want you to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal you had better do several things. _________________________________
_______________________________________________________________　　　　　　
Yours,
Zhang Hua单元话题写作单元话题写作One possible version:
Dear Wang Gang,?
We all want you to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal you had better do several things.?
First of all, you must hold an optimistic attitude towards life.As is known to all, everyone will meet with obstacles and problems in his growth.So owning an optimistic attitude is vital, which is of great help to deal with them properly.Besides, you must study hard.Having a good单元话题写作 command of knowledge is the solid foundation for your future.Last but not least, you should not neglect physical exercise.Proper physical exercise helps build our body and makes us feel relaxed.In return, it is good for our study.
To conclude, an optimistic attitude, a good command of knowledge and proper physical exercise are key factors if you want to grow up happily and healthily.We believe achieving this goal is not difficult if you do all these things.Come on!
Yours,
Zhang Hua?1.　　　　 n.酒,酒精→ 　　　　　adj.酒精的n.酒鬼,酗酒者?
2.　　　　n.健康→　　　　adj.健康的→　　　　adj.不健康的→ 　　　　n.病,疾病→　　　　adj.生病的;邪恶的→ 　　　　　adj.健康的,健全的,有益健康的?
3.　　　　n.压力,紧张,重要性vt.加压于,强调,使紧张→　　　　　　adj.有压力的,产生压力的,紧张的→　　　　　　adj.感到有压力的,紧张的?单元知识回眸重点单词alcoholalcoholicfitnessfitunfitillnessillhealthystressstressfulstressed4.　　　　　　n.青春期,青少年→ 　　　　　　adj.青春期的,未成熟的→
　　　　n.成年人adj.成年人的,成熟的→ 　　　　　　n.成年,成人期?
5.　　　　　adj.入了迷的,上了瘾的→ 　　　　　vt.使沉溺,使上瘾n.有瘾的人,入迷的人→ 　　　　　n.上瘾,沉溺?
6.　　　　　　　adj.惯常的,习惯了的→　　　　　　　vt.使习惯于?
7.　　　　　　adj.无意识的,自动的→　　　　　　　 adv.无意识地,自动地?
8.　　　　adj.精神的,智力的→　　　　　adv.精神上,智力上?单元知识回眸adolescenceadolescentadultadulthoodaddictedaddictaddictionaccustomed accustomautomaticautomaticallymentalmentally9.　　　　n.结果,效力→　　　　　adj.有效果的,起作用的→ 　　　　　　adv.有效地,生效地?
10.　　　　　adj.畸形的,异常的→　　　　　 adj.正常的,标准的 n.常态?
11.　　　　　adj.气喘吁吁的,屏息的→　　　　n.呼吸,气息→ 　　　　vt.呼吸,吸入?
12.　　　　　　vt.加强,巩固,使坚强vi.变强→　　　　　n.力量,力气,长处→
　　　　　　vt.使延长,加长 vi.延长→　　　　n.长度?单元知识回眸effectiveeffectivelyeffectabnormalnormalbreathlessbreathbreathestrengthenstrengthlengthenlength13.　　　　　　 adj.失望的,沮丧的,受挫折的→　　　　　　 vt.使失望,使受挫折→ 　　　　　　　　　n.失望,沮丧?
14.　　　　　 vi.动摇,减弱vt.使变弱→　　　　 adj.虚弱的,不牢固的,无力的→
　　　　 vi.变锋利vt.削尖,磨快,使敏捷→　　　　 adj.锋利的;尖锐的;强烈的,急剧的?
15.　　　　　 adj.羞愧的,感到难为情的→　　　　 vt.使丢脸,使羞愧n.羞愧,憾事→ 　　　　　　adj.可耻的,不体面的,不道德的,令人羞愧的?
16.　　　　 adj.不合法的,违法的→　　　　 adj.法律的,合法的,法定的?单元知识回眸disappointdisappointmentdisappointedweakenweaksharpensharpashamedshameshamefulillegallegal17.　　　　n.幸存;幸存的事物→　　　　　 vi.幸存vt.幸免于,比……活得长?
18.　　　　 adj.男性的,雄性的n.男人,雄性动植物→　　　　 adj.女性的,雌性的n.女人,雌性动植物?
19.　　　　　　n.看法,判决,判定→　　　　 vt.审判,判定n.裁判员,法官?
20.　　　　　　 adj.尴尬的,陷入困境的→ 　　　　　　　adj.令人尴尬的,为难的→ 　　　　　　vt.使窘迫,使尴尬→ 　　　　　　　　n.窘迫,尴尬,拮据?单元知识回眸survivemalesurvivalfemalejudgementjudgeembarrassedembarrassingembarrassembarrassment1.喝酒　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
2.药物滥用 　　　　　　　　　　　?
3.由于,因为 　　　　　　　　　　　?
4.沉溺于,专心于(做)某事 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
5.习惯于(做)某事 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
6.对……做出决定 　　　　　　　　　　　?单元知识回眸重点短语drink alcoholdrug abusedue tobecome/be addicted to (doing) sthbecome/be accustomed to (doing) sthdecide on7.想要(做)…… 　　　　　　　　　　　?
8.感到绝望的 　　　　　　　　　　　?
9.感到羞愧的 　　　　　　　　　　　?
10.不管;不顾 　　　　　　　　　　　?
11.冒险 　　　　　　　　　　　?
12.处境危险 　　　　　　　　　　　?
13.染上(坏习惯),养成 　　　　　　　　　　　?单元知识回眸feel like (doing) sthfeel desperatefeel as