高中英语人教版（新课程标准）选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature 单元导学课件（183张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高中英语人教版（新课程标准）选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature 单元导学课件（183张PPT） |  | |
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课件183张PPT。Unit 5 The power of naturePeriod One Warming Up & Reading
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
? 单元总结提升一提到闪电,相信每个人都会惊异于它的魅力,然而它却是致人死亡的最常见的自然灾害之一。
Last Friday, at least 5 people were killed by lightning in Nepal.
Lightning strikes are the second most common cause of deaths during natural disasters in the US.The first is floods.Around 400 people nationwide are struck by lightning each year, and of
those, seventy people die.That is, more people are
killed by lightning than by tornadoes and hurricanes.单元话题导入单元话题导入Because lightning kills only one or two people at a time, its danger does not receive as much attention as other disasters.
“If you hear the thunder, you are in danger from lightning,” said Rocky Lopes, a disaster educator at the American Red Cross.
“Thunder means that lightning is close enough to hit you at any time, so you should move indoors immediately and stay there until the storm has ended.The most important thing to remember is to seek shelter,” Lopes said.单元话题导入Summer is the peak time for lightning storms, so when lightning strikes across the sky, remember these safety tips:
Stop working, fishing, swimming or playing in open fields.
Do not stand under a tree.
Get off bicycles and motorcycles.
Crouch down (蹲下) if there is no shelter.
Avoid open spaces, wire fences, metal objects and electrical objects such as hairdryers.根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1.This passage mainly tells us about .?
2.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F).
(1)Floods are the most common cause of deaths during natural disasters in the US. ( )
(2)More than 70 people are killed by tornadoes and hurricanes each year in the US. ( )单元话题导入the danger of lightningTF(3) People pay as much attention to the danger of lightning as that of floods. ( )
(4) If you hear the thunder, you should move indoors right away. ( )
(5)You can crouch down if you can't find shelter in case of lightning. ( )单元话题导入FTT这是本单元的第一课时，包括“热身”和“阅读”两大部分，主要讨论了火山、飓风和地震等自然灾害，并通过一位火山学家的自述引导学生了解自然界的威力，让他们认识到人类只有保护自然才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Know the meanings of the following new words and expressions:
diagram n. 图解；图表；示意图
volcano n. 火山
erupt vi. (指火山)爆发；突然发生
eruption n. 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
hurricane n. 飓风；风暴
questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表三维目标alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边
prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边
equipment n. 设备，装备
appoint vt. 任命；委派
evaluate vt. 评价，评估，估计
burn to the ground 全部焚毁
wave n. 波浪，波涛
vi. & vt. 波动，起伏，挥手三维目标fountain vi. & vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出
n. 喷泉；源泉
absolutely adv. 绝对地
suit n. 一套外衣；套装
v. 适合；使适宜
make one's way (向某地)走(去)；前往
potential n. 潜在性，可能性，潜能
adj. 可能的，潜在的
actual adj. 实在的；实际的三维目标(2) Help the students understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
① I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
② The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.三维目标 (2) Help the students to learn about the powerful natural force — volcano and the work of a volcanologist.
(3) Develop the students' reading abilities.
2. Process and methods
(1) Warming Up
In this section teachers can begin with some pictures of natural disasters and help the students review or learn some expressions about volcanoes and what a volcano is.三维目标(2) Pre-reading
While dealing with this part, teachers had better collect some information about volcanoes or other disasters and get the students to have a general knowledge of volcanoes.
(3) Reading and Comprehending
In this part, teachers may first ask the students to read the text quickly to finish a multiple choice or get the main idea of the passage. Then read the text to answer some detailed questions and discuss how the text is organized.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Get the students to learn to love nature and appreciate nature.
(2) Get the students to learn about some disasters.三维目标【重点】
Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
【难点】
Retell the writer's first sight of Mount Kilauea eruption.重点难点1. In doing Warming Up, help the students to learn about what a volcano is and learn some expressions about volcanoes.
2. During Pre-reading, encourage the students to talk more about volcanoes.
3. While Reading and Comprehending, help the students understand the power of volcano and the work of a volcanologist.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
(1) Read the text fast to find or summarize the main idea of the text; then find or write the main idea for each paragraph.
(2) Read the text carefully to judge some statements about the text; then finish some single-choice questions.Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text.Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空
(2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练
(4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Lead the students to the topic by telling them a story. Then get the students to describe a volcano eruption according to the diagram. After they are familiar with the topic, let them list some other powerful natural forces and discuss the ways human beings protect themselves from the natural forces.新课导入T: Listen to me carefully. I will tell you a story about a strange city. The strange city named Pompeii is a dead city. No one has lived there for nearly two thousand years, yet every year thousands of people travel from distant countries to visit it. It died suddenly in a terrible rain of fire and ash. Tons of hot ash fell on Pompeii, hiding it from sight. For three days the sun didn't break through the clouds of ash in the sky. Then the whole city shook and the buildings fell down. When everything was calm, Pompeii was buried deep. A city disappeared and people there lost their lives too. Can you guess what had happened to the city?新课导入【导入二】
Show some pictures about volcanoes by using the multimedia. Guide the students to talk about this topic.The students can discuss what they see in the pictures, which will make them interested in this topic.新课导入Ⅰ.The text mainly tells us about a (volcanology) exciting job and his first sight of a volcanic (erupt).?
Ⅱ.Read the passage and then write down the main idea for each paragraph.
Para.1: _____________________________________________________________
Para.2: ___________________________________________________课前自主预习Task OneTask OneFast Readingvolcanologist‘seruptionThe writer expresses his love for his job and why he loves it.The writer describes his job and its importance.Para.3:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.4:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.5:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课前自主预习Task OneThe writer describes his first sight of a volcano eruption.The writer describes his first closer look at the crater.The writer states again his love for his job and volcanoes.Ⅰ.Judge the following statements true(T) or false(F).
1.The most important thing about the writer's job is to travel to unusual places and work with people from all over the world. ( )
2.The writer was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 20 years ago. ( )
3.Boiling rock causes more damage than we can imagine when it erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth. ( )课前自主预习Careful ReadingTask TwoFTF4.The eruption of Mount Kilauea was an absolutely fantastic sight on the scene. ( )
5.The writer and two other scientists came to the crater to do the research without any protective clothes. ( )课前自主预习TFⅡ.Read the text and then choose the best answer.
1.What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “…I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.” in the last but one paragraph?
A.He felt much safer at the top while the other two scientists climbed down into the crater.
B.It was his first sight of an eruption.
C.It was the first time for him to watch the crater.
D.Both B and C.课前自主预习[答案] C2.The writer doesn't mind the occasional danger of his job because .?
A.he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world
B.he likes the different ways of working
C.he thinks his job is the most important
D.he is excited about danger and feels alive课前自主预习[答案] D3.As a result of the writer's job, .?
A.many people have been warned to move their homes
B.other scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcano
C.the eruption causes more damage
D.the volcano may be prevented from breaking out课前自主预习[答案] B4.What did not the writer feel and see in his first sight of an eruption?
A.His bed began shaking and he heard a strange sound.
B.His bedroom was as bright as day.
C.Red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the sky.
D.Two scientists lived near the top of Mount Kilauea,where the rocks fell.课前自主预习[答案] DI was appointed 1. a volcanologist twenty years ago. The job is exciting but 2. (occasion) dangerous. I don‘t mind the danger because I help protect ordinary people 3. the volcanoes. What I do is to collect information for a database about Mount Kilauea,4.
active volcano in Hawaii. Having collected and 5. (evaluate) the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.?课前自主预习asoccasionallyfromMicro-writingTask ThreeanevaluatedWhen boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. The reason is 6. no one lives near the top of the Mount Kilauea, where rocks fall. The lava can bury everything in 7. (it) path under the molten rock.?课前自主预习thatitsOnce I was 8. (luck) enough to have a much closer look at the volcano the day after its eruption with two other scientists. We have to wear 9. (protect) suits that covered our whole body. We made 10. way to the edge of the crater and collected some lava for later study. That was my first experience.?课前自主预习luckyprotectiveour1 equipment n.设备,装备
(教材P34)…sometimes using scientific equipment…, I am never bored.
……有时(工作中)要用科学仪器……,我从来不感到工作无聊。课堂互动探究词汇点睛(1)equip vt. 装备,使有能力
equip…with… 用……装备起来/使具备……
(2)be equipped with 装备着……
be equipped for 具备……的条件/能力课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)After a fire in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后,大量的设备被毁坏了。(equipment是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数)
(2)We'll equip our office with word processors.
我们将在办公室配备文字处理机。课堂互动探究(3)Our school has been given .?
我们学校得到了一些赠送的新设备。
(4)All these rooms video cameras.?
这些房间里都装备了摄像机。some new equipmentare equipped with2 appoint vt.任命;委派
(教材P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)twenty years ago.20年前,作为一名火山专家,我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。课堂互动探究(1)appoint…as… 把……指定/确定为……
appoint sb to sth 任命某人某职位
appoint sb to do sth 任命某人做……课堂互动探究(2)appointment n. (不可数)指派,任命;(可数)指派的工作,职位
break an/one's appointment 违约,失约
keep an/one's appointment 守约
make/fix an appointment with sb 与某人约会
have an appointment with sb 和某人有约会
(3)appointed adj. 指派的;约定的;指定的【活学活用】
(1)My uncle was appointed (as) sales manager last month.
上个月我叔叔被任命为销售经理。
(2)To our surprise, he arrived far before the appointed time.
让我们惊讶的是,他比指定的时间早到了很多。
(3)They a high office.?他们委任她担任高级职务。
(4)You'd better not .?
你最好不要失约。课堂互动探究appointed her tobreak your appointment3 wave n.波浪,波涛 vi.& vt.波动,起伏,挥手
(教材P34)The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.
像波浪一样顺着山坡缓缓流下的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多,这是因为岩浆所流经的地方,一切都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)a wave of… 一轮……的
make waves 兴风作浪
(2)wave goodbye to 向……挥手告别
wave sb to do sth 招手让……做某事
wave to/at sb=give sb a wave 向某人挥手【活学活用】
(1)She is watching the waves breaking the rocks.她正在看海浪拍打岩石。
(2)He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时, 他向我们挥了挥手。
(3)The policeman to stop.?警察招手让司机把车停下来。
(4)The hospital staff were outside to welcome him, flags and applauding.?
医院的工作人员都在外面一边挥动旗子一边鼓掌欢迎他。课堂互动探究waved the driverwaving4 absolutely adv.绝对地
(教材P34)It was an absolutely fantastic sight.
真是绝妙的奇景。课堂互动探究(1)absolutely not 当然不,绝不(常用于口语中的答语)
absolutely no/nothing = none/nothing at all 一点儿也没有
(2)absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的(complete; total); 确实的;纯粹的
(3)completely adv. 完全地;(in an absolute sense)绝对地;极其【活学活用】
(1)—Can I leave a little earlier?
—Absolutely not.
“我早走一会儿,可以吗?”“绝对不行。”
(2)In absolute terms, wages have risen, but not in comparison with the cost of living.
从绝对意义上说,工资是提高了,但同生活费用相比较就不能这么说了。
(3)She is singer.?她绝对是一位著名的歌唱家。
(4)We have you.?我们完全信任你。课堂互动探究an absolutely famousabsolute trust in5 suit n.一套外衣;套装 v.适合;使适宜
(教材P34)We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.
我们都穿上了白色的防护服遮住全身,戴上了头盔和特别的手套,还穿了双大靴子。课堂互动探究(1)suit oneself 随自己的意愿行事
It suits/suited sb to do sth. 某人适合做某事。
(2)suitable adj. 适合的;适宜的;相配的
be suitable for sb/sth 适于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事【活学活用】
(1)She is dressed in her best suit.
她穿着自己最好的套装。
(2)It doesn't suit her to have her hair cut short.
她不适合剪短发。
(3)He can suit his conversation whoever he is with.?
(4)If you want to put the meeting off on Friday, that suits me.
=If you want to put the meeting off on Friday, that is me. (suit)?课堂互动探究tosuitable for6 potential n.潜在性,可能性,潜能 adj.可能的,潜在的
(教材P35)Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
虽然现在我从事火山研究已经很多年了,但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它们那潜在的巨大破坏力仍然感到惊愕不已。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)potential for… ……的可能性
have/show potential 有/表现出潜力
achieve your potential 发挥你的潜能
(2)potentially adv. 潜在地,可能地【活学活用】
(1)This new invention has an enormous sale potential.
这项新发明有巨大的销售潜力。
(2)The potential market of mobile phone games is very large.
手机游戏的潜在市场巨大。
(3)There are , to which you should be alert.?
有两种潜在的危险因素你应该警觉。
(4)You must for better performance.?
你必须发挥你的潜力才能表现得更好。课堂互动探究achieve your potentialtwo potential dangers7 actual adj.实在的;实际的
(教材P35)Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption?
为什么从基拉韦厄火山流下的岩浆比真正的火山喷发还要危险?课堂互动探究(1)in actual fact=really 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上
(2)actually adv. 实在地;实际地;事实上【活学活用】
(1)All actual objects are concrete.
一切实际存在的物体都是具体的。
(2)The of repairs was a lot less than we had expected.?
实际的维修开支比我们预期的要低得多。
(3) , he is just a recent graduate experiencing the real world for the first time.?
实际上,他只是一个刚毕业首次体验现实世界的毕业生。课堂互动探究actual costActually1 burn to the ground 全部焚毁
(教材P34)Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.
遗憾的是,我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经的地方,因此,许多房屋被熔岩淹没,或者焚烧殆尽。课堂互动探究短语储存课堂互动探究burn down 把……烧成平地
burn up (因热度过高)烧坏;烧毁;燃得更旺
burn out 烧尽;烧完
burn…to death 烧死
burn one's money 把钱挥霍掉
burn oneself out 耗尽精力,精疲力竭【活学活用】
(1)The village was burned to the ground during the war.
这个村庄在战乱中被烧毁了。
(2)He has burned himself out after long hard work.
长时间的艰苦工作使他筋疲力尽。
(3)He has no place to live in because his house has been .?
他无处栖身,因为他的房子被烧毁了。课堂互动探究burned to the ground(4)The fire was cheerfully in the grate.?
壁炉里的火烧得更旺了。
(5)Without the control of his parents, the gambler in a week.?
没有家长的管控,那个赌徒一周之内把他的钱挥霍一空。课堂互动探究burning upburned his money2 make one's way (向某地)走(去);前往
(教材P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
穿着这些衣服走起路来不容易,但我们还是缓缓地往火山口的边缘走去,并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)make one's way to 向……前进
feel one's way 摸索前进
find one's way 找到路,设法到达
fight one's way 奋勇前进
lose one's way 迷路
wind one‘s way 蜿蜒前进课堂互动探究(2)make way (for) (给)让路,让位
find a way out 找到出路
in a way 在某方面;在某种程
度上
out of the way 不挡道;不碍事
in the/one's way 挡道;妨碍人课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)As soon as he finished his work, he made his way home.
他一完成工作就回家了。
(2)I shall make way for a younger man.
我将把职位/位置让给一个更年轻的人。
(3)The river between the two villages.?
这条河在两个村庄之间蜿蜒前进。winds its way课堂互动探究(4)So long as you work hard with a strong will, you can in life.?
只要你努力工作,意志坚强,你的人生就会勇往直前。
(5)Please move your car—it's .?
请您挪一下车——车挡道了。make your wayin the/my way1 (教材P34)I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
be about to do sth…when…即将……这时……课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“be about to do sth…when…”是个常用句型,意为“即将……这时……”。含有when的其他常用句型:
(1)be doing…when…正在……这时……
(2)be on the point of doing…when…即将……这时……
(3)had just done…when…刚刚……这时……
(4)had hardly/scarcely done…when…刚刚……这时……,一……就……课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)I was about to call him when he came himself.
我正要给他打电话,这时他自己来了。
(2)Tom was fishing by the river when someone called for help.
汤姆正在河边钓鱼,就在这时有人求救。
(3)They set out for their destination it began to rain.?
他们即将动身去目的地,这时天开始下雨。were about towhen课堂互动探究(4)He was going swimming in the river when the guide stopped him.?
他正要去河里游泳,突然导游制止了他。
(5)She home from shopping when her friend came to visit her.?
她刚刚购物回到家里这时她的朋友来拜访她。on the point ofhad hardly/scarcely returned2 (教材P35)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两个人爬下火山口去收集日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
独立主格结构课堂互动探究【归纳拓展】句中的“this being my first experience”是独立主格结构,相当于原因状语从句“because this was my first experience”。
(1)构成:名词/主格代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/形容词/副词。
(2)功能:作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等状语,通常可转换成状语从句。
(3)特性:意义上相当于一个句子,但就结构而言并非如此(没有谓语)。
(4)注意事项:①在该结构中的过去分词常常表示其前的名词或代词被动完成的动作;不定式常常表示将来要发生的动作;②名词或代词与后面的现在分词、形容词、介词短语、副词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系;③独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)The man lay there, his hands trembling.
那人躺在那里,双手发抖。
(2)The lecture having been given, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
演讲结束后,气氛热烈的问答环节随之而来。
(3) , we have decided to go for a picnic.?
天气很好,我们决定去野餐。The weather being fine课堂互动探究(4)He sleeps every night, .?
他每天晚上开着窗睡觉。
(5) , she couldn't see any words on the blackboard.?
由于她戴的眼镜坏了,她看不清黑板上的字。his/the windows openHer glasses broken这是本单元的第二课时，包括“语言学习”和“语言运用”两大部分，旨在帮助学生理解、运用这两部分中的生词，并通过听、说、读的方式继续学习、了解与自然灾害相关的内容，训练语言综合运用能力。1. Knowledge and skills
(1)Understand the meanings of the following words and phrases and learn about how to use them：
precious adj. 贵重的，珍贵的
unconscious adj. 失去知觉的，未察觉的
shoot vt. 射中，射伤
tremble vi. 摇晃，摇动，颤抖
anxious adj. 忧患的，担心的；渴望的三维目标panic vt. & vi. 惊慌，恐慌
n. 惊慌
appreciation n. 感谢，感激，欣赏
guarantee vt. 保证；担保
glance through 匆匆看一遍，浏览
vary from…to… 由……到……不等三维目标(2) Get the students to understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
① Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.
② It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.三维目标2. Process and methods
(1) Offer some explanations and examples to help the students understand the meanings of the above words and expressions, and then do some exercises to help the students master their usages.
(2) Read for specific information.
(3) Use a task-based teaching approach and a cooperative-communication approach.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Develop the students' sense of cooperation.
(2) Help the students learn how to appreciate and protect our environment.三维目标【重点】
Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
【难点】
Learn how to describe a nature reserve.重点难点In this unit many expressions about disasters and environment have been learned. The teachers had better ask the students to write a short passage about a terrible disaster they have experienced or have seen in a film to go over what they have learned.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
Read the text fast to finish the first three questions in Exercise 1 on Page 39.
Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
(1) Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text. (2) Read the text carefully and finish the last two questions in Exercise 1 on Page 39.
Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空 (2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练 (4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Show the students a beautiful picture about the Lake of Heaven. Ask some questions：
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. Do you have any opinions about it?新课导入【导入二】
T: Have you ever been to some natural sceneries? Now let's look at some pictures of some natural sceneries.新课导入1 shoot vt.射中,射伤 n.芽,苗,嫩枝
(教材P37)She was shot.她被击中了。课堂互动探究词汇点睛(1)shoot at 向……射击/开枪
shoot… in the leg/head, etc. 打中……的腿/头等
(2)shot n. 射击,射门
take a shot at… 朝……射击【活学活用】
(1)He shot at the bird with his gun, but missed it.
他用枪打鸟,但没有打中。
(2)In early spring, we could see the shoots appearing on the bushes.
早春时节,我们能看到嫩芽从树丛上萌发。
(3)The hunter in the leg.?猎人打中了狼的腿。
(4)Three robbers were .?
三名抢劫者被击毙。课堂互动探究shot the wolfshot dead2 anxious adj.忧患的,担心的;渴望的
(教材P38)I was so anxious and couldn't move at first.
起初我非常担心,并且不能动了。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be anxious for/about 为……担心/忧虑
be anxious/eager to do sth/for sth 渴望(做)某事
be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that sb (should) do sth 渴望某人做某事
(2)anxiously adv. 焦虑地,忧虑地
anxiety n. 担心,焦虑,渴望【活学活用】
(1)Her parents are anxious about her health.
她的父母为她的健康担心。
?(2)She is anxious to find a better job.
她渴望找到一份更好的工作。
(3)The boy a personal computer.?
那个男孩渴望得到一台个人电脑。课堂互动探究is anxious for(4)They aid should be sent there at once.?
他们盼望援助物资立刻送到那儿。
(5)We waited for the news of her safe arrival.?
我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。课堂互动探究are anxious thatanxiously/with anxiety3 panic vt.& vi.(使)惊慌,恐慌 n.惊慌
(教材P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.
我感到非常紧张,而我又不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)panic sb into doing sth 使某人仓促地做某事
panic over/about/at sth 对某事感到惊慌
(2)get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态
in a state of panic 惊恐万分
cause a panic 引起恐慌
be in (a) panic 处在恐慌中【活学活用】
(1)The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.
人群听到枪声感到惊慌。
(2)Rumours panicked many investors into selling their shares.
谣言使许多投资者感到恐慌而仓促抛售股票。
(3)He the unexpected danger.?他对出乎意料的危险感到惊慌。
(4)She when she thought her son might be lost.?
当她想到儿子可能会迷路时,她顿时惊慌起来。课堂互动探究panicked overgot into a panic4 appreciation n.感谢,感激,欣赏
(教材P39)However, the attraction that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.
然而,保护区里最值得欣赏的地方则是天池,或者说是天堂之湖。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)in appreciation of 为感谢……
have an appreciation of 对……欣赏
show/express one's appreciation for 因……表示感谢
(2)appreciate vt. 感激,欣赏,赏识
I would appreciate it if… 如果……,我将感激不尽。【活学活用】
(1)The key to the book's success is Mo Yan's appreciation of society.
这本书成功的关键是莫言能够理解社会。
(2)She has much appreciation of classical music.她对古典音乐很有欣赏力。
(3)I wish to for your kindness.?
我希望对你的好意表示我的感激。
(4)Please accept this gift all you've done for us.?
承蒙鼎力相助,不胜感激,谨备薄礼,敬请笑纳。课堂互动探究express my appreciationin appreciation of5 guarantee vt.保证;向某人担保 n.保证(书),担保,抵押品;保修单
(教材P39)…don't forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
……别忘了许个愿,以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)under guarantee 在保修期内
(2)guarantee sth 保证某事
guarantee sth+adj. 保证某事是……
guarantee to do sth 保证做某事
guarantee that… 保证……
guarantee sb sth= guarantee sth to sb 向某人保证某事【活学活用】
(1)The rain guarantees(=promises) a good crop this year.
这场雨保证了今年有好收成。
(2)They guaranteed to arrive here within an hour.
他们保证在一个小时之内到达这里。
(3)The car is less than a year old, and therefore is still .?
这辆汽车用了不到一年,因此仍在保修期内。
(4)The car club couldn‘t the demands of all its members.?家汽车俱乐部无法满足所有成员的要求。课堂互动探究under guaranteeguarantee to meet/satisfy1 glance through 匆匆看一遍,浏览
(教材P39)Glance through these questions.
浏览一遍这些问题。课堂互动探究短语储存课堂互动探究(1)glance at 看一下
glance down 朝下一看/俯身一瞥
glance off 擦过,掠过
glance over 粗略一看
(2)at a glance = at the first glance 乍看,初看
give/take a glance at 匆匆看一下……课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)She glanced through some magazines while she was waiting for the doctor.
她在等医生的时候浏览了几本杂志。
(2)The bullet glanced off his helmet.
这颗子弹掠过他的头盔。
(3)He the list of names briefly.?
他草草地看了一遍名单。glanced over课堂互动探究(4)He just the headlines because he was too busy to read the whole newspaper.?
他只是浏览了新闻标题,因为他太忙了,无法阅读整份报纸。
(5) , the place seemed deserted.?
乍一看,这地方好像被废弃了。glanced throughAt a glance/At the first glance2 vary from…to… 由 …… 到…… 不等
(教材P39)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
这里的海拔高度从700米到2000米不等,是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)variety n. 种类
a variety of (= various=all kinds of) 各种各样的
variety store 杂货店/铺
(2)various adj. 各种各样的
(3)vary with… 随……而变化
vary in size/colour 大小/颜色不一样
vary between…and… 由……到……不等【活学活用】
(1)I'd like to buy two pairs of shoes which vary in colour.我想买两双颜色不一样的鞋。
(2)Demand for certain products varies with the seasons.
某些产品的需求随季节而变化。
(3)These buildings from 100 metres to 300 metres.?
这些建筑物的高度从100 米到300米不等。课堂互动探究vary in height(4)This programme contains amusements.?
这项计划含有各种各样的娱乐活动。
(5)Customs the times.?
习俗随时代而变化。课堂互动探究a variety ofvary with1 (教材P37)Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.
听到尖叫声,我匆忙冲下楼,却看见女主人躺在地板上不省人事,客人们围在她周围。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
only to do…作结果状语课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“only to see…”属于不定式短语,用作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果。现在分词作结果状语则表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果,这时其前可加thus。另外,充当结果的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语,而是句子的内容或部分内容。【活学活用】
(1)Tom hurried to the ticket office, only to find the tickets had been sold out.
汤姆匆忙赶到售票处,结果发现票已经销售一空。
(2)People play football all over the world, causing it famous. 全世界的人都在踢足球,结果使得它出名了。
(3)He hurried home, had been left in the office.?
他匆忙回到家,结果发现钥匙忘在了办公室里。课堂互动探究only to find his keys(4)The flight crashed on its first journey, on board.?
这班飞机第一次飞行就坠毁了,结果导致机上数百名乘客丧命。
(5)George returned after the war, .?
乔治在战后返回了家乡,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开他了。课堂互动探究killing hundreds of passengersonly to be told that his wife had left him2 (教材P39)It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
It is said that…据说……课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“It is said that…”属于常用结构:“It is/was+过去分词+that从句”。其中的代词it用作形式主语,代指that引导的主语从句。常用于此结构的动词还有:report,know,believe,decide,expect,hope,suggest等。此结构可转换成:“从句主语+is/was+过去分词+to do sth/to have done sth”。但是hope,suggest不适用于转换以后的结构。【活学活用】
(1)It is said that a new bus line will be open next month.
=A new bus line is said to be open next month.
据说一条新的公共汽车路线将于下月开通。
(2)It has been proved that eating more vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.
孩童时期多吃蔬菜有助于保护你以后免受严重疾病的困扰,这已经得到证实。
(3) that the air in the countryside is clearer than that in the city.?人们认为乡下的空气要比城市里的更清新。课堂互动探究It's believed/thought/known(4) that the 3-D film Titanic can be more popular with audience.?
人们期望3D版《泰坦尼克号》更受广大观众的欢迎。
(5) 300 million people in China have eyesight trouble.?
据报道中国3亿人口视力有问题。课堂互动探究It is expectedIt is reported that这是本单元的第三课时，主要复习“the -ing form”用作状语，包括其各种形式以及相应的功能。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Master the usage of the -ing form.
(2) Practise the -ing form.
2. Process and methods
(1) Let the students pick out the sentences with the -ing form used as the adverbial in the passage and ask them to translate them into Chinese to understand them.三维目标(2) Offer the students more examples to compare and help them discover the structure of the -ing form used as the adverbial.
(3) Do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 37 to master the usage of the -ing form used as the adverbial.
(4) Summarize the -ing form used as the adverbial with the students together.
(5) Do more exercises for consolidation.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Stimulate students' interest in learning English grammar.
(2) Develop students' ability to compare and summarize.三维目标【重点】
Master and learn to use the -ing form.
【难点】
How to use the -ing form.重点难点The teachers should offer the students enough examples and exercises to understand and practise the -ing form.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Revision
Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of the first two periods.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this grammar item.
Step Ⅲ. Presentation
Select suitable examples and show concise instructions to the students as a presentation of the usage of the -ing form.Step Ⅳ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 句型转换
(2) 单句语法填空
(3) 完成句子
(4) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅴ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅵ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Examine the sentences below and tell the similarity and differences between these two sentences：
Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.
Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.新课导入The -ing form can be used as an adverbial in a sentence to give information about time, reasons or results. We use the construction “having ＋ past participle” form to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by the main verb.
【导入二】
Ask the students to study the following sentences and translate them into Chinese. Then ask them to explain the form of their verbs.新课导入1. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
2. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.
3. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.新课导入4. Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I'm still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
Tell the students that the above sentences are with the -ing form and discuss it with them. Then ask the students to think over the question: What have we learned about the -ing form？新课导入动词-ing形式用作状语
一、动词-ing的基本形式
1.动词-ing的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行,其形式为:doing。
2.动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了,其形式为:having done。
3.动词-ing的否定式:not+doing/having done。语法归纳4.动词-ing的被动式:
(1)动词-ing的一般式的被动式:being done;
(2)动词-ing的完成式的被动式:having been done。
Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work.
进屋以后,她看到人人都在工作。
Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden.
打扫完房间后,我们开始除花园里的草。语法归纳Not having mastered the way of studying, I didn't get a good result.
因为没有掌握学习的方法,我没有得到好成绩。
Not having heard from her for a long time, he decided to phone her.
由于很久没有收到她的来信,他决定给她打电话。
Being asked to give a performance, they are busy preparing for it.
有人要求他们表演节目,他们正在忙于准备节目。
Having been given another chance, they decided to make good use of it.
又被给了一个机会,他们决定好好利用它。语法归纳二、动词-ing作状语的基本用法
1.表示时间
动词-ing在句中作时间状语,可对应转化为when,after等引导的时间状语从句。
Having made full preparations (= After we have made full preparations), we are ready for the examination.做了充分的准备之后,我们准备参加考试。
Hearing the result (= When I heard the result), I couldn't help jumping.
听到这个结果,我情不自禁地跳了起来。语法归纳2.表示原因
动词-ing在句中作原因状语,可对应转化为as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。
Being ill (= As he was ill), he was sent to hospital.
由于生病了,他被送去了医院。
Having lived in this city many years (= Since I had lived in this city many years), I knew it well.
因为在这个城市住了多年,所以我对它很了解。语法归纳3.表示伴随或方式
动词-ing作伴随或方式状语,说明动作发生的背景或情况,它表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生。作伴随或方式的动词-ing短语相当于and连接的并列成分。
The girls came into the classroom, singing and dancing (= and they sang and danced).
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time (= and stared at the sky for a long time).
他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。语法归纳语法归纳4.表示条件(一般位于句首)
动词-ing作条件状语相当于if,once等引导的条件状语从句。
Working hard at your lessons (= If you work hard at your lessons), you will succeed.
如果你努力学习,你就会成功的。
Not making good use of the time (= If you don't make good use of the time), you'll regret.
如果不好好利用时间,你会后悔的。5.表示让步
动词-ing作让步状语,相当于though,although等引导的让步状语从句。
Knowing all this (= Although they knew all this), they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。
Having made up my mind to study (= Though I had made up my mind to study), I still wanted to play.尽管我已下定决心学习,但我仍然想玩。语法归纳6.表示结果
动词-ing作结果状语表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。
His father died, leaving him a lot of money (= and left him a lot of money).
他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。语法归纳三、深化点拨
1.动词-ing 作状语时,在其前可加when, while, once, as/so long as, unless, before, after, since, until, though, although, as if/though, even if/though 等。
He fell asleep while reading.他看书时睡着了。
While crossing the road, you can't be too careful.
过马路时,你再小心也不为过。语法归纳Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. =Though they lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university.
尽管他父母缺钱,但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。
2.独立主格结构:
动词-ing 形式在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则要在动词-ing 形式前加上自身的逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。语法归纳Weather permitting, we will go out to have a picnic.天气允许的话,我们会出去野餐。
Time running out, we have to leave.
快没时间了,我们必须离开。
3.动词-ing 形式与动词-ed 形式作状语时的区别:
动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语为句子的主语,且它们之间为主动关系;而动词-ed作状语时,其逻辑主语为句子的主语,它们之间为被动关系。语法归纳Arriving at the airport, he saw his guest walking out.
他一到达机场,就看见客人正走出来。
Completed last month, the project has begun to benefit people around here.
这个工程上个月完工,它已经开始使周围的人受益。
4.独立分词作状语
有些动词-ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,表明说话者的态度观点等,被称为评论性状语。常见的有:语法归纳generally speaking 一般说来
strictly speaking 严格说来
judging from/by 根据……来判断
considering…/taking…into consideration 考虑到
supposing 假设;如果
providing 如果
assuming 假使语法归纳【活学活用】
Ⅰ.句型转换(请用v.-ing形式或v.-ed形式合并下列句子)
1.He got up late and hurried to his office, he left his breakfast untouched.
→ He got up late and hurried to his office, .?
2.Because I was asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
→ , I missed a wonderful film.?语法归纳leaving his breakfast untouchedHaving been asked to work overtime that evening3.We stood in a long queue and waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.
→ , we waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.?
4.If you base your decision more on emotion than on reason, you'll regret it sooner or later.
→ , you'll regret it sooner or later.?语法归纳Standing in a long queueBasing your decision more on emotion than on reason5.Standing on the platform, Professor Li kept silent for a moment, and his eyes were fixed on the audience below.
→ Standing on the platform, Professor Li kept silent for a moment,
.?
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (look) at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.?
2. (tell)many times, he finally understood it.?语法归纳his eyes fixed on the audience belowLookingHaving been told语法归纳3.It rained heavily in the south, (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.?
4. (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.?
5.The lawyer listened with full attention, (try) not to miss any point.?causingHaving waitedtrying应用文写作之演讲致辞
在一些正式场合接待客人时, 主人一般要说一些热情友好的话表示欢迎, 使客人感到“宾至如归”, 这就叫欢迎致辞;当客人逗留一段时间准备离开时, 主人会设宴欢送, 宾主欢聚一堂, 并致祝愿, 这时主人说的一些话就叫欢送致辞。根据致辞的目的, 发言稿可分为宣讲类和欢迎(送)类。此类写作在结构安排上可分为如下三个部分:基础写作知识第一部分:称谓(对听众或与会者的称呼)。如:Comrades, Friends, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear fellow students, Boys and girls, Good afternoon, everyone…
第二部分:导语及正文。正文部分明确介绍欢迎或欢送的对象, 简单介绍其身份、经历, 客人在逗留期间进行了哪些活动等。
第三部分:结束语。结束语常用“That's all.” “Thank you!” “Thank you for your listening/attention.”等。基础写作知识1. 欢迎辞常用语:
(1)We are glad to have a chance to get together with…
(2)We feel greatly honoured to have a chance to be with…
(3)Let's give our warm welcome to…
(4)Thank you for your accepting our invitation to come to…
(5)First of all, allow me on behalf of sb to do sth…基础写作知识2. 欢送辞常用语:
(1)In bidding farewell to sb…
(2)To convey our profound friendship to sb…
(3)To convey our best regards and respects to sb…
(4)To wish sb a pleasant journey home and good health…
(5)May the friendship between…be further developed!基础写作知识【例】 感恩是我们生活中永恒的话题。假设你校正在举行一场有关“感恩”的演讲比赛, 请你在父母、老师、朋友中选择一个感恩对象, 写一篇英语演讲稿参加比赛, 内容包括:
1. 为何感恩;
2. 如何感恩。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 开头与结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。基础写作知识Good afternoon, everyone! It's a great honour to have the opportunity to be with you today. The topic of my speech is________________________
Thank you for listening. 基础写作知识[参考范文]
Good afternoon, everyone! It's a great honour to have the opportunity to be with you today. The topic of my speech is “Thank you, Mum.”Like many of you, my life has been blessed with my mum. While my mum is an ordinary housewife, I appreciate her kind consideration. Whenever I get upset, she listens to me and comforts me until I have cheered up. I'm fortunate to have such a caring mother. ?基础写作知识The challenging exam is there for you and me. I appeal to all of us to work hard for our mums. Meanwhile, express your love in return. Either a small talk with Mum or a cup of tea for her, and her face will light up.
Thank you for listening.?基础写作知识【及时演练】
假如你校要举办一次主题为“How to communicate with your parents”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,要点如下:
1. 尊重并信任父母;2. 常与父母聊天;3. 换位思考问题。注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 行文必须符合演讲稿的格式。
参考词汇:换位思考put oneself into one's shoes
How to communicate with your parents基础写作知识基础写作知识One possible version:
How to communicate with your parents
Hello, everyone. I'd like to share with you my ideas about this topic.
Parents are the people who love us most, so it's neccessary to keep a good relationship with them. Here are my ideas on how to make it easier to communicate with parents.
Firstly, we should respect and trust our parents. Don't be rude to them even if they have done something wrong. They have more experience基础写作知识and always try their best to protect us from dangers. Secondly, if we often talk with them about our life and experience, we will know each other better. Thirdly, if sometimes we don't agree with our parents' decision, we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them.
Thank you for listening.介绍旅游景点
【写作点拨】
1.概念:介绍名胜古迹,属于介绍类说明文。
2.内容安排:
第一段:总括名胜古迹的基本概况。
第二段:按照一定的顺序全方位介绍该名胜,其内容包括地理位置、面积、景点布局、历史文化,旅游路线等。
第三段:适当抒发感情,使读者有身临其境的感觉。单元话题写作3.语言特征:
(1)一般按空间顺序或时间顺序描写景物;(2)语言整体的描述中含有抒情的特点。
4.注意事项:
(1)介绍景物要客观;(2)描述要详略得当,重点突出;(3)要做到行文连贯,自然有条理。
【词句模板】
亮点句式:
1.It is one of the biggest/longest/widest…单元话题写作2.It is the biggest nature reserve in China.
3.It is the highest peak of the world.
4.It is one of the oldest places in the world.
5.It lies in/on/to the west/east/north/south of…
6.It is located in…
7.It covers an area of 2,000 square kilometres.
8.It has an area of…单元话题写作9.You can/may go there on foot/by…
10.You'd better go there on foot/by…
?11.Some people go there to…and others to…
12.If you are lucky enough, you may also…单元话题写作【活学活用】
假如你是李华,请你根据下表内容为某英文报社投稿,介绍一下伦敦。
要求:词数80左右。单元话题写作单元话题写作单元话题写作One possible version:
Dear Editor,
London is a capital city full of art and history, an important political centre and a huge financial market place.
The Square Mile is the oldest part of London, where not many people live, but 300,000 people work every day.West End is the busy shopping and entertainment district while East End contains the Port of London, which is historically the place where many immigrants first arrived.Since单元话题写作the Olympics were successfully held in 2012 there, the local people hope that housing, education and employment for many people in this area will improve.
It is difficult to describe London in every aspect, for the city is made up of a collection of villages, each area with its own character and community.
Yours,
Li Hua1. n.火山→ adj.火山的→ n.火山学→
n.火山学家?
2. vi.(火山)爆发,突然发生→ n.(火山、战争等)爆发?
3. n.设备,装备→ vt.给……配备,装备?
4. vt.任命,委派→ n.任命,约定,约会?
5. vt.评估,评价,估计→ n.评估,评价,估价?
6. adj.绝对的,完全的→ adv.绝对地,完全地?单元知识回眸重点单词volcanovolcanicvolcanologyvolcanologisterupteruptionequipmentequipappointappointmentevaluateevaluationabsoluteabsolutely7. n.太空,空间,距离→ n.宇航员,航天专家→ n.宇宙飞船?
8. vt.& n.适合,使适宜,套装→ adj.适当的,相配的?
9. adj.真实的,实际的,现行的→ adv.事实上,实际上→
adv.真实地,真正地,真的吗?
10. n.恐吓,威胁→ vt.威胁,要挟,恐吓→ n.惊吓,惊骇→ vt.& vi.使惊恐,害怕?
11. n.小说家→ n.小说?单元知识回眸spacespacemanspaceshipsuitsuitableactualactuallyreallythreatthreatenfrightfrightennovelistnovel12. n.雾→ adj.有雾的,模糊的,朦胧的?
13. adj.不舒服的,不舒适的→ adj.舒服的,舒心的→ n.& vt.舒适,安慰,使缓和?
14. adj.失去知觉的,未察觉的→ adj.有意识的,神志清醒的→ n.意识,知觉,觉悟?
15. adj.焦虑的,渴望的,担忧的→ n.焦虑,渴望,挂念?
16. vt.& vi.改编,使多样化,变化→ n.变化,多样性,品种→
adj.各种各样的,多方面的?单元知识回眸foggyuncomfortablefogcomfortablecomfortunconscious consciousconsciousnessanxiousanxietyvaryvarietyvarious17. adj.多种多样的,不同的→ n.多种多样,多样性?
18. vi.给……洗澡,游泳→ n.沐浴,浴盆?
19. n.欣赏,感激,感谢→ vt.欣赏,感激?
20. n.信服,说服→ vt.劝说,说服→ adj.有说服力的,劝说的,劝诱的?单元知识回眸diversitybathediversebathappreciationappreciatepersuasionpersuadepersuasive1.与某人分享/分担…… ?
2.保护……免受…… ?
3.装备着…… ?
4.把……指定/确定为…… ?
5.向……挥手告别 ?
6.弥天大谎 ?单元知识回眸重点短语share…with sbprotect…from…be equipped withappoint…as…wave goodbye toan absolute lie7.适合于某人/某物 ?
8.全部焚毁 ?
9.(向某地)走(去);前往 ?
10.向……射击/开枪 ?
11.因……而发抖,焦虑不安 ?
12.为某人担心/忧虑 ?单元知识回眸be suitable for sb/sthburn to the groundmake one's wayshoot attremble withbe anxious about sb13.陷入恐慌状态 ?
14.匆匆看一遍,浏览 ?
15.由……到……不等 ?单元知识回眸get into a panic glance throughvary from…to…1. , I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后,我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将流向何处,流速是多少。?
2. suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.?
我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。单元知识回眸重点句式Having collected and evaluated the informationI was about to go back to sleep when3.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but , I stayed at the top and watched them.?
另外两个人爬下火山口去收集日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。
4.Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs________________________________
_______________________, surrounded by her guests.?听到尖叫声,我匆忙冲下楼,却看见女主人躺在地板上不省人事,客人们围在她周围。单元知识回眸 only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floorthis being my first experience5. this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.?
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。单元知识回眸It is said that动词-ing形式用作状语。单元知识回眸单元语法如何介绍旅游景点。单元知识回眸单元写作 [导读] 相信你一定知道火山是世界上的一大奇观,那你知道火山是怎样形成的吗?延伸拓展阅读There are thousands of volcanoes all over the world.What makes volcanoes? What happens?
The inside of the earth is very hot.Because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice.It has become liquid, like water.It is always boiling, like water in a kettle.If you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out.The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out.Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.延伸拓展阅读But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak.Sometimes a crack (a small opening)appears.(1)The hot melted rock, which we call “lava”, pushes up through the crack and bursts through①.Steam and gas shoot up② into the air and the hot melted lava pours out.Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.
After a while the volcano becomes quiet again.The melted lava becomes hard.Later the same thing happens again and again.Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes延伸拓展阅读hard.(2)In this way a kind of mountain is built up③, with a hole down the middle.Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet and no more lava will burst out.Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.
【注】 ①burst through冲破,突破
②shoot up迅速上升,猛增
③build up形成,发展延伸拓展阅读【典句赏析】
(1)The hot melted rock, which we call “lava”, pushes up through the crack and bursts through.我们称为火山岩浆的炽热的熔岩向上挤开裂缝并迅猛地喷射出来。
赏析:句中的which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰rock。如:
The new way of communication, which we call We-Chat, is more and more popular among young people.我们称为“微信”的这种新的交流方式在年轻人当中越来越受欢迎。延伸拓展阅读(2)In this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle.通过这种方式,就形成了一种大山,山的中心有一个(大)洞。
赏析:句中的“with a hole down the middle”属于with复合结构“with+n.+prep.…”。如:
We have had a special cake made for her birthday, with a beautiful girl of chocolate in the middle.我们已为她的生日定做了一个特别的蛋糕,中心有一个用巧克力制作的漂亮女孩。延伸拓展阅读
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
? 单元总结提升一提到闪电,相信每个人都会惊异于它的魅力,然而它却是致人死亡的最常见的自然灾害之一。
Last Friday, at least 5 people were killed by lightning in Nepal.
Lightning strikes are the second most common cause of deaths during natural disasters in the US.The first is floods.Around 400 people nationwide are struck by lightning each year, and of
those, seventy people die.That is, more people are
killed by lightning than by tornadoes and hurricanes.单元话题导入单元话题导入Because lightning kills only one or two people at a time, its danger does not receive as much attention as other disasters.
“If you hear the thunder, you are in danger from lightning,” said Rocky Lopes, a disaster educator at the American Red Cross.
“Thunder means that lightning is close enough to hit you at any time, so you should move indoors immediately and stay there until the storm has ended.The most important thing to remember is to seek shelter,” Lopes said.单元话题导入Summer is the peak time for lightning storms, so when lightning strikes across the sky, remember these safety tips:
Stop working, fishing, swimming or playing in open fields.
Do not stand under a tree.
Get off bicycles and motorcycles.
Crouch down (蹲下) if there is no shelter.
Avoid open spaces, wire fences, metal objects and electrical objects such as hairdryers.根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1.This passage mainly tells us about .?
2.Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F).
(1)Floods are the most common cause of deaths during natural disasters in the US. ( )
(2)More than 70 people are killed by tornadoes and hurricanes each year in the US. ( )单元话题导入the danger of lightningTF(3) People pay as much attention to the danger of lightning as that of floods. ( )
(4) If you hear the thunder, you should move indoors right away. ( )
(5)You can crouch down if you can't find shelter in case of lightning. ( )单元话题导入FTT这是本单元的第一课时，包括“热身”和“阅读”两大部分，主要讨论了火山、飓风和地震等自然灾害，并通过一位火山学家的自述引导学生了解自然界的威力，让他们认识到人类只有保护自然才能有效地预防自然灾害并改造和利用自然。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Know the meanings of the following new words and expressions:
diagram n. 图解；图表；示意图
volcano n. 火山
erupt vi. (指火山)爆发；突然发生
eruption n. 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
hurricane n. 飓风；风暴
questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表三维目标alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边
prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边
equipment n. 设备，装备
appoint vt. 任命；委派
evaluate vt. 评价，评估，估计
burn to the ground 全部焚毁
wave n. 波浪，波涛
vi. & vt. 波动，起伏，挥手三维目标fountain vi. & vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出
n. 喷泉；源泉
absolutely adv. 绝对地
suit n. 一套外衣；套装
v. 适合；使适宜
make one's way (向某地)走(去)；前往
potential n. 潜在性，可能性，潜能
adj. 可能的，潜在的
actual adj. 实在的；实际的三维目标(2) Help the students understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
① I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
② The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.三维目标 (2) Help the students to learn about the powerful natural force — volcano and the work of a volcanologist.
(3) Develop the students' reading abilities.
2. Process and methods
(1) Warming Up
In this section teachers can begin with some pictures of natural disasters and help the students review or learn some expressions about volcanoes and what a volcano is.三维目标(2) Pre-reading
While dealing with this part, teachers had better collect some information about volcanoes or other disasters and get the students to have a general knowledge of volcanoes.
(3) Reading and Comprehending
In this part, teachers may first ask the students to read the text quickly to finish a multiple choice or get the main idea of the passage. Then read the text to answer some detailed questions and discuss how the text is organized.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Get the students to learn to love nature and appreciate nature.
(2) Get the students to learn about some disasters.三维目标【重点】
Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
【难点】
Retell the writer's first sight of Mount Kilauea eruption.重点难点1. In doing Warming Up, help the students to learn about what a volcano is and learn some expressions about volcanoes.
2. During Pre-reading, encourage the students to talk more about volcanoes.
3. While Reading and Comprehending, help the students understand the power of volcano and the work of a volcanologist.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
(1) Read the text fast to find or summarize the main idea of the text; then find or write the main idea for each paragraph.
(2) Read the text carefully to judge some statements about the text; then finish some single-choice questions.Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text.Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空
(2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练
(4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Lead the students to the topic by telling them a story. Then get the students to describe a volcano eruption according to the diagram. After they are familiar with the topic, let them list some other powerful natural forces and discuss the ways human beings protect themselves from the natural forces.新课导入T: Listen to me carefully. I will tell you a story about a strange city. The strange city named Pompeii is a dead city. No one has lived there for nearly two thousand years, yet every year thousands of people travel from distant countries to visit it. It died suddenly in a terrible rain of fire and ash. Tons of hot ash fell on Pompeii, hiding it from sight. For three days the sun didn't break through the clouds of ash in the sky. Then the whole city shook and the buildings fell down. When everything was calm, Pompeii was buried deep. A city disappeared and people there lost their lives too. Can you guess what had happened to the city?新课导入【导入二】
Show some pictures about volcanoes by using the multimedia. Guide the students to talk about this topic.The students can discuss what they see in the pictures, which will make them interested in this topic.新课导入Ⅰ.The text mainly tells us about a (volcanology) exciting job and his first sight of a volcanic (erupt).?
Ⅱ.Read the passage and then write down the main idea for each paragraph.
Para.1: _____________________________________________________________
Para.2: ___________________________________________________课前自主预习Task OneTask OneFast Readingvolcanologist‘seruptionThe writer expresses his love for his job and why he loves it.The writer describes his job and its importance.Para.3:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.4:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para.5:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课前自主预习Task OneThe writer describes his first sight of a volcano eruption.The writer describes his first closer look at the crater.The writer states again his love for his job and volcanoes.Ⅰ.Judge the following statements true(T) or false(F).
1.The most important thing about the writer's job is to travel to unusual places and work with people from all over the world. ( )
2.The writer was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 20 years ago. ( )
3.Boiling rock causes more damage than we can imagine when it erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth. ( )课前自主预习Careful ReadingTask TwoFTF4.The eruption of Mount Kilauea was an absolutely fantastic sight on the scene. ( )
5.The writer and two other scientists came to the crater to do the research without any protective clothes. ( )课前自主预习TFⅡ.Read the text and then choose the best answer.
1.What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “…I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.” in the last but one paragraph?
A.He felt much safer at the top while the other two scientists climbed down into the crater.
B.It was his first sight of an eruption.
C.It was the first time for him to watch the crater.
D.Both B and C.课前自主预习[答案] C2.The writer doesn't mind the occasional danger of his job because .?
A.he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world
B.he likes the different ways of working
C.he thinks his job is the most important
D.he is excited about danger and feels alive课前自主预习[答案] D3.As a result of the writer's job, .?
A.many people have been warned to move their homes
B.other scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcano
C.the eruption causes more damage
D.the volcano may be prevented from breaking out课前自主预习[答案] B4.What did not the writer feel and see in his first sight of an eruption?
A.His bed began shaking and he heard a strange sound.
B.His bedroom was as bright as day.
C.Red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the sky.
D.Two scientists lived near the top of Mount Kilauea,where the rocks fell.课前自主预习[答案] DI was appointed 1. a volcanologist twenty years ago. The job is exciting but 2. (occasion) dangerous. I don‘t mind the danger because I help protect ordinary people 3. the volcanoes. What I do is to collect information for a database about Mount Kilauea,4.
active volcano in Hawaii. Having collected and 5. (evaluate) the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.?课前自主预习asoccasionallyfromMicro-writingTask ThreeanevaluatedWhen boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. The reason is 6. no one lives near the top of the Mount Kilauea, where rocks fall. The lava can bury everything in 7. (it) path under the molten rock.?课前自主预习thatitsOnce I was 8. (luck) enough to have a much closer look at the volcano the day after its eruption with two other scientists. We have to wear 9. (protect) suits that covered our whole body. We made 10. way to the edge of the crater and collected some lava for later study. That was my first experience.?课前自主预习luckyprotectiveour1 equipment n.设备,装备
(教材P34)…sometimes using scientific equipment…, I am never bored.
……有时(工作中)要用科学仪器……,我从来不感到工作无聊。课堂互动探究词汇点睛(1)equip vt. 装备,使有能力
equip…with… 用……装备起来/使具备……
(2)be equipped with 装备着……
be equipped for 具备……的条件/能力课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)After a fire in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后,大量的设备被毁坏了。(equipment是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数)
(2)We'll equip our office with word processors.
我们将在办公室配备文字处理机。课堂互动探究(3)Our school has been given .?
我们学校得到了一些赠送的新设备。
(4)All these rooms video cameras.?
这些房间里都装备了摄像机。some new equipmentare equipped with2 appoint vt.任命;委派
(教材P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)twenty years ago.20年前,作为一名火山专家,我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。课堂互动探究(1)appoint…as… 把……指定/确定为……
appoint sb to sth 任命某人某职位
appoint sb to do sth 任命某人做……课堂互动探究(2)appointment n. (不可数)指派,任命;(可数)指派的工作,职位
break an/one's appointment 违约,失约
keep an/one's appointment 守约
make/fix an appointment with sb 与某人约会
have an appointment with sb 和某人有约会
(3)appointed adj. 指派的;约定的;指定的【活学活用】
(1)My uncle was appointed (as) sales manager last month.
上个月我叔叔被任命为销售经理。
(2)To our surprise, he arrived far before the appointed time.
让我们惊讶的是,他比指定的时间早到了很多。
(3)They a high office.?他们委任她担任高级职务。
(4)You'd better not .?
你最好不要失约。课堂互动探究appointed her tobreak your appointment3 wave n.波浪,波涛 vi.& vt.波动,起伏,挥手
(教材P34)The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.
像波浪一样顺着山坡缓缓流下的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多,这是因为岩浆所流经的地方,一切都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)a wave of… 一轮……的
make waves 兴风作浪
(2)wave goodbye to 向……挥手告别
wave sb to do sth 招手让……做某事
wave to/at sb=give sb a wave 向某人挥手【活学活用】
(1)She is watching the waves breaking the rocks.她正在看海浪拍打岩石。
(2)He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时, 他向我们挥了挥手。
(3)The policeman to stop.?警察招手让司机把车停下来。
(4)The hospital staff were outside to welcome him, flags and applauding.?
医院的工作人员都在外面一边挥动旗子一边鼓掌欢迎他。课堂互动探究waved the driverwaving4 absolutely adv.绝对地
(教材P34)It was an absolutely fantastic sight.
真是绝妙的奇景。课堂互动探究(1)absolutely not 当然不,绝不(常用于口语中的答语)
absolutely no/nothing = none/nothing at all 一点儿也没有
(2)absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的(complete; total); 确实的;纯粹的
(3)completely adv. 完全地;(in an absolute sense)绝对地;极其【活学活用】
(1)—Can I leave a little earlier?
—Absolutely not.
“我早走一会儿,可以吗?”“绝对不行。”
(2)In absolute terms, wages have risen, but not in comparison with the cost of living.
从绝对意义上说,工资是提高了,但同生活费用相比较就不能这么说了。
(3)She is singer.?她绝对是一位著名的歌唱家。
(4)We have you.?我们完全信任你。课堂互动探究an absolutely famousabsolute trust in5 suit n.一套外衣;套装 v.适合;使适宜
(教材P34)We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.
我们都穿上了白色的防护服遮住全身,戴上了头盔和特别的手套,还穿了双大靴子。课堂互动探究(1)suit oneself 随自己的意愿行事
It suits/suited sb to do sth. 某人适合做某事。
(2)suitable adj. 适合的;适宜的;相配的
be suitable for sb/sth 适于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事【活学活用】
(1)She is dressed in her best suit.
她穿着自己最好的套装。
(2)It doesn't suit her to have her hair cut short.
她不适合剪短发。
(3)He can suit his conversation whoever he is with.?
(4)If you want to put the meeting off on Friday, that suits me.
=If you want to put the meeting off on Friday, that is me. (suit)?课堂互动探究tosuitable for6 potential n.潜在性,可能性,潜能 adj.可能的,潜在的
(教材P35)Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
虽然现在我从事火山研究已经很多年了,但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它们那潜在的巨大破坏力仍然感到惊愕不已。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)potential for… ……的可能性
have/show potential 有/表现出潜力
achieve your potential 发挥你的潜能
(2)potentially adv. 潜在地,可能地【活学活用】
(1)This new invention has an enormous sale potential.
这项新发明有巨大的销售潜力。
(2)The potential market of mobile phone games is very large.
手机游戏的潜在市场巨大。
(3)There are , to which you should be alert.?
有两种潜在的危险因素你应该警觉。
(4)You must for better performance.?
你必须发挥你的潜力才能表现得更好。课堂互动探究achieve your potentialtwo potential dangers7 actual adj.实在的;实际的
(教材P35)Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption?
为什么从基拉韦厄火山流下的岩浆比真正的火山喷发还要危险?课堂互动探究(1)in actual fact=really 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上
(2)actually adv. 实在地;实际地;事实上【活学活用】
(1)All actual objects are concrete.
一切实际存在的物体都是具体的。
(2)The of repairs was a lot less than we had expected.?
实际的维修开支比我们预期的要低得多。
(3) , he is just a recent graduate experiencing the real world for the first time.?
实际上,他只是一个刚毕业首次体验现实世界的毕业生。课堂互动探究actual costActually1 burn to the ground 全部焚毁
(教材P34)Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.
遗憾的是,我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经的地方,因此,许多房屋被熔岩淹没,或者焚烧殆尽。课堂互动探究短语储存课堂互动探究burn down 把……烧成平地
burn up (因热度过高)烧坏;烧毁;燃得更旺
burn out 烧尽;烧完
burn…to death 烧死
burn one's money 把钱挥霍掉
burn oneself out 耗尽精力,精疲力竭【活学活用】
(1)The village was burned to the ground during the war.
这个村庄在战乱中被烧毁了。
(2)He has burned himself out after long hard work.
长时间的艰苦工作使他筋疲力尽。
(3)He has no place to live in because his house has been .?
他无处栖身,因为他的房子被烧毁了。课堂互动探究burned to the ground(4)The fire was cheerfully in the grate.?
壁炉里的火烧得更旺了。
(5)Without the control of his parents, the gambler in a week.?
没有家长的管控,那个赌徒一周之内把他的钱挥霍一空。课堂互动探究burning upburned his money2 make one's way (向某地)走(去);前往
(教材P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
穿着这些衣服走起路来不容易,但我们还是缓缓地往火山口的边缘走去,并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)make one's way to 向……前进
feel one's way 摸索前进
find one's way 找到路,设法到达
fight one's way 奋勇前进
lose one's way 迷路
wind one‘s way 蜿蜒前进课堂互动探究(2)make way (for) (给)让路,让位
find a way out 找到出路
in a way 在某方面;在某种程
度上
out of the way 不挡道;不碍事
in the/one's way 挡道;妨碍人课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)As soon as he finished his work, he made his way home.
他一完成工作就回家了。
(2)I shall make way for a younger man.
我将把职位/位置让给一个更年轻的人。
(3)The river between the two villages.?
这条河在两个村庄之间蜿蜒前进。winds its way课堂互动探究(4)So long as you work hard with a strong will, you can in life.?
只要你努力工作,意志坚强,你的人生就会勇往直前。
(5)Please move your car—it's .?
请您挪一下车——车挡道了。make your wayin the/my way1 (教材P34)I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
be about to do sth…when…即将……这时……课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“be about to do sth…when…”是个常用句型,意为“即将……这时……”。含有when的其他常用句型:
(1)be doing…when…正在……这时……
(2)be on the point of doing…when…即将……这时……
(3)had just done…when…刚刚……这时……
(4)had hardly/scarcely done…when…刚刚……这时……,一……就……课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)I was about to call him when he came himself.
我正要给他打电话,这时他自己来了。
(2)Tom was fishing by the river when someone called for help.
汤姆正在河边钓鱼,就在这时有人求救。
(3)They set out for their destination it began to rain.?
他们即将动身去目的地,这时天开始下雨。were about towhen课堂互动探究(4)He was going swimming in the river when the guide stopped him.?
他正要去河里游泳,突然导游制止了他。
(5)She home from shopping when her friend came to visit her.?
她刚刚购物回到家里这时她的朋友来拜访她。on the point ofhad hardly/scarcely returned2 (教材P35)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两个人爬下火山口去收集日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
独立主格结构课堂互动探究【归纳拓展】句中的“this being my first experience”是独立主格结构,相当于原因状语从句“because this was my first experience”。
(1)构成:名词/主格代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/形容词/副词。
(2)功能:作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等状语,通常可转换成状语从句。
(3)特性:意义上相当于一个句子,但就结构而言并非如此(没有谓语)。
(4)注意事项:①在该结构中的过去分词常常表示其前的名词或代词被动完成的动作;不定式常常表示将来要发生的动作;②名词或代词与后面的现在分词、形容词、介词短语、副词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系;③独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)The man lay there, his hands trembling.
那人躺在那里,双手发抖。
(2)The lecture having been given, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
演讲结束后,气氛热烈的问答环节随之而来。
(3) , we have decided to go for a picnic.?
天气很好,我们决定去野餐。The weather being fine课堂互动探究(4)He sleeps every night, .?
他每天晚上开着窗睡觉。
(5) , she couldn't see any words on the blackboard.?
由于她戴的眼镜坏了,她看不清黑板上的字。his/the windows openHer glasses broken这是本单元的第二课时，包括“语言学习”和“语言运用”两大部分，旨在帮助学生理解、运用这两部分中的生词，并通过听、说、读的方式继续学习、了解与自然灾害相关的内容，训练语言综合运用能力。1. Knowledge and skills
(1)Understand the meanings of the following words and phrases and learn about how to use them：
precious adj. 贵重的，珍贵的
unconscious adj. 失去知觉的，未察觉的
shoot vt. 射中，射伤
tremble vi. 摇晃，摇动，颤抖
anxious adj. 忧患的，担心的；渴望的三维目标panic vt. & vi. 惊慌，恐慌
n. 惊慌
appreciation n. 感谢，感激，欣赏
guarantee vt. 保证；担保
glance through 匆匆看一遍，浏览
vary from…to… 由……到……不等三维目标(2) Get the students to understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：
① Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.
② It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.三维目标2. Process and methods
(1) Offer some explanations and examples to help the students understand the meanings of the above words and expressions, and then do some exercises to help the students master their usages.
(2) Read for specific information.
(3) Use a task-based teaching approach and a cooperative-communication approach.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Develop the students' sense of cooperation.
(2) Help the students learn how to appreciate and protect our environment.三维目标【重点】
Guide and help the students master the important words, phrases and sentence patterns above.
【难点】
Learn how to describe a nature reserve.重点难点In this unit many expressions about disasters and environment have been learned. The teachers had better ask the students to write a short passage about a terrible disaster they have experienced or have seen in a film to go over what they have learned.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Prevision
(1) Listen to the vocabulary of this period and then read them aloud.
(2) Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of this period.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this text.Step Ⅲ. Extensive reading
Read the text fast to finish the first three questions in Exercise 1 on Page 39.
Step Ⅳ. Intensive reading
(1) Different methods and flexible examples of language points are offered for the students to understand and master the usage of key words, phrases and sentence structures. Meanwhile, this can help the students have a better or deeper understanding of the whole text. (2) Read the text carefully and finish the last two questions in Exercise 1 on Page 39.
Step Ⅴ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 单句语法填空 (2) 短语/搭配填空
(3) 句式结构训练 (4) 语篇型语法填空
(5) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅵ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅶ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Show the students a beautiful picture about the Lake of Heaven. Ask some questions：
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. Do you have any opinions about it?新课导入【导入二】
T: Have you ever been to some natural sceneries? Now let's look at some pictures of some natural sceneries.新课导入1 shoot vt.射中,射伤 n.芽,苗,嫩枝
(教材P37)She was shot.她被击中了。课堂互动探究词汇点睛(1)shoot at 向……射击/开枪
shoot… in the leg/head, etc. 打中……的腿/头等
(2)shot n. 射击,射门
take a shot at… 朝……射击【活学活用】
(1)He shot at the bird with his gun, but missed it.
他用枪打鸟,但没有打中。
(2)In early spring, we could see the shoots appearing on the bushes.
早春时节,我们能看到嫩芽从树丛上萌发。
(3)The hunter in the leg.?猎人打中了狼的腿。
(4)Three robbers were .?
三名抢劫者被击毙。课堂互动探究shot the wolfshot dead2 anxious adj.忧患的,担心的;渴望的
(教材P38)I was so anxious and couldn't move at first.
起初我非常担心,并且不能动了。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)be anxious for/about 为……担心/忧虑
be anxious/eager to do sth/for sth 渴望(做)某事
be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that sb (should) do sth 渴望某人做某事
(2)anxiously adv. 焦虑地,忧虑地
anxiety n. 担心,焦虑,渴望【活学活用】
(1)Her parents are anxious about her health.
她的父母为她的健康担心。
?(2)She is anxious to find a better job.
她渴望找到一份更好的工作。
(3)The boy a personal computer.?
那个男孩渴望得到一台个人电脑。课堂互动探究is anxious for(4)They aid should be sent there at once.?
他们盼望援助物资立刻送到那儿。
(5)We waited for the news of her safe arrival.?
我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。课堂互动探究are anxious thatanxiously/with anxiety3 panic vt.& vi.(使)惊慌,恐慌 n.惊慌
(教材P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.
我感到非常紧张,而我又不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)panic sb into doing sth 使某人仓促地做某事
panic over/about/at sth 对某事感到惊慌
(2)get into a panic 陷入恐慌状态
in a state of panic 惊恐万分
cause a panic 引起恐慌
be in (a) panic 处在恐慌中【活学活用】
(1)The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.
人群听到枪声感到惊慌。
(2)Rumours panicked many investors into selling their shares.
谣言使许多投资者感到恐慌而仓促抛售股票。
(3)He the unexpected danger.?他对出乎意料的危险感到惊慌。
(4)She when she thought her son might be lost.?
当她想到儿子可能会迷路时,她顿时惊慌起来。课堂互动探究panicked overgot into a panic4 appreciation n.感谢,感激,欣赏
(教材P39)However, the attraction that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.
然而,保护区里最值得欣赏的地方则是天池,或者说是天堂之湖。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)in appreciation of 为感谢……
have an appreciation of 对……欣赏
show/express one's appreciation for 因……表示感谢
(2)appreciate vt. 感激,欣赏,赏识
I would appreciate it if… 如果……,我将感激不尽。【活学活用】
(1)The key to the book's success is Mo Yan's appreciation of society.
这本书成功的关键是莫言能够理解社会。
(2)She has much appreciation of classical music.她对古典音乐很有欣赏力。
(3)I wish to for your kindness.?
我希望对你的好意表示我的感激。
(4)Please accept this gift all you've done for us.?
承蒙鼎力相助,不胜感激,谨备薄礼,敬请笑纳。课堂互动探究express my appreciationin appreciation of5 guarantee vt.保证;向某人担保 n.保证(书),担保,抵押品;保修单
(教材P39)…don't forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
……别忘了许个愿,以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)under guarantee 在保修期内
(2)guarantee sth 保证某事
guarantee sth+adj. 保证某事是……
guarantee to do sth 保证做某事
guarantee that… 保证……
guarantee sb sth= guarantee sth to sb 向某人保证某事【活学活用】
(1)The rain guarantees(=promises) a good crop this year.
这场雨保证了今年有好收成。
(2)They guaranteed to arrive here within an hour.
他们保证在一个小时之内到达这里。
(3)The car is less than a year old, and therefore is still .?
这辆汽车用了不到一年,因此仍在保修期内。
(4)The car club couldn‘t the demands of all its members.?家汽车俱乐部无法满足所有成员的要求。课堂互动探究under guaranteeguarantee to meet/satisfy1 glance through 匆匆看一遍,浏览
(教材P39)Glance through these questions.
浏览一遍这些问题。课堂互动探究短语储存课堂互动探究(1)glance at 看一下
glance down 朝下一看/俯身一瞥
glance off 擦过,掠过
glance over 粗略一看
(2)at a glance = at the first glance 乍看,初看
give/take a glance at 匆匆看一下……课堂互动探究【活学活用】
(1)She glanced through some magazines while she was waiting for the doctor.
她在等医生的时候浏览了几本杂志。
(2)The bullet glanced off his helmet.
这颗子弹掠过他的头盔。
(3)He the list of names briefly.?
他草草地看了一遍名单。glanced over课堂互动探究(4)He just the headlines because he was too busy to read the whole newspaper.?
他只是浏览了新闻标题,因为他太忙了,无法阅读整份报纸。
(5) , the place seemed deserted.?
乍一看,这地方好像被废弃了。glanced throughAt a glance/At the first glance2 vary from…to… 由 …… 到…… 不等
(教材P39)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
这里的海拔高度从700米到2000米不等,是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。课堂互动探究课堂互动探究(1)variety n. 种类
a variety of (= various=all kinds of) 各种各样的
variety store 杂货店/铺
(2)various adj. 各种各样的
(3)vary with… 随……而变化
vary in size/colour 大小/颜色不一样
vary between…and… 由……到……不等【活学活用】
(1)I'd like to buy two pairs of shoes which vary in colour.我想买两双颜色不一样的鞋。
(2)Demand for certain products varies with the seasons.
某些产品的需求随季节而变化。
(3)These buildings from 100 metres to 300 metres.?
这些建筑物的高度从100 米到300米不等。课堂互动探究vary in height(4)This programme contains amusements.?
这项计划含有各种各样的娱乐活动。
(5)Customs the times.?
习俗随时代而变化。课堂互动探究a variety ofvary with1 (教材P37)Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.
听到尖叫声,我匆忙冲下楼,却看见女主人躺在地板上不省人事,客人们围在她周围。课堂互动探究句型透视【句型公式】
only to do…作结果状语课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“only to see…”属于不定式短语,用作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果。现在分词作结果状语则表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果,这时其前可加thus。另外,充当结果的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语,而是句子的内容或部分内容。【活学活用】
(1)Tom hurried to the ticket office, only to find the tickets had been sold out.
汤姆匆忙赶到售票处,结果发现票已经销售一空。
(2)People play football all over the world, causing it famous. 全世界的人都在踢足球,结果使得它出名了。
(3)He hurried home, had been left in the office.?
他匆忙回到家,结果发现钥匙忘在了办公室里。课堂互动探究only to find his keys(4)The flight crashed on its first journey, on board.?
这班飞机第一次飞行就坠毁了,结果导致机上数百名乘客丧命。
(5)George returned after the war, .?
乔治在战后返回了家乡,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开他了。课堂互动探究killing hundreds of passengersonly to be told that his wife had left him2 (教材P39)It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。课堂互动探究【句型公式】
It is said that…据说……课堂互动探究【句法分析】
句中的“It is said that…”属于常用结构:“It is/was+过去分词+that从句”。其中的代词it用作形式主语,代指that引导的主语从句。常用于此结构的动词还有:report,know,believe,decide,expect,hope,suggest等。此结构可转换成:“从句主语+is/was+过去分词+to do sth/to have done sth”。但是hope,suggest不适用于转换以后的结构。【活学活用】
(1)It is said that a new bus line will be open next month.
=A new bus line is said to be open next month.
据说一条新的公共汽车路线将于下月开通。
(2)It has been proved that eating more vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.
孩童时期多吃蔬菜有助于保护你以后免受严重疾病的困扰,这已经得到证实。
(3) that the air in the countryside is clearer than that in the city.?人们认为乡下的空气要比城市里的更清新。课堂互动探究It's believed/thought/known(4) that the 3-D film Titanic can be more popular with audience.?
人们期望3D版《泰坦尼克号》更受广大观众的欢迎。
(5) 300 million people in China have eyesight trouble.?
据报道中国3亿人口视力有问题。课堂互动探究It is expectedIt is reported that这是本单元的第三课时，主要复习“the -ing form”用作状语，包括其各种形式以及相应的功能。1. Knowledge and skills
(1) Master the usage of the -ing form.
(2) Practise the -ing form.
2. Process and methods
(1) Let the students pick out the sentences with the -ing form used as the adverbial in the passage and ask them to translate them into Chinese to understand them.三维目标(2) Offer the students more examples to compare and help them discover the structure of the -ing form used as the adverbial.
(3) Do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 37 to master the usage of the -ing form used as the adverbial.
(4) Summarize the -ing form used as the adverbial with the students together.
(5) Do more exercises for consolidation.三维目标3. Emotion, attitude and values
(1) Stimulate students' interest in learning English grammar.
(2) Develop students' ability to compare and summarize.三维目标【重点】
Master and learn to use the -ing form.
【难点】
How to use the -ing form.重点难点The teachers should offer the students enough examples and exercises to understand and practise the -ing form.教学建议Step Ⅰ. Revision
Have a dictation of the important vocabulary of the first two periods.
Step Ⅱ. Leading in
Two or even more different ways are offered to help make it easier for the students to have access to this grammar item.
Step Ⅲ. Presentation
Select suitable examples and show concise instructions to the students as a presentation of the usage of the -ing form.Step Ⅳ. Practice and application
A variety of exercises are offered for practice and application.
(1) 句型转换
(2) 单句语法填空
(3) 完成句子
(4) 语篇巩固提高训练Step Ⅴ. Homework
It is advised that students should be free to choose and do some exercises above.
Step Ⅵ. Reflection afterwards
Teachers are advised to reflect on the whole learning process, including the advantages and disadvantages, both from the teacher's perspective and the students' perspective.【导入一】
Examine the sentences below and tell the similarity and differences between these two sentences：
Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.
Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.新课导入The -ing form can be used as an adverbial in a sentence to give information about time, reasons or results. We use the construction “having ＋ past participle” form to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by the main verb.
【导入二】
Ask the students to study the following sentences and translate them into Chinese. Then ask them to explain the form of their verbs.新课导入1. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
2. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.
3. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.新课导入4. Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I'm still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
Tell the students that the above sentences are with the -ing form and discuss it with them. Then ask the students to think over the question: What have we learned about the -ing form？新课导入动词-ing形式用作状语
一、动词-ing的基本形式
1.动词-ing的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行,其形式为:doing。
2.动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了,其形式为:having done。
3.动词-ing的否定式:not+doing/having done。语法归纳4.动词-ing的被动式:
(1)动词-ing的一般式的被动式:being done;
(2)动词-ing的完成式的被动式:having been done。
Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work.
进屋以后,她看到人人都在工作。
Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden.
打扫完房间后,我们开始除花园里的草。语法归纳Not having mastered the way of studying, I didn't get a good result.
因为没有掌握学习的方法,我没有得到好成绩。
Not having heard from her for a long time, he decided to phone her.
由于很久没有收到她的来信,他决定给她打电话。
Being asked to give a performance, they are busy preparing for it.
有人要求他们表演节目,他们正在忙于准备节目。
Having been given another chance, they decided to make good use of it.
又被给了一个机会,他们决定好好利用它。语法归纳二、动词-ing作状语的基本用法
1.表示时间
动词-ing在句中作时间状语,可对应转化为when,after等引导的时间状语从句。
Having made full preparations (= After we have made full preparations), we are ready for the examination.做了充分的准备之后,我们准备参加考试。
Hearing the result (= When I heard the result), I couldn't help jumping.
听到这个结果,我情不自禁地跳了起来。语法归纳2.表示原因
动词-ing在句中作原因状语,可对应转化为as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。
Being ill (= As he was ill), he was sent to hospital.
由于生病了,他被送去了医院。
Having lived in this city many years (= Since I had lived in this city many years), I knew it well.
因为在这个城市住了多年,所以我对它很了解。语法归纳3.表示伴随或方式
动词-ing作伴随或方式状语,说明动作发生的背景或情况,它表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生。作伴随或方式的动词-ing短语相当于and连接的并列成分。
The girls came into the classroom, singing and dancing (= and they sang and danced).
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time (= and stared at the sky for a long time).
他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。语法归纳语法归纳4.表示条件(一般位于句首)
动词-ing作条件状语相当于if,once等引导的条件状语从句。
Working hard at your lessons (= If you work hard at your lessons), you will succeed.
如果你努力学习,你就会成功的。
Not making good use of the time (= If you don't make good use of the time), you'll regret.
如果不好好利用时间,你会后悔的。5.表示让步
动词-ing作让步状语,相当于though,although等引导的让步状语从句。
Knowing all this (= Although they knew all this), they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。
Having made up my mind to study (= Though I had made up my mind to study), I still wanted to play.尽管我已下定决心学习,但我仍然想玩。语法归纳6.表示结果
动词-ing作结果状语表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。
His father died, leaving him a lot of money (= and left him a lot of money).
他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。语法归纳三、深化点拨
1.动词-ing 作状语时,在其前可加when, while, once, as/so long as, unless, before, after, since, until, though, although, as if/though, even if/though 等。
He fell asleep while reading.他看书时睡着了。
While crossing the road, you can't be too careful.
过马路时,你再小心也不为过。语法归纳Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. =Though they lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university.
尽管他父母缺钱,但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。
2.独立主格结构:
动词-ing 形式在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则要在动词-ing 形式前加上自身的逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。语法归纳Weather permitting, we will go out to have a picnic.天气允许的话,我们会出去野餐。
Time running out, we have to leave.
快没时间了,我们必须离开。
3.动词-ing 形式与动词-ed 形式作状语时的区别:
动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语为句子的主语,且它们之间为主动关系;而动词-ed作状语时,其逻辑主语为句子的主语,它们之间为被动关系。语法归纳Arriving at the airport, he saw his guest walking out.
他一到达机场,就看见客人正走出来。
Completed last month, the project has begun to benefit people around here.
这个工程上个月完工,它已经开始使周围的人受益。
4.独立分词作状语
有些动词-ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,表明说话者的态度观点等,被称为评论性状语。常见的有:语法归纳generally speaking 一般说来
strictly speaking 严格说来
judging from/by 根据……来判断
considering…/taking…into consideration 考虑到
supposing 假设;如果
providing 如果
assuming 假使语法归纳【活学活用】
Ⅰ.句型转换(请用v.-ing形式或v.-ed形式合并下列句子)
1.He got up late and hurried to his office, he left his breakfast untouched.
→ He got up late and hurried to his office, .?
2.Because I was asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
→ , I missed a wonderful film.?语法归纳leaving his breakfast untouchedHaving been asked to work overtime that evening3.We stood in a long queue and waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.
→ , we waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.?
4.If you base your decision more on emotion than on reason, you'll regret it sooner or later.
→ , you'll regret it sooner or later.?语法归纳Standing in a long queueBasing your decision more on emotion than on reason5.Standing on the platform, Professor Li kept silent for a moment, and his eyes were fixed on the audience below.
→ Standing on the platform, Professor Li kept silent for a moment,
.?
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (look) at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.?
2. (tell)many times, he finally understood it.?语法归纳his eyes fixed on the audience belowLookingHaving been told语法归纳3.It rained heavily in the south, (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.?
4. (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.?
5.The lawyer listened with full attention, (try) not to miss any point.?causingHaving waitedtrying应用文写作之演讲致辞
在一些正式场合接待客人时, 主人一般要说一些热情友好的话表示欢迎, 使客人感到“宾至如归”, 这就叫欢迎致辞;当客人逗留一段时间准备离开时, 主人会设宴欢送, 宾主欢聚一堂, 并致祝愿, 这时主人说的一些话就叫欢送致辞。根据致辞的目的, 发言稿可分为宣讲类和欢迎(送)类。此类写作在结构安排上可分为如下三个部分:基础写作知识第一部分:称谓(对听众或与会者的称呼)。如:Comrades, Friends, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear fellow students, Boys and girls, Good afternoon, everyone…
第二部分:导语及正文。正文部分明确介绍欢迎或欢送的对象, 简单介绍其身份、经历, 客人在逗留期间进行了哪些活动等。
第三部分:结束语。结束语常用“That's all.” “Thank you!” “Thank you for your listening/attention.”等。基础写作知识1. 欢迎辞常用语:
(1)We are glad to have a chance to get together with…
(2)We feel greatly honoured to have a chance to be with…
(3)Let's give our warm welcome to…
(4)Thank you for your accepting our invitation to come to…
(5)First of all, allow me on behalf of sb to do sth…基础写作知识2. 欢送辞常用语:
(1)In bidding farewell to sb…
(2)To convey our profound friendship to sb…
(3)To convey our best regards and respects to sb…
(4)To wish sb a pleasant journey home and good health…
(5)May the friendship between…be further developed!基础写作知识【例】 感恩是我们生活中永恒的话题。假设你校正在举行一场有关“感恩”的演讲比赛, 请你在父母、老师、朋友中选择一个感恩对象, 写一篇英语演讲稿参加比赛, 内容包括:
1. 为何感恩;
2. 如何感恩。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 开头与结尾已为你写好, 不计入总词数。基础写作知识Good afternoon, everyone! It's a great honour to have the opportunity to be with you today. The topic of my speech is________________________
Thank you for listening. 基础写作知识[参考范文]
Good afternoon, everyone! It's a great honour to have the opportunity to be with you today. The topic of my speech is “Thank you, Mum.”Like many of you, my life has been blessed with my mum. While my mum is an ordinary housewife, I appreciate her kind consideration. Whenever I get upset, she listens to me and comforts me until I have cheered up. I'm fortunate to have such a caring mother. ?基础写作知识The challenging exam is there for you and me. I appeal to all of us to work hard for our mums. Meanwhile, express your love in return. Either a small talk with Mum or a cup of tea for her, and her face will light up.
Thank you for listening.?基础写作知识【及时演练】
假如你校要举办一次主题为“How to communicate with your parents”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,要点如下:
1. 尊重并信任父母;2. 常与父母聊天;3. 换位思考问题。注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 行文必须符合演讲稿的格式。
参考词汇:换位思考put oneself into one's shoes
How to communicate with your parents基础写作知识基础写作知识One possible version:
How to communicate with your parents
Hello, everyone. I'd like to share with you my ideas about this topic.
Parents are the people who love us most, so it's neccessary to keep a good relationship with them. Here are my ideas on how to make it easier to communicate with parents.
Firstly, we should respect and trust our parents. Don't be rude to them even if they have done something wrong. They have more experience基础写作知识and always try their best to protect us from dangers. Secondly, if we often talk with them about our life and experience, we will know each other better. Thirdly, if sometimes we don't agree with our parents' decision, we should try to put ourselves into their shoes and we will soon understand them.
Thank you for listening.介绍旅游景点
【写作点拨】
1.概念:介绍名胜古迹,属于介绍类说明文。
2.内容安排:
第一段:总括名胜古迹的基本概况。
第二段:按照一定的顺序全方位介绍该名胜,其内容包括地理位置、面积、景点布局、历史文化,旅游路线等。
第三段:适当抒发感情,使读者有身临其境的感觉。单元话题写作3.语言特征:
(1)一般按空间顺序或时间顺序描写景物;(2)语言整体的描述中含有抒情的特点。
4.注意事项:
(1)介绍景物要客观;(2)描述要详略得当,重点突出;(3)要做到行文连贯,自然有条理。
【词句模板】
亮点句式:
1.It is one of the biggest/longest/widest…单元话题写作2.It is the biggest nature reserve in China.
3.It is the highest peak of the world.
4.It is one of the oldest places in the world.
5.It lies in/on/to the west/east/north/south of…
6.It is located in…
7.It covers an area of 2,000 square kilometres.
8.It has an area of…单元话题写作9.You can/may go there on foot/by…
10.You'd better go there on foot/by…
?11.Some people go there to…and others to…
12.If you are lucky enough, you may also…单元话题写作【活学活用】
假如你是李华,请你根据下表内容为某英文报社投稿,介绍一下伦敦。
要求:词数80左右。单元话题写作单元话题写作单元话题写作One possible version:
Dear Editor,
London is a capital city full of art and history, an important political centre and a huge financial market place.
The Square Mile is the oldest part of London, where not many people live, but 300,000 people work every day.West End is the busy shopping and entertainment district while East End contains the Port of London, which is historically the place where many immigrants first arrived.Since单元话题写作the Olympics were successfully held in 2012 there, the local people hope that housing, education and employment for many people in this area will improve.
It is difficult to describe London in every aspect, for the city is made up of a collection of villages, each area with its own character and community.
Yours,
Li Hua1. n.火山→ adj.火山的→ n.火山学→
n.火山学家?
2. vi.(火山)爆发,突然发生→ n.(火山、战争等)爆发?
3. n.设备,装备→ vt.给……配备,装备?
4. vt.任命,委派→ n.任命,约定,约会?
5. vt.评估,评价,估计→ n.评估,评价,估价?
6. adj.绝对的,完全的→ adv.绝对地,完全地?单元知识回眸重点单词volcanovolcanicvolcanologyvolcanologisterupteruptionequipmentequipappointappointmentevaluateevaluationabsoluteabsolutely7. n.太空,空间,距离→ n.宇航员,航天专家→ n.宇宙飞船?
8. vt.& n.适合,使适宜,套装→ adj.适当的,相配的?
9. adj.真实的,实际的,现行的→ adv.事实上,实际上→
adv.真实地,真正地,真的吗?
10. n.恐吓,威胁→ vt.威胁,要挟,恐吓→ n.惊吓,惊骇→ vt.& vi.使惊恐,害怕?
11. n.小说家→ n.小说?单元知识回眸spacespacemanspaceshipsuitsuitableactualactuallyreallythreatthreatenfrightfrightennovelistnovel12. n.雾→ adj.有雾的,模糊的,朦胧的?
13. adj.不舒服的,不舒适的→ adj.舒服的,舒心的→ n.& vt.舒适,安慰,使缓和?
14. adj.失去知觉的,未察觉的→ adj.有意识的,神志清醒的→ n.意识,知觉,觉悟?
15. adj.焦虑的,渴望的,担忧的→ n.焦虑,渴望,挂念?
16. vt.& vi.改编,使多样化,变化→ n.变化,多样性,品种→
adj.各种各样的,多方面的?单元知识回眸foggyuncomfortablefogcomfortablecomfortunconscious consciousconsciousnessanxiousanxietyvaryvarietyvarious17. adj.多种多样的,不同的→ n.多种多样,多样性?
18. vi.给……洗澡,游泳→ n.沐浴,浴盆?
19. n.欣赏,感激,感谢→ vt.欣赏,感激?
20. n.信服,说服→ vt.劝说,说服→ adj.有说服力的,劝说的,劝诱的?单元知识回眸diversitybathediversebathappreciationappreciatepersuasionpersuadepersuasive1.与某人分享/分担…… ?
2.保护……免受…… ?
3.装备着…… ?
4.把……指定/确定为…… ?
5.向……挥手告别 ?
6.弥天大谎 ?单元知识回眸重点短语share…with sbprotect…from…be equipped withappoint…as…wave goodbye toan absolute lie7.适合于某人/某物 ?
8.全部焚毁 ?
9.(向某地)走(去);前往 ?
10.向……射击/开枪 ?
11.因……而发抖,焦虑不安 ?
12.为某人担心/忧虑 ?单元知识回眸be suitable for sb/sthburn to the groundmake one's wayshoot attremble withbe anxious about sb13.陷入恐慌状态 ?
14.匆匆看一遍,浏览 ?
15.由……到……不等 ?单元知识回眸get into a panic glance throughvary from…to…1. , I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后,我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将流向何处,流速是多少。?
2. suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.?
我刚要再睡,突然我的卧室亮如白昼。单元知识回眸重点句式Having collected and evaluated the informationI was about to go back to sleep when3.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but , I stayed at the top and watched them.?
另外两个人爬下火山口去收集日后研究用的岩浆,但是我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。
4.Hearing a scream, I rushed downstairs________________________________
_______________________, surrounded by her guests.?听到尖叫声,我匆忙冲下楼,却看见女主人躺在地板上不省人事,客人们围在她周围。单元知识回眸 only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floorthis being my first experience5. this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.?
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。单元知识回眸It is said that动词-ing形式用作状语。单元知识回眸单元语法如何介绍旅游景点。单元知识回眸单元写作 [导读] 相信你一定知道火山是世界上的一大奇观,那你知道火山是怎样形成的吗?延伸拓展阅读There are thousands of volcanoes all over the world.What makes volcanoes? What happens?
The inside of the earth is very hot.Because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice.It has become liquid, like water.It is always boiling, like water in a kettle.If you have seen a kettle boiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out.The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out.Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong.延伸拓展阅读But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak.Sometimes a crack (a small opening)appears.(1)The hot melted rock, which we call “lava”, pushes up through the crack and bursts through①.Steam and gas shoot up② into the air and the hot melted lava pours out.Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air.
After a while the volcano becomes quiet again.The melted lava becomes hard.Later the same thing happens again and again.Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes延伸拓展阅读hard.(2)In this way a kind of mountain is built up③, with a hole down the middle.Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet and no more lava will burst out.Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later.
【注】 ①burst through冲破,突破
②shoot up迅速上升,猛增
③build up形成,发展延伸拓展阅读【典句赏析】
(1)The hot melted rock, which we call “lava”, pushes up through the crack and bursts through.我们称为火山岩浆的炽热的熔岩向上挤开裂缝并迅猛地喷射出来。
赏析:句中的which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰rock。如:
The new way of communication, which we call We-Chat, is more and more popular among young people.我们称为“微信”的这种新的交流方式在年轻人当中越来越受欢迎。延伸拓展阅读(2)In this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle.通过这种方式,就形成了一种大山,山的中心有一个(大)洞。
赏析:句中的“with a hole down the middle”属于with复合结构“with+n.+prep.…”。如:
We have had a special cake made for her birthday, with a beautiful girl of chocolate in the middle.我们已为她的生日定做了一个特别的蛋糕,中心有一个用巧克力制作的漂亮女孩。延伸拓展阅读