Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元课件（136张）
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元课件（136张） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-04-06 22:45:25 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 4 Earthquakes
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
单元总结提升
Earthquake
单元话题导入
How does an earthquake start?
What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the earth's crust (地壳) may have a fault, a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up and down or lengthways (纵向地) against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy is used. This energy is changed into vibrations (振动) and it is these vibrations that we feel as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometres and so an earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece.
单元话题导入
What should we do during an earthquake?
● At school
As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher's desk, get underneath it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.
As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.
单元话题导入
What should we do during an earthquake?
● At school
As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher's desk, get underneath it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.
As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.
单元话题导入
● At home
If you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and don't go out onto the balcony (阳台). Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift—there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside the lift for hours.
单元话题导入
● In the street
If you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or walls—move away as quickly as possible and try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous.
单元话题导入
单元话题导入
Task: Which of the following is true (T) or false (F)?
1. As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the building.( )
2. Students should go to the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop. ( )
3. If you are at home when an earthquake occurs, stand near a big table. ( )
4. The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a lift. ( )
5. If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space. ( )
F
T
F
F
T
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Learn the new words and expressions in this period：
injure, destroy, rescue, event, extreme, think little of, in ruins, It seems as if…
2. Try to describe the present situation of New Tangshan and Los Angeles.
Process and methods
1. Learn the new words and expressions by reading.
2. Describe the New Tangshan and Los Angeles by oral English.
Emotion，attitude and value
Learn about some natural disasters by learning some new words and expressions, and get the students to love the peaceful nature.
重点难点
【重点】
1. New words and expressions.
2. Oral practice about the pictures in Warming Up.
【难点】
1. New words and expressions.
2. Oral practice about the pictures in Warming Up.
教学建议
Learn the new words first, and then do the oral practice according to the instructions and the pictures in Warming Up.
新课导入
【导入一】
Video or film
Show the students a part of the film Tangshan Earthquake to present the new content in this period.
?【导入二】
Pictures
Present some pictures about Wenchuan or Tangshan earthquake to make the students realize the destruction of the natural disaster. And then ask the students to describe the pictures in Warming Up.
课前自主预习
Task One：Fast Reading
Ⅰ. Scan the text to find the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly talks about a(n) __________ that happened in _________ in _______．
Ⅱ. Scan the text to find a topic sentence for each paragraph.
( )1. Paragraph 1 A. Damage caused by the earthquake.
( )2. Paragraphs 2～3 B．Rescue after the earthquake.
( )3. Paragraph 4 C．Signs before the earthquake.
earthquake
Tangshan
1976
C
A
B
课前自主预习
Task Two：Careful Reading
Ⅰ. Read the text carefully and judge the following true (T) or false (F)．
1. People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn't go to bed that night. ( )
2. People in Beijing also felt the earthquake. ( )?
3. More than 400，000 people were killed in the earthquake. ( )
4．Some rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock. ( )
5. People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan. ( )
F
T
F
T
F
课前自主预习
Ⅱ.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What does the title “A night the earth didn't sleep” mean?
A．The whole earth didn't sleep that night.
B．A terrible earthquake hit Tangshan that night.
C．The earthquake happened here and there.
D．The whole nation didn't sleep because of the earthquake.
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
2. Who played the most important part in helping the people in the earthquake?
A．The soldiers and the rescue workers.
B．The college students.
C．The miners in the coal mines.
D．The injured local government officers.
【答案 】 A
课前自主预习
3. We can infer from the text that ________．
A．the whole city was at an end
B．the army's coming brought hope to the city
C．people lost hope when faced with the terrible earthquake
D．the signs before the earthquake weren't obvious at all
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．People were all hopeless after the earthquake.
B．Only small cracks appeared in the walls.
C．The big quake was felt all over the country.
D．Another big quake shook Tangshan later that afternoon.
【答案 】 D
课前自主预习
5. Which of the following words can best describe the feelings of the writer?
A. Pitiful and hopeless.
B. Sorrowful and hopeful.
C. Hopeful and shocked.
D. Merciful and delighted.
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
Task Three：Micro?writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
1．______ July 28，1976，eleven kilometres directly below the city of Tangshan one of the 2.________ (great) earthquakes of 3.________ 20th century began. In fifteen terrible seconds，a large city 4._____ (lie) in ruins. Two?thirds of the people died or 5.___________ (injure)．Thousands of families were killed and many children were left 6._________ parents. Everywhere the 7.________ (survive) found nearly everything was destroyed. People began to wonder how long the disaster 8._________ (last)．All hope was not lost. Many soldiers 9._________ (send) there to help the rescue workers. 10.________ (slow)，the city began to breathe again.
On
greatest
the
lay
were injured
without
survivors
would last
were sent
Slowly
1 burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发
(教材P26) In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支
burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入
【巧学助记】
课堂互动探究
[温馨提示] burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)On hearing the funny joke，everyone present burst into laughter/out laughing.
一听到这个有趣的笑话，在场的每一个人都突然笑了起来。
(2)Frightened were the villagers to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their home.
村民们看到河水将要漫过堤岸淹没他们的家园时吓坏了。
(3)His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.
他一登上台就博得了一阵热烈的掌声。
(4)Between astonishment and joy, she couldn't help ____________________________．
她惊喜交加，禁不住放声大哭起来。
课堂互动探究
bursting into tears/out crying
(5)用适当的介词填空
①It's been dry for so long that the forest could burst ________ flames at any moment.
②He almost burst ________ pride when his son John began to excel at football.
③He burst ________ the room without knocking at the door.
④One minute she burst ________tears，and the next she burst ________laughing. We just couldn't catch her mood at any moment.
课堂互动探究
into
with
into
into
out
2 ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
(教材P26) In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉没在一片废墟之中。
课堂互动探究
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁坏；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁了
(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one‘s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
【巧学助记】
课堂互动探究
【易混辨析】
ruin，destroy，damage
课堂互动探究
ruin 指一次性、彻底的毁坏，无可挽回的伤害，但不一定完全毁灭。此外，ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“坏了”。in ruins意为“成为废墟；遭到严重破坏”
destroy 强调以摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉，使之无法复原；有时用于比喻，意为“打破(希望，计划)；使失败”
damage “损失，损坏”，多用于无生命的东西，指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏”等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复，用于自然灾害或人为过失造成的破坏
【活学活用】
(1)You can't change the past, but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.
你改变不了昨天，但如果你过于忧虑明天，将会毁了今天。
(2)The ancient temple has fallen into ruin and needs repairing.
这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。
(3)It is a pity that many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.
令人遗憾的是，很多著名的流行音乐明星被毒品毁了。
课堂互动探究
(4)The party, which had been greatly looked forward to, ______________by the rude behaviour of an uninvited guest.
那位不速之客举止粗野，破坏了大家热切盼望的聚会。
(5)用ruin，destroy，damage的正确形式填空
①The car was not ____________badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt.
②She had no choice but to leave him. She could not let him ________her whole life.
③The Nazi wanted to ________people's hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people.
课堂互动探究
was ruined
damaged
ruin
destroy
3 injure vt.损害；伤害
(教材P26)Two?thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们当中有三分之二的人在地震中或死或伤。
课堂互动探究
(1)injury n． 损伤，伤害，挫伤
(2)injure one's pride 伤了某人的自尊
be injured in the accident 在事故中受伤
(3)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的
the injured 伤员
【易混辨析】
课堂互动探究
injure “伤害”，一般用于由于意外或事故而受伤，也可指损害名誉、伤害感情等
hurt 表示“受伤”的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害
wound 通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害
【活学活用】
(1)While crossing the road，an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injured.
过马路时，一位老人被汽车撞倒且严重受伤。
(2)Believe it or not，what you said just now injured her pride.
信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了她的自尊心。
(3)He was saved from serious injury, thanks to that brilliant doctor.
他重伤后得救，多亏了那位高明的医生。
课堂互动探究
(4)Rescuers said the injured ______________ (take) to a nearby hospital, and fortunately the injury was not serious.
救援人员称，伤者被送往附近的医院治疗，幸运的是伤势都不严重。
(5)用injure，hurt，wound的正确形式填空
①The only survivor in the plane crash was badly __________but the doctors said he would pull through.
②I was deeply ________ by the way she just ignored me.
③He had once been a soldier. Sadly, he was __________in a war and was crippled(跛腿的)．
课堂互动探究
were taken
injured
hurt
wounded
4 shock vt.&vi. (使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊
(教材P26) People were shocked. 人们惊呆了。
课堂互动探究
(1)be a shock to… 使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
It shocked sb to see/hear 看到/听到……使某人震惊
【活学活用】
(1)It was such a shock to hear that you were in an accident. How did it happen?
听到你出了意外，真是很震惊。它是怎么发生的？
(2)Mr Adams was greatly shocked to see his 13?year?old son stealing money from his wallet.
＝It shocked Mr Adams greatly to see his 13?year?old son stealing money from his wallet.
亚当斯先生发现他13岁的儿子正从他的钱包里偷钱时大为震惊。
(3)I was so shocked by what she said that I couldn't believe my ears.
她所讲的情况使我深感震惊， 我真不敢相信自己的耳朵。
课堂互动探究
(4)The ending of the film was so _________that everyone was very ________at it.
这部影片的结局令人如此震惊，以至于每个人都感到非常惊讶。
(5)__________________________________is the fact that this little girl never thought to ask grown?ups for help when she was in trouble.
使我们吃惊的是，在这个小女孩遇到麻烦时，她从未想过向大人求助。
课堂互动探究
shocking
shocked
What shocked us/made us shocked
5 trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
(教材P26) Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。
课堂互动探究
(1)trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人(做)某事
be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
(2)set traps to do sth 设置陷阱做某事
fall into a trap/be caught in a trap 掉入陷阱；落入圈套
【活学活用】
(1)By the time he realizes he has fallen into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.
到他意识到已经落入圈套的时候，对于他来说做任何事情都为时已晚了。
(2)Some travellers are still trapped in the heavy snow, though most are reported to have been rescued by the police. 一些旅客仍被困在大雪中，虽然大部分据报道已被警方救出。
(3)By clever questioning they trapped him ________making a confession.
他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。
课堂互动探究
into
(4)Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may ____________into giving away important information.
回答他的提问前要仔细思考。你可能会中他的圈套，把机密泄露出去。
(5)Until he saw the ________villagers, he did not realize the seriousness of the floods.
直到他看到受困的村民，他才意识到洪水的严重性。
课堂互动探究
be trapped
trapped
6 bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
(教材P26) The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
课堂互动探究
(1)bury oneself in sth 专心致志于某事
bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习
(2)be buried in thought 沉思
be buried in 埋头于，专心于
(3)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
【活学活用】
(1)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying herself/buried in the book in her hands.
女孩坐在公园的长凳上，埋头读着手里的那本书。
(2)He buried himself in the work so as to get over from the pain of losing his parents.
他埋头工作为的是要从失去双亲的痛苦中恢复过来。
(3)I was looking for my handbag, __________________under a pile of old newspapers.
我正在找我那被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
课堂互动探究
which was buried
(4)Suddenly she began to cry, ________her head under the book so that I couldn't see.
她突然开始哭起来，把头埋在书里以不让我看见。
(5)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands________ in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
他站在人行道上，双手插在黑色长大衣的口袋里。
课堂互动探究
burying
buried
1 dig out 掘出；发现
(教材P26) The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
dig into 研究；探究；细查
dig oneself out of a hole 脱身
【活学活用】
(1)Many countries sent a rescue team to dig out the trapped people and to bury the dead people.
多国派遣了救援队去挖掘被困的人和掩埋死去的人。
(2)Digging further into the medical literature, I found out there was a scientific explanation for all this.
进一步翻阅医学文献后，我发现这些都是有科学依据的。
(3)He's taken these measures to try to __________________a hole.
他已采取了这些措施，试图让自己摆脱困境。
课堂互动探究
dig himself out of
(4)As a reporter, you should pay attention to ______________details when interviewing the important accident and let facts speak for themselves.
作为记者，采访重大事故时你要注意挖掘细节，让事实说话。
(5)I was trapped under the snow. All I could do was hope that someone would come and ______________.
我被困在雪下。我唯一能做的就是希望有人会来把我挖出来。
课堂互动探究
digging out
dig me out
2 at an end 结束，终结
(教材P26) It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
课堂互动探究
(1)at the end of 在……尽头，在……末端
by the end of 到……结束时，到……时候为止(常与完成时态连 用)
in the end 最后
(2)bring sth to an end (使)结束，终止
put an end to 使(结束)，终止
come to an end 结束
【活学活用】
(1)The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。
(2)The court has passed sentence and the matter is now at an end.
法庭已经宣布了判决，现在这件事已经告一段落。
(3)I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我快没有耐心了。
课堂互动探究
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①By the end of this week, I ________________(finish) most of the work.
②His newly?written novel ____________________(translate) into English by the end of last month.
(5)用end的相关短语填空
①The first round game________________. So far so good. The second round will be tougher.
②I wonder what determined her to marry him ________________．
③The accident ________________ my dream of becoming an Olympic athlete.
④My holiday is ________________ and I must go back to work tomorrow.
课堂互动探究
came to an end
will have finished
had been translated
in the end
put an end to
at an end
3 a (great) number of 许多；大量
(教材P27) Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。
课堂互动探究
【易混辨析】
a number of, the number of
课堂互动探究
a number of 表示“很多；好多”，在number之前可加large，small，great等表示程度。a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式
the number of 表示“……的数量”，后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数而不用复数
【活学活用】
(1)A great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.
我的家乡建起了许多新工厂。
(2)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising since 1990.
自1990年起，上中国大学的外国学生人数一直在上升。
(3)The number of cars on the expressway ____________(rise) because of free passage during holidays.
由于节假日免费通行，高速路上汽车的数量在增加。
课堂互动探究
is rising
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①A number of students ___________(be) invited to the party, but the number of the students now present ________(be) twenty.
②As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ________(keep) rising these days.
课堂互动探究
keeps
have been
is
1 (教材P26) It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
课堂互动探究
句型透视
句型公式
as if=as though 似乎，好像
?【句法分析】
as if＝as though，意为“似乎，好像”，可用来引导表语从句和状语从句。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句要用陈述语气。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It seemed as if the young actor was in trouble because of a kind of illness.
这位年轻演员似乎因某种疾病而陷入了困境。(陈述语气)
(2)Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点儿。(陈述语气)
(3)as if引导的虚拟语气
①The woman loves the children as if she were their mother.
这位女士爱这些孩子，好像她就是他们的妈妈一样。(与现在事实相反)
课堂互动探究
②He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)
③He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't handle the vase as if it ________(be) made of steel.
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__________(do) it?
课堂互动探究
were
had done
2 (教材P26) All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
课堂互动探究
句型公式
all/both…not…=not all/both
并非所有的/两者……都……
【句法分析】
该句是表示部分否定的句型。all…not…＝not all…，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Every boy is not interested in sports.
＝Not every boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。(部分否定)
(2)Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult.
＝Not both of the two maths problems are very difficult.
这两道数学题并非都很难。(部分否定)
(3)Nobody agreed with my opinion，which made me very disappointed.
没有人赞同我的观点，这使我非常失望。(全部否定)
课堂互动探究
(4)All horses are animals, but all animals are not horses.
＝All horses are animals, but __________________are horses.
所有的马都是动物，但并非所有的动物都是马。
(5)I agree with most of what you said, but I ________________everything.
你说的话大部分我同意，但并非同意所有的。
课堂互动探究
not all animals
don't agree with
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Learn the following new words and expressions：frightening, congratulation, judge, sincerely, express, as if, at an end, a number of
2. Practise listening and speaking.
Process and methods
1. Do Learning about Language exercises on page 28.
2. Retell the Listening passage after listening.
Emotion，attitude and value
1. Get to know more about natural disasters.
2. Love the world, love our country and love nature.
重点难点
【重点】
1. Listening and speaking.
2. Retell the Listening material.
【难点】
1. Listening and speaking.
2. Retell the Listening material.
教学建议
Try to make the students retell the Listening material to practise oral English.
新课导入
【导入一】
Revision
Review the general meaning of the Reading passage and some detailed sentences. Ask the students to retell the passage in their own words.
【导入二】
Writing
Present a writing material, and then ask the students to write a short passage and use as many Attributive Clauses as possible.
1 damage n．& vt. 损失；损害
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
do/cause damage to 给……带来/造成毁坏
be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
【活学活用】
(1)Eating too much meat at one time will cause damage to your stomach.
一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
(2)When his home was badly damaged in the storm many soldiers came forward to help him repair it.
当他家房子在暴风雨中遭到严重损坏时，许多战士主动来帮助他维修。
(3)This lock is damaged. This door will never open!
这把锁坏了。门打不开了！
课堂互动探究
(4)A number of __________ houses and roads in the earthquake have been repaired up to now.
截至目前，许多在地震中受损的房子和公路已经修好了。
(5)A number of typhoons __________________________to parts of Asia in recent years.
亚洲部分地区在近几年众多台风的摧残下遭受了巨大的损害。
课堂互动探究
damaged
have caused great damage
2 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
(教材P28) It was a frightening night.这是一个令人恐惧的夜晚。
课堂互动探究
(1)be frightened of sth/to do sth 害怕某事/做某事
be frightened at/by… 因……害怕
frighten sb into sth/doing sth 把某人吓得做某事
(2)frightened adj. 害怕的
【活学活用】
(1)The frightening news made all of them frightened to death.
那个令人恐惧的消息使他们都害怕得要命。
(2)The little boy was frightened of his father, as he always pulled a long face in front of him.
小男孩很怕他的爸爸，因为他爸爸总是在他面前板着脸。
(3)His wife was frightened by his words and she spent the night awake and alone.
他的妻子被他的言词吓坏了。那个晚上，她孤枕难眠。
课堂互动探究
(4)It was such a _____________snake that no one dared get close to it.
这条蛇很吓人，结果无人敢接近它。
(5)What ____________ me most was that I knew that this wasn't a made?up story; it had really happened to members of my family.
最让我害怕的是我知道这不是虚构的故事，它真真切切地发生在我的家人身上。
课堂互动探究
frightening
frightened
3 congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词
(教材P30) Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that… 祝贺你！我们很高兴告诉你……
课堂互动探究
(1)offer/send one's congratulations to sb 向某人致以祝贺
congratulations to sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
a letter of congratulation 贺信
(2)congratulate v. 祝贺，向……致祝词
congratulate sb on/upon sth/doing sth 就……向某人道贺
【易混辨析】
congratulate/celebrate
课堂互动探究
congratulate 表示“祝贺”，后接表示人的名词或代词，用于congratulate sb on (doing) sth结构
celebrate 表示“庆祝，庆贺”，常指庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或时刻，可直接跟表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词或代词作宾语
【活学活用】
(1)We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.
当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。
(2)I presented her a flower vase as congratulation on her birthday.
她生日那天，我向她敬献了一只花瓶以示祝贺。
(3)I had hoped to send him a telegram to congratulate him ______his marriage but I didn't manage it.
我本想给他发个电报对他表示新婚祝贺，但是我没有办到。
课堂互动探究
on
(4)Mother sent daughter a short message, congratulating her on ____________(elect) monitor again.
母亲给女儿发来短信，祝贺她再次当选班长。
(5)用congratulate, celebrate的正确形式填空
①I _____________ you on the birth of your daughter.
②He held a dance party to __________his daughter's birthday.
课堂互动探究
being elected
congratulate
celebrate
4 judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决
(教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
课堂互动探究
(1)judgement n． 审判，判决；判断力；意见，看法，评价
(2)judge sb/sth (to be)＋n./adj. 判断……是……
judge sb/sth from/by… 从……来判断
judge between right and wrong判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
(3)judging from/by… 根据……判断
[温馨提示] judging from/by…置于句首作状语。v.?ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking坦白地说；considering…考虑到……。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence.
他面无表情地站在那里，听法官宣布判决。
(2)Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.
无论你是否认同，别人将通过你的个人形象来判断你。
(3)__________________，it is necessary to pay him a visit.
在我看来，有必要去拜访一下他。
课堂互动探究
In my judgement
(4)________________________，it is he rather than you is to blame.
据我判断，是他而不是你该受责备。
(5)________________ his puzzled expression, I realized he knew nothing about the accident.
从他迷惑不解的表情判断，我意识到他对事故一无所知。
课堂互动探究
As far as I can judge
Judging from
1 be proud of 为……而自豪
(教材P30) Your parents and your school should be very proud of you！你的父母和你的学校应该为你感到非常骄傲！
课堂互动探究
短语储存
take pride in 对……感到骄傲
feel proud of 对……感到骄傲
【活学活用】
(1)She is such a beautiful girl that her mother is proud of her.
她是一个如此美丽的女孩以至于她的母亲以她为傲。
(2)This is my first time to look after my baby brother and I feel proud of myself.
这是我第一次照顾我的小弟，我感到很自豪。
课堂互动探究
(3)Over the years, the professor has taken part in a number of projects and programmes ________ which she is proud.
这些年来，这位教授参与了许多她值得骄傲的工程和项目。
(4)He took great pride _________ his work and cared about every customer who came through his door.
他为自己的工作而非常自豪，并且关心每一位来到店里的顾客。
课堂互动探究
of
in
2 give out 发出；放出；公布；用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽
课堂互动探究
give away 赠送；分发；放弃(机会)；泄露(秘密)
give in 屈服；交上
give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)
give up 放弃
【活学活用】
(1)The English teacher gave out the exam papers at 7：50.
英语教师七点五十分发考卷。(分发； 散发)
(2)The news of the event was given out over the radio.
这个事件的消息通过广播发布了。(公布； 宣布)
(3)When we were only a few miles from our destination the petrol gave out.
当我们离目的地只有几英里的路程时，汽油用完了。(耗尽； 用完)
课堂互动探究
(4)用适当的介词或副词填空。
①I need to give ________ some of these old baby clothes. Do you want some?
②But finally, he was forced to give ________．
③The flowers gave ________ a sweet smell.
④The doctor advised him to give ________ smoking.
⑤Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give________ the shocking ending.
课堂互动探究
away
in
off
up
away
1 (教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
课堂互动探究
句型透视
句型公式
主句，all/both/most of whom 引导的定语从句
【句法分析】 本句是一个非限制性定语从句，whom指代five judges，all of whom相当于and all of them；在“all, most, some, few, none, three等＋of whom/which”引导的定语从句中，whom指代“人”，which指代“物”，of表示“部分与整体”的关系。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)My family, all of whom are film lovers, are going to the movie tonight. 我的家人都是电影爱好者，今晚将去看电影。
(2)He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
他给了那个男孩10美元让他擦十扇窗户，大部分窗户至少一年没擦了。
(3)I have about 20 books, ________________were written by Mo Yan, the famous writer.
我大概有20本书，一半都是著名作家莫言所写。
课堂互动探究
half of which
(4)The old lady has two daughters, ________________ have become famous doctors.
这个老太太有两个女儿，都已成为著名的医生。
(5)The factory produces sports shoes of fine quality, one?third of which ________ (sell) abroad.
这家工厂生产优质运动鞋，其中三分之一卖往国外。
课堂互动探究
both of whom
are sold
2 (教材P30) As you know，this is the day the quake happened…你知道，这一天正是(唐山)发生地震的日子……
课堂互动探究
句型公式
as 引导的非限制性定语从句
【句法分析】
as you know是非限制性定语从句，as代替整个主句的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)As I expected，he got the first place again in this midterm examination.
正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
(2)As is known to us，China has the largest population in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
(3)They would send up another man?made satellite，________________ (report) last week，with the help of the foreign company.
正如上周所报道的，在这家外国公司的帮助下，他们将要发射另一颗人造卫星。
课堂互动探究
as was reported
(4)The air quality in the city, ______________ (show) in the report, has improved over the past two months.
正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这座城市的空气质量已有所改善。
课堂互动探究
as is shown
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Understand the structure in this unit: Attributive Clause.
2. Master the use of Relative Pronouns.
3. Make complex sentences with two or more simple sentences.
Process and methods
1. Explain the definition and the uses of the Attributive Clause to enable the students to know its use.
2. Strengthen the grammar structure by doing more practice.
Emotion，attitude and value
Get more information about natural disasters.
重点难点
【重点】
1. The definition and the use of Attributive Clause.
2. The use of Relative Pronouns.
【难点】
1. The definition and the use of Attributive Clause.
2. The use of Relative Pronouns.
教学建议
Do more practice to enable the students to understand the use of Attributive Clause.
新课导入
【导入一】
Show examples.
Show some examples on the Attributive Clause first, and then ask the students to analyse the structure of the example sentences in order to make them know the use and the features of the Attributive Clause.
【导入二】
Do exercises.
Do some sentence?combining exercises to present the Attributive Clause.
语法归纳
定语从句(Ⅰ)
?一、定义及分类
注：本单元主要学习关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose引导的限制性定语从句。
定语从句
定义 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句
关系词 关系代词 who; whom; whose; which; that; as
关系副词 when; where; why
分类 限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
语法归纳
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。如：
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。
The children who/that were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。(who/that引导定语从句)
Those who show respect always gain respect from others.
尊重别人的人总能得到别人的尊重。
语法归纳
2．whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。如：
There was no person to whom I could turn for help in the street last night.
昨天晚上，街上没有一个我能够求助的人。(whom在句中作介词to的宾语)
The teacher (whom) you are waiting for is coming.
你等的那位老师来了。
3．whose既可指人，也可指物，其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在从句中作定语。如：
Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
任何因家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(whose引导定语从句)
语法归纳
I met an old woman yesterday whose sons all had ever studied abroad.
昨天我遇到一位老太太，她的儿子们都曾到国外学习过。
He bought a house last week whose window is made of wood.上周他买了一座房子，其窗户是由木头做的。
4．which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。如：
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years.
桂林是一座有2000年历史的城市。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.
那个年轻人拿回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，他非常高兴。
语法归纳
5．that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。如：
The old man has a son who/that is in the army.
那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。
The spacecraft that/which finished its task has returned to the earth.
完成使命的宇宙飞船已返回地球。(that/which引导定语从句)
三、关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much等不定代词时。如：
The old man tried to write down all that he had gone through in his life.
这位老人尽力把他平生经历的事情都写下来。(先行词为all)
语法归纳
2．当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very，the only修饰时。如：
He has been using the very pen that he bought ten years ago.
他一直用着十年前买的那支钢笔。(先行词被the very修饰)
I will always remember the first lesson that was given by Miss Dora.
我将永远记住多拉女士给我上的第一节课。(先行词被the first修饰)
3．当先行词既包括人又包括物时。如：
The school hopes that the teachers and the teaching equipment that they need will be sent at once.
语法归纳
学校希望他们需要的师资和教学设备马上被送到。(先行词为the teachers and the teaching equipment)
4．当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：
Who is the person that you talked to just now?
刚刚和你说话的那个人是谁？(以who开头的特殊疑问句)
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 把下面的句子转换成定语从句
1．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
→I have a friend_______________ listening to classical music.
2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her.
→Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress ___________________I gave her.
3．The student's article was published. I know the student.
→I know the student ________article was published.
who/that likes
that/which/不填
whose
语法归纳
4．Betty is studying English very well. She has never been abroad.
→Betty, __________________________， is studying English very well.
5．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house, ________is more than 100 years old.
who has never been abroad
which
语法归纳
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
1．These articles are written in simple language, __________ makes them easy to read.
2．Do you still remember the chicken farm __________________ we visited three months ago?
3．They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school.
4. In the end, she decided to sell the house ________ windows were almost all broken.
5. Women ___________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don't.
which
that/which/不填
that
whose
who/that
who
基础写作知识
掌握句子的基本成分，熟悉词性的语法功能(四)
定语
[基本概念] 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
[定语与词类的对接] 定语——1.形容词； 2.名词； 3.代词； 4.不定式短语； 5.动名词； 6.分词； 7.介词短语； 8. 定语从句。
1．形容词作定语
I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class.
我喜欢班上友好的气氛。
基础写作知识
2．名词作定语
We planted many apple trees last year.
去年，我们栽了许多苹果树。
3．代词作定语
We love our country.
我们热爱我们的祖国。
4．不定式作定语
I have a lot of clothes to wash．
我有许多衣服要洗。
基础写作知识
5．动名词作定语
The children are swimming in the swimming pool.
孩子们在游泳池里游泳。?
6．分词作定语
There are many fallen leaves in the yard.
院子里有许多落叶。
基础写作知识
7. 介词短语作定语
Who is the girl with long black hair?
留黑色长发的那个女孩是谁？
8. 定语从句作定语
God helps those who help themselves．
自助者天助。
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
根据句意完成下列句子，注意定语的不同形式
1．Today is a ___________________________day. 今天是美好的一天。(形容词)
2．It's my ________present________________．(名词；介词短语)
这是父亲给我的生日礼物。
3．During the break, ______________teacher asked me to visit him. (代词＋名词)
在课间，我的数学老师要我去找他。
beautiful/nice/great/lovely
birthday
from my father
my maths
基础写作知识
4．Another suggestion is to give us more chances________________．(不定式)
另一个建议是给我们更多的讲英语的机会。
5. We don't need to do so ________ homework.
我们没有必要做如此多的作业。
to speak English
much
单元话题写作
写一篇新闻报道
【写作点拨】
新闻报道通常有比较固定的写作格式，如报道的开头通常是地点或时间，第一句话常常是导语，是对整个报道的高度概括。新闻报道要遵循真实性的原则。
1．标题醒目。标题通常放在正文的中央位置，概括该篇报道的主要内容。好的标题能使读者在短时间内了解新闻的主要内容，引起阅读兴趣。
2．导语。导语一般置于报道开头，作用是吸引读者的注意力，因此导语要能高度概括报道的内容，让读者一看就能了解整篇报道最吸引人的地方。
单元话题写作
3．主体简洁、生动。主体一般被认为是导语的注释和补充。主体部分在报道中占相当大的篇幅，主体展开的结构可以以事实的重要程度为序，也可以以时间、空间或逻辑为序。行文要尽量避免使用被动语态，抓住一些显著的细节进行深入描写。注意语法要正确，动词及时态的使用要恰当等。
4．结构。新闻报道通常采用经典的“倒金字塔(the Inverted Pyramid)”结构，由三个部分组成，即标题(headline)、导语(lead?in)和主体(body)。其中主体部分常常按照a list of main ideas，a list of important details这样的顺序来写。
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
·陈述事实要清楚，实词撑起半边天：
A terrible earthquake hit/struck…，killing…，injuring…，leaving…homeless and…destroyed./ …fell down and large cracks were left in…
·陈述观点要客观，避免人物作主语：
According to…/It is said that…/It seemed that…
·解释原因，标志词明显：
because of/thanks to/as a result of/since/as/because/for…
·总结全文，精炼有余味：
In a word…/To draw a conclusion…/It is believed that…
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
5月1日，高一(3)班的学生志愿者李悦和张华去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫卫生、聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则80词左右的新闻报道。
1. 时间、地点、人物、活动；
2. 老人们的反应；
3. 简短评论。
注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)。
单元话题写作
Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderly
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
By Chen Jie，School Newspaper
单元话题写作
One possible version：
Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderly
On May Day，Li Yue and Zhang Hua，students from Class Three，Grade One，went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. Upon their arrival，Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed，and respectfully，they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.
Then，they started working at once，cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. After everything was done，they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly.
单元话题写作
When it was time for the volunteers to leave，the elderly thanked them for their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.
By Chen Jie，School Newspaper
单元知识回眸
重点单词
1．__________ n．苦难；痛苦→________ vt.& vi.遭受
2. ________ adj.极度的→___________ adv.极度地
3. ________ vt.损害；伤害→________ n. 损害；伤害
4. ________ vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动→__________ adj.令人震惊的→_________ adj. 震惊的
5. __________ n．电；电流；电学→__________ adj.电气科学的；与电有关的
6. ________ vt.使惊吓；吓唬→ ___________ adj.受惊吓的→___________ adj.令人恐惧的
7. _______________ n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→_____________v．祝贺
8. ________ vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递→___________ n．表达，表示；词语
suffering
extreme
suffer
injure
shock
electricity
extremely
frighten
congratulation
injury
express
shocking
shocked
electric
frightened
frightening
congratulate
expression
9. ________ vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发
10. ________ n．事件；大事
11. ________ n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
12. ________ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
13. ________ n．轨道；足迹；痕迹
14. ________ n．& vt.援救；营救
15. ________ vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境
16. ________ n．灾难；灾祸
单元知识回眸
burst
event
ruin
destroy
track
rescue
trap
disaster
17. ________ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
18. ________ n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
19. ________ n．& vt.损失；损害
20. ________ n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→____________ n．判断
单元知识回眸
bury
shelter
damage
judge
judgement
单元知识回眸
重点短语
1. ____________________ 掘出；发现
2. ____________________ 埋头于；专心于
3. ____________________ (＝be caught in) 被困在……中
4. ____________________ 被从……解救出
5. ____________________ 不在意，轻视
6. ____________________ 照例；像往常一样
7. ____________________ 许多
dig out
be buried in
be trapped in
be rescued from
think little of
as usual
a (great) number of
单元知识回眸
8. ______________________________________ ……的数量/数字
9. ______________________________________ 立刻；马上
10. ______________________________________ 突然大笑起来
11. ______________________________________ 仿佛；好像
12. ______________________________________ 结束；终结
13. ______________________________________ 严重受损；破败不堪
14. ______________________________________ 代替，而不是
15. ______________________________________ 数以万计的
the number of…
at once/right away
burst into laughter/burst out laughing
as if
at an end
be/lie in ruins
instead of
tens of thousands of
单元知识回眸
16. ______________________________ 在……的北面
17. ______________________________ 从……判断
18. ______________________________ 为……而自豪；引以为荣
19. ______________________________ 向某人表达谢意
20. ______________________________ 发出；公布
to the north of
judge from…
be proud of
express one's thanks to sb
give out
单元知识回眸
重点句式
1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were ____________________．
农家院子里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得无法进食。
2. _____________________the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
3. But the one million people of the city，_______________________ these events，were asleep as usual that night.
但是唐山市的一百万居民没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。
too nervous to eat
It seemed as if
who thought little of
单元知识回眸
4．________________________. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
5．__________________________，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.
在城市北边，一万名矿工中的大多数从煤矿中被救了出来。
6. Workers built shelters for survivors_______________________________．
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
7. Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，____________________ that it was the best one this year.
评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
All hope was not lost
To the north of the city
whose homes had been destroyed
all of whom agreed
单元知识回眸
单元语法
定语从句(Ⅰ)：由关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句
单元写作
如何写新闻报道
延伸拓展阅读
No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!
In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened(铲平) America, killing over 30，000 people in less than four minutes. In the midst of utter devastation and chaos, ①a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
延伸拓展阅读
After the unforgettably initial shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son: “②No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！” And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his promise to his son.
③He began to direct his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son's classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the ruins.
延伸拓展阅读
As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, saying painfully: “My son！” “My daughter！” Other well?meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying: “It's too late! They're all dead! You can't help! Go home! Come on, face reality. There's nothing you can do！”
To each parent he responded with one line: “Are you going to help me now？” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school's ruins saying, “Fires are breaking out, and explosions are happening everywhere. You're in danger. We'll take care of it. Go home.” To which this loving, caring American father asked, “Are you going to help me now？”
延伸拓展阅读
“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building fell down, it made a triangle(三角形), and it saved us.”
“Come out, boy！”
“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me！”
延伸拓展阅读
【典句赏析】
①…a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.……有位父亲将他的妻子在家里安顿好后就急匆匆地赶到儿子所在的学校，却发现学校已夷为平地。
赏析：此句中only to discover是不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的情况。如：
I rushed to the door, only to discover that it was locked and barred.
我冲到门边，却发现门已上锁且闩上了。
延伸拓展阅读
②No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！不管发生什么，我永远都会在你的身边！
赏析：no matter what相当于whatever，此处引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what happens, you can always tell me anything that is in your mind, and I will believe you.
无论发生什么，你都可以告诉我你的任何想法，我会相信你所说的一切。
延伸拓展阅读
③He began to direct his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning.他开始努力回忆每天早上送儿子上学的必经之路。
赏析：where此处引导宾语从句，表示地点。如：
As I looked at them, I knew I had returned to where I should stay, happy and excited.
当我看着他们时，我既高兴又兴奋，我知道我已回到了我该停留的地方。
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
单元总结提升
Earthquake
单元话题导入
How does an earthquake start?
What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the earth's crust (地壳) may have a fault, a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up and down or lengthways (纵向地) against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy is used. This energy is changed into vibrations (振动) and it is these vibrations that we feel as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometres and so an earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece.
单元话题导入
What should we do during an earthquake?
● At school
As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher's desk, get underneath it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.
As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.
单元话题导入
What should we do during an earthquake?
● At school
As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher's desk, get underneath it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.
As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.
单元话题导入
● At home
If you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and don't go out onto the balcony (阳台). Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift—there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside the lift for hours.
单元话题导入
● In the street
If you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or walls—move away as quickly as possible and try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous.
单元话题导入
单元话题导入
Task: Which of the following is true (T) or false (F)?
1. As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the building.( )
2. Students should go to the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop. ( )
3. If you are at home when an earthquake occurs, stand near a big table. ( )
4. The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a lift. ( )
5. If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space. ( )
F
T
F
F
T
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Learn the new words and expressions in this period：
injure, destroy, rescue, event, extreme, think little of, in ruins, It seems as if…
2. Try to describe the present situation of New Tangshan and Los Angeles.
Process and methods
1. Learn the new words and expressions by reading.
2. Describe the New Tangshan and Los Angeles by oral English.
Emotion，attitude and value
Learn about some natural disasters by learning some new words and expressions, and get the students to love the peaceful nature.
重点难点
【重点】
1. New words and expressions.
2. Oral practice about the pictures in Warming Up.
【难点】
1. New words and expressions.
2. Oral practice about the pictures in Warming Up.
教学建议
Learn the new words first, and then do the oral practice according to the instructions and the pictures in Warming Up.
新课导入
【导入一】
Video or film
Show the students a part of the film Tangshan Earthquake to present the new content in this period.
?【导入二】
Pictures
Present some pictures about Wenchuan or Tangshan earthquake to make the students realize the destruction of the natural disaster. And then ask the students to describe the pictures in Warming Up.
课前自主预习
Task One：Fast Reading
Ⅰ. Scan the text to find the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly talks about a(n) __________ that happened in _________ in _______．
Ⅱ. Scan the text to find a topic sentence for each paragraph.
( )1. Paragraph 1 A. Damage caused by the earthquake.
( )2. Paragraphs 2～3 B．Rescue after the earthquake.
( )3. Paragraph 4 C．Signs before the earthquake.
earthquake
Tangshan
1976
C
A
B
课前自主预习
Task Two：Careful Reading
Ⅰ. Read the text carefully and judge the following true (T) or false (F)．
1. People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn't go to bed that night. ( )
2. People in Beijing also felt the earthquake. ( )?
3. More than 400，000 people were killed in the earthquake. ( )
4．Some rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock. ( )
5. People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan. ( )
F
T
F
T
F
课前自主预习
Ⅱ.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What does the title “A night the earth didn't sleep” mean?
A．The whole earth didn't sleep that night.
B．A terrible earthquake hit Tangshan that night.
C．The earthquake happened here and there.
D．The whole nation didn't sleep because of the earthquake.
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
2. Who played the most important part in helping the people in the earthquake?
A．The soldiers and the rescue workers.
B．The college students.
C．The miners in the coal mines.
D．The injured local government officers.
【答案 】 A
课前自主预习
3. We can infer from the text that ________．
A．the whole city was at an end
B．the army's coming brought hope to the city
C．people lost hope when faced with the terrible earthquake
D．the signs before the earthquake weren't obvious at all
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．People were all hopeless after the earthquake.
B．Only small cracks appeared in the walls.
C．The big quake was felt all over the country.
D．Another big quake shook Tangshan later that afternoon.
【答案 】 D
课前自主预习
5. Which of the following words can best describe the feelings of the writer?
A. Pitiful and hopeless.
B. Sorrowful and hopeful.
C. Hopeful and shocked.
D. Merciful and delighted.
【答案 】 B
课前自主预习
Task Three：Micro?writing
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
1．______ July 28，1976，eleven kilometres directly below the city of Tangshan one of the 2.________ (great) earthquakes of 3.________ 20th century began. In fifteen terrible seconds，a large city 4._____ (lie) in ruins. Two?thirds of the people died or 5.___________ (injure)．Thousands of families were killed and many children were left 6._________ parents. Everywhere the 7.________ (survive) found nearly everything was destroyed. People began to wonder how long the disaster 8._________ (last)．All hope was not lost. Many soldiers 9._________ (send) there to help the rescue workers. 10.________ (slow)，the city began to breathe again.
On
greatest
the
lay
were injured
without
survivors
would last
were sent
Slowly
1 burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发
(教材P26) In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支
burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入
【巧学助记】
课堂互动探究
[温馨提示] burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)On hearing the funny joke，everyone present burst into laughter/out laughing.
一听到这个有趣的笑话，在场的每一个人都突然笑了起来。
(2)Frightened were the villagers to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their home.
村民们看到河水将要漫过堤岸淹没他们的家园时吓坏了。
(3)His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.
他一登上台就博得了一阵热烈的掌声。
(4)Between astonishment and joy, she couldn't help ____________________________．
她惊喜交加，禁不住放声大哭起来。
课堂互动探究
bursting into tears/out crying
(5)用适当的介词填空
①It's been dry for so long that the forest could burst ________ flames at any moment.
②He almost burst ________ pride when his son John began to excel at football.
③He burst ________ the room without knocking at the door.
④One minute she burst ________tears，and the next she burst ________laughing. We just couldn't catch her mood at any moment.
课堂互动探究
into
with
into
into
out
2 ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
(教材P26) In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉没在一片废墟之中。
课堂互动探究
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁坏；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁了
(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one‘s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
【巧学助记】
课堂互动探究
【易混辨析】
ruin，destroy，damage
课堂互动探究
ruin 指一次性、彻底的毁坏，无可挽回的伤害，但不一定完全毁灭。此外，ruin多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“坏了”。in ruins意为“成为废墟；遭到严重破坏”
destroy 强调以摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉，使之无法复原；有时用于比喻，意为“打破(希望，计划)；使失败”
damage “损失，损坏”，多用于无生命的东西，指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏”等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复，用于自然灾害或人为过失造成的破坏
【活学活用】
(1)You can't change the past, but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.
你改变不了昨天，但如果你过于忧虑明天，将会毁了今天。
(2)The ancient temple has fallen into ruin and needs repairing.
这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。
(3)It is a pity that many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.
令人遗憾的是，很多著名的流行音乐明星被毒品毁了。
课堂互动探究
(4)The party, which had been greatly looked forward to, ______________by the rude behaviour of an uninvited guest.
那位不速之客举止粗野，破坏了大家热切盼望的聚会。
(5)用ruin，destroy，damage的正确形式填空
①The car was not ____________badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt.
②She had no choice but to leave him. She could not let him ________her whole life.
③The Nazi wanted to ________people's hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people.
课堂互动探究
was ruined
damaged
ruin
destroy
3 injure vt.损害；伤害
(教材P26)Two?thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们当中有三分之二的人在地震中或死或伤。
课堂互动探究
(1)injury n． 损伤，伤害，挫伤
(2)injure one's pride 伤了某人的自尊
be injured in the accident 在事故中受伤
(3)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的
the injured 伤员
【易混辨析】
课堂互动探究
injure “伤害”，一般用于由于意外或事故而受伤，也可指损害名誉、伤害感情等
hurt 表示“受伤”的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害
wound 通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害
【活学活用】
(1)While crossing the road，an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injured.
过马路时，一位老人被汽车撞倒且严重受伤。
(2)Believe it or not，what you said just now injured her pride.
信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了她的自尊心。
(3)He was saved from serious injury, thanks to that brilliant doctor.
他重伤后得救，多亏了那位高明的医生。
课堂互动探究
(4)Rescuers said the injured ______________ (take) to a nearby hospital, and fortunately the injury was not serious.
救援人员称，伤者被送往附近的医院治疗，幸运的是伤势都不严重。
(5)用injure，hurt，wound的正确形式填空
①The only survivor in the plane crash was badly __________but the doctors said he would pull through.
②I was deeply ________ by the way she just ignored me.
③He had once been a soldier. Sadly, he was __________in a war and was crippled(跛腿的)．
课堂互动探究
were taken
injured
hurt
wounded
4 shock vt.&vi. (使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊
(教材P26) People were shocked. 人们惊呆了。
课堂互动探究
(1)be a shock to… 使……吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
It shocked sb to see/hear 看到/听到……使某人震惊
【活学活用】
(1)It was such a shock to hear that you were in an accident. How did it happen?
听到你出了意外，真是很震惊。它是怎么发生的？
(2)Mr Adams was greatly shocked to see his 13?year?old son stealing money from his wallet.
＝It shocked Mr Adams greatly to see his 13?year?old son stealing money from his wallet.
亚当斯先生发现他13岁的儿子正从他的钱包里偷钱时大为震惊。
(3)I was so shocked by what she said that I couldn't believe my ears.
她所讲的情况使我深感震惊， 我真不敢相信自己的耳朵。
课堂互动探究
(4)The ending of the film was so _________that everyone was very ________at it.
这部影片的结局令人如此震惊，以至于每个人都感到非常惊讶。
(5)__________________________________is the fact that this little girl never thought to ask grown?ups for help when she was in trouble.
使我们吃惊的是，在这个小女孩遇到麻烦时，她从未想过向大人求助。
课堂互动探究
shocking
shocked
What shocked us/made us shocked
5 trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境
(教材P26) Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。
课堂互动探究
(1)trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人(做)某事
be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
(2)set traps to do sth 设置陷阱做某事
fall into a trap/be caught in a trap 掉入陷阱；落入圈套
【活学活用】
(1)By the time he realizes he has fallen into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.
到他意识到已经落入圈套的时候，对于他来说做任何事情都为时已晚了。
(2)Some travellers are still trapped in the heavy snow, though most are reported to have been rescued by the police. 一些旅客仍被困在大雪中，虽然大部分据报道已被警方救出。
(3)By clever questioning they trapped him ________making a confession.
他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。
课堂互动探究
into
(4)Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may ____________into giving away important information.
回答他的提问前要仔细思考。你可能会中他的圈套，把机密泄露出去。
(5)Until he saw the ________villagers, he did not realize the seriousness of the floods.
直到他看到受困的村民，他才意识到洪水的严重性。
课堂互动探究
be trapped
trapped
6 bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
(教材P26) The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
课堂互动探究
(1)bury oneself in sth 专心致志于某事
bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习
(2)be buried in thought 沉思
be buried in 埋头于，专心于
(3)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
【活学活用】
(1)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying herself/buried in the book in her hands.
女孩坐在公园的长凳上，埋头读着手里的那本书。
(2)He buried himself in the work so as to get over from the pain of losing his parents.
他埋头工作为的是要从失去双亲的痛苦中恢复过来。
(3)I was looking for my handbag, __________________under a pile of old newspapers.
我正在找我那被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
课堂互动探究
which was buried
(4)Suddenly she began to cry, ________her head under the book so that I couldn't see.
她突然开始哭起来，把头埋在书里以不让我看见。
(5)He stood on the sidewalk with his hands________ in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
他站在人行道上，双手插在黑色长大衣的口袋里。
课堂互动探究
burying
buried
1 dig out 掘出；发现
(教材P26) The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
dig into 研究；探究；细查
dig oneself out of a hole 脱身
【活学活用】
(1)Many countries sent a rescue team to dig out the trapped people and to bury the dead people.
多国派遣了救援队去挖掘被困的人和掩埋死去的人。
(2)Digging further into the medical literature, I found out there was a scientific explanation for all this.
进一步翻阅医学文献后，我发现这些都是有科学依据的。
(3)He's taken these measures to try to __________________a hole.
他已采取了这些措施，试图让自己摆脱困境。
课堂互动探究
dig himself out of
(4)As a reporter, you should pay attention to ______________details when interviewing the important accident and let facts speak for themselves.
作为记者，采访重大事故时你要注意挖掘细节，让事实说话。
(5)I was trapped under the snow. All I could do was hope that someone would come and ______________.
我被困在雪下。我唯一能做的就是希望有人会来把我挖出来。
课堂互动探究
digging out
dig me out
2 at an end 结束，终结
(教材P26) It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
课堂互动探究
(1)at the end of 在……尽头，在……末端
by the end of 到……结束时，到……时候为止(常与完成时态连 用)
in the end 最后
(2)bring sth to an end (使)结束，终止
put an end to 使(结束)，终止
come to an end 结束
【活学活用】
(1)The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.
我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。
(2)The court has passed sentence and the matter is now at an end.
法庭已经宣布了判决，现在这件事已经告一段落。
(3)I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我快没有耐心了。
课堂互动探究
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①By the end of this week, I ________________(finish) most of the work.
②His newly?written novel ____________________(translate) into English by the end of last month.
(5)用end的相关短语填空
①The first round game________________. So far so good. The second round will be tougher.
②I wonder what determined her to marry him ________________．
③The accident ________________ my dream of becoming an Olympic athlete.
④My holiday is ________________ and I must go back to work tomorrow.
课堂互动探究
came to an end
will have finished
had been translated
in the end
put an end to
at an end
3 a (great) number of 许多；大量
(教材P27) Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。
课堂互动探究
【易混辨析】
a number of, the number of
课堂互动探究
a number of 表示“很多；好多”，在number之前可加large，small，great等表示程度。a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式
the number of 表示“……的数量”，后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数而不用复数
【活学活用】
(1)A great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.
我的家乡建起了许多新工厂。
(2)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising since 1990.
自1990年起，上中国大学的外国学生人数一直在上升。
(3)The number of cars on the expressway ____________(rise) because of free passage during holidays.
由于节假日免费通行，高速路上汽车的数量在增加。
课堂互动探究
is rising
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①A number of students ___________(be) invited to the party, but the number of the students now present ________(be) twenty.
②As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ________(keep) rising these days.
课堂互动探究
keeps
have been
is
1 (教材P26) It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
课堂互动探究
句型透视
句型公式
as if=as though 似乎，好像
?【句法分析】
as if＝as though，意为“似乎，好像”，可用来引导表语从句和状语从句。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句要用陈述语气。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It seemed as if the young actor was in trouble because of a kind of illness.
这位年轻演员似乎因某种疾病而陷入了困境。(陈述语气)
(2)Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点儿。(陈述语气)
(3)as if引导的虚拟语气
①The woman loves the children as if she were their mother.
这位女士爱这些孩子，好像她就是他们的妈妈一样。(与现在事实相反)
课堂互动探究
②He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)
③He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't handle the vase as if it ________(be) made of steel.
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__________(do) it?
课堂互动探究
were
had done
2 (教材P26) All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
课堂互动探究
句型公式
all/both…not…=not all/both
并非所有的/两者……都……
【句法分析】
该句是表示部分否定的句型。all…not…＝not all…，意为“并非所有的……都……”。
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Every boy is not interested in sports.
＝Not every boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。(部分否定)
(2)Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult.
＝Not both of the two maths problems are very difficult.
这两道数学题并非都很难。(部分否定)
(3)Nobody agreed with my opinion，which made me very disappointed.
没有人赞同我的观点，这使我非常失望。(全部否定)
课堂互动探究
(4)All horses are animals, but all animals are not horses.
＝All horses are animals, but __________________are horses.
所有的马都是动物，但并非所有的动物都是马。
(5)I agree with most of what you said, but I ________________everything.
你说的话大部分我同意，但并非同意所有的。
课堂互动探究
not all animals
don't agree with
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Learn the following new words and expressions：frightening, congratulation, judge, sincerely, express, as if, at an end, a number of
2. Practise listening and speaking.
Process and methods
1. Do Learning about Language exercises on page 28.
2. Retell the Listening passage after listening.
Emotion，attitude and value
1. Get to know more about natural disasters.
2. Love the world, love our country and love nature.
重点难点
【重点】
1. Listening and speaking.
2. Retell the Listening material.
【难点】
1. Listening and speaking.
2. Retell the Listening material.
教学建议
Try to make the students retell the Listening material to practise oral English.
新课导入
【导入一】
Revision
Review the general meaning of the Reading passage and some detailed sentences. Ask the students to retell the passage in their own words.
【导入二】
Writing
Present a writing material, and then ask the students to write a short passage and use as many Attributive Clauses as possible.
1 damage n．& vt. 损失；损害
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
do/cause damage to 给……带来/造成毁坏
be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
【活学活用】
(1)Eating too much meat at one time will cause damage to your stomach.
一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
(2)When his home was badly damaged in the storm many soldiers came forward to help him repair it.
当他家房子在暴风雨中遭到严重损坏时，许多战士主动来帮助他维修。
(3)This lock is damaged. This door will never open!
这把锁坏了。门打不开了！
课堂互动探究
(4)A number of __________ houses and roads in the earthquake have been repaired up to now.
截至目前，许多在地震中受损的房子和公路已经修好了。
(5)A number of typhoons __________________________to parts of Asia in recent years.
亚洲部分地区在近几年众多台风的摧残下遭受了巨大的损害。
课堂互动探究
damaged
have caused great damage
2 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
(教材P28) It was a frightening night.这是一个令人恐惧的夜晚。
课堂互动探究
(1)be frightened of sth/to do sth 害怕某事/做某事
be frightened at/by… 因……害怕
frighten sb into sth/doing sth 把某人吓得做某事
(2)frightened adj. 害怕的
【活学活用】
(1)The frightening news made all of them frightened to death.
那个令人恐惧的消息使他们都害怕得要命。
(2)The little boy was frightened of his father, as he always pulled a long face in front of him.
小男孩很怕他的爸爸，因为他爸爸总是在他面前板着脸。
(3)His wife was frightened by his words and she spent the night awake and alone.
他的妻子被他的言词吓坏了。那个晚上，她孤枕难眠。
课堂互动探究
(4)It was such a _____________snake that no one dared get close to it.
这条蛇很吓人，结果无人敢接近它。
(5)What ____________ me most was that I knew that this wasn't a made?up story; it had really happened to members of my family.
最让我害怕的是我知道这不是虚构的故事，它真真切切地发生在我的家人身上。
课堂互动探究
frightening
frightened
3 congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词
(教材P30) Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that… 祝贺你！我们很高兴告诉你……
课堂互动探究
(1)offer/send one's congratulations to sb 向某人致以祝贺
congratulations to sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
a letter of congratulation 贺信
(2)congratulate v. 祝贺，向……致祝词
congratulate sb on/upon sth/doing sth 就……向某人道贺
【易混辨析】
congratulate/celebrate
课堂互动探究
congratulate 表示“祝贺”，后接表示人的名词或代词，用于congratulate sb on (doing) sth结构
celebrate 表示“庆祝，庆贺”，常指庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或时刻，可直接跟表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词或代词作宾语
【活学活用】
(1)We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.
当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。
(2)I presented her a flower vase as congratulation on her birthday.
她生日那天，我向她敬献了一只花瓶以示祝贺。
(3)I had hoped to send him a telegram to congratulate him ______his marriage but I didn't manage it.
我本想给他发个电报对他表示新婚祝贺，但是我没有办到。
课堂互动探究
on
(4)Mother sent daughter a short message, congratulating her on ____________(elect) monitor again.
母亲给女儿发来短信，祝贺她再次当选班长。
(5)用congratulate, celebrate的正确形式填空
①I _____________ you on the birth of your daughter.
②He held a dance party to __________his daughter's birthday.
课堂互动探究
being elected
congratulate
celebrate
4 judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决
(教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
课堂互动探究
(1)judgement n． 审判，判决；判断力；意见，看法，评价
(2)judge sb/sth (to be)＋n./adj. 判断……是……
judge sb/sth from/by… 从……来判断
judge between right and wrong判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为
(3)judging from/by… 根据……判断
[温馨提示] judging from/by…置于句首作状语。v.?ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking坦白地说；considering…考虑到……。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence.
他面无表情地站在那里，听法官宣布判决。
(2)Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.
无论你是否认同，别人将通过你的个人形象来判断你。
(3)__________________，it is necessary to pay him a visit.
在我看来，有必要去拜访一下他。
课堂互动探究
In my judgement
(4)________________________，it is he rather than you is to blame.
据我判断，是他而不是你该受责备。
(5)________________ his puzzled expression, I realized he knew nothing about the accident.
从他迷惑不解的表情判断，我意识到他对事故一无所知。
课堂互动探究
As far as I can judge
Judging from
1 be proud of 为……而自豪
(教材P30) Your parents and your school should be very proud of you！你的父母和你的学校应该为你感到非常骄傲！
课堂互动探究
短语储存
take pride in 对……感到骄傲
feel proud of 对……感到骄傲
【活学活用】
(1)She is such a beautiful girl that her mother is proud of her.
她是一个如此美丽的女孩以至于她的母亲以她为傲。
(2)This is my first time to look after my baby brother and I feel proud of myself.
这是我第一次照顾我的小弟，我感到很自豪。
课堂互动探究
(3)Over the years, the professor has taken part in a number of projects and programmes ________ which she is proud.
这些年来，这位教授参与了许多她值得骄傲的工程和项目。
(4)He took great pride _________ his work and cared about every customer who came through his door.
他为自己的工作而非常自豪，并且关心每一位来到店里的顾客。
课堂互动探究
of
in
2 give out 发出；放出；公布；用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽
课堂互动探究
give away 赠送；分发；放弃(机会)；泄露(秘密)
give in 屈服；交上
give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)
give up 放弃
【活学活用】
(1)The English teacher gave out the exam papers at 7：50.
英语教师七点五十分发考卷。(分发； 散发)
(2)The news of the event was given out over the radio.
这个事件的消息通过广播发布了。(公布； 宣布)
(3)When we were only a few miles from our destination the petrol gave out.
当我们离目的地只有几英里的路程时，汽油用完了。(耗尽； 用完)
课堂互动探究
(4)用适当的介词或副词填空。
①I need to give ________ some of these old baby clothes. Do you want some?
②But finally, he was forced to give ________．
③The flowers gave ________ a sweet smell.
④The doctor advised him to give ________ smoking.
⑤Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give________ the shocking ending.
课堂互动探究
away
in
off
up
away
1 (教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
课堂互动探究
句型透视
句型公式
主句，all/both/most of whom 引导的定语从句
【句法分析】 本句是一个非限制性定语从句，whom指代five judges，all of whom相当于and all of them；在“all, most, some, few, none, three等＋of whom/which”引导的定语从句中，whom指代“人”，which指代“物”，of表示“部分与整体”的关系。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)My family, all of whom are film lovers, are going to the movie tonight. 我的家人都是电影爱好者，今晚将去看电影。
(2)He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
他给了那个男孩10美元让他擦十扇窗户，大部分窗户至少一年没擦了。
(3)I have about 20 books, ________________were written by Mo Yan, the famous writer.
我大概有20本书，一半都是著名作家莫言所写。
课堂互动探究
half of which
(4)The old lady has two daughters, ________________ have become famous doctors.
这个老太太有两个女儿，都已成为著名的医生。
(5)The factory produces sports shoes of fine quality, one?third of which ________ (sell) abroad.
这家工厂生产优质运动鞋，其中三分之一卖往国外。
课堂互动探究
both of whom
are sold
2 (教材P30) As you know，this is the day the quake happened…你知道，这一天正是(唐山)发生地震的日子……
课堂互动探究
句型公式
as 引导的非限制性定语从句
【句法分析】
as you know是非限制性定语从句，as代替整个主句的内容。as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)As I expected，he got the first place again in this midterm examination.
正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
(2)As is known to us，China has the largest population in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
(3)They would send up another man?made satellite，________________ (report) last week，with the help of the foreign company.
正如上周所报道的，在这家外国公司的帮助下，他们将要发射另一颗人造卫星。
课堂互动探究
as was reported
(4)The air quality in the city, ______________ (show) in the report, has improved over the past two months.
正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这座城市的空气质量已有所改善。
课堂互动探究
as is shown
三维目标
Knowledge and skills
1. Understand the structure in this unit: Attributive Clause.
2. Master the use of Relative Pronouns.
3. Make complex sentences with two or more simple sentences.
Process and methods
1. Explain the definition and the uses of the Attributive Clause to enable the students to know its use.
2. Strengthen the grammar structure by doing more practice.
Emotion，attitude and value
Get more information about natural disasters.
重点难点
【重点】
1. The definition and the use of Attributive Clause.
2. The use of Relative Pronouns.
【难点】
1. The definition and the use of Attributive Clause.
2. The use of Relative Pronouns.
教学建议
Do more practice to enable the students to understand the use of Attributive Clause.
新课导入
【导入一】
Show examples.
Show some examples on the Attributive Clause first, and then ask the students to analyse the structure of the example sentences in order to make them know the use and the features of the Attributive Clause.
【导入二】
Do exercises.
Do some sentence?combining exercises to present the Attributive Clause.
语法归纳
定语从句(Ⅰ)
?一、定义及分类
注：本单元主要学习关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose引导的限制性定语从句。
定语从句
定义 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制作用的从句
关系词 关系代词 who; whom; whose; which; that; as
关系副词 when; where; why
分类 限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
语法归纳
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。如：
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。
The children who/that were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。(who/that引导定语从句)
Those who show respect always gain respect from others.
尊重别人的人总能得到别人的尊重。
语法归纳
2．whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。如：
There was no person to whom I could turn for help in the street last night.
昨天晚上，街上没有一个我能够求助的人。(whom在句中作介词to的宾语)
The teacher (whom) you are waiting for is coming.
你等的那位老师来了。
3．whose既可指人，也可指物，其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，在从句中作定语。如：
Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
任何因家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(whose引导定语从句)
语法归纳
I met an old woman yesterday whose sons all had ever studied abroad.
昨天我遇到一位老太太，她的儿子们都曾到国外学习过。
He bought a house last week whose window is made of wood.上周他买了一座房子，其窗户是由木头做的。
4．which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。如：
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years.
桂林是一座有2000年历史的城市。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.
那个年轻人拿回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，他非常高兴。
语法归纳
5．that既可指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。如：
The old man has a son who/that is in the army.
那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。
The spacecraft that/which finished its task has returned to the earth.
完成使命的宇宙飞船已返回地球。(that/which引导定语从句)
三、关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much等不定代词时。如：
The old man tried to write down all that he had gone through in his life.
这位老人尽力把他平生经历的事情都写下来。(先行词为all)
语法归纳
2．当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very，the only修饰时。如：
He has been using the very pen that he bought ten years ago.
他一直用着十年前买的那支钢笔。(先行词被the very修饰)
I will always remember the first lesson that was given by Miss Dora.
我将永远记住多拉女士给我上的第一节课。(先行词被the first修饰)
3．当先行词既包括人又包括物时。如：
The school hopes that the teachers and the teaching equipment that they need will be sent at once.
语法归纳
学校希望他们需要的师资和教学设备马上被送到。(先行词为the teachers and the teaching equipment)
4．当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：
Who is the person that you talked to just now?
刚刚和你说话的那个人是谁？(以who开头的特殊疑问句)
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 把下面的句子转换成定语从句
1．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
→I have a friend_______________ listening to classical music.
2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her.
→Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress ___________________I gave her.
3．The student's article was published. I know the student.
→I know the student ________article was published.
who/that likes
that/which/不填
whose
语法归纳
4．Betty is studying English very well. She has never been abroad.
→Betty, __________________________， is studying English very well.
5．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house, ________is more than 100 years old.
who has never been abroad
which
语法归纳
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
1．These articles are written in simple language, __________ makes them easy to read.
2．Do you still remember the chicken farm __________________ we visited three months ago?
3．They talked about their classmates and things ________ they still remembered in middle school.
4. In the end, she decided to sell the house ________ windows were almost all broken.
5. Women ___________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don't.
which
that/which/不填
that
whose
who/that
who
基础写作知识
掌握句子的基本成分，熟悉词性的语法功能(四)
定语
[基本概念] 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
[定语与词类的对接] 定语——1.形容词； 2.名词； 3.代词； 4.不定式短语； 5.动名词； 6.分词； 7.介词短语； 8. 定语从句。
1．形容词作定语
I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class.
我喜欢班上友好的气氛。
基础写作知识
2．名词作定语
We planted many apple trees last year.
去年，我们栽了许多苹果树。
3．代词作定语
We love our country.
我们热爱我们的祖国。
4．不定式作定语
I have a lot of clothes to wash．
我有许多衣服要洗。
基础写作知识
5．动名词作定语
The children are swimming in the swimming pool.
孩子们在游泳池里游泳。?
6．分词作定语
There are many fallen leaves in the yard.
院子里有许多落叶。
基础写作知识
7. 介词短语作定语
Who is the girl with long black hair?
留黑色长发的那个女孩是谁？
8. 定语从句作定语
God helps those who help themselves．
自助者天助。
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
根据句意完成下列句子，注意定语的不同形式
1．Today is a ___________________________day. 今天是美好的一天。(形容词)
2．It's my ________present________________．(名词；介词短语)
这是父亲给我的生日礼物。
3．During the break, ______________teacher asked me to visit him. (代词＋名词)
在课间，我的数学老师要我去找他。
beautiful/nice/great/lovely
birthday
from my father
my maths
基础写作知识
4．Another suggestion is to give us more chances________________．(不定式)
另一个建议是给我们更多的讲英语的机会。
5. We don't need to do so ________ homework.
我们没有必要做如此多的作业。
to speak English
much
单元话题写作
写一篇新闻报道
【写作点拨】
新闻报道通常有比较固定的写作格式，如报道的开头通常是地点或时间，第一句话常常是导语，是对整个报道的高度概括。新闻报道要遵循真实性的原则。
1．标题醒目。标题通常放在正文的中央位置，概括该篇报道的主要内容。好的标题能使读者在短时间内了解新闻的主要内容，引起阅读兴趣。
2．导语。导语一般置于报道开头，作用是吸引读者的注意力，因此导语要能高度概括报道的内容，让读者一看就能了解整篇报道最吸引人的地方。
单元话题写作
3．主体简洁、生动。主体一般被认为是导语的注释和补充。主体部分在报道中占相当大的篇幅，主体展开的结构可以以事实的重要程度为序，也可以以时间、空间或逻辑为序。行文要尽量避免使用被动语态，抓住一些显著的细节进行深入描写。注意语法要正确，动词及时态的使用要恰当等。
4．结构。新闻报道通常采用经典的“倒金字塔(the Inverted Pyramid)”结构，由三个部分组成，即标题(headline)、导语(lead?in)和主体(body)。其中主体部分常常按照a list of main ideas，a list of important details这样的顺序来写。
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
·陈述事实要清楚，实词撑起半边天：
A terrible earthquake hit/struck…，killing…，injuring…，leaving…homeless and…destroyed./ …fell down and large cracks were left in…
·陈述观点要客观，避免人物作主语：
According to…/It is said that…/It seemed that…
·解释原因，标志词明显：
because of/thanks to/as a result of/since/as/because/for…
·总结全文，精炼有余味：
In a word…/To draw a conclusion…/It is believed that…
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
5月1日，高一(3)班的学生志愿者李悦和张华去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫卫生、聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则80词左右的新闻报道。
1. 时间、地点、人物、活动；
2. 老人们的反应；
3. 简短评论。
注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)。
单元话题写作
Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderly
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
By Chen Jie，School Newspaper
单元话题写作
One possible version：
Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderly
On May Day，Li Yue and Zhang Hua，students from Class Three，Grade One，went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work. Upon their arrival，Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed，and respectfully，they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.
Then，they started working at once，cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. After everything was done，they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly.
单元话题写作
When it was time for the volunteers to leave，the elderly thanked them for their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.
By Chen Jie，School Newspaper
单元知识回眸
重点单词
1．__________ n．苦难；痛苦→________ vt.& vi.遭受
2. ________ adj.极度的→___________ adv.极度地
3. ________ vt.损害；伤害→________ n. 损害；伤害
4. ________ vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动→__________ adj.令人震惊的→_________ adj. 震惊的
5. __________ n．电；电流；电学→__________ adj.电气科学的；与电有关的
6. ________ vt.使惊吓；吓唬→ ___________ adj.受惊吓的→___________ adj.令人恐惧的
7. _______________ n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→_____________v．祝贺
8. ________ vt.表示；表达 n．快车；速递→___________ n．表达，表示；词语
suffering
extreme
suffer
injure
shock
electricity
extremely
frighten
congratulation
injury
express
shocking
shocked
electric
frightened
frightening
congratulate
expression
9. ________ vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发
10. ________ n．事件；大事
11. ________ n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
12. ________ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
13. ________ n．轨道；足迹；痕迹
14. ________ n．& vt.援救；营救
15. ________ vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境
16. ________ n．灾难；灾祸
单元知识回眸
burst
event
ruin
destroy
track
rescue
trap
disaster
17. ________ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
18. ________ n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
19. ________ n．& vt.损失；损害
20. ________ n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→____________ n．判断
单元知识回眸
bury
shelter
damage
judge
judgement
单元知识回眸
重点短语
1. ____________________ 掘出；发现
2. ____________________ 埋头于；专心于
3. ____________________ (＝be caught in) 被困在……中
4. ____________________ 被从……解救出
5. ____________________ 不在意，轻视
6. ____________________ 照例；像往常一样
7. ____________________ 许多
dig out
be buried in
be trapped in
be rescued from
think little of
as usual
a (great) number of
单元知识回眸
8. ______________________________________ ……的数量/数字
9. ______________________________________ 立刻；马上
10. ______________________________________ 突然大笑起来
11. ______________________________________ 仿佛；好像
12. ______________________________________ 结束；终结
13. ______________________________________ 严重受损；破败不堪
14. ______________________________________ 代替，而不是
15. ______________________________________ 数以万计的
the number of…
at once/right away
burst into laughter/burst out laughing
as if
at an end
be/lie in ruins
instead of
tens of thousands of
单元知识回眸
16. ______________________________ 在……的北面
17. ______________________________ 从……判断
18. ______________________________ 为……而自豪；引以为荣
19. ______________________________ 向某人表达谢意
20. ______________________________ 发出；公布
to the north of
judge from…
be proud of
express one's thanks to sb
give out
单元知识回眸
重点句式
1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were ____________________．
农家院子里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得无法进食。
2. _____________________the world was at an end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
3. But the one million people of the city，_______________________ these events，were asleep as usual that night.
但是唐山市的一百万居民没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。
too nervous to eat
It seemed as if
who thought little of
单元知识回眸
4．________________________. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
5．__________________________，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.
在城市北边，一万名矿工中的大多数从煤矿中被救了出来。
6. Workers built shelters for survivors_______________________________．
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
7. Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，____________________ that it was the best one this year.
评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为那是今年最好的演讲。
All hope was not lost
To the north of the city
whose homes had been destroyed
all of whom agreed
单元知识回眸
单元语法
定语从句(Ⅰ)：由关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句
单元写作
如何写新闻报道
延伸拓展阅读
No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!
In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened(铲平) America, killing over 30，000 people in less than four minutes. In the midst of utter devastation and chaos, ①a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
延伸拓展阅读
After the unforgettably initial shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son: “②No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！” And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his promise to his son.
③He began to direct his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son's classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the ruins.
延伸拓展阅读
As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, saying painfully: “My son！” “My daughter！” Other well?meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying: “It's too late! They're all dead! You can't help! Go home! Come on, face reality. There's nothing you can do！”
To each parent he responded with one line: “Are you going to help me now？” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school's ruins saying, “Fires are breaking out, and explosions are happening everywhere. You're in danger. We'll take care of it. Go home.” To which this loving, caring American father asked, “Are you going to help me now？”
延伸拓展阅读
“There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building fell down, it made a triangle(三角形), and it saved us.”
“Come out, boy！”
“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me！”
延伸拓展阅读
【典句赏析】
①…a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.……有位父亲将他的妻子在家里安顿好后就急匆匆地赶到儿子所在的学校，却发现学校已夷为平地。
赏析：此句中only to discover是不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的情况。如：
I rushed to the door, only to discover that it was locked and barred.
我冲到门边，却发现门已上锁且闩上了。
延伸拓展阅读
②No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you！不管发生什么，我永远都会在你的身边！
赏析：no matter what相当于whatever，此处引导让步状语从句。如：
No matter what happens, you can always tell me anything that is in your mind, and I will believe you.
无论发生什么，你都可以告诉我你的任何想法，我会相信你所说的一切。
延伸拓展阅读
③He began to direct his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning.他开始努力回忆每天早上送儿子上学的必经之路。
赏析：where此处引导宾语从句，表示地点。如：
As I looked at them, I knew I had returned to where I should stay, happy and excited.
当我看着他们时，我既高兴又兴奋，我知道我已回到了我该停留的地方。