Unit 3　Under the sea 单元导学课件（166张）

Unit 3　 Under the sea
Period One　Warming Up & Reading
Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three　Grammar
Period Four　Writing
? 单元总结提升
鲸鱼不是鱼,而是一种生活在海洋中的大型哺乳动物。它们的生活习性是很有趣的!
“The noise made by boats of whale watching tourists may be causing communication problems for the animals,” British researchers said last week.
单元话题导入
Whale watching is a popular tourist activity in places where groups of killer whales live. Every day, dozens of boats filled with tourists go to watch the beautiful animals. Unfortunately, the engines of the boats make a lot of noise,and that may be causing problems for the whales,according to a report in the US science magazine Nature.
The whales travel in groups, and communicate with each other through sonic(声波的) calls that some scientists refer to as singing. The sounds of the boat engines may be creating too much background noise for the whales to be able to hear each other.
单元话题导入
The researchers listened to recordings of whale calls made between 15 and 25 years ago, before whale watching became popular. These were compared to more recent recordings.
They found that the animals have started to sing for longer than they used to, like a person shouting to a friend across a noisy room.
It is believed that the whales are trying to communicate hunting or breeding information. Scientists said that,if this is prevented, the future of the world ' s whale population could be in danger.
单元话题导入
“Animals become slow in mind and repeat themselves in noisy areas,” said Volker Deecke, a Canadian biologist. “They have to say things twice or three times in order to be understood.”
The killer whales studied were living off the coast of north-western America. The number of killer whales in this area has been falling for several years, but scientists are not sure why.
单元话题导入
根据短文内容回答下面问题。
1.Why may the boats which carry visitors cause problems?
________________________________________________________________________
2.What does the passage mainly tell us?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3.Why do whales sing according to the passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
单元话题导入
Because the engines of the boats make a lot of noise.
It mainly tells us communication problems of the killer whales caused by whale watching.
To communicate with each other./To communicate hunting or breeding information.
Ⅰ.Scan the text to find the main idea of the passage.
The text mainly tells us
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Fast Reading
课前自主预习
Task One
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
two anecdotes about Clancy ' s experience at a whaling station,telling us how Old Tom,the killer,helped whalers catch huge whales and protected James from being attacked by a shark
Ⅱ. Read the passage to find the questions of Reading by joining the correct parts of the sentences.
(　　)1. How did the killers send the message to the whalers?
(　　)2. How did Old Tom lead the way?
(　　)3. How did the killers help the whalers kill the whale?
(　　)4. How did Old Tom protect James?
课前自主预习
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
D
C
A
B
A. It was teamwork. They were throwing themselves on top of the whale ' s blow-hole. And those others were stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea.
B. Not letting the shark near and holding James firmly up in the water.
C. Throwing themselves out of the water and then crashing down again.
D. Swimming by the boat,showing the whalers the way.
课前自主预习
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
Ⅰ. Judge the following statements True(T) or False(F).
1. The writer didn ' t believe that killer whales could help whale hunters until he saw it with his own eyes. (　　)
2. When the writer heard the great noise, he knew that a killer whale was telling them that there was a whale nearby.(　　)
?3. George could hardly wait to hunt a whale and followed the killer without putting on right clothes. (　　)
Careful Reading
课前自主预习
Task Two
T
F
F
4. George beat the water with his oar so that the killer could swim faster. (　　)
5. There were altogether seven killers attacking a whale. (　　)
6. After the whale died, the hunters dragged it home.(　　)
7. It was a shark that saved James after he fell into the sea.(　　)
课前自主预习
T
F
F
F
Ⅱ.Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What's the main idea of the first anecdote?
A.About a hunting experience of Old Tom.
B.About how the killer whales helped the whalers to hunt a whale.
C.About how the whales killed Old Tom.
D.About how the killer whales killed the whales.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
B
2. Why did George beat the water with his oar?
A.To frighten the whales away.
B.To call back Old Tom to lead the way.
C.To attract the attention of huge whales.
D.To send signals to other whales.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
B
3. Why did the men start turning the boat around to go home after the whale died?
A.Because they didn't need a dead whale.
B.Because they couldn't find the whale's body.
C.Because they knew that the dead whale wouldn't float up to the surface for around 24 hours.
D.They had to do this because it was too late.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
C
4. What does the word “it” in the sentence “He let it go and the harpoon hit the spot.” refer to?
A.The whale.
B.The boat.
C.The harpoon.
D.The killer.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
Ｃ
5. From the second anecdote,we can infer from the text that __________.?
A.the killer whales want to help man catch the whales themselves
B.the killer whales want to eat the whales after killing them
C.the killer whales may be trained by the whalers
D.the killer whales need no training for helping the whalers
课前自主预习
【答案】　
Ｃ
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
　　 I had heard of the killers that helped whalers catch huge whales. When I worked at a whaling station, I 1. ___________(witness) it many times. On the afternoon I arrived at the station, I heard a loud noise 2.___________ (come) from the bay. We ran down to the shore 3. 　　　　_______time to see an enormous animal throwing itself out of the water. George, one of the whalers, told me that it was Old Tom, the killer, who 4.________________(tell) us there's a whale. Another whaler yelled out
课前自主预习
witnessed
Micro?writing
Task Three
coming
in
was telling
5.______________(announce) a whale hunt. We 6._______________(immediate) headed out into the bay, with Old Tom showed us the way. 7. ___________ 　　　　(use) a telescope we saw that several killers over there were throwing 8. _____________ (they) on top of the whale's blow-hole to stop it breathing, 9. ___________others were stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea. Then the man in the bow of the boat aimed at the whale and 10. ___________(kill) it. These killers never harmed or attacked people. Once when we were in the bay, the sea was rough, for which James was carried away by waves. Worse still, there was a shark. Fortunately, Old Tom rescued James.
课前自主预习
to announce
immediately
Using
themselves
while
killed
1 witness 　 vt.当场见到;目击 n.目击者;证人;证据
(教材P20)I thought,at the time,that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.当时我以为这只是个故事,但是后来我亲眼见证过多次。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
课堂互动探究
(1)witness to…(to为介词) 　证实,证明……
witness for 为……作证
be witnessed by 由……证明
(2)be a witness to 是……的证据/证人
bear/give witness to 做……的证人,为……作证
【活学活用】
(1)One witness to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk.
这次事故的一个目击者说司机看上去喝醉了。
(2)China ' s rapid development in the last years has witnessed a powerful country.
中国近几年的快速发展见证了中国是一个强大的国家。
(3)Several people said they _______________________________________________.?
几个人说他们目击了这个袭击事件。
课堂互动探究
had witnessed the attack/were witnesses to the attack
(4)His good health is __________________________________________.?
他身体好就是这种疗法成功的证明。
(5)He witnessed ____________________________.?
他看见那个人被杀了。
课堂互动探究
a witness to the success of the treatment
that the man was killed
2 accommodation 　 n.住所;住宿;和解
(教材P20)On the afternoon I arrived at the station,as I was sorting out my accommodation,I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.有一天下午我来到捕鲸站,正在整理住处的时候,我听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
课堂互动探究
(1)make/offer accommodations for 为……提供食宿
arrange sb ' s accommodation 给某人安排住处
(2)accommodate vt.　向……提供住处(或食宿);容纳,招待住宿;供应,供给;使适 应,使适合,调节适应……
accommodate sb with 向……提供
【活学活用】
(1)The travel agency has arranged our accommodations.
旅行社已为我们安排了住宿。
(2)I quickly needed to accommodate to the new schedule.
我需要迅速适应新的时间表。
课堂互动探究
(3)Thank you very much for __________________________________me.?
非常感谢您为我提供膳宿。
(4)We must ____________________________ new conditions.?
我们必须使自己适应新的情况。
课堂互动探究
making accommodations for
accommodate ourselves to
3 opposite 　 prep.在……对面 adj.相对的;相反的
(教材P20)We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. 我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠落到水里。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)opposite prep. 　　　在……的对面
adj. 相对的,相反的
adv. 在对面
(be) opposite to 在……对面;与……相反
on the opposite side of 在……的对面
(2)oppose vt. 反对
(3)opposed adj. 反对的
be opposed to… 反对……
(4)opposing adj. 对抗的
【活学活用】
(1)I thought the medicine would make him sleep, but it had the opposite effect.
我认为这药会使他入睡,但效果完全相反。
(2)The grocery store was on the opposite side of the street.
杂货店在街对面。
课堂互动探究
(3)Most of us ___________________the new policy.?
我们中的很多人反对这项新政策。
(4)The ______________armies were already preparing for war. 反对派的军队已经在备战了。
课堂互动探究
are opposed to
opposing
4 pause 　 vi.& n.暂停,停顿
(教材P20)Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.
一刻不停地,我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船,朝海湾方向驶去。
课堂互动探究
(1)pause to do sth 　　　停下来去做某事
pause for 停下来为……
(2)give sb pause (for thought) 让某人停下来(仔细思考)
without pause 不停
【活学活用】
(1)He paused for breath and then continued climbing.
他停下来喘了口气,然后继续爬山。
(2)After a brief pause,they continued climbing.
他们略停了一下就继续爬山。
课堂互动探究
(3)She _______________her video _________answer the phone.?
她停下录像机去接电话。
(4)英汉互译
①His reply was delivered with scarcely a pause for breath.
________________________________________
②她在门口驻足片刻,然后离开了。
________________________________________
课堂互动探究
paused
to
他的回答一气呵成,几乎没有停顿。
She paused at the door and then left.
5 flee 　 vi.逃避;逃跑vt.逃离
(教材P20)And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea…
而其他那些(虎鲸)则阻止它潜水或逃到海里去……
课堂互动探究
flee(from) 　　　　　　　　从……逃跑
flee to/into 逃到……
flee in all directions/every direction 四处逃窜
flee the responsibility 逃避责任
【活学活用】
(1)Tom was lucky to flee the burning hotel.
汤姆很幸运地逃出了失火的旅馆。
(2)He fled to London after an argument with his family.
他与家人争吵后离家去了伦敦。
课堂互动探究
(3)The guests watched as she ________________the room. ?
客人们看着她逃离了房间。
(4)It is obvious that the young wanted to __________________________.?
很明显,这个年轻人想逃避责任。
课堂互动探究
fled from
flee the responsibility
6 drag 　 vt.拖;拉;扯
(教材P20)Within a moment or two,its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea.过了片刻,鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中去了。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
drag down 　　使健康情况变坏;使道德水平或社会地位下降
drag away 拖走
drag up 提起(不愿回忆或谈论的事)
drag out 拖出来;(使)拖延
drag on 使拖延;延长(声调、字眼等)

【易混辨析】
(1)pull“拉”,普通用词,指“用力拉”,当不强调力的大小时,与push相对。
(2)draw与pull意思相近,不表力度、强度如何,通常指“拖、拉”的动作,比pull更均匀、平稳、从容。
(3)drag指艰难而缓慢地“拖、拉”笨重的东西,含“费力和用劲”之意。
课堂互动探究
【语境助记】
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He grabbed her and dragged her away.
他抓住她,把她拖走了。
(2)If he fails,he ' ll drag us all down with him.
要是他失败了,他会使我们大家连同他一起毁掉的。
(3)He __________himself ____________bed.?
他挣扎着起了床。
课堂互动探究
drags
out of
(4)The party was so good that I couldn't __________myself __________.?
聚会太开心了,我舍不得离开。
(5)用drag,draw和pull的适当形式填空
①My brother __________a heavy box out of a cupboard.?
②They __________hard,but the big rock remained immovable.?
③Please __________the curtain across the window.?
课堂互动探究
drag
dragged
draw
away
pulled
7 urge 　vt. 催促;极力主张;驱策
(教材P20) “Man overboard!Turn the boat around!”urged George,
shouting loudly.
乔治大声催促道:“有人落水了!把船头调回去!”
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)urge sb to do sth 　　　催促某人做某事
urge sth on/upon sb =urge on/upon sb sth 向某人极力陈述某事
urge sb into doing sth 催促/力劝某人做某事
urge that…(should) +动词原形(用虚拟语气) 催促;极力主张……
(2)have an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的;急迫的
(4)urgently adv. 紧急地;急迫地
[温馨提示] urge后跟从句时,从句需用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可省略。与之用法相同的单词可用以下口诀表示:一坚持insist;二命令order,command;三建议suggest,advise,propose;四要求desire,demand,require,request。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)They urged us to go at once.
他们催促我们马上去。
(2)I have a sudden urge to go to the countryside.
我突然想到乡下去一趟。
(3)The central government _____________________________________production on local mines.?
中央政府向当地煤矿强调安全生产的重要性。
课堂互动探究
urges the importance of safety in
(4)The government _____________________________reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.?
政府呼吁市民们帮助减少市区内的噪声和空气污染。
(5)The public urge that smoking ?________________________in public places for the sake of others' health.?
公众强烈要求为了他人的健康,在公共场所应禁止吸烟。
课堂互动探究
urged the citizens to help
(should) be banned
8 abandon 　 vt.遗弃;抛弃;放弃;(使)沉湎于 n.放任;放纵
(教材P21)From James's face,I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.从詹姆斯的脸上,我能看出他害怕被我们遗弃。
课堂互动探究
(1)abandon sth 　　　　　放弃某物
abandon oneself to 沉湎于……
(2)in/with abandon 放肆地;恣意地
(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放荡的
【活学活用】
(1)Without worrying about anything,she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure.
由于没有什么可担忧的,她沉溺于娱乐生活之中。
(2)My dad abandoned smoking because of his poor health.
因为身体不好,我的父亲戒烟了。
课堂互动探究
(3)He ___________________________deep despair when the news came that his wife had been killed in a car accident.?
当他妻子因车祸丧生的消息传来时,他陷入了深深的绝望。
(4)Ten days later, the boy ______________________________was adopted by an old man.?
十天后,这个被父母抛弃的男孩被一位老人收养了。
课堂互动探究
abandoned himself to
abandoned by his parents
1 sort out 　分类;整理;解决(问题/困难)
(教材P20)…as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.我正在整理住处时,听到来自海湾的响亮的吵闹声。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
sort itself out 　　自行解决
sort sb out 收拾某人,惩罚某人
sort of 有点儿,有几分
all sorts of 各种各样
【活学活用】
(1)I'm just sorting out the papers that can be thrown away. 我正在整理可以扔掉的文件。
(2)It seems that we are sort of doing it in the wrong way.
我们的方法好像有点儿不对。
(3)Wait till I am free—I will __________________(收拾他).?
(4)We've got a few little problems ________________(要解决).
课堂互动探究
sort him out
to sort out
2 in the meantime　同时;在此期间
(教材P20)In the meantime,Old Tom,and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue…在这段时间里,老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿……
课堂互动探究
in the meantime=in the meanwhile=at the same time 同时;在此期间
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)I like skiing and in the meantime,I know it's very dangerous. 我喜欢滑雪,同时也知道这非常危险。
(2)The doctor will see you again next week. Meanwhile/In the meanwhile, you must rest as much as possible.
医生下周再来看你,同时(在此期间),你必须尽可能多地休息。
课堂互动探究
(3)My first novel was rejected by six publishers. ___________________________
I had written a play. ?
我的第一部小说遭到六家出版商的拒绝。其间我又完成了一部戏剧。
(4)_______________________________, matters in the house did not improve. ?
在这段时间里,家庭情况并没有好转。
Meanwhile/In the meantime
Meanwhile/In the meantime
3 hold up　举起;使延误
(教材P21)…when we approached him, I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.……当我们靠近他时,我看到詹姆斯正在被老汤姆稳稳地在水中举着。
课堂互动探究
hold back=keep back 　　　　　阻止;抑制(眼泪等)
hold on (电话)不挂断
hold on to 抓住不放
hold out 伸出;提供(机会)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)She held up her hat to me, and I winked at her.
她向我抬了抬她的帽子,我则向她眨了眨眼。
(2)I was held up on the way, so I was late.
我在路上耽搁了,所以来晚了。
课堂互动探究
(3)I ___________________(举手) to show that I had a question.?
(4)He was very sad, but he managed to _____________________(忍住眼泪).?
(5)Facing the difficulty, they determined to _____________________ (坚持到最后).
held up my hand
hold back his tears
hold on to the last
4 help (…) out　帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
(教材P21)What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?有老汤姆帮助捕鲸人摆脱困境的证据吗?
课堂互动探究
help sb (to) do sth 　　　　帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
can't help but do sth 不得不做某事
can't help doing sth 忍不住做某事
cannot help (to) do sth 不能帮忙做某事
help oneself to sth 随便取;随便用
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)In China people often ask the police to help them out when in trouble.
在中国人们遇到麻烦的时候经常找警察帮忙。
(2)In that situation, I couldn't help but wait.
在那种情况下,我没办法只得等。
(3)When hearing the joke,she couldn't help laughing.
听到那个笑话,她忍不住笑了。
课堂互动探究
(4)His friend ___________him ____________his financial difficulties. ?
他的朋友帮助他摆脱了经济困难。
(5)I _____________________admire his courage,strength and competence.?
我不得不赞赏他的勇气、力量和能力。
(6)She ____________________________when she heard the funny story. ?
当她听到那个滑稽的故事后,她禁不住笑了起来。
helped
can ' t help but
could not help laughing
out of
1 (教材P20)As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 随着我们的逼近, 我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他约六条虎鲸袭击。
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
现在分词短语作宾语补足语
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
see a whale being attacked“看到一条鲸鱼正在被袭击”, 句中“being attacked”作宾语补足语, 表示动作正在被进行。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)In the factory children saw toys being made.
孩子们在工厂里看到玩具正在被制作。
(2)People saw a drowning child being saved.
人们看到一个溺水的孩子正被救上来。
(3)He saw a dog ________________at the street.?
在街上他看到了一条狗正在被杀。
(4)Yesterday I saw him ___________________by the teacher.?
昨天我看到他正在被老师批评。
being killed
being criticized
2 (教材P21)It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James…我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯……
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
　　It takes (sb) some time to do sth. 某人花费一段时间做某事。
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
It takes (sb) some time to do sth. 表示“某人花费一段时间做某事。”,其中it为形式主语,动词不定式短语为真正的主语。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
“某人花费一段时间做某事”的其他表达方式:
sb spends some time (in) doing sth
sb spends some time on sth
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It took the workers one and a half years to build the teaching building.
工人们建这座教学楼用了一年半的时间。
(2)It takes about two hours to get there from here by bus.
乘公共汽车从这儿去那儿大约花两个小时的时间。
课堂互动探究
(3)He _______________________________English in England.?
他花了三年的时间在英国学英语。
(4)单句填空
① He spends a lot of time________________(watch) TV.?
② It takes me half an hour ________(go) to school on foot.
spent three years (in) learning
watching
to go
1 target 　n.目标;靶;受批评的对象
(教材P23)First,not only target fish are caught in the net,but many other sea animals are found hanging there. 首先,不仅仅要捕的鱼被困在网内,许多别的海洋动物也被发现挂在网上。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
课堂互动探究
(1)set a target 　　　　设定目标
aim at the target 瞄准目标
hit/miss the target 中/脱靶
(2)target vt. 把……当作批评对象;以……为攻击目标;把……对准
target sth on/at 把……对准

【易混辨析】
(1)target指射击的靶,军事攻击目标。引申指被攻击、批评或嘲笑的对象;为……定指标。
(2)aim从本义“靶子”引申而来,侧重比较具体而明确的目标,但常指短期目标。也可作动词,意为“瞄准,以……为目标”。
(3)goal指经过考虑和选择,需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He says it is time to set an even more ambitious target.
他说,现在是时候设定一个更雄心勃勃的目标了。
(2)The embassy is an obvious target for terrorist attacks.
大使馆是恐怖分子攻击的明显目标。
(3)We want to target more welfare on the poorest groups in society.
我们想给社会上最贫困的群体提供更多的福利。
课堂互动探究
(4)They have __________________(设定目标) of developing 200 new members.?
(5)Not many provinces will　_____________________ (实现他们的目标) for energy conservation.?
(6)The magazine ___________________________(以年轻女性作为对象).
课堂互动探究
set a target
meet their targets
targets young women
2 reflect 　 vi.思考 vt.映射;反射;思考
(教材P24)I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下,手里拿着一杯冷饮,回忆着当天的事情——这真是神奇的一天!
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)reflect sb/sth in sth 　　(指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
reflect sth from sth 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)
reflect on/upon sth 思考某事
(2)reflection n. 反射;反照;反映;映像;沉思,深思
be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中
课堂互动探究
【语境助记】
三图巧解“reflect”
【活学活用】
(1)After reflecting for a time,he decided not to go.
仔细考虑后,他决定不去了。
(2)I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.
我仔细考虑导致我失败的种种可能的原因。
课堂互动探究
(3)When I _______________my school days, I realize how much easier things are for today's children. ?
当我回想起我读书的日子,我意识到对现在的孩子们来说条件是好多了。
(4)The girl was sitting on the beach, ________________________her future.?
女孩坐在沙滩上,为自己的未来而陷入深思之中。
课堂互动探究
reflect on
lost in reflection on
3 neat　adj.好的;整齐的;匀称的
(教材P24)And all kinds of small, neat and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.还有种类繁多、小巧整齐、姿态优雅的鱼穿行在珊瑚中。
课堂互动探究
(1)neat and tide 　　　整洁
(2)neatly adv. 整洁地;整齐地
(3)neatness n. 干净;整洁
【活学活用】
(1)She folded her clothes in a neat pile on the chair.
她把自己的衣服在椅子上折成了整齐的一叠。
(2)At the door was a neatly dressed, dignified man.
门口是一位穿戴整齐、仪态庄重的男子。
(3)She undressed and put her wet clothes _______________in the corner.?
她脱掉衣服,把湿衣服整齐地码成一堆放在角落里。
课堂互动探究
in a neat pile
(4)He folded his paper ____________and sipped his coffee.?
他把他的报纸整齐地叠起来,然后抿了口咖啡。
(5)The courtyards were a perfect balance between _____________and natural wildness.?
这些庭院是整齐有序和天然粗放的完美结合。
课堂互动探究
neatly
neatness
4 narrow　adj.狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的
(教材P24)…as I explored small caves,shelves and narrow passages… ……当我探索小洞穴、暗礁和狭窄通道的时候……
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)a narrow escape 　　九死一生
a narrow victory 险胜
a narrow majority 微弱的多数
a narrow defeat 勉强击败
narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的
in a narrow sense 在狭义上
(2)narrow vt. 变窄;缩小;使窄小
(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地;狭隘地;小心地
【活学活用】
(1)He only had a narrow circle of friends then.
那时他只有有限的几个朋友。
(2)He has a narrow mind.
他心胸狭窄。
(3)The children have ____________________in the earthquake.?
这些孩子们在地震中幸免于难。
(4)The car ______________ (narrow) missed a cyclist.?
这辆汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。
课堂互动探究
a narrow escape
narrowly
5 sharp 　 adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的adv.(表示准时)……整
(教材P24)There were other creatures that I didn ' t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth,with only its head showing from a hole,watching for a tasty fish(or my tasty toe!)…
还有一些其他的生物,我不想太靠近它们——一条有着坚固锋利牙齿的鳗鱼,只是把头从洞里伸出来,伺机捕捉可供美餐的鱼(或者我美味的脚趾!)……
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)sharply adv. 　　　 　锐利地;严厉地;苛刻地
(2)sharpen vt. 磨快;使锐利
(3)sharpener n. 磨具;削具
【活学活用】
(1)It ' s very sharp of you to see that.
你能看到那一点,很有洞察力。
(2)He got home at seven sharp.
他在7点整到家。
课堂互动探究
(3)I was left _______________________________________.?
我被留下时突然感到一阵失望。
(4)This knife ______________________.?
这把刀子需要磨一下了。
(5)Take out! The road ____________________________________.?
当心!这条路转弯很急。
课堂互动探究
with a sharp sense of disappointment
needs sharpening
bends sharply/has a sharp bend
6 scare 　 vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓 n.惊恐
(教材P24)I told myself they weren't dangerous but that didn't stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!我告诉自己它们并不危险,但是这样一点儿也不能抑制我那怕得要死的恐惧心情!
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)scare sb to death 　　　　把某人吓得要死
scare sb into doing sth 吓得某人做某事
scare sb out of doing sth 吓得某人不敢做某事
scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑
(2)scared adj. 害怕的;惊恐的
be scared to death 吓得要死
be scared of sth/sb 害怕……
be scared to do sth 害怕做某事
【活学活用】
(1)That car only just missed me—it gave me a real scare!
那辆汽车差一点儿就撞着我——真把我吓了一大跳!
(2)He was nearly scared to death by the strange sound.
他差点儿被那奇怪的声音吓死。
(3)I'm scared to fly in a plane—scared that it might crash.
我怕坐飞机——因为怕它会坠毁。
课堂互动探究
(4)What ________________________, appearing suddenly in the dark.?
在黑暗中突然出现,你真吓了我一跳。
(5)Sometimes you have to ____________________getting the point.?
有时候你不得不恐吓人们以达到目的。
课堂互动探究
a scare you gave me
scare people into
1 be/become aware of sth　意识到某事;知道/明白某事
(教材P24)The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples,reds,oranges,yellows,blues and greens.我首先注意到的是所有我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
(1)be aware that-clause 　　知道……;意识到……
make sb aware that-clause 提醒某人注意……
make sb aware of… 让某人注意到……
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
(2)unaware adj. 没察觉的;不知道的
(3)awareness n. 知道;意识
[温馨提示] aware后跟名词性从句时,一般在从句前不能用of,但在what从句前必须用of。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He wasn't aware of the danger and walked into the forest.
他没有意识到危险,走入了森林中。
(2)Is she aware that I'm coming?
她知道我要来吗?
课堂互动探究
(3)At first I ___________________that he was ill. ?
起初我没有察觉到他病了。
(4)I am strongly ____________________________________. ?
我非常清楚我们面临的困难。
(5)_________________________ this is a risky investment.?
我清醒地意识到这是一项有风险的投资。
课堂互动探究
wasn't aware
aware of the difficulties we face
I'm well aware that
2 upside down　上下翻转
(教材P24)…the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down,and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth… ……黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着,用它那坚硬如鸟喙般的嘴从珊瑚上吸吮着微小的植物……
课堂互动探究
turn…upside down 　　把……弄得乱七八糟
inside out 里外颠倒
【活学活用】
(1)The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down.
这个淘气的孩子老是把房间里的一切搞得乱七八糟。
(2)He wore the sweatshirt inside out.
他把运动衫穿反了。
课堂互动探究
(3)Everything in the room ________________________________.?
室内的一切都被弄得乱七八糟。
(4)My life ___________________________________by the disease. ?
我的生活已经被这场疾病弄得乱七八糟了。
课堂互动探究
was turned upside down
has been turned upside down
1 (教材P24)I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下,手里拿着一瓶冷饮,回忆着当天的事情——这真是神奇的一天!
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
with+宾语+宾补
【句式点拨】
本句为“with的复合结构”,即“with+宾语+宾补”;其中a cold drink为宾语,in my hand为宾补;该结构在句中作伴随状语。with的复合结构在句中常作状语和定语。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
“with的复合结构”构成方式如下:
(1)with+名词/代词+形容词;
(2)with+名词/代词+副词;
(3)with+名词/代词+介词短语;
(4)with+名词/代词 +动词不定式;
(5)with+名词/代词 +分词。
课堂互动探究
[温馨提示] 当分词作宾语补足语时,若分词与前面的宾语之间为主谓关系,用现在分词;若为动宾关系,用过去分词。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher came in with some papers in his hand.
老师进来了,手里拿着一些试卷。
(2)She likes to sleep with the window open.
她爱开着窗户睡觉。
(3)With nothing to do,he went out for a walk.
由于没有什么事要做,他便到外边去散步。
课堂互动探究
(4)_____________________________,we went on smoothly.?
由于问题得到解决,我们进展顺利。
(5)______________________________________,we got there easily.?
由当地向导领路,我们很容易到了那儿。
课堂互动探究
With the problem settled
With a local guide leading the way
2 (教材P24)I especially loved the little orange and white fish that hid in the waving long thin seaweed.我特别喜欢那些橘黄和白色相间的小鱼,它们藏在波动着的、细长的海藻里。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
多个形容词作定语修饰同一名词的顺序
【句式点拨】
多个形容词作定语修饰同一名词的顺序为:限定词+数词+描绘性形容词+表示大小、长短、高低等的形容词+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+用途+被修饰的名词。可巧记为:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It's a charming small French clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.
它是一口迷人的法国小钟,铜质的,从十九世纪就存在了。
(2)He was the designer who designed the first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge.
他是设计第一座漂亮的中国小白木桥的设计师。
课堂互动探究
(3)I have __________________________________________. ?
我有一个中国制造木制红色的大的圆桌子。
(4)She bought ______________________________________________.?
她买了一条带有一些美丽小红花的裙子。
课堂互动探究
a big round red wooden Chinese table
a skirt with some beautiful little red flowers
3 (教材P24)Then there were two grey reef sharks,each about one and a half metres long,which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.然后有两条约1.5米长的灰色的珊瑚鲨突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
独立主格结构
【句式点拨】
each about one and a half metres long在此处为独立主格结构,并且在句中常作状语。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式。
实际上,独立主格结构和with的复合结构的构成相似,with的复合结构中去掉with,一般情况下就成了独立主
格结构。独立主格结构只能作状语,而with的复合结构除作状语外,还可作定语。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The meeting over, we all went home.
会议结束后,我们都回家了。
(2)The old man sat in the sofa, his face serious.
老人坐在沙发上,面容严肃。
课堂互动探究
(3)_____________________, we ' d better have a rest this weekend. ?
如果时间允许的话,我们本周末最好休息一下。
(4)The children went home from the grammar school, ______________________
for the day.?
一天的课程结束后,孩子们从文法学校回家了。
课堂互动探究
Time permitting
their lessons finished
4 (教材P24)The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.海水很浅,但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
where…,there be…
【句式点拨】
“where…,there be…”意为“在……的地方,就有……”。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Where the road exists,there are human beings.
有路的地方,就有人存在。
(2)Where there is water,there is life.
有水的地方就有生命。
(3)You ' d better make a mark ____________________________(有错误的地方).?
(4)You will find him _______________________ (在需要他的地方).?
课堂互动探究
where there is a mistake
where he is needed
动词-ing的被动形式
动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式,因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式和完成式两种,即being done和having been done。动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语和宾语;现在分词的被动形式在句中可作补语、定语和状语。
语法归纳
语法归纳
一、结构
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
二、意义
1. 一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
She insisted on being given the hardest work.
她坚持要求被派给最艰苦的工作。
2. 完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.
我非常感谢两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。
语法归纳
三、功能
1. 主语
Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience.
在公共场合被嘲笑是一次非常不愉快的经历。
语法归纳
2. 宾语
I forget once being taken to the seaside when I was young.
我忘了小时候曾被带到海边过。
[温馨提示] want,need,require的主语是物,表示“需要”时,用动名词的主动式表示被动,也可用不定式的被动式表达。
This sentence needs improving.
=This sentence needs to be improved.
这个句子需要改。
语法归纳
3. 定语
The meeting being held now is very important.
现在正在召开的会议非常重要。
动词-ing的被动形式表示一个被动的动作正在进行;过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经发生;不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。
a meeting being held now
现在正在举行的会议
a meeting held yesterday
昨天举行的一个会议
语法归纳
a meeting to be held tomorrow
明天将会举行的会议
4. 宾补
He often watched the ships being unloaded.
他常常看到轮船卸货。
5. 状语
Being asked to give a performance,she couldn ' t very well refuse.
有人请她表演一个节目,她不好拒绝。
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The plans __________________(discuss) by many managers now will be carried out next month.?
2. _________________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.?
3. ______________________(ask) several times about it, he could not give the correct answer.?
4.To tell the truth, I'm not accustomed to _________________ (treat) like this.?
语法归纳
being discussed
Having spent
Having been asked
being treated
5.You should make yourself familiar with the rules to avoid _______________ (punish).?
6.The couple will be proud of his son __________________(admit) into the famous university.?
7.The accident has led to the young man _____________ (fire) by his boss.?
8.When I saw her, she was busy in ___________ (do) her homework.?
9. __________________(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.?
10. It is fun ______________ (take) to see the Water Cube and the Bird's Nest.?
语法归纳
being punished
being admitted
being fired
doing
Being exposed
being taken
Ⅱ.句型训练
1. Would you mind _____________________(被嘲笑) in public??
2. The question is far from _________________(解决).?
3. __________________________________________(这么好的机会给了你),how could you not value it at all?
4. He asked who was the man _______________________(正在被做手术).?
5. As we approached the village,we saw new houses ________________ (正在被建造).?
语法归纳
being laughed at
being settled
being operated on
Having been given such a good chance
being put up
高考高频话题写作之语言学习
　　
【命题规律】
语言学习是学生学校生活中最重要的活动之一,也是高考的命题热点。本话题贴近高中生的实际生活,而且具有一定的开放性,使得每个学生都能够有话可说,符合高考的命题方向。
基础写作知识
【写作素材】
vocabulary词汇量; spelling拼写; pronunciation发音; custom习俗; idiom习语; stress强调,重读; intonation语调; list列表; learning学习; approach方法; revision复习; discuss 讨论; discussion 讨论; recite背诵; game比赛,游戏; group组; teamwork合作; take notes做笔记; attend a lecture听讲座; life-long learning终生学习; communicate with与……交流; teach oneself自学; pick up (偶然)习得; take a course上课; make preparations做准备;make full use of 充分利用; refer to a dictionary查字典; keep a diary记日记;consult an expert 咨询专家
基础写作知识
【经典例题】
英语写作能力在英语交流和考试中非常重要,今天你的外教Johnson先生在课堂上讲了如何提高英语写作能力, 如:熟练掌握2000多个常用词汇;适当背诵一些美文;坚持每天练习写作等。请根据他的建议并结合你的实际写一篇英文日记。
内容要点:
1. 英语写作能力的重要性;
2. Mr Johnson关于写作训练的建议;
3. 你自己提高写作能力的有效方法。
基础写作知识
写作要求:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 日记格式已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 可适当增加细节。
September 1st, Friday Fine
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
基础写作知识
【构思点拨】
成文时注意:
1. 文章要点要齐全;
2. 人称以第一、三人称为主;
3. 时态:一般现在时。
基础写作知识
One possible version:
September 1st, Friday Fine?
Today Mr Johnson, our English teacher, told us how to improve English writing skills. The ability to write in English is becoming increasingly important.
基础写作知识
In order to write a good English essay, we should have an excellent command of more than 2,000 frequently-used English words. Of course, it's necessary and useful for us to read or even recite some beautiful English articles because we need sufficient input before a well-organized composition is formed. Besides, we should take every possible chance both in class and out of class to write in English.
According to my personal experience, keeping a diary every day is a good means to achieve the aim. I do hope Mr Johnson will advocate it in our class.
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
假设你是李华,你的英语期中考试成绩不理想,打算今后用功学习。请根据以下要点,发送一份e-mail给你的笔友Jenny,谈谈你今后的英语学习计划。
要点:
1. 成绩不好的原因;
2. 今后英语学习的计划:(1)认真听讲;(2)请教老师同学;(3)及时完成作业……
注意:1. 信的内容应包括所有要点,可适当发挥或增加细节;
2. 词数100左右(信的格式及开头已写好,不记入总词数)。
基础写作知识
Dear Jenny,
I'm sorry to tell you that I did poorly in English Mid-term Examination.?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
基础写作知识

One possible version：
Dear Jenny,?
I'm sorry to tell you that I did poorly in English Midterm Examination. I spent little time studying English in my spare time, which caused this terrible result.Therefore, it is high time that I made a study plan to learn English well. Firstly, in class I'll listen to the teacher carefully and take some notes. Meanwhile I'll cooperate with the teacher actively and finish all the in-class activities. After class I'll do my homework carefully, and
基础写作知识

turn to the teacher and my classmates for help if necessary. Besides, it's very important for me to do more reading and enlarge my vocabulary. I'm sure that if I put my heart into it, I will make great progress in future.?
Yours faithfully,?
Li Hua?
基础写作知识
投诉信
【写作点拨】
投诉信也叫抱怨信,是投诉者因对所购买的某种商品或某项服务不能达到自己的要求而向有关部门或个人写的正式信件。在信中要写出自己的不满意之处,也可提供一些解决方案,希望相关部门或个人采取一定的合理措施帮助解决。
单元话题写作
1. 投诉信的结构
投诉信一般分为三个部分:
开头段:提出投诉内容。说明与收件人的关系,点出写作的意图。
主体段:说明具体情况。写明投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果。
结束段:提出解决办法。表达希望上述问题得到尽快解决的强烈愿望,对于有关人员做出的努力表示感谢,并希望尽快得到满意的答复。
单元话题写作
2. 确定文体、时态、人称。
(1)文体:投诉信。
写投诉信要语气坚定,要证明责任确实在对方;最后要明确指出问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求,还可说明由此给你带来的不便或伤害,以加强投诉的力量。
(2)时态:主要使用一般过去时,兼用一般现在时。
(3)人称:第一人称
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
①I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about…
②There are some problems with…that I wish to bring to your attention.
③I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction/disappointment about…
④To improve the situation/solve the problem,it is advisable for you to take the following measures.
单元话题写作
⑤I would like to have this matter settled by the end of…
⑥We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
⑦I'll be very thankful if you can consider my suggestion.
⑧Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
假设你是李华,请你以自己网上购书所遇到的不愉快经历,向中国某家英文报纸生活栏目写一封抱怨信。要点如下:
1. 所购书中有破损、缺页现象;
2. 一些书籍的价格比实体书店还要贵。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
单元话题写作
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a middle school student. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction and disappointment about the unpleasant experience?_____
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I would be grateful if you could take my opinion into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
单元话题写作

One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam,?
I am a middle school student. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction and disappointment about the unpleasant experience when I bought some books from the Internet the other day.?
The reason for my dissatisfaction and disappointment is that the books I bought online were beyond my expectation. In the first place, they were poorly printed. In addition, some books are slightly damaged and even some pages are missing. Needless to say, the price of some books is even higher than that in our local Xinhua Bookstore.
单元话题写作

To solve these problems, I am writing this letter to you, hoping that my letter will arouse the attention of the public through this media. I am fully confident that they will improve their service with the supervision of the public opinion.
I would be grateful if you could take my opinion into consideration.?
Yours sincerely,?
Li Hua?
单元话题写作
1. ____________adj.每年的;按年度计算的 n.年刊;年鉴→ ____________ adv.每年;一年一度地?
2. __________________ n.住所;住宿→ _________________ vt.为……提供住宿?
3. ___________ vt.拖;拉;扯?
4. __________ n.深(度);深处→ _________ adj.深切的;深的→ ____________ vt.加深?
5. ___________ vt.催促;极力主张;驱策→ ____________ adj.紧急的;急迫的?
6. ____________ vt. 放弃;遗弃;抛弃_____________ adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的?
单元知识回眸
重点单词
annual
accommodation
annually
drag
depth
deep
urge
abandon
accommodate
deepen
urgent
abandoned
7. ____________vi.思考 vt.映射;反映→ _____________ n.反映?
8. _________ adj.纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的→ ___________ n.[化学]纯度;纯洁;纯净;纯粹?
9. _____________ adj.意识到的;知道的→ _____________ n.意识?
10. ___________ adj.生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的→ _____________ adv.生动地;鲜明地?
11. __________ adj.整齐的→ ___________ adv.整齐地,匀称地?
12. _____________ adj.狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的→ _____________ adv.仔细地;勉强地;狭窄地;严密地
单元知识回眸
purity
reflection
vivid
vividly
neat
neatly
narrow
narrowly
reflect
pure
aware
awareness
13. ___________adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→ ___________ adv.急剧地;锐利地→ ___________ n.锐利;锐度?
14. _________ adj.好吃的;可口的→ _________ v.品尝起来?
15. ___________ vt. 恐吓;vi. 受惊吓→ ___________ adj. 恐惧的;害怕的?
16. ___________ n.界限;分界线→ ___________ n.界限;跳跃;adj.有义务的;受约束的;装有封面的;vt.束缚;使跳跃;vi.限制;弹起?
17. ___________ n.养老金;退休金→ ___________ n.领取养老金者?
单元知识回眸
sharply
scare
scared
boundary
bound
pension
pensioner
sharp
tasty
sharpness
taste
1. 　　　　　　　　 　　 sort out
2. 　　　　　　 　　 in the meantime
3. 　　　　　　　 　 help (…) out ?
4. 　　　　　　　 　 对……知道、明白;意识到…… ?
5. 　　　　　　　　 上下翻转?
6. 　　　　　　　 　 吓死了
7. 　　　　　　　　 阻挡?
单元知识回眸
重点短语
整理;分类;收拾
在此期间;与此同时
帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
be/become aware of
upside down
(be) scared to death
hold up
1. As we drew closer, I could _________a whale　__________________by a pack of about six other killers.?
随着我们的逼近, 我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他约六条虎鲸袭击。
2. It _____________________________get the boat back to James…?
我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯……
单元知识回眸
重点句式
see
took over half an hour to
being attacked
3. I ' m sitting in the warm night air __________________________________and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!?
我坐在温暖的夜空下,手里拿着一瓶冷饮,回忆着当天的事情——这真是神奇的一天!
4. Then there were two grey reef sharks,_____________________________________,
which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.?
然后有两条约1.5米长的灰色的珊瑚鲨突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。
单元知识回眸
each about one and a half metres long
with a cold drink in my hand
5. The water was quite shallow but __________the reef ended, ___________was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.?
海水很浅,但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
单元知识回眸
there
where
　　动词-ing的被动语态
单元知识回眸
单元语法
　　投诉信
单元知识回眸
单元写作
[导读] 广袤无垠的海洋孕育了无数生命传奇,以其独有的神秘吸引着人类对其进行不懈的探索。为此,海洋科学家通常把海洋分为五个区域。现在就让我们一起了解一下吧!
延伸拓展阅读
The earth ' s oceans can reach depths of up to 11,000 metres.That is deep enough to cover Mount Qomolangma!The oceans are incredibly(不可思议地) large and contain several different habitats. To make it easier to describe the various parts of the oceans,marine(海洋的) scientists usually divide the oceans into five zones. Each zone is different mainly as a result of how much sunlight reaches it.
延伸拓展阅读
①Most of the life in the ocean can be found in the first zone,which begins at the surface and goes down about 200 metres. Because there is sunlight at this level,plants are able to grow. Marine animals such as dolphins,sharks,sea turtles and sea lions,and of course a variety of fish,live in the sunlit(阳光照耀的) part of the ocean. It is difficult to hide from other animals in this area.
延伸拓展阅读
The second zone starts at 200 metres and goes down to about 1,000 metres. Some sunlight can reach this level,but it is not enough for plants to grow. ②Because this zone is relatively dark,many of the creatures that live here are able to make light with their body. The light from these animals makes the water look like a sky with moving stars in it.
延伸拓展阅读
The third zone of the ocean is dark. This place,about 3,000 metres deep,may not seem a likely habitat,but there are more creatures here than one might think. Most of the animals that live here are black or red because of the lack of light.
Below 4,000 metres,the temperature is near freezing and there is no light at all. ③In fact,the zone is so dark and empty that scientists named this zone after the Greek word for “no bottom”.There is not much life to be found in this cold and unpleasant part of the ocean,but some small creatures still manage to survive here despite the high water pressure.
延伸拓展阅读
The very deepest part of the ocean is found 2,000 metres further down. At this depth,the water pressure is extremely high and life is very difficult for the few creatures that live here. Compared to the other zones,this one has very little life. Since there is no light here,some of the animals do not have eyes.
Next time you look at the ocean from the beach or on a map,remember that what you are seeing is only the surface—only the beginning of the large and varied adventure.
延伸拓展阅读
【典句欣赏】
①句意:多数的海洋生物能够在第一区域被找到,这一区域从表面开始,延伸到海下约200米处。
赏析:which引导定语从句,指代zone。
②句意:因为这个区域相对来说要黑一些,所以许多生活在这里的生物都能够用身体发光。
赏析:连词because引导原因状语从句。如:
Because she stayed up last night, she couldn ' t get up for school.
由于昨天晚上熬夜了,她没有能够起床去上学。
延伸拓展阅读
③句意:实际上,这个区域太黑和太空洞了以致科学家们把这个区域以希腊语“无底洞”来命名。
赏析:so…that…“太……以至于……”,其中that引导结果状语从句。如:
He ran so slowly that he couldn ' t catch the first bus.
他跑得太慢了以致他没能赶上早班车。
延伸拓展阅读