Unit 4　Sharing 单元导学课件（159张）

Unit 4　 Sharing
Period One　Warming Up & Reading
Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three　Grammar
Period Four　Writing
? 单元总结提升
做志愿者不只是能帮助别人,对自己的成长和发展也有着积极的作用。
Back in freshman year, I found myself wondering
whether it should really be called “volunteering” if
students only do it because they have to.
I ended up volunteering at Weyrich Healthcare Centre, helping elderly patients with daily tasks. The more I did these tasks, the more disconnected I felt from the seniors. Though I felt bad for them, I did not want to communicate with them.
单元话题导入
Then one rainy day, I met Colonel Hemsworth. He invited me to his table and asked for some company. I regarded this as another boring task. However, when I listened to his stories, I learned that he was a brilliant war soldier,and I found his tales interesting.
After my brief talk with the Colonel, I realized that I shared common characters with all the seniors. I met with many learned senior citizens who shared their experiences and wisdom. No longer did I walk aimlessly down the hallways. I found myself enjoying talking with these people as I learned their histories.
单元话题导入
Some people argue that volunteering and working for change does not help. However, they fail to realize that the world is constantly changing and humans must adapt. My experience at Weyrich Healthcare Centre has taught me that refusing to change one ' s views and accept new ones leads to short-term goals that finally disappear. Communication with others is an important part of life. Volunteering is not just a requirement or a way to improve your résumé, it is a time for service and personal growth.
单元话题导入
Now I enjoy volunteering my time surrounded by seniors who bring history alive for me. By communicating with them, I have developed into a more optimistic person.
单元话题导入
根据短文内容回答下面问题。
1.Why did Colonel Hemsworth invite the author to his table?
________________________________________________________________________
2.What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?
________________________________________________________________________
3.How has the author developed into a more dynamic person?
________________________________________________________________________
单元话题导入
He wanted the author to accompany him.
The lessons the author has learned from volunteering.
By communicating with seniors.
Ⅰ.Scan the text to find the main idea of the passage.
The text mainly tells us
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fast Reading
课前自主预习
Task One
Jo wrote to Rosemary to tell her about her experience in PNG in the bush school,including the poor condition of the school,the hard life of the local people and their hospitality (好客)
Ⅱ. Read the passage to find the main idea of each part.
(　　)1.Part 1 (Para.1) 　　　　　　 A.the ending
(　　)2.Part 2 (Paras.2~3) B.the condition of the school
(　　)3.Part 3 (Paras.4~8) C.how I get to know the local people
(　　)4.Part 4 (Para.9) D.an introduction
课前自主预习
D
B
C
A
Ⅰ. Judge the following statements true (T) or false(F).
1. The classrooms are made of bricks and the roofs of grass. (　　)
2. It always takes the boys only a few minutes to get to the school.(　　)
3. Science is the most challenging subject for Jo.(　　)
课前自主预习
Careful Reading
Task Two
T
F
F
课前自主预习
4. When Jo and Jenny arrived at the village, they shook hands with all the villagers.(　　)
5. Tombe threw out the tin can because it was very dirty.(　　)
F
T
Ⅱ. Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Why did Jo send some pictures to Rosemary?
A.To give Rosemary a vivid impression of the place she talked about.
B.To show the beautiful scenery.
C.To show her pity to the villagers.
D.To please Rosemary.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
A
2. What were the classrooms made of?
A.Grass. B.Bamboo.
C.Branches. D.Bricks.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
B
3. How long did it take Jo to get to the school?
A.Two hours.
B.Two and a half hours.
C.A few minutes.
D.One hour.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
C
4. Which of the following is TRUE about Jo's attitude?
A.She is sure that all the boys will go to college in the future.
B.She believes that chemistry is very useful to the boys.
C.She is wondering if she can make any difference to the boys ' lives.
D.She doesn ' t like the simple life in the mountain village.
课前自主预习
【答案】　
C
5. By writing “The only possessions I could see were…”,the author wants to tell us _______.?
A.Tombe ' s family were kind-hearted
B.Tombe ' s family were guest-lovers
C.Tombe ' s family only used simple things
D.Tombe ' s family was very poor
课前自主预习
【答案】　
D
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
　　 Jo wrote to Rosemary to tell her 1._____________(teach) life in a bush school as a volunteer. In her letter,she first described the school whose classrooms 2. _____________(make) of bamboo and roofs of grass. Most of the students here couldn't go to college or find work after 3. _____________ (graduate) from the school. They had no choice but 4. _____________ (return) to their villages. The had never come across chemistry experiments before Jo came here. Second,Jo gave a 5. ________
课前自主预习
teaching
Micro?writing
Task Three
are made
graduating
to return
detailed
(detail) description of her first visit to a village. After two and a half hours of walking,she arrived at Tombe ' s home 6.__________she could see a low bamboo hut with grass 7. __________(stick) out of the roof,which had no windows,only a narrow doorway. Inside the house,she found a newly made platform for Jenny and 8. _______to sleep on,a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway and a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. Outside the house,she saw Mukap laid stones on 9. _________fire,placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau,corn and greens and then 10. __________(cover) the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. She felt happy after the visit to Tombe ' s family.?
课前自主预习
sticking
where
her
the
covered
1 relevant　adj.有关的;切题的
(教材P29)Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students,most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候,我真想知道化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。反正他们中大多数上完八年级以后就会回到他们的村庄去。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
课堂互动探究
be relevant to=have sth to do with 与……有关
relevance n. 关联
have (no) relevance to 与……有(无)关
relevantly adv. 有关地;切题地
irrelevant adj. 无关的;不切题的
【活学活用】
(1)These issues are directly relevant to the needs of slow learners.
这些问题与学得慢的人的需要有直接关系。
(2)What you say has no relevance to the subject.
你所说的与主题无关。
课堂互动探究
(3)I don't think what he said __________________the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.?
我认为他的发言和我们正在讨论的话题无关,他没有抓住要领。
(4)The new machine's _______________detailed functions have to be further studied.?
有关这台新机器的详细功能还需要进一步研究。
课堂互动探究
is relevant to
relevantly
2 adjust　vi. & vt. 调整; (使)适合
(教材P30)The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.
小屋内很黑,因此我们的眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)adjust sth to sth 　　　　　　调整以适应
adjust to sth/doing sth 适应于(做)某事
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于
(2)adjustment n. 调整,调节,适应
make an adjustment 做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的
【活学活用】
(1)It took a while for her eyes to adjust to the darkness.
她用一小会儿的时间来让眼睛适应黑暗。
(2)This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.
这种课桌可以调整到你需要的高度。
(3)She's in new surroundings, and she has to make an adjustment.
她现在在新环境里, 需要做出调整。
课堂互动探究
(4)When a child is studying abroad,he must learn to ___________________　　　　on his own.?
当一个孩子在国外留学时,他必须要学会适应靠自己生活。
(5)单句填空
The desks and chairs are _______________(adjust), and you can ___________
(adjust) them __________the height of the students. The _____________
(adjust) is not difficult ____________ (make). ?
课堂互动探究
adjust to living
adjustable
to make
adjustment
adjust
to
3 participate　vi.参与;参加
(教材P30)I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language,even though I could not participate in the conversation. 我喜欢听他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈,尽管我不能参与谈话。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)participate in 　　参加
participate in (doing) sth with sb 与某人一起参加/参与做某事
participate with sb in sth 与某人分担某事
(2)participation n. 参加;参与
participant n. 参加者;参与者
【活学活用】
(1)Last spring,I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study programme.
去年春天,我有幸被选中参加一个交流学习的项目。
(2)Internet provides people with an interactive platform to communicate and participate with each other.
互联网给人们提供了一个相互交流、相互参与的互动平台。
(3)Encouraged by the teacher,the participants actively __________________　　the English speech contest.?
在老师的鼓励下,参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。
课堂互动探究
participated in
(4)一句多译
①It is difficult for you to defend your championship because ___________________________________________the competition. (there be结构)?
②____________________________________________the competition, it is difficult for you to defend your championship. (with的复合结构) ?
有这么多的学生参加比赛,你要保住冠军是很难的。
课堂互动探究
there are so many students participating in
With so many students participating in
4 otherwise 　 conj. 否则, 不然;adv. 用别的方法;其他方面;adj. 别的, 另外的;不同的
(教材P30)Otherwise they don ' t waste anything. 否则的话他们是不会浪费任何东西的。
同义短语:or else否则;in other ways在其他方面
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
or otherwise 　　　　　或相反
but otherwise 但在别的方面却
and otherwise 等等;及其他
[温馨提示] otherwise表示相反的假设时,其分句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
【活学活用】
(1)We'll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. (作连词)
我们得早点儿去, 要不然就没有座位了。
(2)We were delayed at the airport,otherwise we would have been here by lunchtime. (虚拟)
我们在机场延误了时间,否则的话,我们就可以在吃午餐前赶到这儿。
(3)The rent is high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory. (作副词)
房租是贵, 可这房子在别的方面倒令人满意。
课堂互动探究
(4)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ____________________
more places of interest yesterday. ?
昨天我们在那个小村庄迷路了,否则的话,我们会多参观几个名胜古迹的。
(5) I was ill that day, ______________________I would have participated in the sports meet.?
那天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的。
课堂互动探究
otherwise/or/or else
would have visited
5 privilege　n. 特权;特别优待
(教材P30)It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family. 跟汤贝一家度过一天,真是一种殊荣。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)It's a privilege to do sth. 能做……真是光荣。
have the privilege to do/of 有(做)……的特权/荣幸
(2)privilege vt. 给予特权,特别优待
(3)privileged adj. 有特权的;受特别优待的
be privileged to do sth 有幸做……
【活学活用】
(1)Only the students in this school enjoy the privilege of the free meals.
只有本校的学生才能享受免费用餐的特权。
(2)I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸与他们再度合作。
课堂互动探究
(3)________________________(是莫大的荣幸) to meet you here.?
(4)The disabled ______________________ (有特权) to go to hospital freely in that area.?
课堂互动探究
It's a great privilege
have the privilege
6 arrangement 　 n. 安排;排列
(教材P31)Sleeping arrangements睡觉安排
课堂互动探究
[温馨提示] arrange sth 安排某事,而arrange for sth 指为某事做准备。
课堂互动探究
(1)come to an arrangement 谈妥;达成协议
make arrangements for 为……做好准备;为……做好安排
(2)arrange v. 安排;排列;协商
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth 安排(某人/某物)做某事
arrange with sb to do sth 和某人商定做某事
It is/was arranged+that从句… 据约定/安排……
【活学活用】
(1)We arranged for a car to meet them at the airport.
我们安排了一辆车去机场接他们。
(2)It is arranged that the meeting will be cancelled.
据安排这次会议将会被取消。
课堂互动探究
(3)We have finished __________________________for the party.?
我们已经完成晚会的所有安排工作。
(4)单句填空
They had an _________________(arrange) that the children would spend their holiday abroad.?
课堂互动探究
all the arrangements
arrangement
1 hear from　接到……的信
(教材P29)It was wonderful to hear from you. 收到你的来信真是太棒了。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
hear sb out 　　　　　听某人把话说完
hear of/about 听说;听到
hear sb do sth 听到某人做了某事
hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
【活学活用】
(1)I heard from my best friend who went abroad last week.
我收到了我最好的朋友的来信,他/她上周出国了。
(2)I've never heard of/about anyone doing a thing like that.
我从来没听说有人会像那样做事。
课堂互动探究
(3)All his family jumped with joy when he ________________the famous university.?
当他收到那所知名大学的来信的时候,他全家都高兴得跳了起来。
(4)Being abroad for so many years,I always look forward to ______________
my family.?
在国外多年,我总是盼望着收到家人的来信。
课堂互动探究
heard from
hearing from
2 (be) dying to do…　极想做……
(教材P29)I know you're dying to hear all about my life here,so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况,所以我在信中附有几张照片,它们会帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
课堂互动探究
表示“渴望做某事,很想做某事”的短语还有:
be eager for sth/be eager to do sth
be anxious for sth/be anxious to do sth
be thirsty for sth/be thirsty to do sth
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The boy is dying to know the result of the experiment.
这个男孩极想知道试验结果。
(2)The child wants to return to school because he is dying for knowledge.
那个孩子想回到学校,因为他渴望知识。
课堂互动探究
(3)She_________________________________(极想喝杯水), but she was too weak to get up. ?
(4)In a severe winter,wild animals can ______________________(缺乏食物而饿死).?
(5)After losing his job, Jack _________________get a new one. ?
失业以后,杰克渴望找到一份新工作。
was dying for a glass of water
was dying to
die of lack of food
3 the other day　不久前的一天;那天(用于说话前不久的日子)
(教材P29)The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!有一天,我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了!
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
the other day=a few days ago 不久前的一天(句子用一般过去时)
one day 某一天(可指过去,也可指将来某一天)
some day 将来的某一天(用于一般将来时)
another day 改天(既可表示近期将来的某一天,也可表示过去或状态延续的 “又一天”)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The other day,I met an old friend in the street.
前几天,我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。
(2)I'm very sorry about that problem the other day.
我对前几天的那个问题感到非常抱歉。
(3)Arnold proposed to Alice_______________________.?
不久前阿诺德向艾丽斯求婚了。
the other day
课堂互动探究
(4)用所给词的适当形式填空
①Never give up, and your dream _______________(come) true one day.?
②One day I _________ (see) her in the street.?
③Some day I _____________ (tell) you all about it.?
④The other day, he ____________ (buy) many books from the bookshop.?
⑤I ____________ (tell) you the rest of the story another day.?
will come
saw
will tell
bought
will tell
4 dry out 　 (使浸水等之物)完全变干;干透
(教材P30)Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.汤贝告诉我说,加热锡罐是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。
课堂互动探究
dry out　　　使干透,使某物完全变干
dry off 使变干,把某物弄干(尤指表面),擦干(=dry up)
dry up (河流,湖泊的)干涸;把某物擦干;供应品等的耗尽;突然说不出话来
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Keep your wet coat near the fire and dry it out quickly.
把你的湿大衣拿到炉火旁,快把它烤干。
(2)We went swimming and then lay in the sun to dry off.
我们去游泳了,然后就躺在太阳下晒干。
(3)Many rivers in Africa have dried up recently.
最近非洲的许多河流都干涸了。
课堂互动探究
(4)Don ' t leave the vegetable on the table,or it ________________.?
不要把蔬菜放在桌子上,否则它会变干的。
(5)用dry的相关短语的适当形式填空
①We waited for our wet clothes _____________.?
②The burning sun had _____________this area.?
③He ___________the camera ________,hoping it would still work.?
to dry out
dried up
dried
will dry out
off/up
1 (教材P29)The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! 有一天,我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了!
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
be doing…when…
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
be doing…when…“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。when是并列连词,意为“就在这时(突然)”,相当于and then 或and at that time。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
be about to do…when… 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing…when… 正要做……这时……
had just done…when… 刚刚做完……这时……
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He was walking in the street when he met an old friend.
他正在街上走着,这时遇到了一位老朋友。
(2)I had just given up when I was spotted by a ship.
我刚刚放弃这时被一艘轮船发现了。
(3)I was on the point of watching TV when there was a loud knock at the door.
我看电视时,响起了猛烈的敲门声。
课堂互动探究
(4)I ________________go out ___________Tom came in. 我正要出去,这时汤姆进来了。?
(5)We __________________in the classroom __________the electricity was cut off last night.?
昨天晚上我们正在教室里学习,突然停电了。
was about to
were studying
when
when
2 (教材P29)But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.不过,上周末我和另外一位叫珍妮的教师真的去了一个村庄,那是其中一个男生汤贝的家。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
　　 “do/does/did+动词原形”表强调
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
“do/does/did+动词原形”构成的强调句,这种强调句只用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句,且只对谓语动词进行强调;其中助动词do/does/did 可译为“确实,的确”,在句中要重读。注意:在祈使句中使用时,往往不表示命令,而表示强烈的请求,有时表达更加客气的语气,可译为“务必,一定要”。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)He did come here yesterday.
他昨天的确来这里了。
(2)We do often go to work by bike.
我们确实经常骑自行车去上班。
(3)He _______________a walk on the playground every day.?
他的确每天都在操场上散步。
does have
课堂互动探究
(4)对下列句子中的谓语动词进行强调
①He knows the place well.
?________________________________
②I met him in the supermarket the other day.
?__________________________________________________
③Be careful when you cross the road.
_________________________________________

He does know the place well.
Do be careful when you cross the road.
I did meet him in the supermarket the other day.
1 donate 　 vt.捐赠
(教材P34)Would you like to donate an unusual gift? 你是否想要捐赠一份特殊的礼物?
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
donate sth to sb 　　　　把某物捐赠给某人
make/give/present a donation to sb 捐赠给某人
[温馨提示] donate虽然是及物动词,但常与介词to搭配,注意介词to不能省略。类似用法的词语还有:introduce sb to sb;explain sth to sb 等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)She donated a large sum of money to the charity.
她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。
(2)The car was donated to us by a local firm.
这辆汽车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。
(3)The old man made a donation of/donated a lot of money to the local school.
这位老人给当地学校捐了很多钱。
课堂互动探究
(4)She died and ____________her money _____a blind boy. ?
她去世了, 并把自己的钱捐给了一个盲童。
(5)I _______________________the organization immediately after the dinner. ?
宴会一结束, 我便为该组织捐款。
课堂互动探究
donated
to
made a donation to
2 purchase 　 vt.& n. 买;购买
(教材P34)When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person.当你购买物品时,我们会送你一张精美的卡片,让你送给你的某个特殊的人。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)purchase sth for… 　　以……的价格购得某物
purchase sth from… 从……处购得某物
(2)make a purchase 采购
[温馨提示] purchase用作名词,作“购买”讲时,为不可数名词,作“购买物,购买量”讲时,为可数名词。
【活学活用】
(1)The WWF asked people not to purchase Chinese medicine like “tiger bones”.
世界自然基金会要求人们不要购买像“虎骨”那样的中药。
(2)I'll bring the price down to $30 a piece, if you make a big purchase.
如果您大量购买, 我就把价格降到每件30美元。
课堂互动探究
(3)I ________________the old bike for 100 yuan _________one of my friends.?
我从一个朋友那里以100元的价格买了这辆旧自行车。
(4)The loan was supposed to be used for ____________________________.?
货款应当用来购买房子。
课堂互动探究
purchased
from
the purchase of a house
3 distribution　n. 分配;分发;分布状态
(教材P35) This gift covers the cost of production and distribution of seedlings,as well as training in tree care for the local villagers who are working hard to prevent their land from turning into desert.
这个礼物包括了树苗的培植和分配费用以及对当地村民进行树林保护的培训费用,村民们正在努力防止他们的土地变成沙漠。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
distribute sth to 　　　把某物分配/分发给……
distribute sth among 在……中分发某物
【活学活用】
(1)The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.
幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。
(2)The prizes were distributed among five winners.
奖品分发给五位优胜者。
(3)The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.
救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。
课堂互动探究
(4)The teacher has divided the watermelon into 10 parts and _____________________________10 boys.?
老师把西瓜切成10份,并把它们分给了10个男孩子。
(5)The money __________________________schools in this area.?
这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。
课堂互动探究
has distributed them to
was distributed among
4 operate　vi.工作;运转;动手术;开刀;起作用 vt.操作;经营;实行
(教材P35)This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.
这份礼物包括为贫穷或偏远的山区开办的社区小学提供的练习册和教科书的费用。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)operate on… 　　　　　　给……动手术
(2)operation n. 手术;运作;操作
be in operation 工作中;使用中;有效
come into operation 开始工作/生效
perform an operation on 给……动手术
(3)operator n. 操作员;经营者; 电话接线员
【语境助记】
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The doctor had to operate on his daughter that day.
那天医生不得不给他女儿做手术。
(2)The machine is operating continuously.
机器不停地运转。
(3)The old man operates several companies.
这位老人经营了几家公司。
(4)The sleeping pill operated at once.
安眠药立刻奏效了。
课堂互动探究
(5)Doctors ____________________to remove the bullet.?
医生得开刀取出那颗子弹。
(6)The new production plant ?_______________________last month.
新的制造厂上个月投入运转。
课堂互动探究
had to operate
came into operation
in need 　在困难中;在危急中
(教材P34)Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world ' s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. 从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物,送给世界上最穷苦的人吧!给急需帮助的社区带去改善的希望吧!
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
in (great) need of 　　　　(非常)需要
meet/satisfy one ' s needs 满足某人的需求
in case of need 在必要时
be in urgent need of 急需
There ' s no need (for sb) to do sth. (某人)没有必要做某事。
【活学活用】
(1)A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
(2)The difficulty that faces us is the number of those in need.
我们面临的困难是需要帮助的人数太多。
(3)The new regulation ___________________more support. ?
新的规定需要更多的支持。
课堂互动探究
is in need of
(4)_________________________,don't hesitate to ask me for help.?
需要时,尽管找我帮忙。
(5)Let anyone__________________ understand that we will go all out to help them.?
让那些需要帮助的人们明白我们会全力以赴去帮助他们。
课堂互动探究
When (you are) in need
who are in need
1 (教材P32)She was dying to see him again but what if he didn ' t want to see her? 她极想再见到他,但如果他不想见她怎么办?
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
what if…如果……将会怎样;即使……又有什么关系
【句式点拨】
what if “如果……将会怎样;即使……又有什么关系”, 为省略结构, 相当于What shall we/I do if…? what if 中 what可看作是 what should sb do (某人该怎么办)或 what does it matter (有什么要紧) 或 what would happen (将会如何)的省略。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
what for…? ……是为了什么?
what about/how about…? ……怎么样?(表建议)
How come? 怎么回事?
So what? 那又怎么样?
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)What if I fail?
即使我失败了又怎样?
(2)So what if nobody else agrees with me?
就算没有一个人赞成我的意见,那又怎么样?
课堂互动探究
(3)It sounds like a good offer, but _____________it's a trick??
那个提议听起来很诱人,但如果是个骗局怎么办?
(4)______________ anything ____________________the child? ?
万一这孩子出了差错怎么办?
课堂互动探究
what if
should happen to
What if
2 (教材P34)The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些确实有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
not…but… 不是……而是……
【句式点拨】
not…but…“不是……而是……”,用于连接两个结构相似、语法功能相同的并列成分,如名词、形容词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式、分句等。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
not only…but(also),either…or…,neither…nor…连接两个主语时,谓语动词按“就近一致”的原则确定单复数。as well as连接两个主语时,谓语动词按“就前一致”的原则确定单复数。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The meal is not for one, but for many to enjoy.
这顿饭不是为了一个人的,而是供大家享用的。
(2)Rose as well as her friends was invited to Ann's twentieth birthday party.
罗丝和她的朋友们应邀参加安二十岁的生日聚会。
课堂互动探究
(3)It is _____________________________to blame.?
该受责备的不是他而是你。
(4)________________________wanted on the telephone.?
电话找的是你不是他。
课堂互动探究
not he but you who are
Not he but you are
3 (教材P35)They are easy and fun for children to care for. 孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
sb/sth +be+adj.+to do
【句式点拨】
本句属于“sb/sth +be+adj.+to do”结构。在此句型中,动词不定式短语的逻辑主语不是句子主语,其逻辑主语往往可以用“for+sb”引出或省略;这时不定式与句子主语虽然是动宾关系,不定式仍然用主动形式表被动意义,当不定式动词为不及物动词时,须加相应的介词。
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
常用在此结构中的形容词:good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wrong等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)The problem is hard to deal with. 这个问题很难处理。
(2)The box is too heavy for the boy to carry.
这个箱子太沉了,那个男孩搬不动。
课堂互动探究
(3)The sofa looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable __________________.?
这个沙发看起来很硬,但事实上,坐上去很舒服。
(4)These air conditioners are our best-selling products because _______________________________. ?
这些空调是我们最畅销的产品,因为它们很好操作。
课堂互动探究
to sit on
they are easy to operate
限制性定语从句
一、限制性定语从句的用法
限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词,与先行词之间的关系非常密切,它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特指的人或物,说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,如果去掉,则意思含混不清。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that,as等,关系副词有when,where,why等。
I will remember the day when I joined the Party.
我会永远记住我入党的日子。
语法归纳
语法归纳
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主、宾、表
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾、表
that 人或物 主、宾、表
as 人或物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定
The old man (who/whom/that) we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
我们昨天拜访的那位老人是位著名的艺术家。
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing. 王小姐正在照顾一个父母去了北京的小孩。
语法归纳
语法归纳
2. 指人时用who而不宜用that的情况
(1)先行词为anyone, everyone, he, one和those时。
He who doesn't reach the Great Wall isn't a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
(2)there be 句型中的主语作为先行词时。
There is a student who wants to see you.
有一个学生想见你。
(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句,先行词都是人,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who,以避免重复。
The student that won the first prize is the monitor who studies hard.获得一等奖的学生是学习努力的班长。
3. 指物时用that而不宜用which的情况
(1)当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, something, none, few, little, much等不定代词时。
All that glitters is not gold.发光的并不都是金子。
语法归纳
(2)当先行词被very,both,the only,all,every,no,any,little,much,some等修饰时。
This is the only coat that I have.
这是我拥有的唯一的外套。
(3)当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
This is the most attractive match that I have watched.
这是我所看过的比赛中最吸引人的一场。
(4)当先行词既包括人又包括物时。
He hasn't sent us the workers and equipment that we need.他还没有把我们需要的工人和设备送来。
语法归纳
语法归纳
(5)当主语是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the story that you like best?
哪个是你最喜欢的故事?
(6)当先行词在句中作表语时。(无论先行词是人还是物)
My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家乡不再是它以前的那个样子了。
(7)一个句子中有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which, 另外一个宜用that。
They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution. 他们悄悄开设了一家小工厂,这个工厂生产的产品会造成污染。
语法归纳
4. 用as引导限制性定语从句的情况
(1)such+名词+as…“像……一样的……”
Do you have such books as we like?
你有我们喜欢的那种书吗?
(2)the same+名词+as…“和……同样……”
It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.
他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。
(3)as+形容词+名词+as…“像……一样的……”
She is as good an actress as she is a singer.
她当演员和当歌手都一样出色。
5. 用“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句的情况
I bought a house yesterday the window of which is made of wood.= I bought a house yesterday of which the window is made of wood.= I bought a house yesterday whose window is made of wood.
昨天我买了一所房子,窗户是由木头做的。
[温馨提示] the+名词+of which/whom=of which/whom+the+名词=whose+名词
语法归纳
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词,并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系,转换成“介词+关系代词”的结构。
语法归纳
关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词
(只用reason) 原因状语
The day will come when(=on which) we'll win the final victory.我们取得最后胜利的日子即将来临。
We know the place where(=in which) our teacher lives.我们知道我们老师住的地方。
Do you know the reason why (=for which) he was so sad?你知道他那么难过的原因吗?
语法归纳
四、限制性定语从句中需要注意的几种情况
1. 关系词的选择通常要分两步:先判断从句中缺少什么成分,从而确定用关系代词还是用关系副词;再看先行词,从而确定用关系代词或关系副词中的哪一个。
语法归纳
2. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句中谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致,但要注意以下几点:先行词是“one of+复数名词”结构时,定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式;但如果有the only, the very, the first, the last等修饰one时,谓语动词用单数。
She is the only one of the girls who studies hard.
她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。
语法归纳
3. 当先行词是way(方式,方法),且关系词在从句中作状语时,引导定语从句的关系词要用that, in which或省略。
The way(that/in which)he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我们解释句子的那种方式并不难理解。
语法归纳
4. 当先行词是case, point, situation等词且关系词在从句中作状语时,引导定语从句的关系词要用where。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
5. 定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,但有时亦可与先行词分离,即分隔式定语从句。
A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要来一位新教师教你们德语。
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1. I believe that people ___________work hard are bound to succeed.?
2. The school ___________ I study is far from my home, so I have to take a bus every day.?
3. The day came ___________ I saw her and it really made me excited.?
4. The reason ___________ I am late is that my bike broke down on my way here.
语法归纳
who
where
when
why
5. I know the boy __________name is Zhang Ping, for he is very famous in our school.?
6. This is the professor __________ taught me chemistry in 1980.?
7. This is the boy __________ father died three years ago.?
8. The film _______________ we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.?
9. 1949 is the year __________ the People ' s Republic of China was founded.?
10. They work in a factory _______________ makes radio parts.?
语法归纳
whose
who/that
when
which/that
that/which
whose
11. They work in a factory ______________radio parts are made.?
12. This is the vision phone through ____________we can see and talk to our friends.?
13. Those ____________want to go to the computer room write your names here.?
14. Who is the person _________is standing at the gate??
15. He talked about the teachers and schools _________he had visited.?
语法归纳
where
which
that
who
that
Ⅱ. 用适当的介词填空
1. The school _______which he once studied is very famous.?
2. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine ________which you asked.?
3. We'll go to hear the famous singer __________whom we have often talked.?
4. The man __________whom you talked is my friend.?
5. The plane __________which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.?
语法归纳
in
for
with
about
in
6. He loves his parents deeply, both _________whom are very kind to him.?
7. There are forty students in our class in all, most _________ whom are from big cities.?
8. The English play _________ which my students acted at the New Year ' s party was a great success.?
9. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price _________ which was very reasonable.?
10. I have many friends, _________ whom some are businessmen.?
语法归纳
of
in
of
of
of
高考高频话题写作之人际关系　
【命题规律】
人们生活在这个世界上,人与人之间的良好关系是生存不可缺少的条件。良好的人际关系是幸福生活的基础。它包括孩子与父母之间的关系、学生和老师之间的关系、同事之间的关系、队友之间的关系等。此话题贴近学生生活,而且具有一定的开放性,使得每个学生都能够有话可说。
基础写作知识
【写作素材】
harmonious 和谐的; friendly 友好的; civilized 文明的; honest 真诚的;credible可信的; public-spirited 有公德心的; be in order 有序的; build 创建;peaceful 和平的; help each other 互助; care for each other 互相关心; cherish珍惜;learn from each other 互相学习; take an active part in 积极参与; promote the friendship 增进友谊; improve the relationship 改善关系; communicate with 与……交流、沟通; build a good relationship 建立良好的关系; show love and concern for sb 爱护和关心某人; trust each other 信任彼此; the harmonious relationship between teachers and students 师生之间的和谐关系
基础写作知识
【经典例题】
你们班就“有些学生在学校贴吧上发表对老师不满的言论一事是否妥当”进行讨论。下面是讨论的结果,请你以 “We should express opinions on our teachers in a right way” 为主题写一篇报道,介绍这次讨论的情况以及你的观点。
基础写作知识
基础写作知识
多数学生认为是错误的 理由:1. 老师永远值得尊重;
2. 背后说他人的坏话是不道德的;
3. 学生应坦诚地跟老师交流。
少数学生认为是恰当的 理由:1. 可安全、自由地表达自己的观点;
2. 当面说会让老师难堪。
你的观点 ……
注意:词数100左右。
参考词汇:贴吧 post bar　难堪embarrassment　不道德的 immoral
Last week there was a heated discussion about whether we should express our opinions freely on our teachers in our school's post bar. Different students have various opinions on it.___________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ?
基础写作知识
One possible version:
Last week there was a heated discussion about whether we should express our opinions freely on our teachers in our school's post bar. Different students have various opinions on it. ?
A majority of the students think that the teachers must be worth respecting. Besides, it is immoral to make some irresponsible comments behind on others, especially our loved teachers. As a senior student, we should learn how to make a deep communication with our teachers.
基础写作知识
There is no denying that some students have different opinions. They think that only in this way can they express their real thoughts. On the other hand, if a student makes much complaint to teachers face-to-face, it will bring much embarrassment to our teachers.
In my opinion, we should be honest to exchange our inside words with our teachers, which can make the two sides of us beneficial.
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文,介绍人们的不同观点,并表达自己的看法。
赞成的理由:1. 广交朋友;
2. 可自由表达思想;
3. 有利于外语学习。
反对的理由:1. 浪费时间;
2. 影响学习;
3. 可能上当受骗。
基础写作知识
注意:1. 文章必须包括所给的全部内容;
2. 词数100左右。
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基础写作知识

One possible version：
　　 Should students make friends online? Some people say yes. The Internet helps make many friends. Chatting online, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies.
基础写作知识

Others, however, think students should not. They say making friends online is a waste of time, which should be spent more meaningfully on study. Besides, some students get cheated online.
It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things. As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.
基础写作知识
人物描写
【写作点拨】
记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景状物为主要内容,以记叙、描写为主要表达方式的一种文体,通常分为三类:
1. 以人物为主的记叙文,即以人物为中心组织材料,围绕这个人物来写一件事或两件事。
2. 以事件为主的记叙文,即以事件为中心组织材料,围绕中心事件,可以写一个人或几个人。
单元话题写作
3. 以写景状物为主的记叙文。
应注意的是,在一篇记叙文中,写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的,不可截然分开,但各有侧重。
写记叙文通常应遵循以下几点:
1. 交代要素,即人物、时间、地点、事件。
2. 按事件发生的先后顺序叙述,做到完整具体。
3. 重点突出,目的明确,不要玩弄辞藻,讲清言明即可。
写作时还要注意,用第一人称时主要是本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事;用第三人称时则主要是他人的经历和事情。记叙文所记的都是过去发生的事,所以原则上通常都用过去时写,但有时也用历史现在时。
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
1. 常用表达句型
(1)He was born in China on Nov.13,1968.
(2)He was a great man with the name of…
(3)He was born into a poor family.
单元话题写作
(4)When at college,he majored in history.
(5)He is interested in music.
(6)His favourite sport is playing football.
(7)He devotes himself to achieving his life goal.
(8)He has made great contributions to our country.
单元话题写作
2. 常用短语
(1)work hard at…
(2)do sth with great determination
(3)be strict in sth/with sb
(4)have a…way of doing sth
(5)try one ' s best to do sth
(6)devote oneself to…
单元话题写作
(7)win a prize/the first prize in…competition
(8)be good at…/do well in…
(9)make rapid progress in…
(10)go through hardship/overcome many difficulties
(11)have a gift/talent for…
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
根据以下要点,写一篇介绍美国残疾女作家海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)的短文。
要点:
1. 1880年生于美国;
2. 19个月时因病丧失视力、听力以及语言能力;
3. 7岁遇上女教师Miss Sullivan,在其帮助下学会了读、写、说;
4. 24岁以优异成绩毕业于Radcliffe College;
5. 贡献:倾毕生精力为全世界的盲人和聋哑人服务。
单元话题写作
要求:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:the deaf-mute 聋哑人
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单元话题写作

One possible version：
　　 Born in 1880, Helen Keller is a well-known American woman writer with disabilities. When she was 19 months old, she was robbed by illness of sight and hearing, which caused her to become mute. Fortunately, at the age of 7, Helen met Miss Sullivan, who was very kind-hearted and helpful.
单元话题写作

Miss Sullivan managed to help Helen learn to read, write and talk. With the help of Miss Sullivan, Helen went to study at Radcliffe College and graduated from it with honours at the age of 24. During her whole life, Helen wrote some excellent books. Besides, she devoted all her lifetime to working for the blind and the deaf-mute both at home and abroad.
Helen ' s example has encouraged a lot of people whether they are normal or disabled. 　
单元话题写作
1. ___________adj.泥泞的;泥土般的→ ___________ n. 泥,泥泞?
2. ___________ n.观念;概念→ _____________ n. 概念;设想?
3. ___________ n.星期;周→ ___________ adj.& adv.每周的;每周地?
4. ___________ adj.有关的;切题的→ ___________ n.相关性;关联?
5. _____________ n. 矩形;长方形→ _______________ adj.长方形的;矩形的?
6. ___________ vi.& vt.调整;(使)适合→ ______________ n. 调整;适合?
单元知识回眸
重点单词
muddy
concept
week
relevant
rectangle
adjust
mud
weekly
relevance
rectangular
adjustment
conception
7. _____________vi.参与;参加→ _________________ n. 参加→ ______________ n. 参加者,参与者?
8. _______________ n. 安排;排列→ ___________ v. 安排;排列?
9. ___________ vt.捐赠→ ___________ n. 捐赠物?
10. ___________ adj.自愿的;志愿的;无偿的→ ___________ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿?
11. ___________ vt.分配;分发→ _____________ n. 分配;分发?
12. ___________ n. 安全;保护;保障→ ___________ adj.安全的?
13. ___________ vi.工作;运转 vt.操作→ _____________ n. 操作;手术?
单元知识回眸
donation
donate
voluntary
arrange
distribute
distribution
participate
participant
participation
arrangement
volunteer
security
operate
operation
secure
1. ___________________　　收到……的信 ?
2. ___________________ 极想做……,渴望做……
3. ___________________ 不久前的一天
4. ___________________ (指河流、井等)干涸
5. ___________________ (使浸水等之物)完全变干,干净 ?
单元知识回眸
重点短语
hear from
(be)dying to do
the other day
dry up
dry out
6. ____________________ be relevant to
7. ___________________ participate in
8. ___________________ look at oneself in the mirror
9. ________________________ in need
10. _________________________ smooth…down
单元知识回眸
与……相关
参加;参与
照镜子
在困难中;在危急中
使平整/平坦;使光滑
1. The other day I _______________the boys the weekly chemistry experiment _____________, before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!?
有一天,我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验演示,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就到处冒气泡了!
单元知识回眸
重点句式
was showing
when
2. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I ____________a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.?
不过,上周末我和另外一位叫珍妮的老师真的去了一个村庄,那是其中一个男生汤贝的家。
3. She was dying to see him again but _____________he didn't want to see her??
她极想再见到他,但如果他不想见她怎么办?
单元知识回眸
did visit
what if
4. The gift you give is _________something your loved one keeps ________a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.?
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
5. They _____________and fun ________children ______care for.?
孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。
单元知识回眸
not
are easy
but
for
to
　　限制性定语从句
单元知识回眸
单元语法
　　人物描写
单元知识回眸
单元写作
　 [导读] 世界再大也是有范围的,但爱心是没有范围和国籍的。献出你的爱心,你会收获无穷!
Miya volunteered abroad in Costa Rica with World Endeavors assisting at an orphanage (孤儿院) and teaching English at a school.
延伸拓展阅读
As a freshman at Yale University, Miya had plans to go to medical school. ①Knowing that her next two summers would be occupied doing research, Miya decided to go abroad the summer after her freshman year. “I wanted to improve my command of the Spanish language and learn about the culture and history of another country,” she explained. In the summer of 2014, Miya volunteered for six weeks in the World Endeavors programme in Atenas, Costa Rica, working in an orphanage and teaching English to children in grades one through six.
延伸拓展阅读
“A long time before I left, I had positive expectations for the trip,” said Miya. But ②as the date grew closer she found herself getting more and more nervous. “I thought, what if my host family doesn't like me? What if I get sick?”
Her fears, as fears often are, turned out to be unfounded. “The people were so supportive and loving,” said Miya. “I felt like I was part of the family.”
延伸拓展阅读
Miya's host family had a large network of cousins who all lived within shouting distance. The family would cook together, and at night would go dancing, talk or eat ice cream. She noted that the World Endeavors staff on location—Diego and Mercedes, and Mercedes' husband and daughter—were particularly helpful, taking her right to her neighbourhood from the airport, and checking up periodically to make sure everything was going well.
延伸拓展阅读
While her nights were spent dancing, cooking, and talking with her host family, Miya ' s days were occupied with the children of her host city. “I would teach in the morning, and work in the orphanage in the afternoon,” said Miya, whose placements were within walking distance from her host family. ③While the children were a lot of work, Miya felt a strong connection to the kids in the orphanage.
延伸拓展阅读
Miya noted that Costa Rica is one of the more developed countries in Central America. A nearby Internet café, for example, helped her to stay in touch with her family while she was away. And now, back in the United States, the Internet helps her keep in touch with her host family. Their correspondence continues in Spanish. And her host parents, Rosario and Jorge, recently sent Miya a Christmas card through the mail.
延伸拓展阅读
Back at school, Miya continues to pursue her instinct to improve education through volunteering. She participates in a mentoring group and works on a community health education programme for high school students. “My time in Costa Rica,” she says, “fits right into my interests in global health.”
延伸拓展阅读
【典句赏析】
①句意:了解到接下来的两个夏季都会忙于做研究,米娅决定在她大学一年级后的这个夏季出国。
赏析:knowing…为现在分词短语作状语,其后的that从句作know的宾语。如:
Knowing that she was seriously ill, we all felt sad.
了解到她病得严重后,我们都感到悲伤。
延伸拓展阅读
②句意:随着日期临近,她发现自己变得越来越紧张。
赏析:as引导的句子为时间状语;find oneself doing sth为复合宾语现象,现在分词getting作宾语herself的补足语,由于herself可以发出该动作,所以get用现在分词形式。如:
As it was bright, she found herself lying on the bank.
随着天亮了,她发现自己躺在岸边。
延伸拓展阅读
③句意:虽然在孩子身上有许多事情要做,但是米娅感觉与孤儿院里的这些孩子有着强烈的情感。
赏析:while意为“虽然;然而”,连接的句子作让步状语。如:
While she works hard, she sometimes fails in the exam.
虽然她学习刻苦,但有时候考试也会不及格。
延伸拓展阅读