Unit 5 Travelling abroad 单元导学课件（156张）
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Travelling abroad 单元导学课件（156张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-04-07 10:51:33 | ||
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Unit 5 Travelling abroad
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
? 单元总结提升
旅行有益于人的身心健康,是一件愉快的事情。如果学会在旅行中省钱,那就更令人快乐了。
Wouldn ' t you want to travel more often without breaking the bank? If you are interested, read on to find out how you can do simple things to save money next time you go on vacation.
单元话题导入
Airfares
Plan in advance and visit discount websites to see if there are better deals. If you are planning to stay in two countries and an airline makes you change planes on those countries anyway, you might be in luck. Check pricing on the flights to see if you can stay a few days at the country of the flight change instead of changing planes right away since airlines often let you do that for the same price.
单元话题导入
Accommodations
Sometimes the smaller towns close to where you are going have hotels that are much less expensive. If you don ' t mind the 15-minute ride, you might just save a large amount of money. Home exchanges are pretty cool and popular especially in Europe. If you are of the adventure type, this could be exciting and refreshing. Sometimes smaller hotel chains are willing to give you free upgrades or even free nights. If you are staying at a destination for at least a few days, consider a vacation home instead of hotels. They are often more comfortable and your cost will probably be cheaper.
单元话题导入
Eating
Figure out where you will be and eat before you actually go out. Avoid breakfast from the hotels because chances are good that the breakfast from the hotel is expensive and isn ' t great. It probably pays to walk out the front door in the morning and find a local cafe. You might just discover the local favourite unexpectedly. Want a breakfast that costs nothing? Ask for some bread to-go at the restaurant the night before. In addition, fancy lunches are often much less expensive than dinners. If you eat a big lunch and a light dinner, it ' s also healthier.
单元话题导入
根据短文内容回答下面问题。
1.What aspects are mentioned in regard to saving money while we are travelling?
__________________________________________________________________________
2.If you stay at a destination for a few days, what kind of hotels are recommended? _________________________________
3.Why is it recommended that you ' d better avoid breakfast from the hotel?
__________________________________________________________________________
单元话题导入
Three aspects are mentioned—airfares, accommodations and eating.
A vacation home.
Because the breakfast from the hotel is often expensive and isn't great.
Ⅰ.Scan the text to find the main idea of the passage.
The text mainly tells us that?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fast Reading
课前自主预习
Task One
Xie Lei,a Chinese student studying in London,adapted herself to the university life there quickly by overcoming the difficulties in life and in her studies, fitting in well.
Ⅱ. Read the passage to find the main idea of each paragraph.
( )1. Para.1 A.The general introduction to Xie Lei and her study.
( )2. Para.2 B.The advantages of living with a host family.
( )3. Para.3 C.Xie Lei, a Chinese girl, is studying in a foreign country—
London.
( )4. Para.4 D.Xie Lei is getting used to the Western university's way of
learning.
课前自主预习
C
A
F
B
( )5. Para.5 E. The newspaper will follow Xie Lei's progress in later
editions.
( )6. Para.6 F. The difficulties Xie Lei met while living in London.
( )7. Para.7 G. Xie Lei feels much more at home in England now and is
living an active life.
课前自主预习
D
G
E
Ⅰ. Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F).
1. It was the first time that Xie Lei had left her home country. ( )
2. She has come to an England university to complete a literature qualification. ( )
3. Most foreign students must complete the preparation course before entering a course. ( )
4. Xie Lei lives in student apartments with other students. ( )
5. Now, Xie Lei doesn ' t feel much more at home in England. ( )
课前自主预习
Careful Reading
Task Two
T
T
F
F
F
Ⅱ. Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What is the text mainly about?
A.How Xie Lei spends her preparation year in England.
B.Xie Lei lives with a host family and learns a lot from them.
C.Xie Lei has finally learned to write essays with the help of the tutor.
D.How Xie Lei has adapted to the university life in England.
课前自主预习
【答案】
D
2. Why does Xie Lei have such a decision that she would like to board with a host family while studying in England?
A.She feels lonely while staying in a foreign country.
B.She is afraid to get used to a new life in a new country.
C.She can make good preparations for her courses.
D.She can have opportunities to learn more about life and customs in a new country.
课前自主预习
【答案】
D
3. How does Xie Lei try to get used to the new life in England?
A.She tries to avoid a feeling of homesick.
B.She tries to join in a few university clubs.
C.She tries to put her heart into her preparation course.
D.She tries to protect herself from the strange environment.
课前自主预习
【答案】
B
4. What can we learn from Xie Lei according to the passage?
A.She is timid(羞怯的).
B.She is brave.
C.She is determined.
D.She is honest.
课前自主预习
【答案】
C
5. Where might the article be from?
A.A student newspaper.
B.An interview.
C.A report.
D.An advertisement.
课前自主预习
【答案】
A
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Six months ago Xie Lei boarded a plane for London 1.________ (complete) a business qualification. It was the first time that she 2._______ (leave) her motherland. When she came to England,she lived with a host family, 3.________members always helped her. When she missed her family, it ' s a great comfort to have 4.________substitute family to be with.
课前自主预习
to complete
Micro?writing
Task Three
had left
whose
a
At the beginning she had to face such difficulties of daily life as how 5._______ (use) the phone,and how to pay bus fare.Besides,she also had to face the difficulties of learning at the university.Studying there was quite 6.________ (differ) from studying in China and she needed some preparations first.She had to get used to a new way of life,which took 7. all her concentration. It was 8. (benefit) as well as difficult for her to study in London.
课前自主预习
up
to use
different
beneficial
She learned how to fulfill Western academic 9._______________(require).Her tutor told her not to write what other people had said without 10._________________(acknowledge) them. Xie Lei also learned that as a student,she should not use other people ' s work but try to express her own ideas.?
课前自主预习
acknowledging
requirements
1 recommend vt.推荐;建议
(教材P38) Xie Lei highly recommends it. 谢蕾极力推荐它(预科课程)。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
recommend sb sth=recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐、介绍某物
recommend sb for/as 推荐某人……
recommend doing 建议做……
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that… 建议……
[温馨提示]
(1)recommend后可接不定式的复合结构,也可接doing 形式。类似用法的词还有:allow, advise, forbid, permit等。
(2)recommend 表示主观判断时, 后面的从句通常用虚拟语气, 从句中谓语用“should+动词原形”结构, should 可以省略。类似用法的词还有:advise, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, require, suggest, urge等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Experts recommend fruits for lowering the chance of being overweight. 专家推荐水果来降低肥胖的概率。
(2)I can recommend Miss Green as a good typist.
我可以推荐格林小姐作为一名优秀的打字员。
(3)It is strongly recommended that the project (should) not be started until all the preparations have been made.
有人强烈建议直到所有准备工作就绪后工程再开工。
课堂互动探究
(4)Doctors _________________________a walk after supper. ?
医生们建议晚饭后散步。
(5)老师建议我们读这本小说。
The teacher _______________________________________________. ?
=The teacher ________________________read the novel. ?
课堂互动探究
recommend taking
recommends that we (should) read the novel
recommends us to
2 comfort n. [U]舒适,安慰,[单数]令人感到安慰的人(或事物) vt.安慰
(教材P38) Also,when I miss my family,it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)in comfort=comfortably 舒适地;放松地
be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
(2)comfort sb (=give comfort to sb) 安慰某人
(3)comfortable adj. 舒服的;安逸的
uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的
(4)comfortably adv. 舒适地
【活学活用】
(1)No one could comfort him after his mother's death.
他母亲去世后,没有人能安慰他。
(2)When you are in low spirits, a few words of comfort may be of great help.
在你沮丧的时候,几句安慰的话也许会有莫大的帮助。
课堂互动探究
(3)It is her parents rather than her husband _____________________________ when she gets into trouble.?
当她陷入困境,给她安慰的是她的父母而不是丈夫。
(4)They had enough money to _____________________in their old age.
他们有足够的钱安度晚年。
(5)Now sit down and _________________________________. You must be very tired.?
快坐下来放松一下。 你肯定累坏了。
课堂互动探究
who give her comfort
live in comfort
make yourself comfortable
3 substitute n. 代替品;代用品 vt.用……代替……vi.代替
(教材P38) Also, when I miss my family, it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with. 还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
substitute A for B 用A代替B
substitute B with/by A 用A代替B
substitute for 代替……
be no substitute for sth 替代不了某物
【易混辨析】
(1)substitute多指暂时代替或代理;
(2)replace多指以新的换掉旧的、以好的换掉坏的。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)I can substitute cream for milk.=I can substitute milk with/by cream. 我可以用奶油代替牛奶。
(2)Feeling sorry for someone is no substitute for love.
对某人的怜悯是替代不了爱的。
课堂互动探究
(3)选词填空(substitute/replace)
①He ________________the old tyre with a new one.?
②It is not easy for a student to ________________for a teacher.?
(4)根据汉语提示完成句子
①In China many people use tea as _________________________(咖啡的代替品). ?
②We must ?
_____________________________________________________________________________
(用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子).
课堂互动探究
replaced
substitute
substitute a new chair for the broken one/replace the broken chair with a new one
a substitute for coffee
4 requirement n. [C]需求;要求
(教材P38) Xie Lei ' s preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic requirements of a Western university. 谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学在学术方面的要求。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
require vt. 要求;请求;需要
require that sb (should) do… 要求某人做某事
require sth of sb 要求某人(做)某事
require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
require doing/to be done 需要……
[温馨提示]
(1)如果要表示“某物需要被……”,用require doing或require to be done。
(2)require或requirement后接从句时,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”结构,should可以省略。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)This system will meet/satisfy our requirements.
这个系统会满足我们的要求。
(2)His computer requires repairing/to be repaired.
他的电脑需要修理。
课堂互动探究
(3)My requirement is that____________________________________ in public.?
我的要求是你公开向我道歉。
(4)This wall requires _________________.?
=This wall requires _____________________.?
这面墙需要修理了。
课堂互动探究
you (should) say sorry to me
repairing
to be repaired
5 acknowledge vt.承认;确认;答谢
(教材P38)First of all,he told me,I couldn ' t write what other people had said without acknowledging them.
他告诉我,首先,我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)acknowledge (doing) sth 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge that… 承认……
acknowledge sth/sb to be/as 承认某事/某人是……
It is universally/generally acknowledged that… ……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢
【活学活用】
(1)They acknowledged having been defeated at last.
最终他们承认被打败了。
(2)He was acknowledged to be the best player.
他被认为是最好的队员。
课堂互动探究
(3)She _______________________an expert on the subject.?
她被认为是这方面的专家。
(4)She ___________________________in her letter.?
她在信中对他的帮助表示感谢。
(5)__________________________________________________ studying English has become a necessity in China.?
在中国学习英语已成为了一种需要,这是大家公认的。
课堂互动探究
is acknowledged as
It is universally/generally acknowledged that
acknowledged his help
6 contradict vt.反驳;驳斥
(教材P38)Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors I ' d read!最后,他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点!
课堂互动探究
(1)contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(2)contradiction n. 反驳;矛盾,对立
in contradiction to 相互矛盾
(3)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
【活学活用】
(1)He contradicts himself sometimes in the same sentence.
有时在同一句子中他会自相矛盾。
(2)His public speeches are in contradiction to his personal lifestyle.
他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式相互矛盾。
(3)The speaker had got confused, and started___________________________.?
演讲者被弄糊涂了,说话开始自相矛盾起来。
课堂互动探究
contradicting himself
(4)用contradict的适当形式填空
①The advice I received was often ________________.?
②There is a __________________between the two sets of figures.?
③I ' m afraid what you said yesterday ________________what you are doing.?
课堂互动探究
contradictory
contradicts
contradiction
7 occupy vt.占用;占领;占据;使忙碌
(教材P39)I have been so occupied with work that I haven ' t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于学习,以至于没有时间去参加社交活动。
课堂互动探究
(1)be occupied in doing sth/with sth 忙于做某事
occupy oneself with/in doing sth 忙于……;专心于……
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
(2)occupation n. 占用;职业
【语境助记】
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)This game will keep the children occupied.
这个游戏会让孩子们有的忙了。
(2)She occupied herself with routine office tasks.
她忙于办公室的日常工作。
课堂互动探究
(3)Tom __________________doing his homework. ?
汤姆正忙于做他的作业。
(4)You need to find something to __________________________when you retire.?
退休后你得找点儿事让自己忙碌起来。
课堂互动探究
is occupied in
occupy yourself with
1 keep it up 保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
(教材P38)KEEP IT UP, XIE LEI 谢蕾,再接再厉
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
keep up 使不低落;维持;保持
keep up with 跟上;与……齐步前进;与……保持联系
keep away 勿靠近
keep away from 离开;避开
keep back 保留;阻止;保持距离
keep off 使不接近/不接触/远离
keep to 坚持;保持;不离开;履行
keep out (使)不进入;留在外面
【活学活用】
(1)We must keep up our fine traditions.
我们必须保持我们的优良传统。
(2)In order to keep healthy, you should keep away from fried foods. 为了保持健康,你应该远离油炸食品。
课堂互动探究
(3)Hurry up,or you won't _________________them.?
快点儿,否则你就跟不上他们了。
(4)Well done, and ________________, Tom! ?
做得好,汤姆,再接再厉!
(5)I got the feeling he was ______________________________.?
我感觉他有事瞒着我。
课堂互动探究
keep up with
keep it up
keeping something back
2 fit in 相适应;相融合
(教材P38)Chinese student fitting in well中国学生适应能力强
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)fit sb/sth in 找到时间见某人/做某事
fit in with 符合;与……一致;适应
(2)be fit for 胜任,适合(其中的fit为形容词)
be fit to do sth 适合做某事
keep fit 保持健康
表示“适合(做)……”的短语有:
be suited for sth; be suited to do sth
be suitable for sth; be suitable to do sth
be up for sth; be up to do sth
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Mary joined a painting group but didn't seem to fit in, so she left.
玛丽参加了一个绘画小组,但是似乎和那些人合不来,所以她离开了。
(2)Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?
这些计划与你的安排一致吗?
课堂互动探究
(3)He has never done this type of work before; I'm not sure whether he'll___________. ?
他以前从未做过这种工作, 我不确定他是否能适应。
(4)She feels she doesn't _________________those people. ?
她觉得和那些人格格不入。
fit in with
fit in
3 as/so far as one is concerned 就……而言
(教材P38)Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.
此外,他认为,别人的想法并不是最重要的。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
as far as it goes 就……而言
as far as the eye can see 远至肉眼所及
as far as one knows/remembers 就某人所知/所记
so far 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)As far as I'm concerned, I should like to say I am not in favour of the plan.
就我而言,我想说我不赞成这个计划。
(2)The rise in interest rates will be disastrous as far as small firms are concerned.
利率升高对小公司来说是灾难性的。
课堂互动探究
(3)________________________________________, he is the best in our class. ?
就英语(学习)来说, 他是我们班最优秀的。
(4)__________________________________, having guns privately is the main cause of it. ?
就这个案件而言, 私自拥有枪支是它的主要起因。
As far as English study is concerned
As far as the case is concerned
1 (教材P37)How difficult do you think it is to adjust to the customs of another country?你认为适应另外一个国家的习俗有多难?
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
特殊疑问词+do you think+陈述语序
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
句中do you think作插入语,意为“你认为”,常置于句中。句首以特殊疑问词开头,句子用陈述语序,构成“特殊疑问词+do you think+陈述语序”结构。
【相关拓展】
与think用法相似的词还有believe,expect,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)How do you think the test went?
你认为那次测试怎么样?
(2)Who do you suppose we saw at the restaurant?
你猜我们在餐馆看到了谁?
课堂互动探究
(3)Who do you guess ____________________??
你猜他在等谁?
(4)________________________ sport is so popular??
你认为体育运动如此受欢迎的原因是什么?
he is waiting for
Why do you think
2 (教材P38)It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开祖国。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
It/This/That is/was+序数词+time(that)…
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
本句使用了句型“It/This/That is/was+序数词+time(that)…”,意为“这/那是某人第……次做……”。若主句使用is,从句谓语动词要用现在完成时;若主句使用was,则从句谓语动词使用过去完成时。
【相关拓展】
It is/was (high) time that sb should do/did sth. 意为“到了某人做某事的时间了。”相当于It is/was time for sb to do sth.
the first time还可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,表示“第一次……时”。
for the first time是介词短语,只能用作句子的状语,不可用来引导状语从句,它不具有连词的功能。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It is the first time that I have won the prize.
这是我第一次获奖。
(2)I fell in love with Lucy the first time I met her in Atlanta.
我在亚特兰大第一次见到露西时就爱上了她。
(3)We met at college for the first time.
我们第一次见面是在上大学时。
课堂互动探究
(4)It's the first time that an African American ____________________(被选为) President of the USA.?
(5)This was the third time that he____________________________(反驳他的家庭教师). ?
(6)It is high time that some measures______________________________(采取) to stop drunk driving.?
has been elected
had contradicted his tutor
were taken/should be taken
1 apology n. 道歉;谢罪
(教材P40)Sara acknowledged her mistake and made an apology immediately. 萨拉承认了错误并且立刻道歉。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
课堂互动探究
(1)offer/make/demand/accept an apology
主动道歉/致歉/要求道歉/接受道歉
make an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
in apology for 为……辩解
(2)apologize vi. 道歉;认错
apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
【活学活用】
(1)We should offer our apologies for the delay to your flight today. 今天航班误点,敬请原谅。
(2)Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience we have caused.
若有不便,敬请谅解。
(3)I must apologize for not being able to meet you.
我因未能见你而向你道歉。
课堂互动探究
(4)You must _____________________________________________________her waiting so long.?
让她等了这么久,你应该为此向她表示道歉。
(5)He ___________________________________________________________for being late for school.?
他因上学迟到向老师道歉。
课堂互动探究
make an apology/apologize to her for having kept
made an apology to the teacher/apologized to the teacher
2 parallel adj.平行的;相同的;类似的 adv.平行地
(教材P43)It has three main geographical areas:a narrow coastal belt;the Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast;and high,flat plains in the southeast.从地理上讲,它有三大主要地区:狭长的临海地带、与海岸平行的安第斯山脉以及东南部地势高的平原地区。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)be parallel to/with 与……平行
(2)parallel n. 极其相似的人(或情况、事件等)
in a parallel with 与……在一条平行线上
be without (a) parallel 无与伦比
without a parallel in the world 举世无双
(3)parallel v. 与……相似;与……同时发生;与……媲美
【活学活用】
(1)The road and the canal are parallel to/with each other,which is the result of the government's work.
这条道路与运河相互平行,这是政府工作的结果。
(2)This is an achievement without parallel in modern times.
这是现代无可比拟的成就。
课堂互动探究
(3)Her performance ______________________________________in the world.?
她的表演举世无双。
(4)This tradition _______________________in our culture.?
这种传统在我们的文化中是没有的。
课堂互动探究
has never been paralleled
has no parallel
3 abundant adj.丰富的,充裕的
(教材P43)Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.
秘鲁有着大量的植物,从荒漠植被到大片的丛林。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)be abundant in=be rich in ……充裕;……丰富
(2)abundantly adv. 丰富地;充裕地
(3)abundance n. 丰富;充裕
an abundance of… 丰富的……
in abundance 大量,丰富
【活学活用】
(1)The south of China has abundant rainfall.
中国南方雨量充足。
(2)This area of the country is abundant in bird life.
这个国家的这个地区盛产鸟类。
课堂互动探究
(3)Wild flowers grow ____________________on the hillside.?
山坡上长满了野花。
(4)At the feast there was ________________________food and drink.?
宴会上有丰盛的食品和饮料。
课堂互动探究
in abundance
an abundance of
4 govern vi.& vt.统治;支配;管理
(教材P43)Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire,much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards.
秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富有的印加帝国的中心。自16世纪以来,南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。
课堂互动探究
(1)government n. 政府;管理;统治(权)
(2)governor n. 州长;省长;总督;统治者
【易混辨析】
govern指行使权力以指导、监督国事。通常用于积极的方面。
rule指绝对、专制的权力者运用权力直接并完全控制,且强制使人服从。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)You had better not be governed by the opinions of others. 你最好不要受别人的意见支配。
(2)Having faith in the masses is the requirement for government. 相信群众是对政府的要求。
(3)Who really _________________________??
谁真正统治着这个国家?
课堂互动探究
governs this country
(4)用govern/rule的适当形式填空
①In the 18th century California was __________by Spain.?
②The law of supply and demand ______________the prices of goods.?
③The ___________who has worked in the ________________for 10 years_____________ the state wisely and well.?
课堂互动探究
ruled
governs
governor
government
governs
1 day in and day out 日复一日
(教材P40)Day in and day out I follow almost the same routine.我几乎天天都是这样做的。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
the other day 前几天
day and night 日日夜夜
day by day 一天一天地;逐日
day after day 日复一日;连续地
from day to day 天天,过一天算一天
every other day 每隔一天
to this day 直到今天
by the day 按日
【活学活用】
(1)We've had noodles for dinner day in and day out,till I'm tired of them.
我们正餐天天吃面条,吃得我都发腻了。
(2)Day in and day out,no matter what the weather is like,she walks ten miles.
她不管天气如何,每天总是步行十英里。
(3)Day after day she waited in vain for him to telephone her.
日复一日,她徒劳地等待他给她打电话。
课堂互动探究
(4)Some news reporters camped upon his doorstep___________________.?
一些新闻记者日夜在他家门口纠缠不走。
(5)She visits her parents____________________.?
她每隔几天看望她父母一次。
(6)He went fishing by the river _____________________________________.?
他天天去河边钓鱼。
课堂互动探究
day and night
every few days
day in and day out/day after day
2 out of the question 不可能的;不值得讨论的
(教材P43)It's out of the question.那是不可能的。
课堂互动探究
out of/beyond/without question 毫无疑问
in question 讨论中的;被讨论的;有疑问的
There is/was no question of sth/sb's doing sth.
某事/某人做某事是不可能的。
[温馨提示] out of question意为“毫无疑问”,通常作表语,相当于形容词。但若在question前加the,即out of the question,则意为“不可能的”。如:
To finish the job in an hour is out of question for a teacher, but it is out of the question for a student.
在一小时内完成这项工作对一位老师来说不成问题,但对于一个学生来说是不可能的。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Another trip abroad this year is out of the question.
今年再度出国是不可能的。
(2)The goods in question have been stolen.
所说的那些货物已经被盗。
(3)He did it ____________________.?
毫无疑问是他做的这件事。
课堂互动探究
out of question
(4)用out of the question/out of question填空
①Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be ________________________.?
②We are friends. It is ___________________that I will write to you.?
③It ' s ________________________for ancient people to use computers, which is_____________________.?
课堂互动探究
out of the question
out of question
out of the question
out of question
3 settle in/into (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来,适应(新环境等)
(教材P45)things you can do to help him/her settle in你为帮他/她安顿下来能做的事
课堂互动探究
settle down (在某地)定居下来,过安定的生活;(使某人)安静下来
settle down to 定下心做;开始认真对待
settle up 付清
settle on 同意;决定
settle for (勉强)接受;(将就着)同意
【活学活用】
(1)Do come and see us when we ' ve settled in.
等我们安顿下来以后,请一定来看我们。
(2)I ' m glad to learn that you ' ve settled down in Boston.
得知你已在波士顿定居,我很高兴。
(3)It was two o ' clock when I could finally _____________________the book.?
等我终于能安下心来看这本书时都已经两点了。
课堂互动探究
settle down to
(4)How are the kids ____________________their new school??
这些孩子们在新学校适应的如何?
(5)She seems to have ___________________quickly her new company.?
她好像很快就适应了新的公司。
课堂互动探究
settling in/into
settled in/into
(教材P43)In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.在高原地区的是喀喀湖,它是世界上海拔最高的湖,湖上可以行船。
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
完全倒装句
【句式点拨】
“In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca.”为一个全部倒装句,正常语序为:Lake Titicaca is in the high plains area.
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
完全倒装用法如下:
(1)当表示地点的介词短语位于句首,且主语为名词,谓语动词为be, come, lie, sit, stand, walk等不及物动词时,句子的主谓要完全倒装;
(2)地点副词(here, there),方位副词(out, in, up, down)及时间副词(now, then)等位于句首,且谓语动词为be, come, go等不及物动词时,句子的主谓要完全倒装;
(3)形容词短语/分词短语位于句首,句子的主谓要完全倒装。(注:如果主语是代词,而不是名词,句子不倒装)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Present at the meeting were students from our school.
出席会议的是我们学校的学生。
(2)Down jumped the naughty boy.
那个调皮的男孩跳了下来。
(3)_______________________when we were young.?
我们年轻的日子一去不复返了。
(4)Look out! __________________________!?
小心!公交车来了!
课堂互动探究
Gone are the days
Here comes the bus
非限制性定语从句
一、非限制性定语从句的用法
非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系比较疏散,从句只是对先行词起补充说明的作用,若去掉它,句子的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间常用逗号隔开,译成汉语时,从句常单独译成一句话。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as, which, whom, who, whose等,关系副词有when, where等。
语法归纳
Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
汤姆的爸爸已经60多岁了,依然日夜努力工作。
All of us went to the Palace Museum, where we visited the clock section.
我们所有人都去了故宫博物院,在那儿我们参观了钟表馆。
语法归纳
二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题
1. 非限制性定语从句不用that引导。
I am fond of the novel, which you bought for me.
我非常喜欢那本小说,就是你给我买的那本。
2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。
I have told him the reason, for which I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。
语法归纳
3. 关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中一般不省略。
He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother.
他急于去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬。
语法归纳
三、as, which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
1. 两者都可引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句或主句的一部分内容,有时可以互换。但as引导的从句位置较灵活,能置于主句之后、之前或插在主句中间,且有“正如……”之意;而which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
语法归纳
As we know, light travels faster than sound.
=Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.
=Light travels faster than sound, as we know.
正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。
My parents often treat me as a baby, which I can ' t bear.
我的父母常常把我当小孩看待,这是我难以忍受的。
语法归纳
2. as常用于as is well known, as often happens, as may be imagined, as we know, as we can see, as we expect等结构中,而which不能。
Smoking is harmful to one ' s health, as is known to all.
吸烟有害健康,这一点是众所周知的。
语法归纳
四、“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
“介词+关系代词”既可以用于限制性定语从句,也可以用于非限制性定语从句。而且还可以与关系副词where,when等转换。
He came to a farm, on which he finally settled down.
他来到一个农场,最终在那里定居。
He has two sons, both of whom are doctors.
他有两个儿子,都是医生。
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 根据句意用适当的关系词或介词填空
1. The audience,most of __________are students,enjoyed the film very much that night.?
2. The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.?
3. I may have to work late,in __________ case I ' ll telephone you.?
4. Last week I met Li Ping, __________ seemed very excited.?
语法归纳
whom
as
who
which
5. He changed his mind, _________made us very disappointed.?
6. The man got into a situation _________he had to make his own decision at once.?
7. The glasses, _________ which he was like a blind man,were broken.?
8. Yesterday Tom left for Canada, _________he had stayed for two years.?
9. Have you seen the film A World Without Thieves, _________ leading actor is world-famous??
10. We are living in an age _________many things are done on the Internet.?
语法归纳
which
where
without
whose
where
when
Ⅱ. 把下列句子合成一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句
1. He is waiting for his passport. He spent 100 dollars on his passport.
?______________________________________________________________________
2. Cuzco lies in the south of Peru and it was once known as the City of the Sun.
____________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
He is waiting for his passport, on which he spent 100 dollars.
In the south of Peru lies Cuzco, which was once known as the City of the Sun.
3. My brother, Jim, is working in Paris. Paris is the capital of France.
?____________________________________________________________________________
4. The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter. It was beyond my expectation.
?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
My brother, Jim, is working in Paris, which is the capital of France.
The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter, which was beyond my expectation.
5. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year and 80% of them are sold abroad.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
Period Four Writing
高考高频话题写作之环境保护
【命题规律】
关注社会,关注人文是新课标的要求,因此,对一些社会热点现象进行简单的叙述进而发表自己的看法是学生能力的一种体现,也是高考常考的内容。环境保护话题引起了社会的广泛关注,是人人皆知的内容。保护环境,人人有责。
基础写作知识
【写作素材】
pollute污染;save energy/water 节约能源/水; sort rubbish 把垃圾分类;recycle textbooks/trash 回收利用课本/垃圾;ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟; improve one's living condition 改善居住条件;keep the balance of nature 保持自然的平衡; ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋; protect the environment 保护环境;send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air 向空气中散发出烟和有毒气体;cut down trees砍伐树木;
基础写作知识
pour waste water into the rivers把废水注入河流;form good habits to protect the surroundings养成良好的习惯来保护环境;take active measures to protect rare animals采取积极措施保护稀有动物;take good care of our forests养护好我们的森林;plant more trees to improve the environment 多植树来改善环境;It is a shame to throw rubbish around. 乱扔垃圾是可耻的。Don't litter/spit everywhere!不要随地扔垃圾/吐痰! Waste is scattering here and there. 到处撒满了废弃物。The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. 可怕的污染已经严重危害到我们自己还有我们的环境。
基础写作知识
【经典例题】
请仔细观察图片,并谈谈你的理解及看法。按照要求完成一篇英语短文。
基础写作知识
要求:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
As is shown in the picture, something is thrown out of a moving car and a cleaner can do nothing but glare at it.______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________?
基础写作知识
One possible version:
As is shown in the picture, something is thrown out of a moving car and a cleaner can do nothing but glare at it.?
Nowadays, this phenomenon happens frequently, causing pollution to the environment and bringing heavy burden to the cleaners.
基础写作知识
Obviously, it is the ignorance of safety that leads to such behaviour. In my view, we should take measures to solve the problem. On the one hand, laws should be made to stop it. Whoever throws waste from cars or buses will be fined. On top of it, the government can offer taxi drivers free waste bags so that passengers can throw waste into the bags. On the other hand, individuals should develop the awareness of environment and keep it in mind that safety comes first. Only when all the people attach importance to society ethics can we have a better environment to live in.
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
假如你是李华,你的美国网友David给你写信,询问近年来多次袭击中国华北的雾霾情况。请你给他写封回信,感谢他的关注,简述雾霾在交通环境和健康方面带来的危害并谈谈你的看法。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:雾霾 haze
基础写作知识
Dear David,
I am glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your concern about the heavy haze in North China. Now I'd like to tell you something about it.___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hoping to hear from you soon and share your good ideas.
Yours,
Li Hua
基础写作知识
One possible version:
Dear David,?
I am glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your concern about the heavy haze in North China. Now I ' d like to tell you something about it.?
基础写作知识
Since the winter last year, the haze has occurred a lot of times, which has brought much inconvenience to our daily life and done great harm to people's health. Many traffic accidents have happened just because of the heavy haze weather. In addition, quite a lot of flights have to be put off and a great number of people have to stay at home to avoid the poisonous air. What's more, many people have suffered from bad coughs, sore throats and other serious diseases caused by the haze.
基础写作知识
Personally, I think not only the government but also everyone should try to make a difference. I strongly approve of the idea that we can try to drive less and buy environmentally-friendly products.
Hoping to hear from you soon and share your good ideas.?
Yours,
Li Hua?
基础写作知识
写给笔友的信
【写作点拨】
文体介绍
一般格式:英文书信的构成可分6个部分:
信头(Heading)
收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)
称呼(Salutation)
信文(Body of the Letter)
结束语(Complimentary Close)
署名(Signature)
单元话题写作
1. 信头(Heading)
信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址以及日期。格式如下:
256 West Nanjing Street
Nanchang,Jiangxi Province
China
Sep.3rd, 2000
注意:写地址的次序与中文不同,应先写门牌号码街道,然后是城市和国名。
单元话题写作
日期的几种写法:
a. July 7, 1998
b. 1st October, 1998
c. 30 Nov.,1997
d. Sep.3rd,1999
特别注意英文书信日期应紧跟着写信人地址下一行,不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后,这是很多学生易犯错误的地方。
单元话题写作
2. 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)
写信人的地址和日期写好以后,接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址。一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写收信人的姓名和地址,而在给较熟悉的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行,收信人地址可分两行或三行写,和写信人的地址一样,上下可取齐,也可向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号,称号因人而异。格式如下:
单元话题写作
66 Smith Street
Manchester
England
27th May, 1999
Mr Jee Green
West Tenth Street
Hawaii
America
单元话题写作
3. 称呼(Salutation)
称呼指的是信文开头的称呼,如Dear,Mr,Uncle,各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般用逗号。
4. 信文(Body of the Letter)
信文是信件的主体部分,也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐,也有往后退四个或八个字母的。
单元话题写作
5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)
结束语的一般写法如下:
Yours truly,
Truly yours,
Sincerely yours,
Yours sincerely,
6. 署名(Signature)
下面是署名的例子:
Yours truly,
W.J.Watson
单元话题写作
常用的开头语:
①Thank you for your letter dated September 1.
②Thank you very much for your letter and the gift you sent me.
③I have the pleasure/honour to inform/tell you that…
④I must apologize for not writing to you for so long.
⑤I am writing to you…
⑥I am excited/glad/happy to learn that…
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
常用的正文:
Although I don't know how to deal with the trouble you have mentioned,I am very happy because I have a chance to…
That's about it. Let's talk about…now.
单元话题写作
常用的结束语:
①I look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
②I look forward to seeing you soon/our next meeting/hearing from you.
③Please write to me when you have time.
④Please remember me to your family.
⑤With best regards to your family.
⑥Please give my love/regards/best wishes to…
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
假设你是李华,是一名高二学生。你的笔友王琳最近发来电子邮件说她感到非常苦恼。她的父母不允许她在周末看电视,希望她把时间都用在学习上。请根据下面的提示给王琳写一封回信,给她提出一些建议。内容包括:
1. 表示理解和同情;
2. 提出建议:与父母多交流、理解父母……
3. 你的祝愿。
单元话题写作
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Wang Lin,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
单元话题写作
One possible version：
Dear Wang Lin, ?
I learn from your letter that you are annoyed that you are not permitted to watch TV at the weekend. I fully understand how you are feeling now.
I know you enjoy watching TV very much, especially those TV series. Besides, it is really boring to do our homework all day without any relaxation. However, as students, we have so much homework to do.
单元话题写作
If we spend too much time on TV, there will be little time left for our studies. That is why our parents expect us to focus on our lessons. I hope you will have a heart-to-heart talk with your parents, which can help you understand each other better. Maybe they will allow you to watch an English movie every weekend.
Yours sincerely,?
Li Hua ?
单元话题写作
1. ________________ n. 资格;资历→___________v. 取得资格;达到标准;使具有资格→ ____________ adj. 有资格的;合格的;胜任的?
2. ______________ n. 准备;预备→ _________ v. 准备;预备?
3. _____________ vt. 推荐;建议→ __________________ n. 推荐;介绍(信);劝告;建议?
4. _____________ n. 舒适;安慰 vt. 安慰→ _______________ adj. 舒适的;舒服的→ _________________ adv. 舒适地;舒服地?
单元知识回眸
重点单词
qualification
qualified
preparation
recommend
recommendation
qualify
prepare
comfort
comfortable
comfortably
5. ______________n. 需要;要求→ ___________ v. 需要;要求?
6. ___________ n. 草稿;草案 vt. 草拟;起草→ ______________ n. 拟稿人;起草人?
7. ________________ vt. 承认;确认;答谢→ __________________ n. 承认;认同;致谢?
8. ______________ vt. 反驳;驳斥→ ___________________ n. 反驳;矛盾;对立→ _________________ adj. 互相矛盾的;互相对立的?
9. ______________ vt.占用;占领;占据→ ______________ n.[U]占领, 占据;[C]工作;职业?
10. ______________ n. 道歉;谢罪→ ______________ v. 道歉?
单元知识回眸
draft
acknowledge
contradict
occupy
draftsman
require
apology
apologize
requirement
acknowledgement
contradiction
contradictory
occupation
11. _____________n. 获学士学位的人;未婚男子→____________n. 硕士→____________n. 博士?
12. ____________adj. 可选择的;随意的→____________n. 选择?
13. __________n. 代理人;经纪人→____________n. 代理处;代办处?
14. ____________adj. 丰富的;充裕的→______________n. 丰富;充足;富裕?
15. ____________vt.& vi. 统治;支配;管理→____________n. 州长;总督;统治者→_________________n. 政府??
单元知识回眸
master
bachelor
doctor
option
optional
agent
agency
abundant
govern
abundance
governor
government
1. ________________ 适应;调节?
2. ________________ 保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
3. ________________ 相适应;相融合
4. _____________________________ ? 就……而言
单元知识回眸
重点短语
adjust to
keep it up
fit in
as far as one is concerned
5. ____________________________ be occupied with
6. ____________________________ out of the question
7. _______________________________________ settle in
8. ___________________ day in and day out
单元知识回眸
忙着做……,忙于某事物
不可能的;不值得讨论的
(迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
日复一日
1. How difficult __________________it is to adjust to the customs of another country??
你认为适应另外一个国家的习俗有多难?
2. ________________________she had ever left her motherland.?
这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。
单元知识回眸
重点句式
do you think
It was the first time
3. But I was also very nervous as I didn ' t know ____________________…?
但是我又非常紧张,因为我不知道我期望的是什么……
4. ________________________________________, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.?
在高原地区的是喀喀湖,它是世界上海拔最高的湖,湖上可以行船。
单元知识回眸
In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca
what to expect
非限制性定语从句
单元知识回眸
单元语法
写给笔友的信
单元知识回眸
单元写作
[导读] 你知道到美国读大学需要多少费用吗?申请时应该注意哪些事项呢?
①Students who want to attend an American college or university must explain how they will pay for their education.They have to show that they will be able to pay for each year of study. ②Students have to consider not only the tuition, the cost of classes, but also meals and a place to live in, which is known as room and board.They also need money for books and supplies.And they need money to spend on social activities and other things.
延伸拓展阅读
Educational advisers say foreign students should have enough money in a local bank to pay for at least two months of expenditure.So how much will a year at an American school cost? Generally speaking, the answer is—a lot. A leading state university in the Pacific Northwest will serve as an example.The University of Washington says foreign students are paying more than $36,000 this year.This major research university currently has 2,600 foreign students from more than one hundred countries.There are many schools that cost less, but also others
延伸拓展阅读
that cost more.Its website says the University of Washington does not offer financial assistance to international students.This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level.
The international application for the university includes a Statement of Financial Responsibility that must be signed. Students must also provide a bank letter or statement from within the past six months. And they have to name someone who will help with payments.③These people must send proof from a bank to show that they have the money. Your government or
延伸拓展阅读
employer may be able to help you pay all or some of the college costs. A good idea is to ask at least eighteen months before you want to start classes in the United States.
Our Foreign Student Services, including links to websites discussed in our reports, can be found at www.unsv.com.To learn more about higher education in America, the State Department has a special website: educationusa.state.gov.
延伸拓展阅读
【典句赏析】
①句意:想去美国上大学的学生必须说明他们会如何支付他们的教育费用。
赏析:关系代词who引导的从句作定语修饰先行词students;宾语部分是how引导的从句。如:
Those who want to succeed must know how they can reach their goals.
凡是想成功的人必须知道他们如何才能达到目标。
延伸拓展阅读
②句意:学生们不得不考虑的不仅有学费,即上课的费用,还有饭钱和居住费用,这个就是大家都知道的食宿费用。
赏析:not only…but also为并列连词,连接的成分作动词consider的宾语;其中which引导的句子为修饰宾语的定语从句。如:
He can speak not only English but also French and Russian, which are seldom spoken in this country.
他不仅会说英语而且还会说法语和俄语,这两种语言在这个国家很少讲。
延伸拓展阅读
③句意:这些人必须把从银行开办的证据发过去来证明他们有钱。
赏析:此处that连接的句子为宾语从句。如:
You may rely on it that I shall help you.
你可以指望我会帮助你。
延伸拓展阅读
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language
Period Three Grammar
Period Four Writing
? 单元总结提升
旅行有益于人的身心健康,是一件愉快的事情。如果学会在旅行中省钱,那就更令人快乐了。
Wouldn ' t you want to travel more often without breaking the bank? If you are interested, read on to find out how you can do simple things to save money next time you go on vacation.
单元话题导入
Airfares
Plan in advance and visit discount websites to see if there are better deals. If you are planning to stay in two countries and an airline makes you change planes on those countries anyway, you might be in luck. Check pricing on the flights to see if you can stay a few days at the country of the flight change instead of changing planes right away since airlines often let you do that for the same price.
单元话题导入
Accommodations
Sometimes the smaller towns close to where you are going have hotels that are much less expensive. If you don ' t mind the 15-minute ride, you might just save a large amount of money. Home exchanges are pretty cool and popular especially in Europe. If you are of the adventure type, this could be exciting and refreshing. Sometimes smaller hotel chains are willing to give you free upgrades or even free nights. If you are staying at a destination for at least a few days, consider a vacation home instead of hotels. They are often more comfortable and your cost will probably be cheaper.
单元话题导入
Eating
Figure out where you will be and eat before you actually go out. Avoid breakfast from the hotels because chances are good that the breakfast from the hotel is expensive and isn ' t great. It probably pays to walk out the front door in the morning and find a local cafe. You might just discover the local favourite unexpectedly. Want a breakfast that costs nothing? Ask for some bread to-go at the restaurant the night before. In addition, fancy lunches are often much less expensive than dinners. If you eat a big lunch and a light dinner, it ' s also healthier.
单元话题导入
根据短文内容回答下面问题。
1.What aspects are mentioned in regard to saving money while we are travelling?
__________________________________________________________________________
2.If you stay at a destination for a few days, what kind of hotels are recommended? _________________________________
3.Why is it recommended that you ' d better avoid breakfast from the hotel?
__________________________________________________________________________
单元话题导入
Three aspects are mentioned—airfares, accommodations and eating.
A vacation home.
Because the breakfast from the hotel is often expensive and isn't great.
Ⅰ.Scan the text to find the main idea of the passage.
The text mainly tells us that?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fast Reading
课前自主预习
Task One
Xie Lei,a Chinese student studying in London,adapted herself to the university life there quickly by overcoming the difficulties in life and in her studies, fitting in well.
Ⅱ. Read the passage to find the main idea of each paragraph.
( )1. Para.1 A.The general introduction to Xie Lei and her study.
( )2. Para.2 B.The advantages of living with a host family.
( )3. Para.3 C.Xie Lei, a Chinese girl, is studying in a foreign country—
London.
( )4. Para.4 D.Xie Lei is getting used to the Western university's way of
learning.
课前自主预习
C
A
F
B
( )5. Para.5 E. The newspaper will follow Xie Lei's progress in later
editions.
( )6. Para.6 F. The difficulties Xie Lei met while living in London.
( )7. Para.7 G. Xie Lei feels much more at home in England now and is
living an active life.
课前自主预习
D
G
E
Ⅰ. Judge the following statements true (T) or false (F).
1. It was the first time that Xie Lei had left her home country. ( )
2. She has come to an England university to complete a literature qualification. ( )
3. Most foreign students must complete the preparation course before entering a course. ( )
4. Xie Lei lives in student apartments with other students. ( )
5. Now, Xie Lei doesn ' t feel much more at home in England. ( )
课前自主预习
Careful Reading
Task Two
T
T
F
F
F
Ⅱ. Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What is the text mainly about?
A.How Xie Lei spends her preparation year in England.
B.Xie Lei lives with a host family and learns a lot from them.
C.Xie Lei has finally learned to write essays with the help of the tutor.
D.How Xie Lei has adapted to the university life in England.
课前自主预习
【答案】
D
2. Why does Xie Lei have such a decision that she would like to board with a host family while studying in England?
A.She feels lonely while staying in a foreign country.
B.She is afraid to get used to a new life in a new country.
C.She can make good preparations for her courses.
D.She can have opportunities to learn more about life and customs in a new country.
课前自主预习
【答案】
D
3. How does Xie Lei try to get used to the new life in England?
A.She tries to avoid a feeling of homesick.
B.She tries to join in a few university clubs.
C.She tries to put her heart into her preparation course.
D.She tries to protect herself from the strange environment.
课前自主预习
【答案】
B
4. What can we learn from Xie Lei according to the passage?
A.She is timid(羞怯的).
B.She is brave.
C.She is determined.
D.She is honest.
课前自主预习
【答案】
C
5. Where might the article be from?
A.A student newspaper.
B.An interview.
C.A report.
D.An advertisement.
课前自主预习
【答案】
A
Read the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.
Six months ago Xie Lei boarded a plane for London 1.________ (complete) a business qualification. It was the first time that she 2._______ (leave) her motherland. When she came to England,she lived with a host family, 3.________members always helped her. When she missed her family, it ' s a great comfort to have 4.________substitute family to be with.
课前自主预习
to complete
Micro?writing
Task Three
had left
whose
a
At the beginning she had to face such difficulties of daily life as how 5._______ (use) the phone,and how to pay bus fare.Besides,she also had to face the difficulties of learning at the university.Studying there was quite 6.________ (differ) from studying in China and she needed some preparations first.She had to get used to a new way of life,which took 7. all her concentration. It was 8. (benefit) as well as difficult for her to study in London.
课前自主预习
up
to use
different
beneficial
She learned how to fulfill Western academic 9._______________(require).Her tutor told her not to write what other people had said without 10._________________(acknowledge) them. Xie Lei also learned that as a student,she should not use other people ' s work but try to express her own ideas.?
课前自主预习
acknowledging
requirements
1 recommend vt.推荐;建议
(教材P38) Xie Lei highly recommends it. 谢蕾极力推荐它(预科课程)。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
recommend sb sth=recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐、介绍某物
recommend sb for/as 推荐某人……
recommend doing 建议做……
recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
recommend that… 建议……
[温馨提示]
(1)recommend后可接不定式的复合结构,也可接doing 形式。类似用法的词还有:allow, advise, forbid, permit等。
(2)recommend 表示主观判断时, 后面的从句通常用虚拟语气, 从句中谓语用“should+动词原形”结构, should 可以省略。类似用法的词还有:advise, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, require, suggest, urge等。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Experts recommend fruits for lowering the chance of being overweight. 专家推荐水果来降低肥胖的概率。
(2)I can recommend Miss Green as a good typist.
我可以推荐格林小姐作为一名优秀的打字员。
(3)It is strongly recommended that the project (should) not be started until all the preparations have been made.
有人强烈建议直到所有准备工作就绪后工程再开工。
课堂互动探究
(4)Doctors _________________________a walk after supper. ?
医生们建议晚饭后散步。
(5)老师建议我们读这本小说。
The teacher _______________________________________________. ?
=The teacher ________________________read the novel. ?
课堂互动探究
recommend taking
recommends that we (should) read the novel
recommends us to
2 comfort n. [U]舒适,安慰,[单数]令人感到安慰的人(或事物) vt.安慰
(教材P38) Also,when I miss my family,it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)in comfort=comfortably 舒适地;放松地
be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
(2)comfort sb (=give comfort to sb) 安慰某人
(3)comfortable adj. 舒服的;安逸的
uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的
(4)comfortably adv. 舒适地
【活学活用】
(1)No one could comfort him after his mother's death.
他母亲去世后,没有人能安慰他。
(2)When you are in low spirits, a few words of comfort may be of great help.
在你沮丧的时候,几句安慰的话也许会有莫大的帮助。
课堂互动探究
(3)It is her parents rather than her husband _____________________________ when she gets into trouble.?
当她陷入困境,给她安慰的是她的父母而不是丈夫。
(4)They had enough money to _____________________in their old age.
他们有足够的钱安度晚年。
(5)Now sit down and _________________________________. You must be very tired.?
快坐下来放松一下。 你肯定累坏了。
课堂互动探究
who give her comfort
live in comfort
make yourself comfortable
3 substitute n. 代替品;代用品 vt.用……代替……vi.代替
(教材P38) Also, when I miss my family, it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with. 还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
substitute A for B 用A代替B
substitute B with/by A 用A代替B
substitute for 代替……
be no substitute for sth 替代不了某物
【易混辨析】
(1)substitute多指暂时代替或代理;
(2)replace多指以新的换掉旧的、以好的换掉坏的。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)I can substitute cream for milk.=I can substitute milk with/by cream. 我可以用奶油代替牛奶。
(2)Feeling sorry for someone is no substitute for love.
对某人的怜悯是替代不了爱的。
课堂互动探究
(3)选词填空(substitute/replace)
①He ________________the old tyre with a new one.?
②It is not easy for a student to ________________for a teacher.?
(4)根据汉语提示完成句子
①In China many people use tea as _________________________(咖啡的代替品). ?
②We must ?
_____________________________________________________________________________
(用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子).
课堂互动探究
replaced
substitute
substitute a new chair for the broken one/replace the broken chair with a new one
a substitute for coffee
4 requirement n. [C]需求;要求
(教材P38) Xie Lei ' s preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic requirements of a Western university. 谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学在学术方面的要求。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
require vt. 要求;请求;需要
require that sb (should) do… 要求某人做某事
require sth of sb 要求某人(做)某事
require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
require doing/to be done 需要……
[温馨提示]
(1)如果要表示“某物需要被……”,用require doing或require to be done。
(2)require或requirement后接从句时,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”结构,should可以省略。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)This system will meet/satisfy our requirements.
这个系统会满足我们的要求。
(2)His computer requires repairing/to be repaired.
他的电脑需要修理。
课堂互动探究
(3)My requirement is that____________________________________ in public.?
我的要求是你公开向我道歉。
(4)This wall requires _________________.?
=This wall requires _____________________.?
这面墙需要修理了。
课堂互动探究
you (should) say sorry to me
repairing
to be repaired
5 acknowledge vt.承认;确认;答谢
(教材P38)First of all,he told me,I couldn ' t write what other people had said without acknowledging them.
他告诉我,首先,我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)acknowledge (doing) sth 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge that… 承认……
acknowledge sth/sb to be/as 承认某事/某人是……
It is universally/generally acknowledged that… ……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢
【活学活用】
(1)They acknowledged having been defeated at last.
最终他们承认被打败了。
(2)He was acknowledged to be the best player.
他被认为是最好的队员。
课堂互动探究
(3)She _______________________an expert on the subject.?
她被认为是这方面的专家。
(4)She ___________________________in her letter.?
她在信中对他的帮助表示感谢。
(5)__________________________________________________ studying English has become a necessity in China.?
在中国学习英语已成为了一种需要,这是大家公认的。
课堂互动探究
is acknowledged as
It is universally/generally acknowledged that
acknowledged his help
6 contradict vt.反驳;驳斥
(教材P38)Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors I ' d read!最后,他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点!
课堂互动探究
(1)contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(2)contradiction n. 反驳;矛盾,对立
in contradiction to 相互矛盾
(3)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
【活学活用】
(1)He contradicts himself sometimes in the same sentence.
有时在同一句子中他会自相矛盾。
(2)His public speeches are in contradiction to his personal lifestyle.
他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式相互矛盾。
(3)The speaker had got confused, and started___________________________.?
演讲者被弄糊涂了,说话开始自相矛盾起来。
课堂互动探究
contradicting himself
(4)用contradict的适当形式填空
①The advice I received was often ________________.?
②There is a __________________between the two sets of figures.?
③I ' m afraid what you said yesterday ________________what you are doing.?
课堂互动探究
contradictory
contradicts
contradiction
7 occupy vt.占用;占领;占据;使忙碌
(教材P39)I have been so occupied with work that I haven ' t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于学习,以至于没有时间去参加社交活动。
课堂互动探究
(1)be occupied in doing sth/with sth 忙于做某事
occupy oneself with/in doing sth 忙于……;专心于……
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
(2)occupation n. 占用;职业
【语境助记】
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)This game will keep the children occupied.
这个游戏会让孩子们有的忙了。
(2)She occupied herself with routine office tasks.
她忙于办公室的日常工作。
课堂互动探究
(3)Tom __________________doing his homework. ?
汤姆正忙于做他的作业。
(4)You need to find something to __________________________when you retire.?
退休后你得找点儿事让自己忙碌起来。
课堂互动探究
is occupied in
occupy yourself with
1 keep it up 保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
(教材P38)KEEP IT UP, XIE LEI 谢蕾,再接再厉
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
keep up 使不低落;维持;保持
keep up with 跟上;与……齐步前进;与……保持联系
keep away 勿靠近
keep away from 离开;避开
keep back 保留;阻止;保持距离
keep off 使不接近/不接触/远离
keep to 坚持;保持;不离开;履行
keep out (使)不进入;留在外面
【活学活用】
(1)We must keep up our fine traditions.
我们必须保持我们的优良传统。
(2)In order to keep healthy, you should keep away from fried foods. 为了保持健康,你应该远离油炸食品。
课堂互动探究
(3)Hurry up,or you won't _________________them.?
快点儿,否则你就跟不上他们了。
(4)Well done, and ________________, Tom! ?
做得好,汤姆,再接再厉!
(5)I got the feeling he was ______________________________.?
我感觉他有事瞒着我。
课堂互动探究
keep up with
keep it up
keeping something back
2 fit in 相适应;相融合
(教材P38)Chinese student fitting in well中国学生适应能力强
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)fit sb/sth in 找到时间见某人/做某事
fit in with 符合;与……一致;适应
(2)be fit for 胜任,适合(其中的fit为形容词)
be fit to do sth 适合做某事
keep fit 保持健康
表示“适合(做)……”的短语有:
be suited for sth; be suited to do sth
be suitable for sth; be suitable to do sth
be up for sth; be up to do sth
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Mary joined a painting group but didn't seem to fit in, so she left.
玛丽参加了一个绘画小组,但是似乎和那些人合不来,所以她离开了。
(2)Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?
这些计划与你的安排一致吗?
课堂互动探究
(3)He has never done this type of work before; I'm not sure whether he'll___________. ?
他以前从未做过这种工作, 我不确定他是否能适应。
(4)She feels she doesn't _________________those people. ?
她觉得和那些人格格不入。
fit in with
fit in
3 as/so far as one is concerned 就……而言
(教材P38)Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.
此外,他认为,别人的想法并不是最重要的。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
as far as it goes 就……而言
as far as the eye can see 远至肉眼所及
as far as one knows/remembers 就某人所知/所记
so far 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)As far as I'm concerned, I should like to say I am not in favour of the plan.
就我而言,我想说我不赞成这个计划。
(2)The rise in interest rates will be disastrous as far as small firms are concerned.
利率升高对小公司来说是灾难性的。
课堂互动探究
(3)________________________________________, he is the best in our class. ?
就英语(学习)来说, 他是我们班最优秀的。
(4)__________________________________, having guns privately is the main cause of it. ?
就这个案件而言, 私自拥有枪支是它的主要起因。
As far as English study is concerned
As far as the case is concerned
1 (教材P37)How difficult do you think it is to adjust to the customs of another country?你认为适应另外一个国家的习俗有多难?
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
特殊疑问词+do you think+陈述语序
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
句中do you think作插入语,意为“你认为”,常置于句中。句首以特殊疑问词开头,句子用陈述语序,构成“特殊疑问词+do you think+陈述语序”结构。
【相关拓展】
与think用法相似的词还有believe,expect,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)How do you think the test went?
你认为那次测试怎么样?
(2)Who do you suppose we saw at the restaurant?
你猜我们在餐馆看到了谁?
课堂互动探究
(3)Who do you guess ____________________??
你猜他在等谁?
(4)________________________ sport is so popular??
你认为体育运动如此受欢迎的原因是什么?
he is waiting for
Why do you think
2 (教材P38)It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开祖国。
课堂互动探究
【句型公式】
It/This/That is/was+序数词+time(that)…
课堂互动探究
【句式点拨】
本句使用了句型“It/This/That is/was+序数词+time(that)…”,意为“这/那是某人第……次做……”。若主句使用is,从句谓语动词要用现在完成时;若主句使用was,则从句谓语动词使用过去完成时。
【相关拓展】
It is/was (high) time that sb should do/did sth. 意为“到了某人做某事的时间了。”相当于It is/was time for sb to do sth.
the first time还可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,表示“第一次……时”。
for the first time是介词短语,只能用作句子的状语,不可用来引导状语从句,它不具有连词的功能。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)It is the first time that I have won the prize.
这是我第一次获奖。
(2)I fell in love with Lucy the first time I met her in Atlanta.
我在亚特兰大第一次见到露西时就爱上了她。
(3)We met at college for the first time.
我们第一次见面是在上大学时。
课堂互动探究
(4)It's the first time that an African American ____________________(被选为) President of the USA.?
(5)This was the third time that he____________________________(反驳他的家庭教师). ?
(6)It is high time that some measures______________________________(采取) to stop drunk driving.?
has been elected
had contradicted his tutor
were taken/should be taken
1 apology n. 道歉;谢罪
(教材P40)Sara acknowledged her mistake and made an apology immediately. 萨拉承认了错误并且立刻道歉。
课堂互动探究
词汇点睛
课堂互动探究
(1)offer/make/demand/accept an apology
主动道歉/致歉/要求道歉/接受道歉
make an apology to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
in apology for 为……辩解
(2)apologize vi. 道歉;认错
apologize to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
【活学活用】
(1)We should offer our apologies for the delay to your flight today. 今天航班误点,敬请原谅。
(2)Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience we have caused.
若有不便,敬请谅解。
(3)I must apologize for not being able to meet you.
我因未能见你而向你道歉。
课堂互动探究
(4)You must _____________________________________________________her waiting so long.?
让她等了这么久,你应该为此向她表示道歉。
(5)He ___________________________________________________________for being late for school.?
他因上学迟到向老师道歉。
课堂互动探究
make an apology/apologize to her for having kept
made an apology to the teacher/apologized to the teacher
2 parallel adj.平行的;相同的;类似的 adv.平行地
(教材P43)It has three main geographical areas:a narrow coastal belt;the Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast;and high,flat plains in the southeast.从地理上讲,它有三大主要地区:狭长的临海地带、与海岸平行的安第斯山脉以及东南部地势高的平原地区。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)be parallel to/with 与……平行
(2)parallel n. 极其相似的人(或情况、事件等)
in a parallel with 与……在一条平行线上
be without (a) parallel 无与伦比
without a parallel in the world 举世无双
(3)parallel v. 与……相似;与……同时发生;与……媲美
【活学活用】
(1)The road and the canal are parallel to/with each other,which is the result of the government's work.
这条道路与运河相互平行,这是政府工作的结果。
(2)This is an achievement without parallel in modern times.
这是现代无可比拟的成就。
课堂互动探究
(3)Her performance ______________________________________in the world.?
她的表演举世无双。
(4)This tradition _______________________in our culture.?
这种传统在我们的文化中是没有的。
课堂互动探究
has never been paralleled
has no parallel
3 abundant adj.丰富的,充裕的
(教材P43)Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.
秘鲁有着大量的植物,从荒漠植被到大片的丛林。
课堂互动探究
课堂互动探究
(1)be abundant in=be rich in ……充裕;……丰富
(2)abundantly adv. 丰富地;充裕地
(3)abundance n. 丰富;充裕
an abundance of… 丰富的……
in abundance 大量,丰富
【活学活用】
(1)The south of China has abundant rainfall.
中国南方雨量充足。
(2)This area of the country is abundant in bird life.
这个国家的这个地区盛产鸟类。
课堂互动探究
(3)Wild flowers grow ____________________on the hillside.?
山坡上长满了野花。
(4)At the feast there was ________________________food and drink.?
宴会上有丰盛的食品和饮料。
课堂互动探究
in abundance
an abundance of
4 govern vi.& vt.统治;支配;管理
(教材P43)Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire,much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards.
秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富有的印加帝国的中心。自16世纪以来,南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。
课堂互动探究
(1)government n. 政府;管理;统治(权)
(2)governor n. 州长;省长;总督;统治者
【易混辨析】
govern指行使权力以指导、监督国事。通常用于积极的方面。
rule指绝对、专制的权力者运用权力直接并完全控制,且强制使人服从。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)You had better not be governed by the opinions of others. 你最好不要受别人的意见支配。
(2)Having faith in the masses is the requirement for government. 相信群众是对政府的要求。
(3)Who really _________________________??
谁真正统治着这个国家?
课堂互动探究
governs this country
(4)用govern/rule的适当形式填空
①In the 18th century California was __________by Spain.?
②The law of supply and demand ______________the prices of goods.?
③The ___________who has worked in the ________________for 10 years_____________ the state wisely and well.?
课堂互动探究
ruled
governs
governor
government
governs
1 day in and day out 日复一日
(教材P40)Day in and day out I follow almost the same routine.我几乎天天都是这样做的。
课堂互动探究
短语储存
课堂互动探究
the other day 前几天
day and night 日日夜夜
day by day 一天一天地;逐日
day after day 日复一日;连续地
from day to day 天天,过一天算一天
every other day 每隔一天
to this day 直到今天
by the day 按日
【活学活用】
(1)We've had noodles for dinner day in and day out,till I'm tired of them.
我们正餐天天吃面条,吃得我都发腻了。
(2)Day in and day out,no matter what the weather is like,she walks ten miles.
她不管天气如何,每天总是步行十英里。
(3)Day after day she waited in vain for him to telephone her.
日复一日,她徒劳地等待他给她打电话。
课堂互动探究
(4)Some news reporters camped upon his doorstep___________________.?
一些新闻记者日夜在他家门口纠缠不走。
(5)She visits her parents____________________.?
她每隔几天看望她父母一次。
(6)He went fishing by the river _____________________________________.?
他天天去河边钓鱼。
课堂互动探究
day and night
every few days
day in and day out/day after day
2 out of the question 不可能的;不值得讨论的
(教材P43)It's out of the question.那是不可能的。
课堂互动探究
out of/beyond/without question 毫无疑问
in question 讨论中的;被讨论的;有疑问的
There is/was no question of sth/sb's doing sth.
某事/某人做某事是不可能的。
[温馨提示] out of question意为“毫无疑问”,通常作表语,相当于形容词。但若在question前加the,即out of the question,则意为“不可能的”。如:
To finish the job in an hour is out of question for a teacher, but it is out of the question for a student.
在一小时内完成这项工作对一位老师来说不成问题,但对于一个学生来说是不可能的。
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Another trip abroad this year is out of the question.
今年再度出国是不可能的。
(2)The goods in question have been stolen.
所说的那些货物已经被盗。
(3)He did it ____________________.?
毫无疑问是他做的这件事。
课堂互动探究
out of question
(4)用out of the question/out of question填空
①Without your help, finishing the task ahead of time would be ________________________.?
②We are friends. It is ___________________that I will write to you.?
③It ' s ________________________for ancient people to use computers, which is_____________________.?
课堂互动探究
out of the question
out of question
out of the question
out of question
3 settle in/into (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来,适应(新环境等)
(教材P45)things you can do to help him/her settle in你为帮他/她安顿下来能做的事
课堂互动探究
settle down (在某地)定居下来,过安定的生活;(使某人)安静下来
settle down to 定下心做;开始认真对待
settle up 付清
settle on 同意;决定
settle for (勉强)接受;(将就着)同意
【活学活用】
(1)Do come and see us when we ' ve settled in.
等我们安顿下来以后,请一定来看我们。
(2)I ' m glad to learn that you ' ve settled down in Boston.
得知你已在波士顿定居,我很高兴。
(3)It was two o ' clock when I could finally _____________________the book.?
等我终于能安下心来看这本书时都已经两点了。
课堂互动探究
settle down to
(4)How are the kids ____________________their new school??
这些孩子们在新学校适应的如何?
(5)She seems to have ___________________quickly her new company.?
她好像很快就适应了新的公司。
课堂互动探究
settling in/into
settled in/into
(教材P43)In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.在高原地区的是喀喀湖,它是世界上海拔最高的湖,湖上可以行船。
课堂互动探究
句型透视
【句型公式】
完全倒装句
【句式点拨】
“In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca.”为一个全部倒装句,正常语序为:Lake Titicaca is in the high plains area.
课堂互动探究
【相关拓展】
完全倒装用法如下:
(1)当表示地点的介词短语位于句首,且主语为名词,谓语动词为be, come, lie, sit, stand, walk等不及物动词时,句子的主谓要完全倒装;
(2)地点副词(here, there),方位副词(out, in, up, down)及时间副词(now, then)等位于句首,且谓语动词为be, come, go等不及物动词时,句子的主谓要完全倒装;
(3)形容词短语/分词短语位于句首,句子的主谓要完全倒装。(注:如果主语是代词,而不是名词,句子不倒装)
课堂互动探究
【活学活用】
(1)Present at the meeting were students from our school.
出席会议的是我们学校的学生。
(2)Down jumped the naughty boy.
那个调皮的男孩跳了下来。
(3)_______________________when we were young.?
我们年轻的日子一去不复返了。
(4)Look out! __________________________!?
小心!公交车来了!
课堂互动探究
Gone are the days
Here comes the bus
非限制性定语从句
一、非限制性定语从句的用法
非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系比较疏散,从句只是对先行词起补充说明的作用,若去掉它,句子的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间常用逗号隔开,译成汉语时,从句常单独译成一句话。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as, which, whom, who, whose等,关系副词有when, where等。
语法归纳
Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
汤姆的爸爸已经60多岁了,依然日夜努力工作。
All of us went to the Palace Museum, where we visited the clock section.
我们所有人都去了故宫博物院,在那儿我们参观了钟表馆。
语法归纳
二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题
1. 非限制性定语从句不用that引导。
I am fond of the novel, which you bought for me.
我非常喜欢那本小说,就是你给我买的那本。
2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。
I have told him the reason, for which I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车,我已经告诉了他原因。
语法归纳
3. 关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中一般不省略。
He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother.
他急于去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬。
语法归纳
三、as, which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
1. 两者都可引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句或主句的一部分内容,有时可以互换。但as引导的从句位置较灵活,能置于主句之后、之前或插在主句中间,且有“正如……”之意;而which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
语法归纳
As we know, light travels faster than sound.
=Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.
=Light travels faster than sound, as we know.
正如我们所知,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。
My parents often treat me as a baby, which I can ' t bear.
我的父母常常把我当小孩看待,这是我难以忍受的。
语法归纳
2. as常用于as is well known, as often happens, as may be imagined, as we know, as we can see, as we expect等结构中,而which不能。
Smoking is harmful to one ' s health, as is known to all.
吸烟有害健康,这一点是众所周知的。
语法归纳
四、“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
“介词+关系代词”既可以用于限制性定语从句,也可以用于非限制性定语从句。而且还可以与关系副词where,when等转换。
He came to a farm, on which he finally settled down.
他来到一个农场,最终在那里定居。
He has two sons, both of whom are doctors.
他有两个儿子,都是医生。
语法归纳
【活学活用】
Ⅰ. 根据句意用适当的关系词或介词填空
1. The audience,most of __________are students,enjoyed the film very much that night.?
2. The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.?
3. I may have to work late,in __________ case I ' ll telephone you.?
4. Last week I met Li Ping, __________ seemed very excited.?
语法归纳
whom
as
who
which
5. He changed his mind, _________made us very disappointed.?
6. The man got into a situation _________he had to make his own decision at once.?
7. The glasses, _________ which he was like a blind man,were broken.?
8. Yesterday Tom left for Canada, _________he had stayed for two years.?
9. Have you seen the film A World Without Thieves, _________ leading actor is world-famous??
10. We are living in an age _________many things are done on the Internet.?
语法归纳
which
where
without
whose
where
when
Ⅱ. 把下列句子合成一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句
1. He is waiting for his passport. He spent 100 dollars on his passport.
?______________________________________________________________________
2. Cuzco lies in the south of Peru and it was once known as the City of the Sun.
____________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
He is waiting for his passport, on which he spent 100 dollars.
In the south of Peru lies Cuzco, which was once known as the City of the Sun.
3. My brother, Jim, is working in Paris. Paris is the capital of France.
?____________________________________________________________________________
4. The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter. It was beyond my expectation.
?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
My brother, Jim, is working in Paris, which is the capital of France.
The poor cat lived through the cold and snowy winter, which was beyond my expectation.
5. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year and 80% of them are sold abroad.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法归纳
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
Period Four Writing
高考高频话题写作之环境保护
【命题规律】
关注社会,关注人文是新课标的要求,因此,对一些社会热点现象进行简单的叙述进而发表自己的看法是学生能力的一种体现,也是高考常考的内容。环境保护话题引起了社会的广泛关注,是人人皆知的内容。保护环境,人人有责。
基础写作知识
【写作素材】
pollute污染;save energy/water 节约能源/水; sort rubbish 把垃圾分类;recycle textbooks/trash 回收利用课本/垃圾;ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟; improve one's living condition 改善居住条件;keep the balance of nature 保持自然的平衡; ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋; protect the environment 保护环境;send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air 向空气中散发出烟和有毒气体;cut down trees砍伐树木;
基础写作知识
pour waste water into the rivers把废水注入河流;form good habits to protect the surroundings养成良好的习惯来保护环境;take active measures to protect rare animals采取积极措施保护稀有动物;take good care of our forests养护好我们的森林;plant more trees to improve the environment 多植树来改善环境;It is a shame to throw rubbish around. 乱扔垃圾是可耻的。Don't litter/spit everywhere!不要随地扔垃圾/吐痰! Waste is scattering here and there. 到处撒满了废弃物。The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. 可怕的污染已经严重危害到我们自己还有我们的环境。
基础写作知识
【经典例题】
请仔细观察图片,并谈谈你的理解及看法。按照要求完成一篇英语短文。
基础写作知识
要求:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
As is shown in the picture, something is thrown out of a moving car and a cleaner can do nothing but glare at it.______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________?
基础写作知识
One possible version:
As is shown in the picture, something is thrown out of a moving car and a cleaner can do nothing but glare at it.?
Nowadays, this phenomenon happens frequently, causing pollution to the environment and bringing heavy burden to the cleaners.
基础写作知识
Obviously, it is the ignorance of safety that leads to such behaviour. In my view, we should take measures to solve the problem. On the one hand, laws should be made to stop it. Whoever throws waste from cars or buses will be fined. On top of it, the government can offer taxi drivers free waste bags so that passengers can throw waste into the bags. On the other hand, individuals should develop the awareness of environment and keep it in mind that safety comes first. Only when all the people attach importance to society ethics can we have a better environment to live in.
基础写作知识
【及时演练】
假如你是李华,你的美国网友David给你写信,询问近年来多次袭击中国华北的雾霾情况。请你给他写封回信,感谢他的关注,简述雾霾在交通环境和健康方面带来的危害并谈谈你的看法。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:雾霾 haze
基础写作知识
Dear David,
I am glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your concern about the heavy haze in North China. Now I'd like to tell you something about it.___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hoping to hear from you soon and share your good ideas.
Yours,
Li Hua
基础写作知识
One possible version:
Dear David,?
I am glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your concern about the heavy haze in North China. Now I ' d like to tell you something about it.?
基础写作知识
Since the winter last year, the haze has occurred a lot of times, which has brought much inconvenience to our daily life and done great harm to people's health. Many traffic accidents have happened just because of the heavy haze weather. In addition, quite a lot of flights have to be put off and a great number of people have to stay at home to avoid the poisonous air. What's more, many people have suffered from bad coughs, sore throats and other serious diseases caused by the haze.
基础写作知识
Personally, I think not only the government but also everyone should try to make a difference. I strongly approve of the idea that we can try to drive less and buy environmentally-friendly products.
Hoping to hear from you soon and share your good ideas.?
Yours,
Li Hua?
基础写作知识
写给笔友的信
【写作点拨】
文体介绍
一般格式:英文书信的构成可分6个部分:
信头(Heading)
收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)
称呼(Salutation)
信文(Body of the Letter)
结束语(Complimentary Close)
署名(Signature)
单元话题写作
1. 信头(Heading)
信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址以及日期。格式如下:
256 West Nanjing Street
Nanchang,Jiangxi Province
China
Sep.3rd, 2000
注意:写地址的次序与中文不同,应先写门牌号码街道,然后是城市和国名。
单元话题写作
日期的几种写法:
a. July 7, 1998
b. 1st October, 1998
c. 30 Nov.,1997
d. Sep.3rd,1999
特别注意英文书信日期应紧跟着写信人地址下一行,不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后,这是很多学生易犯错误的地方。
单元话题写作
2. 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)
写信人的地址和日期写好以后,接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址。一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写收信人的姓名和地址,而在给较熟悉的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行,收信人地址可分两行或三行写,和写信人的地址一样,上下可取齐,也可向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号,称号因人而异。格式如下:
单元话题写作
66 Smith Street
Manchester
England
27th May, 1999
Mr Jee Green
West Tenth Street
Hawaii
America
单元话题写作
3. 称呼(Salutation)
称呼指的是信文开头的称呼,如Dear,Mr,Uncle,各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般用逗号。
4. 信文(Body of the Letter)
信文是信件的主体部分,也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐,也有往后退四个或八个字母的。
单元话题写作
5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)
结束语的一般写法如下:
Yours truly,
Truly yours,
Sincerely yours,
Yours sincerely,
6. 署名(Signature)
下面是署名的例子:
Yours truly,
W.J.Watson
单元话题写作
常用的开头语:
①Thank you for your letter dated September 1.
②Thank you very much for your letter and the gift you sent me.
③I have the pleasure/honour to inform/tell you that…
④I must apologize for not writing to you for so long.
⑤I am writing to you…
⑥I am excited/glad/happy to learn that…
单元话题写作
【词句模板】
常用的正文:
Although I don't know how to deal with the trouble you have mentioned,I am very happy because I have a chance to…
That's about it. Let's talk about…now.
单元话题写作
常用的结束语:
①I look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
②I look forward to seeing you soon/our next meeting/hearing from you.
③Please write to me when you have time.
④Please remember me to your family.
⑤With best regards to your family.
⑥Please give my love/regards/best wishes to…
单元话题写作
【活学活用】
假设你是李华,是一名高二学生。你的笔友王琳最近发来电子邮件说她感到非常苦恼。她的父母不允许她在周末看电视,希望她把时间都用在学习上。请根据下面的提示给王琳写一封回信,给她提出一些建议。内容包括:
1. 表示理解和同情;
2. 提出建议:与父母多交流、理解父母……
3. 你的祝愿。
单元话题写作
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Wang Lin,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
单元话题写作
One possible version：
Dear Wang Lin, ?
I learn from your letter that you are annoyed that you are not permitted to watch TV at the weekend. I fully understand how you are feeling now.
I know you enjoy watching TV very much, especially those TV series. Besides, it is really boring to do our homework all day without any relaxation. However, as students, we have so much homework to do.
单元话题写作
If we spend too much time on TV, there will be little time left for our studies. That is why our parents expect us to focus on our lessons. I hope you will have a heart-to-heart talk with your parents, which can help you understand each other better. Maybe they will allow you to watch an English movie every weekend.
Yours sincerely,?
Li Hua ?
单元话题写作
1. ________________ n. 资格;资历→___________v. 取得资格;达到标准;使具有资格→ ____________ adj. 有资格的;合格的;胜任的?
2. ______________ n. 准备;预备→ _________ v. 准备;预备?
3. _____________ vt. 推荐;建议→ __________________ n. 推荐;介绍(信);劝告;建议?
4. _____________ n. 舒适;安慰 vt. 安慰→ _______________ adj. 舒适的;舒服的→ _________________ adv. 舒适地;舒服地?
单元知识回眸
重点单词
qualification
qualified
preparation
recommend
recommendation
qualify
prepare
comfort
comfortable
comfortably
5. ______________n. 需要;要求→ ___________ v. 需要;要求?
6. ___________ n. 草稿;草案 vt. 草拟;起草→ ______________ n. 拟稿人;起草人?
7. ________________ vt. 承认;确认;答谢→ __________________ n. 承认;认同;致谢?
8. ______________ vt. 反驳;驳斥→ ___________________ n. 反驳;矛盾;对立→ _________________ adj. 互相矛盾的;互相对立的?
9. ______________ vt.占用;占领;占据→ ______________ n.[U]占领, 占据;[C]工作;职业?
10. ______________ n. 道歉;谢罪→ ______________ v. 道歉?
单元知识回眸
draft
acknowledge
contradict
occupy
draftsman
require
apology
apologize
requirement
acknowledgement
contradiction
contradictory
occupation
11. _____________n. 获学士学位的人;未婚男子→____________n. 硕士→____________n. 博士?
12. ____________adj. 可选择的;随意的→____________n. 选择?
13. __________n. 代理人;经纪人→____________n. 代理处;代办处?
14. ____________adj. 丰富的;充裕的→______________n. 丰富;充足;富裕?
15. ____________vt.& vi. 统治;支配;管理→____________n. 州长;总督;统治者→_________________n. 政府??
单元知识回眸
master
bachelor
doctor
option
optional
agent
agency
abundant
govern
abundance
governor
government
1. ________________ 适应;调节?
2. ________________ 保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
3. ________________ 相适应;相融合
4. _____________________________ ? 就……而言
单元知识回眸
重点短语
adjust to
keep it up
fit in
as far as one is concerned
5. ____________________________ be occupied with
6. ____________________________ out of the question
7. _______________________________________ settle in
8. ___________________ day in and day out
单元知识回眸
忙着做……,忙于某事物
不可能的;不值得讨论的
(迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
日复一日
1. How difficult __________________it is to adjust to the customs of another country??
你认为适应另外一个国家的习俗有多难?
2. ________________________she had ever left her motherland.?
这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。
单元知识回眸
重点句式
do you think
It was the first time
3. But I was also very nervous as I didn ' t know ____________________…?
但是我又非常紧张,因为我不知道我期望的是什么……
4. ________________________________________, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.?
在高原地区的是喀喀湖,它是世界上海拔最高的湖,湖上可以行船。
单元知识回眸
In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca
what to expect
非限制性定语从句
单元知识回眸
单元语法
写给笔友的信
单元知识回眸
单元写作
[导读] 你知道到美国读大学需要多少费用吗?申请时应该注意哪些事项呢?
①Students who want to attend an American college or university must explain how they will pay for their education.They have to show that they will be able to pay for each year of study. ②Students have to consider not only the tuition, the cost of classes, but also meals and a place to live in, which is known as room and board.They also need money for books and supplies.And they need money to spend on social activities and other things.
延伸拓展阅读
Educational advisers say foreign students should have enough money in a local bank to pay for at least two months of expenditure.So how much will a year at an American school cost? Generally speaking, the answer is—a lot. A leading state university in the Pacific Northwest will serve as an example.The University of Washington says foreign students are paying more than $36,000 this year.This major research university currently has 2,600 foreign students from more than one hundred countries.There are many schools that cost less, but also others
延伸拓展阅读
that cost more.Its website says the University of Washington does not offer financial assistance to international students.This is generally true of American schools, especially at the undergraduate level.
The international application for the university includes a Statement of Financial Responsibility that must be signed. Students must also provide a bank letter or statement from within the past six months. And they have to name someone who will help with payments.③These people must send proof from a bank to show that they have the money. Your government or
延伸拓展阅读
employer may be able to help you pay all or some of the college costs. A good idea is to ask at least eighteen months before you want to start classes in the United States.
Our Foreign Student Services, including links to websites discussed in our reports, can be found at www.unsv.com.To learn more about higher education in America, the State Department has a special website: educationusa.state.gov.
延伸拓展阅读
【典句赏析】
①句意:想去美国上大学的学生必须说明他们会如何支付他们的教育费用。
赏析:关系代词who引导的从句作定语修饰先行词students;宾语部分是how引导的从句。如:
Those who want to succeed must know how they can reach their goals.
凡是想成功的人必须知道他们如何才能达到目标。
延伸拓展阅读
②句意:学生们不得不考虑的不仅有学费,即上课的费用,还有饭钱和居住费用,这个就是大家都知道的食宿费用。
赏析:not only…but also为并列连词,连接的成分作动词consider的宾语;其中which引导的句子为修饰宾语的定语从句。如:
He can speak not only English but also French and Russian, which are seldom spoken in this country.
他不仅会说英语而且还会说法语和俄语,这两种语言在这个国家很少讲。
延伸拓展阅读
③句意:这些人必须把从银行开办的证据发过去来证明他们有钱。
赏析:此处that连接的句子为宾语从句。如:
You may rely on it that I shall help you.
你可以指望我会帮助你。
延伸拓展阅读