中考语法复习—— 被动语态专讲专练（含答案）

被动语态专讲专练
记忆以下动词不规则变化
（1）AAA 型 （动词原形与过去式，过去分词均同形）
cost（花费） cost cost cut（割） cut cut hit（打）hit hit hurt 伤害） hurt hurt let（让） let let put（放） put put read （读） read read
(2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形） beat（跳动）beat beaten
(3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形） become（变成） became become come（来） came come run（跑） ran run
(4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形） dig（挖） dug dug get（得到） got got hang（吊死） hanged hanged hang（悬挂） hung hung hold（抓住） held held shine（照耀） shone shone sit（坐） sat sat win （赢） won won meet（遇见） met met keep （保持） kept kept sleep（睡） slept slept sweep（扫） swept swept feel（感觉） felt felt smell（闻） smelt smelt leave（离开） left left build（建设） built built lend（借出） lent lent send （传送) sent sent spend（花费） spent spent lose （丢失） lost lost burn （燃烧） burnt burnt learn（学习） learnt learnt mean（意思是） meant meant catch（抓住） caught caught teach（教） taught taught bring（带来） brought brought fight （战斗） fought fought buy（买） bought bought think（想） thought thought hear （听见） heard heard sell（卖） sold sold tell（告诉） told told say（说） said said find（找到） found found have/has（有） had had make（制造） made made stand（站） stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形） begin（开始） began begun drink（喝） drank drunk ring（铃响） rang rung sing （唱） sang sung swim（游泳） swam swum blow（吹）blew blown draw （画） drew drawn fly（飞） flew flown grow（生长）grew grown know（知道） knew known throw（投掷） threw thrown
show（出示） showed shown break（打破）broke broken
choose（选择） chose chosen forget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot) speak（说，讲） spoke spoken wake（醒） woke woke drive（驾驶） drove driven eat（吃） ate eaten fall（落下） fell fallen give（给） gave given rise（升高） rose risen take（取） took taken mistake（弄错） mistook mistaken ride（骑） rode ridden write（写） wrote written do（做） did done go（去） went gone lie（平躺） lay lain see（看见） saw seen wear （穿） wore worn be ( am, is, are )（是）was, were been
一、语态概述：
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：???
English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。
所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
例如：
He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)
　　
二. 被动语态的构成：
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught
一般过去时：was／were＋taught
一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught
现在完成时：have／has been＋taught
记忆歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三. 被动语态的用法：
1. 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：
1) Some new computers were stolen last night.
　　???? 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
2) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：
1) This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
2) Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。
记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法：
1. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2. 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主? 动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。
3. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如：
1) All the people laughed at him.= He was laughed at by all people.
2) They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are made by them in the factory.
记忆歌诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
五. 注意事项编辑
1.不及物动词无被动语态。
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。这些动词主语以物居多，谓语动词一般表示主语的性质和特征。这类动词有许多，如: write, break, sell 等。
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 感官动词有smell,sound,taste,fell等。使役动词有let,make,have,help,hear,see,watch,notice,look,listen.
例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
His mother gave him a present for his birthday.→ He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
4.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can't laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
6.一些表示状态的动词没有被动语态。如：have, belong to等。
例如：
1) We can repair this watch in two days. = This watch can be repaired in two days.
2) You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away.
3) They should do it at once. = It should be done at once.
被动语态最全专项练习
一、选择题
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
( )6.How many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
( )10.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us
( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put
( )14.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library?
11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city?
16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.
17. Look! Someone __________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态）
_______ people _________ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year．
3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)
How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ?
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)
An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children.
5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态)
It ______ ________ ________ by you now.
6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal ________ _________ _______making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him.
8.They are watching the football match.
The football match _______ _______ _______ by them.
9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)
__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?
10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)
The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.
11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)
The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.
四、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight． ____________
②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ ____________
③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people． ____________
④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________
⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _____________
Answers
一、选择题（2×15=30分）
1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn’t been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （1×30=30分）
1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. needn’t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called
四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (1×10=10分)
① was bought for me ② Is made in China ③ covered with
五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）
①be done改为 do② listened改为 listened to ③ remembered 改为 was remembered
④ is sounded 改为sounds ⑤By who 改为 By whom
被动语态专项练习（一）
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked afterC. were looked after D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listenedC. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised B. PraisesC. have been praised D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked B. Locks C. is locked D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted B. Plant C. are planted D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
I saw the boy run yesterday.
He told me that he would come back soon.
You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
Do you water your flowers every day?
The wind blew down the big tree last night.
I think that he is right.
He had not thrown the bad food.
Mother was not mending the trousers.
They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
参考答案
Ⅰ单项选择
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C
6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C
21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D
26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B
Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.
2. I was told that he would come back soon.
3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.
4. Are your flowers watered every day?
5. The big tree was blown down last night.
6. It is thought that he is right.
7. The bad food had not been thrown.
8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.
9. He would not be taken to Beijing.
10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.
被动语态专项练习（二）
一、单项选择
( )1.—Do you often clean your classroom?
—Yes. Our classroom ___ every day.
A. clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning
( )2.A talk on developments in science and technology___in the school hall next week.
A. given B.will be given C.has been given D.give
( )3.His new book___ next month.
A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published
( )4.—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party?
—No,I____.
A. am not invited B.wasn’t invited C.haven’t invited D.didn’t invite
( )5.—Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?
—When your homework___,you can.
A. is done B.was done C.does D.did
( )6.Twenty—year—olds should not____to drive in China.
A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed.
( )7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what___.
A.would happen B.had happened C.happened D.was happened.
( )8.The book Business@the Speed of Thought ___in 1999.
A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.
( )9.Trees and flowers__every year to make our country more beautiful.
A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.
( )10.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang___Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shang hai.
A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named.
( )11.The earth is our home.It ___well.
A.must be protected B.should protect C.need protect D.should protected.
( )12.In recent years, many children are made ___ what they are not___.
A.to do;interested in B.to do;interested　C.do;interested D.do;interested.
( )13.___a new library____in your school last year?
A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built.
( )14.An accident___on this road last week.
A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened.
( )15.Cotton ____in the southeast of China.
A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow.
( )16.So far, the moon___by man already.
A. is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited.
( )17.How many trees ___this year?
A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted.
( )18.A lot of things ___by people to save the little girl now.
A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done.
( )19.Neither of them ___ in China
A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made.
( )20.Look! A nice picture___for our teacher.
A. is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws.
( )21.Your shoes___.You need a new pair.
A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn.
( )22.The doctor___for yet.
A.isn’t sent B.hasn’t been sent C.won’t be sent D.wasn’t sent.
( )23—When ___this kind of computer___?
—Last year.
A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used
( )24.The Great Wall__about all over the world.
A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known.
( )25.I___in summer.
A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born.
( )26.He says that Mr Zhang___to the factory next week.
A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent.
( )27.Who ___this book__?
A.did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written
( )28.Mary ___show me her new dictionary.
A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to
( )29. A story __ by Granny yesterday.
A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us
( )30.The monkey was seen____out of the tree.
A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump
　　参考答案
　　1~5CBABA 6~10CBDCB 11~15AABDA 16~20CCBAB 21~25CBBCB 26~30DBBBD