人教版高中英语Book4 Unit 5Theme parks grammar主谓语一致教学课件 （共60张ppt）
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| 名称 | 人教版高中英语Book4 Unit 5Theme parks grammar主谓语一致教学课件 （共60张ppt） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-04-14 22:10:55 | ||
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课件60张PPT。GrammarWomen of achievement主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。主谓一致Subject-Verb AgreementThe boy ___ diving.They ____ diving.Both Jack and Tim ___ diving.All of them ____ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim ___ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob _____ a worker.isMike and Bob _____ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob ____
workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob ___a teacher.isNeither of them ___________
(know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them ______ workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/know主谓一致二、意义一致三、就近原则一、语法一致 一、语法一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；
主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如：
I often help him and he often helps me.
我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。
We often help each other.
我们经常互相帮助。
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
可数名词的复数形式作主语，
谓语动词用复数。二、意义一致
主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；
主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。如：
The crowd were surrounding the government official.
人群包围了这位政府官员。
Maths is hard to learn.
数学难学。三、就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。语法一致原则1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候, 谓语动词有以下两种情况：
(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候, 谓语动词用复数。
He and I ____ both students of this school. 我和他都是这个学校的学生。 are The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.
那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。
The knife and fork ____ on the table.
刀叉在桌子上。 isis(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同
一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。
A).表整体概念的并列结构：
bread and butter knife and fork
iron and steel law and order
B).配套事物：
a watch and chain a needle and thread
The knife and fork is on the desk.
刀叉放在桌子上。3. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006年 江苏卷） ??A. is?
B. are?
C. was?
D. were2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候, 谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seem very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps are his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。True / Falseseemsis3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who_______ (enjoy) singing may join us.
Tom, who ______(be)your friend, should help you.enjoyis4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用, 谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered10. E-mail, as well as telephone, _________ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. playA邻近一致是指谓语动词的人称和数与它
最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中, 谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Not only the students but also the teacher ________(wish)for a holiday. Neither you nor I ______(be)wrong.
There _____a cup of tea and some apples on the table.
There ______ some apples and a cup of tea on the table.amisarewishes所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。概念一致原则1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语, 谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____ rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All of the apple ____ rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
are is谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但当它指代不可数名词时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。None of the money _____ left.
没有剩下一点钱。
None of the students _____ there.
没有学生在那里。 is is/are主语
Neither
Neither of
None of 谓语单数、复数可数名词不可数名词单数、复数单数单数2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候, 谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Half of the students _____ finished their
composition.
一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。
Half of the apple ____ bad.
一半的苹果坏了。
About 60 percent of the students in our
school ____ boys.
我们学校, 大约百分之六十的学生是男
生。haveisare3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family ____ going out.
他们全家要外出。
His family ____ all music lovers.
他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。is are 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等, 形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone, somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。
Someone is asking for you.
有人找你。
Nothing is found in the room.
在屋子里什么也没找到。6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
这双鞋破了。
The shoes are worn out.
鞋子破了。某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics等, 国名如the United States; 报纸名如the New Times; 书名如Great Expectations(《远大前程》)；以及the United Nations作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。 No news is good news.
Great Expectations was written by
Charles Dickens in 1860.8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短 语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语 在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。9. 以a number of作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books_____(be) on the desk.
The number of students in you class _______(be)50.areis10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
Not every means is useful.
不是每种方法都好使。
Not all means are useful.
不是所有的方法都好使。 11. many a, more than one, 与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it.
许多孩子都看到了。
12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.13. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。
复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用复数。
如：
Each of us has something to say.
We each have something to say.
我们每个人都有些话要说。14. 由here, there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如：
Here comes the bus.
Here is a pen and two books for you.There ___a pen, two pencils and several
books on the desk.
=There _____two pencils, a pen and several books on the desk.
=There_____ several books, a pen and two pencils on the desk. is are arethis kind of books = books of this kind
this kind of men = men of this kind
this kind of men/books 的谓语用单数,
men /books of this kind 的谓语用复数, 应该注意的几个问题: This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
2. 在主谓倒装的句子中, 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.all kinds of 后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数形式。3. “分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致, 这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词, 而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如:Lots of damage ______caused by fire.
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface _____covered with water.
Three-fifths of the workers here ______women.
和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是,“the number of + 名词”的中心词却是number。试比较：wasisareA number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.
The number of pages in this book is two hundred.注意:
a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity of people is needed here.quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词一般用复数。例如:
Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.4. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如:A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.5. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One and a half bananas is left on the table.6. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时, 谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; The blind study in special school.
The departed (死者) was a well-known engineer. Multiple choice:
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said.
A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. have kept
3. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with
twelve people in all.
A. is B. are
C. being D. was
5. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
6. All but one _____ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were7. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
1. The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.
（2005年 山东卷）
A. change
B. has changed
C. changing
D. have changed高考链接2. Nowadays, a large number of
women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in the clothing industry.（2005年 辽宁卷）
A．is working
B．works
C．work
D．worked4. A survey of the opinions of experts ______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ good for
one’s health. (2007年 江西卷)
A. show; are
B. shows; is
C. show; is
D. shows; are1. One third of the country _____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _____ black people. (湖南 2011)
A. is; are B. is; is
C. are; are D. are; is 高考链接2. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes. (安徽 2011)
A. is B. are
C. was D. were3. Such poets as Shakespeare _____ widely read, of whose works, however, some _____ difficult to understand. (四川2010)
A. are; are B. is; is
C. are; is D. is; are4. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. (湖南2010)
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5． —Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there _____ the rest
of our guests! (江苏 2010)
A. come B. comes
C. is coming D. are coming6. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _____ evening dress. (2010大纲全国卷II)
A. wear B. wears
C. has worn D. have wornHomeworkFinish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.
workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob ___a teacher.isNeither of them ___________
(know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them ______ workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/know主谓一致二、意义一致三、就近原则一、语法一致 一、语法一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；
主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如：
I often help him and he often helps me.
我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。
We often help each other.
我们经常互相帮助。
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
可数名词的复数形式作主语，
谓语动词用复数。二、意义一致
主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；
主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。如：
The crowd were surrounding the government official.
人群包围了这位政府官员。
Maths is hard to learn.
数学难学。三、就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。语法一致原则1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候, 谓语动词有以下两种情况：
(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候, 谓语动词用复数。
He and I ____ both students of this school. 我和他都是这个学校的学生。 are The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.
那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。
The knife and fork ____ on the table.
刀叉在桌子上。 isis(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同
一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。
A).表整体概念的并列结构：
bread and butter knife and fork
iron and steel law and order
B).配套事物：
a watch and chain a needle and thread
The knife and fork is on the desk.
刀叉放在桌子上。3. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006年 江苏卷） ??A. is?
B. are?
C. was?
D. were2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候, 谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seem very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps are his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。True / Falseseemsis3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who_______ (enjoy) singing may join us.
Tom, who ______(be)your friend, should help you.enjoyis4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用, 谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。 A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered10. E-mail, as well as telephone, _________ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. playA邻近一致是指谓语动词的人称和数与它
最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中, 谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Not only the students but also the teacher ________(wish)for a holiday. Neither you nor I ______(be)wrong.
There _____a cup of tea and some apples on the table.
There ______ some apples and a cup of tea on the table.amisarewishes所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。概念一致原则1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语, 谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____ rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All of the apple ____ rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
are is谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但当它指代不可数名词时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。None of the money _____ left.
没有剩下一点钱。
None of the students _____ there.
没有学生在那里。 is is/are主语
Neither
Neither of
None of 谓语单数、复数可数名词不可数名词单数、复数单数单数2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候, 谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Half of the students _____ finished their
composition.
一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。
Half of the apple ____ bad.
一半的苹果坏了。
About 60 percent of the students in our
school ____ boys.
我们学校, 大约百分之六十的学生是男
生。haveisare3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family ____ going out.
他们全家要外出。
His family ____ all music lovers.
他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。is are 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等, 形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone, somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。
Someone is asking for you.
有人找你。
Nothing is found in the room.
在屋子里什么也没找到。6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
这双鞋破了。
The shoes are worn out.
鞋子破了。某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics等, 国名如the United States; 报纸名如the New Times; 书名如Great Expectations(《远大前程》)；以及the United Nations作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。 No news is good news.
Great Expectations was written by
Charles Dickens in 1860.8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短 语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语 在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。9. 以a number of作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books_____(be) on the desk.
The number of students in you class _______(be)50.areis10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
Not every means is useful.
不是每种方法都好使。
Not all means are useful.
不是所有的方法都好使。 11. many a, more than one, 与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it.
许多孩子都看到了。
12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.13. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。
复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用复数。
如：
Each of us has something to say.
We each have something to say.
我们每个人都有些话要说。14. 由here, there等引导的倒装句中，若主语不止一个时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如：
Here comes the bus.
Here is a pen and two books for you.There ___a pen, two pencils and several
books on the desk.
=There _____two pencils, a pen and several books on the desk.
=There_____ several books, a pen and two pencils on the desk. is are arethis kind of books = books of this kind
this kind of men = men of this kind
this kind of men/books 的谓语用单数,
men /books of this kind 的谓语用复数, 应该注意的几个问题: This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
2. 在主谓倒装的句子中, 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.all kinds of 后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数形式。3. “分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致, 这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词, 而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如:Lots of damage ______caused by fire.
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface _____covered with water.
Three-fifths of the workers here ______women.
和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是,“the number of + 名词”的中心词却是number。试比较：wasisareA number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.
The number of pages in this book is two hundred.注意:
a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity of people is needed here.quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词一般用复数。例如:
Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.4. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如:A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.5. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One and a half bananas is left on the table.6. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时, 谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; The blind study in special school.
The departed (死者) was a well-known engineer. Multiple choice:
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said.
A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. have kept
3. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with
twelve people in all.
A. is B. are
C. being D. was
5. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
6. All but one _____ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were7. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
1. The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.
（2005年 山东卷）
A. change
B. has changed
C. changing
D. have changed高考链接2. Nowadays, a large number of
women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in the clothing industry.（2005年 辽宁卷）
A．is working
B．works
C．work
D．worked4. A survey of the opinions of experts ______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ good for
one’s health. (2007年 江西卷)
A. show; are
B. shows; is
C. show; is
D. shows; are1. One third of the country _____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _____ black people. (湖南 2011)
A. is; are B. is; is
C. are; are D. are; is 高考链接2. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes. (安徽 2011)
A. is B. are
C. was D. were3. Such poets as Shakespeare _____ widely read, of whose works, however, some _____ difficult to understand. (四川2010)
A. are; are B. is; is
C. are; is D. is; are4. Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. (湖南2010)
A. is B. are C. has D. have
5． —Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there _____ the rest
of our guests! (江苏 2010)
A. come B. comes
C. is coming D. are coming6. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _____ evening dress. (2010大纲全国卷II)
A. wear B. wears
C. has worn D. have wornHomeworkFinish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.
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