2019年山西省中考英语二轮复习课件：非谓语动词和被动语态 课件34张PPT

第十四课时 语法专题
非谓语
动词
谓语动词
动词
时态
被动语态
to do
doing
done
无被动语态
使役,感官动词被动语态还原to

各种时态的被动语态
主 谓 宾
主 系 表
定 状 补

什么是语态?

被动语态的结构是什么?

我们学过几种语态? 分别是什么?




。
语态是用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系的。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态
Many people speak English. 主语是动作的执行者。主动语态
English is spoken by many people. 主语是动作的承受者。被动语态
be+动词的过去分词
注意：be 动词要随人称，时态，数的变化而变化
各种时态的被动语态结构
时 态 被动语态
1 一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词
2 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词
3 一般将来时 will+be+过去分词
4 现在完成时　 have/has+been+过去分词
5 含情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词
should/can/ must+be+过去分词
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ?
Unit 6 When was it invented?
Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.


课本相关知识
考情回顾
2016年和2018年考查了一般过去时的被动语态
2017年考查了一般将来时的被动语态
动词的语态常在词语应用中考查


一般现在时的被动语态
( )1.Our classroom is very clean and tidy because it______every day.
A. is cleaned B. cleans C. was cleaned
(2018 贺州)







思路点拨:
1. 确定主谓关系
2. 确定时态 借助标志性词 often, usually, every day
3. 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are done
A
实战演练
( ) 2. ---High-speed trains, Mobile payment, Sharing bikes and Online
shopping ______ “four new great inventions ” of modern China.
--- They made our daily lives more convenient.

A. are called B. is called C. called
A
实战演练
( )3.---- Let's go to play soccer, Peter.
---- I'm afraid not. I' ll need one more hour before my homework _____.
A. has finished B. will be finished C. is finished
（2018 峨嵋）
思路点拨:
1.确定主谓关系
2.确定时态 注意时间和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时 when,as soon as,before,after,if,unless等.
3.一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are done
C
实战演练
( )4. As far as we know, the 2022 Winter Olympics _________in China.
A. hold B. are held C. will be held
（2018 辽阳）
( )5. If you are caught smoking in the kitchen, you _______by your boss.
A. will fire B. are fired C. will be fired
（2018 恩施）


思路点拨:
1.确定主谓关系
2.确定时态
3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be done
C
C
实战演练
.

6---- Who ________(save) her father?
----- He _________ (save) by that policeman.











实战演练
saved
was saved
思路点拨:
1.确定主谓关系 by是被动语态的标志
2.确定时态
3.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done

7. Many Chinese words, such as Tuhao and Dama, ________________（add）

to some English dictionaries during the past a few years.










实战演练
思路点拨:
1.确定主谓关系
2.确定时态 during the past a few years
3.现在完成时的被动语态： have/has been done
have been added
( ) 8. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.
A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place
( ) 9. Can you tell me _______?
A. when did it happen B. when it was happened
C. when it happened
实战演练
思路点拨:
发生 happen, take place 没有被动语态。

C
C
不及物动词 happen, take place, belong 没有被动语态。
①Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
②That bike belongs to Mike. 那辆自行车属于 Mike。
系动词: look, taste, smell, sound, feel没有被动语态。
① The soup smells good. 这汤闻起来很香。
②The scarf feels soft. 这条围巾摸上去很柔软。

某些可和well, easily等副词连用的动词, 如sell, wash, write等常用主动形式表被动含义。
①This pen writes well. 这支钢笔书写流畅。
②The storybook sells well. 这本故事书卖得很好。
主动语态 被动语态
使役动词 make sb do sth sb be made to do sth
have sb do sth sb be had to do sth

感官动词 see sb do sth sb be seen to do sth
hear sb do sth sb be heard to do sth
notice sb do sth sb be noticed to do sth
( )1. The boy was seen _____ computer games in the net bar.
A. play ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. played C. to play

? (2017?甘肃天水)

实战演练
C
（2016年山西中考题）I realized that it was a small mistake which 74.__________( make ) by my mother, but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry.

（2018年山西中考题）Later she 74. __________ about the reason. And she said, “The reason why I gave up is that I could not see the place which I was going to reach 75.__________ .” It was a great pity that one mile broke her dream.

山西中考题
was made
was asked
completely
课本相关知识
to do
doing
done
考情回顾

2018年考查了特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语
2016年和2017年考查了动词不定式在allow,let
后作宾语补足语
非谓语常在词语应用中考查
动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作宾语补足语
But they never told us where 77._______ courage and persistence.
（2018年山西中考题）
You should allow the good feelings 77.________ others, not the bad ones,
because you are responsible for both.
（2017年山西中考题）
On that day, I decided not to let anger 79. __________ me any longer.
（2016年山西中考题）
to find
control
to influence
本质：英语的一个句子中有且只有一个谓语。
1. 我有许多作业要做。
I have lots of homework _____ _____.
2. 昨天，他们坐着围成一个圆圈，唱歌。
Yesterday, they sat in a circle _________ songs.



3.他们看见一个蛋糕做成的房子。
They saw a house ________ of cakes.
to
do
singing
made
to do 被动 将来
doing 主动 正在
done 被动 完成
主 谓 宾
主 系 表
定 状 补
to do
doing
done


to become
Recycling
为避免“头重脚轻”常用it作形式主语，to do是真正的主语
It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth.
句中
成分 非谓语 例 句
作主语 to do 1. It is difficult ___________( become) a professional sports star.


doing ___________(recycle) is a good way to protect the environment.
活学现用
( )1.(2018·河池)---Could I go swimming with my friend, Dad?
---No, it’s very dangerous for you kids ______ swimming
without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go
( ) 2. I don't think _______ care of the kids is an easy job.
A. take B. taking C. to take　
C
B
want, hope, wish, expect, try, manage, need, agree, fail, refuse, learn, plan,
decide, volunteer, choose, hurry, can't wait...
to congratulate
to wear
achieving
avoid, finish, consider, allow, imagine, keep, mind, practice, suggest,
enjoy, have fun, give up, put off, can't help, feel like, be used to do,
look forward to, pay attention to, be busy, be worth, go on, end up,
be worried about, be serious about, be interested in, succeed in...




to learn
句中成分 非谓语 例句
作宾语
to do 1.I'd like _____________(congratulate) all the students who are here today.


2.He doesn't know what _______.(wear)
3.I find it impossible _______( learn) English well in a short time.
doing 4. No matter what happened, I won't give up ________ (achieve) my dream.



( )1.(2017·百色)When we heard the good news, we couldn’t help______ .
We’re so excited.
A. jump B. to jump C. jumping
( ) 2. In the big cities, many children enjoy ______ Ofo bicycles(小黄车)．
It’s very dangerous.
A. ride B. riding C. to ride
( ) 3.(2017·贵港)---Why did his father buy that phone watch for him?
---Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid _____ the way.
A. to lose B. lose C. losing


活学现用
C
B
C

( ) 4. It was dark outside. Sue decided ______ to the bank alone.
A. not going B. going not C. not to go
( ) 5. (2018 孝感)Attention, please! Without permission, children are not allowed _______alone here.
A. swim B. swimming C. to swim
( ) 6. Would you please tell me________ after I finished doing my homework?　　　　　
A. how to do B. what to do C. what should I do



活学现用
C
C
B
有些动词如:love, like, hate, dislike, begin, start 既可以接不定式,又可以接动名词作宾语而且两者的意义差别不大, 但是remember等词后差别比较明显。
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 regret to do sth. 很遗憾要做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做的事 regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事


try to do sth. 努力去做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事
try doing sth. 尝试着去做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事


to do 一般是没有做的事情 doing 一般是做过的事情
( ) ----Where is my passport? I remember ________it here.
---- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember ______it
with you all the time.

A. to put, to take B. putting, to take

C. putting, taking
B


to do
waiting
pierced
tell,would like,want, allow, ask, invite, help,teach,
remind, warn, advise,expect,wish,...
see/hear/notice/make sb doing sth.
get hair cut get the wall painted get the bike repaired
get/have sth. done
句中成分 非谓语 例 句

作宾语
补足语

用于补充说明宾语的动作和状态

to do 1. Parents should encourage teenagers _________(do) social work for their community.

doing 2. It is impolite to keep others ___________(wait).


done 3. Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to get their ears __________(pierce)


to do 是将来的 doing 是现在的
to learn
to be
looking
句中
成分 非谓语 例 句
作表语 to do 1. The key is ___________(learn)from your mistakes and never give up.
2. My dream is________ (be) an engineer.

doing 3. Her job is ________( look) after the children.


to relax
a good place to do sth.
have the ability to do sth
have/ get a chance to do sth.
the first/second/the last people to do sth.


swimming
burning buildings eating habits running stars a winning team
teaching /learning methods living environment shopping center
called
fallen leaves broken windows a developed country

句中成分 非谓语 例 句

作定语 to do 1. Laughing for two hours is a good way __________(relax).

doing 2. There is a _____________(swim) pool in her home.

done 3. I met a Japanese boy _________(call) Sato.



to examine
To cut
to carry
to carry
句中
成分 非谓语 例 句
作状语

表目的、结果和
原因



to do

1. A doctor was called in ____________( examine) the king.
2. ________( cut )down air pollution, we should take the bus instead of driving.
3. He is too weak__________ ( carry )the stone.
4. He is not strong enough _________(carry) the stone.