江苏省镇江市中考英语完形填空解题方法与技巧课件（30张PPT）

课件30张PPT。 镇江市中考英语完形填空解题方法与技巧Free talkWhat do you think of cloze(完形填空） ?
Is it easy or hard for you?①文化习俗
②科普知识
③著名人物
④幽默故事
⑤日常生活
⑥人生百味题材文体①记叙
②议论
③说明 一、完形填空题型分析（一）完形填空的题材、文体分类（二） 中考完形填空题的特点突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境。2. 辨析词义，以实词为主。3. 题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。（三） 完形填空题考什么？1、词法及词义辨析 2、固定短语搭配 3、上下文逻辑关系 4、文化背景及生活常识
四人一组讨论A篇英语完形填空的题材、文体和文章大意，并说出每小题的答案及解题的思路。groupworkTask 1 King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people.?He often asked??? 1???which were strange. His people had to use words in a?? ?2 ???way to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people.??? 3 ????he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal ??? 4 ?the habit of the king. He understood the?? ?5 ????at once and asked, "May I know the question so that I can? 6 ??for an answer?"
Akbar said, "How many crows (乌鸦)are there in this city?"
7????even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so???? 8 ???” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men??? ?9 ??, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(亲戚) here. If you find????10 ??crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wise answer.A本题材为一篇幽默故事。文体属于记叙文。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的选择。 完形填空A考点解析1．A【解析】考查名词意义辨析。宾语questions提示和动词ask构成动宾关系，表示“问问题”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar经常会问奇怪的问题。
2. C【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。前文had to “不得不”，提示下文用形容词clever表示“明智的；聪明的”。
3.D【解析】考查连词意义辨析。下文“他的臣民们低下头寻找答案”可知前文是时间状语从句，用as引导时间状语从句表示“当……时候”。
4.A【解析】考查动词意义辨析。根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”国王猜谜的习惯。用动词knew表示“知道；了解”。
5.D【解析】考查名词意义辨析。承接上文“他了解国王的习惯”，说明他明白当时的“形势”，用situation表示“情况；形势”。
6.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。动词try?和for连用，try for?表示“谋求；尝试”，和answer构成动宾关系，表示“寻找一个答案”。
7.B【解析】考查介词意义辨析。下文他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和even“甚至”的提示意义说明上文是“甚至没有经过片刻的思索”，用介词without表示“无；没有”，表示否定意义。
8.D【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理推测，国王是询问“你如何能这么确信？”be sure表示“确信的；有把握的”。
9.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下”，用动词count表示“数”，和上面的数字对应。
10.A【解析】考查形容词比较级意义辨析。综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；
如果少了，是去走亲戚了”可以推断空格处用fewer，表示“少”这一意义，和上句的more对应。A篇所考查的要点：名词： 第1、5题 （共2题）
动词： 第4、6、9题 （共3题）
形容词：第2、8、10题 （共3题）
介词： 第7题 （共1题）
连词： 第3题 （共1题）上下文理解： 第1、2、7、8、10题 （共5题）
词汇意义运用：第2、5题 （共2题）
固定搭配： 第6题 （共1题）
逻辑推理： 第4、9题 （共2题）
语法知识： 0二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧 尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容和语言习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配。 原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即clues, 有的在本句中，有的在前，称为前提示，有的在后，称为后暗示,有的暗含于语篇中。 要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…) 要注意尾句的提示和总结作用故事的结局
问题的结论
幽默或富有哲理的结尾 留意文章中有中文注释的词
有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be
more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.B可以推测：
这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．
第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”
中文注释： an expert (专家)
尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：
（1）XiaoQiang 是个12岁中国男孩。 （2）他有许多活动。
（3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题 。（4）孩子们需要时间休息。 Step 2 通读全文, 把握脉络 Xiao Qiang，… 通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。
本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的after school activities 的问题，专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索 本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my
2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行结构1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken
2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework
3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my
2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前提示后暗示1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken
2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework
3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving
相同或相似结构 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we
are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried,
I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to
do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the
children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f
them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their
parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to
football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn
how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn
when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.因果关系表达心情的形容词应与表达心情的形容词匹配后暗示4. A. but B. or C. because D. so
5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous
6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.后暗示平行结构 7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily
8. A. on B. by C. in D. across
9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better
10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell固定搭配结合句义推测固定搭配、语境Step 4 再读文章，核查答案 将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：
结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。 保留解题痕迹的卷面： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.后暗示平行结构固定搭配结合句义推测固定搭配、语境前提示后暗示平行结构B篇所考查的要点：名词： 第2、3、6题 （共3题）
动词： 第1、10题 （共2题）
形容词/副词：第5、7、9题 （共3题）
介词： 第8题 （共1题）
连词： 第4题 （共1题）上下文理解： 第1、2、3、5、6、7题 （共6题）
词汇意义运用：第9、10题 （共2题）
固定搭配： 第8题 （共1题）
逻辑推理： 第4题 （共1题）
语法知识： 0具体解题步骤1、抓住首尾，了解短文2、通读全文，把握脉络3、瞻前顾后，上下求索4、再读文章，核查答案勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。
跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
少于1分钟
约5分钟
约2分钟
约2分钟
Summary 完形填空解题技巧口诀要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。
语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。
重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。
依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。
做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。
按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。
Task 2

按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组完成2014年镇江市中考完形填空题，保留解题的痕迹。
首、尾句及文章中心句：
关键词，提示词：

完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号： Have a try!C篇所考查的要点：名词： 第4、8题 （共2题）
动词： 第1、3、5、9题 （共4题）
形容词/副词：第2、6、7题 （共3题）
介词： 0
连词： 第10题 （共1题）上下文理解： 第1、3、6、7、8、9题 （共6题）
词汇意义运用：第2、10题 （共2题）
固定搭配： 第4题 （共1题）
逻辑推理： 第5题 （共1题）
语法知识： 0信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通文中无闲句，句中无闲字 特别提示：三、解题误区1、单纯求快忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。
正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。
2、时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。完成《中考指南》完形填空专练 A~CHOMEWORK