2019届二轮复习语法专题定语从句课件（49张）
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| 名称 | 2019届二轮复习语法专题定语从句课件（49张） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 529.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-04-18 10:46:37 | ||
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课件49张PPT。2019届二轮复习语法专题 定语从句什么是定语从句？修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019修饰girl修饰classroom 讨论：从句特征是什么？定语从句的特征有引导词。
放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。8/4/2019Mary is a girl who has long hair. 8/4/2019先行词关系词 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词；关系词又分为
关系代词和关系副词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或是代词叫先行词。相关概念This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019先行词关系副词Mr.?Liu?is?the?person?whom?you?talked?about?
on?the?bus.先行词关系代词练习(分组讨论：2min）括出以下句子中的定语从句，划出先行词和关系词。
1. She is a new student who doesn't speak English well.
2. The Tiananmen Square, which I visited last week, is the largest square in Beijing.
3. This is the composition that I think is perfect.
4. The new student is from Tibet, which I really want to have a visit to.
5. Her parents wouldn't let her marry this man who is not honest.
6. I will remember the days when I stayed with my parents in Sanya.
8/4/2019Mary is a girl who has long hair. 8/4/2019关系代词关系词的作用：
引导定语从句；
代替先行词；
在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系词的作用关系词的作用This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019关系副词关系词的作用：
引导定语从句；
代替先行词 the classroom；
在定语从句中担当一个成分。如何把简单句改写成定语从句？
The boys are from Class One.
They are playing football.
写法：
找出两句简单句的共有成分；
将主要信息句保留，另一句中共有成分去掉；
用关系词引导剩下从句并紧跟在被修饰词之后。
The boys who are from Class One are playing football.
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
8/4/2019小组讨论：如何理解关系词代替先行词？
关系词做何成分？关系代词The boys who are from Class One are playing football.
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
The girl who you talked with just now is my best friend.8/4/2019 who = the boy 指代人；
关系代词who在定语从句中做主语。 who = the girl 指代人；
关系代词who在定语从句中宾语。小组讨论（3min）分析以下关系词指代人或物，在定语从句中作何成分。
Mr.?Liu?is?the?person?whom?you?talked?about?on?the?bus.
Li?Ming?is?just?the?boy?whom?I?want?to?see.??
Football?is?a?game?which?is?liked?by?most?boys.?
This?is?the?pen?which?he?bought?yesterday.???
The?person?that?you?introduced?to?me?is?very?kind.???
The?season?that?comes?after?spring?is?summer.???
Yesterday?I?received?a?letter?that?came?from?Australia.??8/4/20198/4/2019小组竞赛 I?visited?a?scientist?whose?name?is?known?all?over?the?country.?
He?has?a?friend?whose?father?is?a?doctor.??
The?classroom?whose?door?is?broken?will?soon?be?repaired. Do?you?like?the?book?whose?cover?is?yellow? 8/4/2019 whose = a scientist’s 指代人；
关系代词whose在定语从句表示“谁的”做定语。 whose = the classroom’s 指代物；
关系代词whose在定语从句表示“谁的”做定语。指物时 whose + 名词= the 名词 of which练习Those want to visit the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
Yesterday, I helped an old man had lost his way.
Mr. Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.
The factory makes computers is far away from here.
The girl student card has been lost feels very anxious.8/4/2019whowhowho/ whomwhich/ thatwhose介词+关系代词8/4/2019关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
介词+关系代词8/4/2019若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.
This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.介词+关系代词8/4/2019“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few
等代词或者数词。
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语关系副词 I won’t forget the time when I got married.
Have you still remembered the days when we stayed together?
当先行词为时间，如：time, day, night时，关系副词用 when, 在句中做时间状语。whenwhereThis is the village where I stayed last year.
I recently went back to the town where I was born.
I would like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.
where指地点，在从句中做地点状语，先行词多为place，city，country，town等。where 先行词也可为抽象的地点名词：如：point, job, letter, situation等。 He wants to find this kind of job where he can make full use of his ability.whyPlease tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.
why指原因，先行词只能是reason,在句中做原因状语。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the
league.on whichThis is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichDo you know the reason why she was late.for which1. I’ll never forget the days _____________ we worked together.
2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we
spent together.
3. I went to the place ______________ I worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place _______ I visited ten years ago.
when /in whichwhichwhere/ in which几种易混的情况which5. This is the reason _____________ he was late.
6. This is the reason __________ he gave. why/ for whichthat/which She has two brothers who are working in
the city.
她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。
(She has more than two brothers.)
b) She has two brothers, who are working in
the city.
她有两个弟弟, 他们在这个城市工作。
(She has only two brothers.)
品味一“翻”非限制性定语从句构成：+,+先行词She has two brothers, (who are working in the city).+其他部分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少
的定语, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或
失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，
写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语
的关系代词常可省略。如:
Toronto is a city (that) I' ve always wanted
to visit. 多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,
只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句
的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用
逗号分开, 不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中,
关系词不可省略。如：
Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very
long history.
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。
b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from
the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授, 他从伦敦大学来的。非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系√√主语 主语 宾语定语√√√宾语指代整个主句关系副词(where, when)的指代关系√√时间状语地点状语that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tip介词+which
3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词
往往为某一个词或短语, 而有时非限制性
定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非
限制性定语从句常由which引导。
eg. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,
which surprises all the people present.
一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语, 令所有在场
的人感到非常惊讶。
关系代词 as 的用法 一、as引导限制性定语从句
主句中the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。有“如，似，正像”的含义
主要结构有：
the same…as; such…as; Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. (指人，作主语）
We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.
（指物，作宾语）
This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.
A. as B. that
C.the one D. A&B D比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
... the same pen that I lost.很像，不一定就是就是我不见的那支笔 ☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物二、引导非限制性定语从句
⑴ as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，
从句可置于句首，句中或句尾
As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with
a long history .
The earth , as we know , moves round the sun .
Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we
all know.⑵ 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，
常用as做主语
be said /known/announced
/reported/mentioned
/expected/discussed
Grammar , as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules.
As is known to all , Taiwan is part of China .注意：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.?定语从句其他要点1). This is the best film that I have ever read.
2).This is the first time that I have been in such a big dancing hall.
3).He is the only man that I want to see.
1、独一无二先行词被the only, the very修饰时先行词被形容词最高级修饰时先行词被序数词修饰时一、只用that的情况2、不定代词先行词为all, everything, nobody, little, much等不定代词时先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时只用that的情况4). All the books that you offered has been given out.
5). He told me everything that he knows.
6). ?There is little that I can do for you.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时3、避免重复只用that的情况7). We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
8). Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 9). We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
4、人物兼指先行词即有人又有物时1. Can you remember the scientist and his theory ______ we have learned?2. This is the very dictionary ______ I want to buy.5. The first place ______ they visited in London was the Big Ben.4. Which is the T-shirt ______ fits me most?3. There seems to be nothing ______ seems impossible for him in the world.Exercises:在所给空格处填写适当的关系词：二、只用which的情况(1)在非限制性定语从句中。
(2)在关系词前有介词时。备注：介词后也只能用whom不用who1. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，______my classmates recommended to me.
A. which B. that
2. Luckily, we’d bought a road map, without_________ we would have lost our way.
?A.?that?????????? ?????????????????? ?B.?which
以the?way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in?which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。例：
The?way?(that?/?in?which?)?he?answered?the?questions?was?surprising.??????I?don’t?like?the?way?(that?/?in?which)?you?laugh?at?her.??三、the way作为先行词总结定语从句做题技巧：
确定从句并用括号括出；
看先行词是人是物；
确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分（主/宾/定/状）
确定关系词。
8/4/201912345678Final winner !1：运气先攒着
2：+2分
3：+5分
4：+1分5：+9分
6：要加油哦！
7： +2分
8：祝你好运！谢谢
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019修饰girl修饰classroom 讨论：从句特征是什么？定语从句的特征有引导词。
放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。8/4/2019Mary is a girl who has long hair. 8/4/2019先行词关系词 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词；关系词又分为
关系代词和关系副词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或是代词叫先行词。相关概念This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019先行词关系副词Mr.?Liu?is?the?person?whom?you?talked?about?
on?the?bus.先行词关系代词练习(分组讨论：2min）括出以下句子中的定语从句，划出先行词和关系词。
1. She is a new student who doesn't speak English well.
2. The Tiananmen Square, which I visited last week, is the largest square in Beijing.
3. This is the composition that I think is perfect.
4. The new student is from Tibet, which I really want to have a visit to.
5. Her parents wouldn't let her marry this man who is not honest.
6. I will remember the days when I stayed with my parents in Sanya.
8/4/2019Mary is a girl who has long hair. 8/4/2019关系代词关系词的作用：
引导定语从句；
代替先行词；
在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系词的作用关系词的作用This is the classroom where we study.
8/4/2019关系副词关系词的作用：
引导定语从句；
代替先行词 the classroom；
在定语从句中担当一个成分。如何把简单句改写成定语从句？
The boys are from Class One.
They are playing football.
写法：
找出两句简单句的共有成分；
将主要信息句保留，另一句中共有成分去掉；
用关系词引导剩下从句并紧跟在被修饰词之后。
The boys who are from Class One are playing football.
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
8/4/2019小组讨论：如何理解关系词代替先行词？
关系词做何成分？关系代词The boys who are from Class One are playing football.
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
The girl who you talked with just now is my best friend.8/4/2019 who = the boy 指代人；
关系代词who在定语从句中做主语。 who = the girl 指代人；
关系代词who在定语从句中宾语。小组讨论（3min）分析以下关系词指代人或物，在定语从句中作何成分。
Mr.?Liu?is?the?person?whom?you?talked?about?on?the?bus.
Li?Ming?is?just?the?boy?whom?I?want?to?see.??
Football?is?a?game?which?is?liked?by?most?boys.?
This?is?the?pen?which?he?bought?yesterday.???
The?person?that?you?introduced?to?me?is?very?kind.???
The?season?that?comes?after?spring?is?summer.???
Yesterday?I?received?a?letter?that?came?from?Australia.??8/4/20198/4/2019小组竞赛 I?visited?a?scientist?whose?name?is?known?all?over?the?country.?
He?has?a?friend?whose?father?is?a?doctor.??
The?classroom?whose?door?is?broken?will?soon?be?repaired. Do?you?like?the?book?whose?cover?is?yellow? 8/4/2019 whose = a scientist’s 指代人；
关系代词whose在定语从句表示“谁的”做定语。 whose = the classroom’s 指代物；
关系代词whose在定语从句表示“谁的”做定语。指物时 whose + 名词= the 名词 of which练习Those want to visit the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
Yesterday, I helped an old man had lost his way.
Mr. Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.
The factory makes computers is far away from here.
The girl student card has been lost feels very anxious.8/4/2019whowhowho/ whomwhich/ thatwhose介词+关系代词8/4/2019关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.
The school in which he once studied is very famous.Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.
Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
介词+关系代词8/4/2019若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.
This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.介词+关系代词8/4/2019“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few
等代词或者数词。
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语关系副词 I won’t forget the time when I got married.
Have you still remembered the days when we stayed together?
当先行词为时间，如：time, day, night时，关系副词用 when, 在句中做时间状语。whenwhereThis is the village where I stayed last year.
I recently went back to the town where I was born.
I would like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.
where指地点，在从句中做地点状语，先行词多为place，city，country，town等。where 先行词也可为抽象的地点名词：如：point, job, letter, situation等。 He wants to find this kind of job where he can make full use of his ability.whyPlease tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.
why指原因，先行词只能是reason,在句中做原因状语。
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the
league.on whichThis is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichDo you know the reason why she was late.for which1. I’ll never forget the days _____________ we worked together.
2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we
spent together.
3. I went to the place ______________ I worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place _______ I visited ten years ago.
when /in whichwhichwhere/ in which几种易混的情况which5. This is the reason _____________ he was late.
6. This is the reason __________ he gave. why/ for whichthat/which She has two brothers who are working in
the city.
她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。
(She has more than two brothers.)
b) She has two brothers, who are working in
the city.
她有两个弟弟, 他们在这个城市工作。
(She has only two brothers.)
品味一“翻”非限制性定语从句构成：+,+先行词She has two brothers, (who are working in the city).+其他部分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少
的定语, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或
失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，
写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语
的关系代词常可省略。如:
Toronto is a city (that) I' ve always wanted
to visit. 多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,
只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句
的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用
逗号分开, 不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中,
关系词不可省略。如：
Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very
long history.
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。
b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from
the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授, 他从伦敦大学来的。非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系√√主语 主语 宾语定语√√√宾语指代整个主句关系副词(where, when)的指代关系√√时间状语地点状语that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。tip介词+which
3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词
往往为某一个词或短语, 而有时非限制性
定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非
限制性定语从句常由which引导。
eg. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,
which surprises all the people present.
一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语, 令所有在场
的人感到非常惊讶。
关系代词 as 的用法 一、as引导限制性定语从句
主句中the same, as, such, so修饰先行词，as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。有“如，似，正像”的含义
主要结构有：
the same…as; such…as; Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face. (指人，作主语）
We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.
（指物，作宾语）
This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.
A. as B. that
C.the one D. A&B D比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
... the same pen that I lost.很像，不一定就是就是我不见的那支笔 ☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物二、引导非限制性定语从句
⑴ as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，
从句可置于句首，句中或句尾
As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with
a long history .
The earth , as we know , moves round the sun .
Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we
all know.⑵ 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，
常用as做主语
be said /known/announced
/reported/mentioned
/expected/discussed
Grammar , as has been said before, is not a set of dead rules.
As is known to all , Taiwan is part of China .注意：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.?定语从句其他要点1). This is the best film that I have ever read.
2).This is the first time that I have been in such a big dancing hall.
3).He is the only man that I want to see.
1、独一无二先行词被the only, the very修饰时先行词被形容词最高级修饰时先行词被序数词修饰时一、只用that的情况2、不定代词先行词为all, everything, nobody, little, much等不定代词时先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时只用that的情况4). All the books that you offered has been given out.
5). He told me everything that he knows.
6). ?There is little that I can do for you.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时3、避免重复只用that的情况7). We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
8). Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 9). We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
4、人物兼指先行词即有人又有物时1. Can you remember the scientist and his theory ______ we have learned?2. This is the very dictionary ______ I want to buy.5. The first place ______ they visited in London was the Big Ben.4. Which is the T-shirt ______ fits me most?3. There seems to be nothing ______ seems impossible for him in the world.Exercises:在所给空格处填写适当的关系词：二、只用which的情况(1)在非限制性定语从句中。
(2)在关系词前有介词时。备注：介词后也只能用whom不用who1. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，______my classmates recommended to me.
A. which B. that
2. Luckily, we’d bought a road map, without_________ we would have lost our way.
?A.?that?????????? ?????????????????? ?B.?which
以the?way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in?which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。例：
The?way?(that?/?in?which?)?he?answered?the?questions?was?surprising.??????I?don’t?like?the?way?(that?/?in?which)?you?laugh?at?her.??三、the way作为先行词总结定语从句做题技巧：
确定从句并用括号括出；
看先行词是人是物；
确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分（主/宾/定/状）
确定关系词。
8/4/201912345678Final winner !1：运气先攒着
2：+2分
3：+5分
4：+1分5：+9分
6：要加油哦！
7： +2分
8：祝你好运！谢谢