2019届二轮复习语法专题 冠词（129张）

课件129张PPT。2019届二轮复习语法专题冠词如何过好语法关？四个原则考纲1.教师将近五年高考题13篇语法填空题和近八年的短文改错题做一遍，然后进行归类。以便了解高考究竟考什么，是怎么考的。让复习避免盲目性，更有针对性，有效提高复习效率！2.既然了解语法考什么怎么考了，就要重点讲考点语法，按高考的考法去训练考生。即考什么就练什么，怎么考就怎么练。五条建议我们总结了一张语法总表，如需要，可联系冯老师QQ961891071微信180264470483.高考语法考得非常简单，复习时不要过繁过难过偏，万万不能让学生感到语法很难，把握好度。4.将语法与词汇句型复习结合起来，语法词组化、词块化、句型化。5. 做真题明考法，考点全归纳；考点要练透，一个不能漏。语法复习课示例真题回顾考情分析考点归纳 冠词本身不能单独使用，须用在名词或“形容词+名词”前，帮助指明名词的意义。冠词有定冠词(the)、不定冠词(a和an)和零冠词(不用冠词)。一、语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷)As ____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 因as a result(结果)是固定词组。a2. (2017全国Ⅱ卷)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building
a strong roof over ________ top.
特指the track的顶上。
3. (2017全国Ⅲ卷)Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as _____ model in New York.
表示职业或身份的单数可数名词前习惯上用不定冠词。the /itsa4. (2016全国Ⅰ卷)…while one is being bottle-fed, ____ other is with mum—he never suspects.
因one…the other是固定搭配。
5. (2016全国Ⅱ卷) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ____while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
因for a while 意为“一段时间”。thea6. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)are admired by even _____ most modern architects and engineers.
在最高级前用定冠词the。
7. (2014全国Ⅰ卷)Now, years later, this river
is one of _____ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
在最高级前用定冠词the。thethe二、短文改错 1. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) I still remember how hard first day was.
2. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
因hour以元音开头。3. (2017全国Ⅲ卷)When I look at this picture of myself…Around me in picture are the things that
were very important in my life at that time…
指上文提到过的那张照片。
4. (2016全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.
指在“一段”很短的时间内。5. (2016全国Ⅱ卷)But in that case, we will learn little about world.
指“世界，世间万物”，world前习惯上加the。
6. (2016全国Ⅲ卷)At the first, I thought I knew everything and…
因为at first(=in the beginning起初)是固定词组。7. (2015全国Ⅰ卷)I miss my home in countryside.
因countryside前习惯上与 the连用，即the countryside。
8. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)Tony saw a toy in a shop window…he quickly walked into the shop…A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.
特指上文提到过的那家商店。9. (2014全国Ⅰ卷)As result, the plants are
growing everywhere.
因as a result(结果)是固定词组。
10. (2014全国Ⅱ卷)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.
表示泛指的复数可数名词前不用冠词。11. (2013全国Ⅰ卷)In a fact, he even scared my classmates away…
因为in fact(事实上)是固定词组。
12. (2011全国课标卷)I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.
指去西安度“一个”长假期。考情：冠词是高考每年必考的考点，就最近五年高考来说，已考查的有：
1. 定冠词和不定冠词的一般用法。即定冠词表示特指，相当于“这，那，这些，那些”；不定冠词表示泛指，相当于“一(个，段，座等)”。
2. 在最高级前、序数词前、独一无二的事物名词前等要用定冠词。3. 不定冠词a与an的用法区别。
4. 表示泛指的复数名词前不用冠词，或叫零冠词。
5. 含定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的固定短语或习惯搭配。解法：冠词用于名词或“形容词+名词”前。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格设在名词或“形容词+名词”前，一般填冠词，如上述第2，3题；在短文改错中，如果单数可数名词前没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)时，很可能是漏掉了，须补上，如上述第9题。不定冠词a和an的区别 不定冠词用于“(形容词+)单数可数名词”前，泛指“一个/位/本/把/座/……”。不定冠词有a和an两个，a用于辅音前，an用于元音前。如：
a film /house一部电影/一座房子
a useful book一本有用的书
a university student一个大学生
a European writer一位欧洲作家an interesting story一个有趣的故事
an umbrella一把雨伞
an honor光荣的人或事
an honourable man一个高尚的人
an honest businessman一个诚实的商人
an hour and a half一个半小时
an F /H/L /M//N一个F /H/L /M//N不定冠词的主要用法 泛指一类人或事物或同类中的一个。如：
A teacher is a person whose job is teaching. 教师是以教书为职业的人。
My father is a teacher. 我父亲是老师。My uncle bought me a pen. The pen looks very nice. 我叔叔给我买了一支笔。这支笔看上去很漂亮。He has a son. 他有一个儿子。A bird has wings. 鸟有翅膀。He goes to see his grandpa once a month. 他每月去看他爷爷一次。They’re both of a size. 这两个大小相同。We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。A Mr Green is waiting to see you. 一位格林先生正在等着见你。
a knife and fork一副刀叉
比较：a teacher and writer一位老师兼作家(同一人)
a teacher and a writer一位老师和一位作家(两个人)This is a most interesting film. 这是一部非常有趣的电影。What a mess! 真是糟糕透了!
It is stupid to do such a thing. 做这种事真蠢。
She is quite a beauty. 她是个真正的美人儿。
We walk half a mile every day. 我们每天走半英里。as a +名词in a +名词
have a +名词have/take a +名词go on /take a +名词make a +名词动词+a+名词其他含a的短语其他含a的短语 定冠词既可用于可数名词(单数或复数)前, 又可用于不可数名词之前，表示特指，相当于this, that, these, those。具体用法有：
特指双方都知道的或上文提到过的人或事物。如：
Would you mind if I open the window? 如果我打开窗户，你介意吗？
Singleton is a quiet village. The village has a population of more than one hundred. 辛格尔顿 是一个偏僻的村庄。这个村庄仅有一百多人。 用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或物。如：
Who invented the computer?谁发明了电脑？(强调整体)这些词作主语，表示一类人时谓语动词用复数，表示事物时谓语动词用单数。
The Japanese admire the traditions of the Chinese. 日本人羡慕中国人的传统。
The rich are not always happy. 富人并非总是快乐的。
The unknown is always something to be feared. 未知的东西总是令人害怕的东西。 用于the +集合名词(police, public等)，特
指一个群体。如：
The police have been shadowing him for months. 警方已秘密跟踪他几个月了。
用于姓氏复数前，表示“某某一家人或夫妇”。如：
The Browns like to chat online. 布朗一家人喜欢网上聊天。 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前。如：
The earth turns around the sun. 地球围绕太阳旋转。
用于演奏的西洋乐器名称前。如：
She plays the piano fairly well. 她钢琴弹得非常不错。 用于序数词和最高级前。如：
They live on the twenty-third floor, the highest floor of this building. 他们住在23层，这栋楼的最高层。 用于方位名词前。如：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东边升起，在西边落下。
The school is on the left of the road, and his house is on the right. 学校在马路的左边，他家在其右边。 在逢十的复数基数词之前，指某世纪的几十年代。如：
She moved to the US in the 1990’s. 她是20世纪90年代移居美国的。
用于“by + the+度量单位名词”中。如：
We pay him by the hour. 我们是按小时付钱给他的。 用于“the +比较级，the +比较级”句型。如：
The harder you work, the luckier you are. 越努力越幸运。
The higher you stand, the farther you can see. 你站得越高看得越远。in the +名词on the +名词动词+the+名词其他+the+名词 专有名词前。如：
China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
泛指的不可数名词前。如：
Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
Water is important for people. 水对人来说很重要。 类指或泛指的复数可数名词前。如：
Horses are useful animals. 马是有用的动物。
学科名词前。如：
We have English, biology and chemistry on Monday. 我们星期一上英语、生物和化学课。This fish lays eggs in (the) spring. 这种鱼春天产卵。
The conference was closed on June 10. 会议于六月十日结束。
We are mostly out on Sundays. 星期天我们一般不在家。 以day表示的节假日。如：
Children’s Day is always the first of June.
儿童节一直是六月一日。
一日三餐前。如：
I have lunch at school. 我在校吃午饭。
作表语或补语的唯一头衔名称前。如：
Obama was made President of America. 奥巴马当选为美国总统。 表示球类或棋类等运动的名词前。如：
After playing basketball, he went to play chess under the big tree. 他打完篮球后, 他
去大树下下棋。 名词前已有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限定词时。如：
I want this book, not that one. 我要这本书，不是那本。顺便记记其他意义有别的词组：介词at+零冠词+名词或代词
介词in+零冠词+名词介词on/with/by/after+零冠词+名词
介词under +零冠词+名词介词out of+零冠词+名词动词+零冠词+名词动词take+零冠词+名词+介词动词make+零冠词+名词+介词动词have+零冠词+名词+介词动词give/get+零冠词+名词+介词其他动词+零冠词+名词+介词其他一、语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1. (2018河北唐山) _____ best time to appreciate this phenomenon is from November to May…
形容词最高级前一般要加the。
2. (2018河南诊调)From his point of view, the Big Bang was the start of _____universe and it only took less than a second to happen.
“宇宙”是独一无二的事物，要加the，即the universe。Thethe3. (2018河南周口) This technique later helped create Dolly the sheep in 1996, 28, _____ first cloned mammal in the world.
表顺序的数词前要加the。
4. (2018河北石家庄) Gu Yu told me that from tiny street stands to large chains, ____ huge number of people accept mobile payments, mostly through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.
表示“许多”是a huge number of。thea5. (2018贵州贵阳) According to tales and legends, the beginning of Chinese New Year started with the fight against ____ mythical beast called Nian(年).
意思是“一个叫做‘年’的神秘怪兽”，表示“一个/种”用不定冠词。
6. (2018贵州遵义) China is in the east of Asia…It faces ______ Pacific Ocean.
由普通名词构成的专有名词前一般加定冠词。thea7. (2018安徽合肥)It is also a cultural bridge between Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share ______ same festival.
固定搭配，因为same总是与the连用。
8. (2018广东汕头)During this time, the company has released many different models of its famous smartphones, and most of them set ____ example for the rest of the industry.
表示“树立榜样”是set an example。thean9. (2018福建龙岩)In ____word, China is leading in many ways.
因in a word(总之)是固定搭配。
10. (2018广西桂林) In the heavens there was a real dragon…______ real dragon flew to Ye Gong’s home. It put its head into the window…
重提前面已经出现了的a real dragon，用the。Thea11. (2018河北承德)Its success is surprising because _____ main character in the series
is a shepherd, and the series is about…
有in the series修饰，特指剧中的主要人物。
12. (2018福建福州) _____ center of Beijing
was the royal palace—the Forbidden City.
受of Beijing修饰，特指北京的中心。theThe13. (2018广东肇庆)I could not forget ____ year when this city faced a disaster.
受定语从句修饰，特指这座城市面临灾难的那一年。
14. (2018湖北黄冈)The teacher went to ____ kitchen and came back with a large pot of coffee and many cups—china ones, plastic ones and glass ones.
特指老师家的厨房。 thethe15. (2018湖北襄阳) In Australia, which has
the highest number of food advertisements in children’s television in the world, there are ___ average of 12 food ads per hour.
因an average of(平均有)是常见搭配。
16. (2018甘肃张掖)As to spelling I never copied ___ new word again and again to remember it.
泛指“一个”新单词，用不定冠词。 aan17. (2018河北沧州)Shared bikes play a positive role in meeting ______ public’s need for “last mile” transportation and creating a low-carbon transport network.
由固定搭配the public(公众)可知填the。
18. (2018山西太原)And humans are not _____ only creatures to use electricity.
特指唯一的用电的生物。thethe19. (2018山西吕梁)If I chose to take _____ next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes.
特指下一趟公交。
20. (2018山东菏泽)At a counter we noticed that ___ foreigner was talking to a clerk, but the clerk didn’t understand what the foreigner said.
文中第一次出现foreigner，用不定冠词。thea21. (2018福建南平)Some people think the Internet will certainly take _____ place of the traditional library.
由固定搭配take the place of可知。
22. (2018广西贵港)I was delighted _____ other day when I saw a card left on the table to say thanks.
因为the other day(几天前)是固定词组，与一般过去时连用。thethe23. (2018福建三明)As is known to all, there’ s ____ increasing number of foreign students coming to China.
因a number of(许多)是固定搭配，an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”。
24. (2018陕西西安长安) On “No Vehicle Day” the whole family walked to an art gallery to see ____ exhibition. The round trip was about eight kilometers.
泛指“一场”展览，用不定冠词，exhibition的读音以元音开头，填an。anan25. (2018皖南八校) Life should be treated with special care. We should treasure every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because ____ best things will be gone very easily.
最高级前用the。
26. (2018广东二模)Germs (病菌) exist in water and often they are found in air and dust as well. If you cut your finger, if some of ____ dust from the floor goes into the cut, some of the germs will go into your finger.
有介词短语修饰，特指地上的灰尘。thethe27. (2018新疆二模) ______ Smiths learned it’s hard to get statistics on latchkey children. Most parents are unwilling to admit they leave their children alone.
指史密斯夫妇，表示某一家人或夫妇时，用“the+姓氏复数”。The28. (2018云南统检) The student went to the chocolate factory. As he walked through, he saw one chocolate wrapped nicely. He instantly liked it, but he said to himself that he might find a much bigger one further. So he walked on and saw another chocolate. But again, he thought _____ same.
因same前习惯上总是用the的。the29. (2018湖南湘潭)I want to set ____ good example to deaf children. I told them my story. I told them that they could have many talents, like dancing.
给聋哑儿童树立“一个”良好的榜样。
30. (2018湖南永州) Meanwhile, a total of 490,000 foreigners from 204 countries and regions studied in China is 2017. …Students from B & R countries accounted for 64. 9 percent of _____ total.
指前文中提到的“那个”总数。 athe31. (2018山西太原) The Famous Lascaux
Caves consist of a large hole and ____ series of connecting caves, with a natural water system.
因a series of 意思“一系列, 一连串, 一些”之意。
32. (2018陕西宝鸡)Recent studies show that nearly 24 percent of Chinese people suffer from insomnia (失眠) and _____ number of young people affected is rising.
意思是“患有失眠症的年轻人的数量在上升”,
表示“……的数量”是the number of。athe33. (2018福建三明) Studying for ____ MBA can
be expensive. The program at the University of Virginia, for example, costs more than ＄22000
a year.
泛指的“一个”工商管理学位，而M的读音以元音开头，故用an。
34. (2018山东日照) The Chinese Poetry Congress featuring classic poetry is extremely popular. The competition saw over 100 hopeful participants taking part in ____ number of challenges.
指参加“一些或许多(a number of)”挑战。ana35. (2018安徽蚌埠) But the increasing number
of people travelling to the ends of the Earth can have _____negative effect on fragile ecosystems (生态系统). Should tourists be allowed to visit polar regions?
因have an effect on (对……有影响)是固定词组。
36. (2018河南六市) Many schools have no space to keep the phones and teachers don’t have ____ right to search students.
有不定式修饰，特指搜学生身的权力。athe37. (2018四川遂宁) If something goes wrong, New Zealand people are more likely to give people ____ second chance so that they can prove themselves or show that things can be done differently. 序数词不表示顺序而是表示在原基础上增
加一次，即“再一，又一”时，用不定冠词。a38. (2018河南天一) On the way we were told that there was a gentleman who might be able to help us. We called him and he left his house and met us by the roadside, bringing with him ____ air tube. He filled the tyre up with air and we followed him to his home. 泛指的“一条”气管。an二、短文改错 1. (2018四川资阳)Although his parents want to encourage him to be great scientist, at times they worry about his safety.
表示“一位”伟大的科学家。
2. (2018四川遂宁)Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you.
因news是不可数名词，故去掉a。 3. (2018四川绵阳) His parents were so busy that they had a little time to cook for him at home.
由句意可知是否定意义，仅用little。
4. (2018陕西榆林) Today I still remember clearly that there was the time when life was
really hard in a remote mountain village.
指一段时间，故用a。 5. (2018山西晋城) Second, we should thank the teachers who are making a effort to give
us knowledge.
因effort是元音开头的单词。
6. (2018辽宁葫芦岛) Take my parents for
an example, after my grandma passed away last year, my parents spent much more time chatting with my grandpa…
去掉an由固定搭配take…for example(拿……来说)可知。7. (2018湖南株洲) There are a plenty of activities and trainers who don’t push you
to do what you dislike.
因plenty of “许多，大量”是固定短语，前面不要加a。
8. (2018湖南衡阳) On Monday afternoon, we had an very exciting basketball match with
Class 2.
因为very是辅音开头的单词。 9. (2018湖北黄冈)First of all, China has made
a great progress in the social and economic development in the past decades…
因为progress(进展，进步)是不可数名词。
10. (2018湖北重校)As the student of Senior 3,
it won’t take long before I graduate.
意为“作为一个高三学生”，表示“一个”用不定冠词。11. (2018湖北重校) High school is a golden time in one’s life with a great fun and fond memories.
因为fun是不可数名词。
12. (2018河南安阳) As the result, more and more
traffic accidents have happened.
由as a result(结果)是固定搭配。 13. (2018河南安阳)There the doctor asked Jack if he had coughed sometimes for long time.

由固定搭配a long time(很长时间)可知。
14. (2018河北张家口)We chose to take bus for
it is not far from our home, and it is not easy to park at weekends.
因为bus是可数名词，所以要在前面加a。 15. (2018河北唐山) However, Qinqiang is one
of most important cultural relics in China.
最高级前一般加the。
16. (2018河北邯郸) She came to China with her parents, who taught English in an university.
因university虽然是元音字母开头，但其发音却是辅音开头。17. (2018贵州遵义)When it came to Song Dynasty, people began to use tea in different situations and tea culture became the more and more popular.
去掉the表示“变得越来越受欢迎”，不用the。
18. (2018贵州贵阳)There was a farmer who sell a pound of butter to a baker…The judge asked farmer if he was using any measure.
重提上文已提到过的farmer，故加the。 19. (2018广东肇庆)After graduating from college, he became the senior high school teacher.
职业名称作表语，其前一般用不定冠词。
20. (2018广东东莞)The most exciting thing for me in the Britain was that I made a lot of friends there.
因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。21. (2018广东东莞) We walked along that afternoon, chatted freely and had good time together.
由固定搭配have a good time(玩得开心点)可知。
22. (2018福建厦门) While we were chatting with
elderly, they expressed their great concern about passing on the songs to future generations.
由固定搭配the elderly(长者)可知。23. (2018福建漳州) Something like failing in a
exam is quite common to most of the students.
因exam是元音开头的单词。
24. (2018安徽黄山) On the Monday, Mary was energetic but active in class.
因为泛指的星期前不加冠词。 25. (2018安徽合肥) It was on a hot day that
I visited Qingdao, port city in Shandong Province.
因为city是可数名词，表示“一座港口城市”，要用a。
26. (2018河北沧州) In a word, I benefit great deal from reading.
由固定搭配a great deal(大量)可知。27. (2018湖北孝感)With the society developing rapidly, more and more people begin to learn English as the second language.
表示“一门二外”，只表示数目的增加。
28. (2018山东滨州)One day, a teacher realized that I wanted to learn how to play a piano.
表示演奏乐器时，乐器前一般要用the。29. (2018茂名一模) Besides, it will help you learn the Chinese in interesting and effective ways.
去掉the语言名词前不用冠词。
30. (2018河南濮阳一模) All of a sudden, I understood. I shut her kids in by the mistake!
I opened the window immediately…
由固定搭配by mistake可知。31. (2018广东佛山)The day right after my seventeen birthday during last summer
vacation, I paid a visit to my grandparents. 这里是表顺序(第17个生日)，因此用序数词。三、综合填空 (2018福建龙岩)As long as I can remember, I’ve been interested in learning about people, places, and 1 ___________(tradition) from around the world. I traveled with my dad to adopt my brother and sister on life-changing trip to Peru when I was 15 years old. 2 __________ (immediate) my world expanded: in Machu Picchu I felt as if I had woken from a dream,
3 _______ made me realize the possibilities and
4 ________ (end) adventures beyond my neighborhood. endless which ImmediatelytraditionsIn college, I 5 _______(spend) an unbelievable term in Spain and later in Ecuador. The travel desire led 6 ____countless trips abroad, from teaching English as 7 ____ second language to immigrants in London ,to traveling with my students in Costa Rica.
Now that I have my own family, I hope
8 ________ (raise) my children to be globally and culturally aware. to raisetospentaOur family looks like a mini-United Nations, with my husband 9 _________(come) from Mexico, and our daughters and sons from China and Ethiopia. While our intention was simply to expand our family, we have been enriched by our multicultural backgrounds
and experiences. Each member of our family
10 _______ (enjoy) both the trips to home countries as well as the celebrations of traditions here at home. enjoyscoming 作者对了解世界各地的人、地点和传统，本文是作者叙述其游览各国的生活经历。
1. traditions 与前面的people, places 并列，也用复数。
2. Immediately 位于句首修饰全句，用副词。
3. which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面句子的内容。
4. endless 由语境可知，填表示“无数的” endless才通顺。5. spent 叙述过去的事，用一般过去时。
6. to 因lead to是固定词组。
7. a 该序数词不强调顺序，而是“另一”种语言。
8. to raise 由hope to do sth (希望做某事)可知。
9. coming 因my husband与come是主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。
10. enjoys 叙述目前的情况用一般现在时，each of…作主语，用第三人称单数。全面的语法考点复习，
可参看《爱疯英语一轮复习 高效备考高效率》
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