2019届中考英语（人教版）专题练习题：语法填空（含解析）

语法填空
1．
My Big Day
There were about 15 kids there for audition（试镜）when we arrived． I had been u（1）　 　about being late on this Big Day， but the bus， which moved slowly all the way， woke up and almost galloped for the last half mile． Dad and I jumped off and ran to 171 High Street． I had e（2）　 　 a shiny building but what I saw was a broken ancient door． And the room into which we all crowded was dark and didn't have enough chairs． A boy was p（3）　 　 his audition piece loudly， unaware of everyone else in the room． Most of the kids were in jeans， but a few dressed seriously cool as if they spent every day on film sets and lunching with s（4）　 　． I felt a bit embarrassed about my dressing．
A girl called us away， one by one， to be auditioned． I breathed deeply and slowly as I had learned to do ﹣ ever since my first part in the school play， when I was extremely nervous and n（5）　 　 forgot everything I had memorized． I repeated my speech to myself with all the pauses and emphasizes in the right places． I knew I was good． I really wanted this part， I wanted to pay Dad back for all the work he'd done for me． I wanted to make him proud of me． And I know I could do it．
Suddenly， there it was my n（6）　 　! I followed the girl down a corridor into a large room with three men and a woman sitting
"How tall are you？" he asked．
"I'm 1.6 metres．" I said， trembling slightly．
The man looked at the woman and I saw him s（7）　 　his head．
The woman turned to me and said． "I'm so sorry． That's just a bit too tall for this part． They should have told you"
2．I'm Tony． I live in London． There is a post office （1）　 　 /??kr?s/from my home． My father works there． He always （2）　 　his bike to send（送） letters and postcards． But sometimes he is （3）　 　 / fri： /． There aren't many letters and postcards．
My father says more （4）　 　（family） have computers now． They don't need to （5）　 　letters in the post office． They can sit in front of computers and send e﹣mails to （6）　 　（they） friends at home． It only takes a few seconds（秒）． It is （7）　 　/ fa：st / and easy． If they go to the post office， it will take them much time． And it will （8）　 　them much money， too． So people would like to （9）　 　the computer now． A lot of people say that now the post office is useless（无用的）． Will my father （10）　 　/ lu：z / his work？ I'm worried（担心的） about him．
3．
A better town for teenagers
I believe there are many things that we can do to make life in our town a lot better for teenagers．
First of all， I think more bike lanes should（1）　 　（build）． A lot of teenagers in my town bike everywhere， （2）　 　it's very dangerous because there is a lot of traffic． If there are more bike lanes in the future， it will be much （3）　 　（safe） for us．
（4）　 　（two）， I believe that we need more places for teenagers to go to． （5）　 　my opinion， teenagers won't cause problems in the street if there are more places for us to go to． So we need more（6）　 　（club） and other places where we can meet．
Thirdly， teenagers here need more sports facilities． There （7）　 　（be） places to play ball games so far like tennis and basketball， but what about other sports， （8）　 　skating and rollerblading？
Finally， I'm sure we'll make the town better（9）　 　we don't drop litter． If we all do something（10）　 　（help） now， our town will be much better for everyone in the future．
4．根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词．
In 20 years， I will be a newspaper reporter． I'll live in Shanghai， （1）b　 　 there will be more jobs in that city． （2）　 　 a reporter， I will meet lots of （3）　 　 （interest） people， so I'll have （4）　 　 （many） friends． I'll have fewer pets， because I'll have less time． And my apartment will be no good （5）f　 　 pets because it'll be too small． So I'll probably just（6）k　 　 a bird． During the week， I'll wear smart clothes．（7）　 　the weekend， I'll look less smart but I'll be more （8）　 　 （comfort）． In the future， people will work more so they'll have fewer （9）　 　 （vacation）， but I think I'll take（10）　 　 holiday in Hong Kong when possible．
5．阅读下面短文，并借助上下文补充所缺信息，每个空格只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词．
They have good eating（1）　 　． My uncle has milk and bread（2）　 　breakfast． He doesn't like hamburgers（3）　 　they're not good for his health． My aunt likes vegetables and she always eats（4）　 　． Chicken and tomatoes are her favorite （5）　 　， My cousin Angel eats one（6）　 　every day． She thinks"An apple a day keeps doctors away． She likes ice ﹣cream， too． But she doesn't eat it． She always says， "I don' t want to（7）　 　fat．"
Angel likes （8）　 　very much． So she plays tennis with my uncle on weekends．My aunt（9）　 　play tennis with them because she usually goes running with her friends． They all like doing sports， so they are all very（10）　 　
6．A woman came out of her house and saw three old men sitting in front of her house． She did not recognize them． She said， "I don't think I know you， but（1）　 　must be hungry． Please come in and have something to（2）　 　"
"Why do not go into a house together after you make a decision，" they replied． "Why？" she （3）　 　．
One of the old men explained： "His name is Wealth． "he said pointing （4）　 　one of his friends， "and he is Success， and I am Love． " Then he added， " Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home．"
The woman went in and discussed with her husband． Her husband was very excited． "（5）　 　 nice!"，he said． "Since that is the case， let us invite Wealth． Let him come and fill our home with wealth! " His wife disagreed． "My dear，why don't（6）　 　Success？" Their（7）　 　 was listening outside the house． She jumped in with her own suggestion， "Wouldn't it be better to invite Love？ Our home will then be（8）　 　of love，"Let us take our daughter's advice． "said the husband to his wife．
So the woman went out and invited Love to come into her house． To her surprise， all（9）　 　 the three men walked towards the house．
The old men explained together： "If you had invited Wealth（10）　 　Success， the other two of us would have stayed out， but since you invited Love， wherever he goes， we go with him． Wherever there is Love， there is also Wealth and Success．
7．Next time you hold a book in your hands， stop and think． Like most other things in the modern world， it is the result of thousands of years of human invention．
First， came the invention of writing，（1）　 　（probable） about 5500year ago． With writing， people did not have to remember everything in their heads． They could communicate with people that they never（2）　 　（see） and share their knowledge with future generations．
Later， the Greeks were well﹣done for their literature（文学） and science， but their "books" looked very different（3）　 　the books of today． They were called scrolls（卷轴）．
They were different to use and took a lot of space in a library．About 2，000years ago， books with lots of pages （4）　 　（invent）．
For more than a thousand years， the pages of books were made from animal skin． That changed in （5）　 　thirteenth century， when Europeans learned about a very（6）　 　（use） Chinese invention ： paper．
But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439， when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press． Before that， books in Europe were copied by hand， so they were very expensive． Many more people could afford the books（7）　 　were produced on a printing press．
These days it is difficult（8）　 　（imagine） a world without books． But human invention does not stop． Every year， more（9）　 　（story） are bought as e﹣books and read on a screen．
Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future，（10）　 　will books， like scrolls soon disappear？
8．请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 1 ﹣10的相应位置上．
Early people had no need for money． Each family group hunted for， found， or grew what it
needed． Then life became less simple． People traded goods and services． As e （1）　 　as 9 ，000 years
ago， people bought things with cattle （牲畜）． Cattle became a way to measure （衡量） something's
worth．
Later the Chinese may have been the f （2）　 　to use metal for money．
About 4 ，000 years ago， metal money was common in places outside China too．
The value of a piece of metal depended on its w （3）　 　， so scales （秤） were
needed when things were bought． The small pieces of metal were formed in the
shapes of money later on．
Three thousand years ago， g （4）　 　 and silver were used for money pieces． These metals were
often s （5）　 　 into rings． People wore their money before they spent it． The g （6）　 　made
different coins for different values． The first known coins were round and flat and were made about
2 ，650 years ago in Turkey． Sailors brought these coins to Greece．
The Romans started using coins about 2 ，300 years ago． Their coins spread t （7）　 　Europe，
and their system of money was used throughout the Middle Ages， especially in England． The
Middle Ages began about 1 ，500 years ago and l （8）　 　until about 650 years ago．
Many people think our coins today aren't worth much． Their real value has gone d （9）　 　 ，
because coins are no longer made of silver or gold． But we s （10）　 　 use coins a lot． Every day in
the US， enough quarters （二角五分的硬币） are used in coin﹣run games to cover more than ten
football fields． That's more than 70 million quarters every day．
9．Amy is only 13years old． She is a girl full of love． At the age of four， she （1）　 　（begin） to learn how to play the violin． And she was really good at it． She wanted to help the poor children in her town， so she decided to raise money by（2）　 　（play） the violin in the street． At first， only a few people gave her money． Three days later， she（3）　 　 （put） a sign beside her， saying why she was doing so． When people saw the sign， they（4）　 　（move） deeply and started to help her with the work． Amy also sold her favorite toys（5）　 　（collect） money． When her teachers and classmates got to know this， they all began to sell their old toys， clothes and books to collect money， too．
Amy （6）　 　（raise） money for two years， and now she's got more than2，000． She says she（7）　 　（continue） doing like this and help more poor children．
10．It was a hot summer holiday and I planned to enjoy the day． I was to visit my sister． It is about 75 kilometers （1）　 　my place． Early that morning， I started from my house．
Some minutes later， a strong wind came． Dark clouds were （2）　 　（move） fast in the sky． I thought I would be OK （3）　 　I got into the bus． But （4）　 　（unlucky）， I missed the bus． And the taxis were all taken．
I was running to a shop （5）　 　it started raining． I was （6）　 　（use） to storms， but this one was too strong． After a few minutes， everyone was wet in the street （7）　 　nobody got the time to get a shelter（避难）． I wasn't worried or afraid． I thought it would be fun to see（8）　 　would happen．
In a short time the road became rivers． The chairs and tables were floating（漂浮）in the
（9）　 　（rise） rivers of rain water．
After four hours the rain stopped． It was hard for me（10）　 　（go） on the journey． So I came back．
11． Look at the flower in the picture． It's beautiful， isn't it？ In fact， it's not a （1）　 　（normally） flower．
On January 16， Scott Kelly， an astronaut on the International Space Station （ISS）， （2）　 　（take） the picture． He said， "Yes， there are other life forms in space!" And （3）　 　（that） other life forms are zinnias （百日菊）， a type of flower that is （4）　 　（wide） planted in the world． The flowers were grown inside the Veggie lab on the ISS which （5）　 　（set） up in early May 2014． It was the （6）　 　（one） time flowers grew in space． However， they （7）　 　 （were） the first plants grown in space． Last year， astronauts grew lettuce （8）　 　（success） on the ISS and ate it． （9）　 　（compare） with the plants astronauts had grown before， zinnias are （10）　 　（much） sensitive （敏感的） to （＝than） the environment． They have a longer growth period （生长周期）between 60and 80days．
Growing such flowers ﹣ zinnias can （11）　 　（eat） ﹣ is part of a long term NASA project known as Veggie． It is designed（12）　 　（produce） food with an eye to long， manned missions （载人任务）to Mars． Growing tomato plants is planned for next year．

12．Are you the only child in the family？ If so， you are the most （1）　 　in your family． （2）　 　 are the closest people to you in the world． But a lot of middle school students have a problem． They feel they're not （3）　 　 close to their parents as before． They even think their parents are unfair to them．
Some students complain that their parents say （4）　 　 lot to them， but never listen to （5）　 　．
"My parents don't allow me to play computer games， （6）　 　 other classmates are doing that．"
Others say， when they're （7）　 　 phone calls to friends， their parents like to ask if they are speaking to a boy or a girl． These make them very （8）　 　． Some students even decide to leave home． But they don't know running away may bring them some more problems． Show your parents you're growing up． Then they will feel you are no （9）　 　 a small child．
（10）　 　 you follow the advice， you'll have a happy life and never think of running away．
13．阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使
短文意思完整、行文连贯．
Can you see time？ Can you hear（听见）time？ Time is not the clock（闹钟）（1）　 　 your desk． So no one can （2）　 　[si：] or hear time． But man is a kind of clever animal． We can count（数） time． One year has （3）　 　 hundred and sixty﹣five days．
One day has twenty﹣four （4）　 　（hour）． We work in the（5）　 　[??：f?s]． We study at school． We play with （6）　 　 （us） friends． Time is past． We have no （7）　 　 to make time go back． Time（8）　 　（fly）! What would you like to do when you are （9）　 　[j??]？ We need try to （10）　 　 time．
14．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词．
Florence Nightingale was a nurse who saved many people in the 19th century． She was named after the city of Florence in Italy．
Florence was （1）　 　unusual young woman for her time， because she didn't want to go to parties and get married． She wanted to be a nurse and help people． Her family （2）　 　（not） want her to become because a nurse because hospitals back then were dirty， horrible places．
（3）　 　the age of thirty﹣one， Florence went to Germany and learned all about nursing． It was hard work，（4）　 　she loved it．
In 1854， lots of British soldiers went to fight in the Crimean War． Army hospitals were filled with injured people， but there（5）　 　（be） no nurses and many soldiers died． Florence and a team of nurses went to help．
Florence worked 20 hours a day to make the hospital a （6）　 　（clean） and safer place． She brought fresh food，she cleaned the beds and she used clean bandages on the wounded soldiers． Soon， fewer （7）　 　（man） were dying．
At night， Florence talked to the injured soldiers and helped them （8）　 　（write） letters to their families．They called her "the lady with the lamp"， （9）　 　she always carried a lamp．
When Florence returned to England， people called her a hero． Queen Victoria wrote her a letter to say thanks．She（10）　 　（give） the honor（荣誉）﹣Order of Merit， becoming the first woman to receive it．
15．根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整．
If you have a brother or sister， you already know you are different from each other． You live together in the same house and with the same parents， but you have d（1）　 　 personalities． Why is this？ One possible r（2）　 　 is the way your parents treat you．
First﹣born children receive all the attention from their p（3）　 　． Most families have twice as many photos of a first﹣born child as any other one． Parents usually give first﹣borns more responsibility（责任） and d（4）　 　on them to look after younger brothers and sisters． As a r（5）　 　， first﹣borns are often responsible， hard﹣working and serious． They often want to do well at school and work． There are m（6）　 　first﹣born American presidents than second or last﹣born children， for example， George W． Bush， George Washington， and Lyndon Baines Johnson．
When a second child a（7）　 　， parents are not so excited． The second child has to compete with the first﹣born for the parents' attention and l（8）　 　． These children often choose different sports and h（9）　 　to do well at school and work， but have to be creative to get their family's attention． They are often friendly and cool． Many famous talk﹣show hosts were b（10）　 　 last． The famous American host Ellen Degeneres is a good example．


语法填空
参考答案
1．【分析】本文作者介绍了自己到一家演出公司试镜的经历，虽做了很多的准备工作，最后却因为身高偏高而遗憾离场．
【解答】1． upset 考查形容词．根据语境"我一直为在大日子这天迟到而难过"，以u 开头意为"难过"的形容词是upset． 故答案为 upset；
2． expected 考查动词．根据语境"我曾料想会有一座闪闪发光的楼房，但我所看到的却是一扇破旧而古老的大门"，以e开头意为"料想"的词是expect，本句属于过去完成时态，其一般结构为"had +动词的过去分词"．故答案为 expected；
3． practicing 考查过去进行时．根据语境"一个男孩正在大声地练习试镜片段"，以p开头意为"练习"的词是practice，本句属于过去进行时，其一般结构为"was/were +动词﹣ing"，所以此处的practice用﹣ing形式．故答案为practicing；
4． nearly 考查副词．根据语境"那时我极度紧张几乎忘记我所记得的一切"，以n开头意为"几乎"的词是nearly．故答案为 nearly；
5． silence 考查名词．根据语境"但是有一些着装很酷，好像他们每天都在看电影和安静地午餐"，以s开头意为"安静，沉默"的名词是silence．故答案为 silence；
6． name 考查名词．根据语境"突然，点到我的名字了！" 以n开头意为"名字"的词为name．故答案为 name；
7． shaking 考查动词．根据语境"这个男人看着这位妇女，我看见他在摇头"，shake one's head 摇头，see sb． doing sth． 看见某人正在做某事，所以此处的shake用﹣ing形式．故答案为 shaking．
2．【分析】本文讲述了Tony的父亲在邮局工作，但是因为电脑的普及，人们不再写信，直接用 e﹣mails 又方便又快捷，因此他担心父亲会不会失去邮局的工作．
【解答】1．across．考查介词；根据语境" 我家对面有一个邮局．"在…对面是介词across．
2． rides．考查动词；根据语境"他总是骑自行车送信和明信片． "always，提醒我们用一般现在时态，主语是单三，故答案是rides．
3． free．考查形容词；根据语境"但有时他是自由的． "自由的是形容词free．
4． families．考查名词；根据语境"我父亲说现在更多的家庭有电脑 "更多的家庭应该用复数families．
5．post．考查动词；根据语境" 他们不需要到邮局去寄信件"需要去干某事need to do ，故答案是动词post．
6． their．考查物主代词；根据语境"他们可以坐在家里的电脑前给朋友发电子邮件． "他们的朋友，形容词性物主代词their．
7． fast．考查形容词；根据语境" 它又快又容易"快的是fast．
8．cost．考查动词；根据语境"这会花掉他们很多钱 ""will是助动词，后面加动词原形，故答案是cost．
9．use．考查动词；根据语境"所以人们现在想使用电脑． "喜欢干某事是would like to do ，故答案是动词原形 use．
10． lose．考查动词；根据语境"我父亲会失去工作吗？ "will是助动词，后面加动词原形，故答案是lose．
3．【分析】这是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍可以做很多事情让青少年在城镇生活得更好．比如：建立自行车道，很多青少年都骑自行车，这样更安全；成立更多的俱乐部；建造更多的体育设施．如果我们现在都做些有益的事情，我们的城镇将在未来对每个人都好得多．
【解答】1．be built．考查被动语态．句意"我想更多的自行车道应该___"．主语bike lanes自行车道，是动词build建立，动作的承受者，表示被建造，用情态动词的被动语态．结构是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词．build的过去分词是built．填be built．
2．but．考查连词．句意"我镇上很多青少年都骑自行车到处跑，__交通非常危险，因为交通拥挤．"．可知，表示转折，用but但是．
3．safer．考查比较级．句意"如果将来有更多的自行车道，对我们来说会更安全．"．这里much修饰比较级．表示"更安全的"．填safe的比较级safer．
4．Secondly．考查副词．句意"___，我相信我们需要更多的地方让青少年去．"．根据第四段 Thirdly第三．可知，填second的副词Secondly第二．
5．In．考查搭配．句意"在我看来，如果我们有更多的地方去，青少年不会在街上惹麻烦．"．in one's opinion据某人看来．固定搭配．填In．
6．clubs．考查名词复数．句意"因此，我们需要更多的俱乐部和其他地方"．由more更多的，可知，填club的复数clubs．
7．have been．考查现在完成时态．句意"到目前为止，已经有很多地方可以玩球类运动．"．根据so far到目前为止．可知，用现在完成时态．there be的完成时态是there have/has been．由places复数．可知，用have been．
8．like．考查介词．句意"但是其他运动，___溜冰和滚旱冰怎么样？"．根据上一句There have been places to play ball games so far like tennis and basketball到目前为止，已经有很多地方可以玩球类运动，像网球和篮球．可知，应该是"像"．填介词like．
9．if．考查连词．句意"最后，我相信___我们不乱丢垃圾，我们就能使城市变得更好．"．we don't drop litter们不乱丢垃圾．是"I'm sure we'll make the town better我们就能使城市变得更好"的条件．用if引导条件状语从句．意思是"如果"．填if．
10．helpful．考查形容词．句意"如果我们现在都做些__事情，我们的城镇将在未来对每个人都好得多．"．修饰不定代词用help的形容词helpful有帮助的．
4．【分析】本文描述了作者想象自己20年后的生活情境．
【解答】1，because 考查连词及联系语境．首先结合语境：我将会住在上海，…在那个城市有更多的工作；其次结合首字母b，可推知此处用"because因为"．故答案为：because
2， As 考查介词及联系语境．结合语境：…一名记者，我将会…可推知此处用"As以…的身份"．故答案为：As
3， interesting 考查形容词及联系语境．结合语境：我将会见更多…的人，可知此处用形容词interesting修饰名词people， interest为名词和动词形式． 故答案为：interesting
4，more 考查形容词比较级及联系语境．结合语境：我将会有…的朋友；同时结合上下句，可推知此处是将会有"more更多的"朋友．故答案为：more
5， for 考查介词及联系语境．结合语境：我的公寓也对宠物不好，因为它太小了； 结合固定搭配be good for：对…有益．故答案为：for
6， keep 考查动词及联系语境．结合语境：所以我可能只…一只鸟；其次结合首字母k及will后用动词原形． 可推知此处用"keep保持、养"．故答案为：keep
7， On 考查介词搭配．on the weekend为固定搭配：在周末．故答案为：On
8， comfortable 考查形容词及联系语境．结合语境：我会看起来不那么聪明，但我会更舒服，可推知此处用形容词形式comfortable，comfort为名词和动词形式． 故答案为：comfortable
9， vacations 考查名词及联系语境．结合语境：人们将会工作得更多，这样他们就会有更少的假期；fewer修饰可数名词复数．故答案为：vacations
10， a 考查冠词及联系语境．结合语境：如果可能的话，我想去香港度假；此处是take a holiday， 泛指度假，故答案为：a
5．【分析】本文说的是叔叔一家人的生活习惯．文章具体介绍了每个人的口味及爱好．
【解答】1． habits．考查名词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填名词，作为宾语．根据下文所述，每个人吃得都很健康，故知他们的饮食习惯很好．habit是名词，意思是"习惯"，用其复数表示"习惯"这个整体概念．故填habits．
2． for．考查介词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填介词，和后面的名词组成介宾结构，充当状语．根据语境可知，我叔叔吃饭吃牛奶和面包．for breakfast当作（作为）早饭．故填for．
3． because．考查连词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填连词，来连接两个句子．根据语境可知，他不吃汉堡包，因为它们对他的健康不利．because因为．故填because．
4． them．考查代词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填名词或代词，作为宾语．根据语境可知，我婶婶喜欢吃蔬菜，并且总是吃它们．them意思是"它们"，在此代指vegetables．故填them．
5． dishes．考查名词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填名词，作为表语．根据语境可知，鸡肉和西红柿是她最喜欢的菜．dish原意是"碟子"，课代指"菜"，用其复数表示整体．故填dishes，
6． apple．考查名词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填名词单数，作为宾语．根据下文"She thinks‘An apple a day keeps doctors away'"可知，她认为"每天一个苹果，让医生走开"，故知她每天都吃一个苹果．one apple一个苹果．故填apple．
7． be/ become．考查不定式．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填动词，来构成不定式．根据上文"But she doesn't eat it"可知，她不吃冰激凌是因为不想变胖．be/ become．变得．句意：她总是说："我不想变胖．"故填be/ become．
8． sports．考查名词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填名词或代词，作为宾语．根据下文"So she plays tennis with my uncle on weekends"可知，安琪儿非常喜欢运动，因此，在周末她常常和我叔叔打网球．故填sports．
9． doesn't．考查动词否定形式．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填助动词或情态动词等．根据语境可知，我婶婶不和他们打网球，因为她通常去和朋友跑步．本句说的是现在的事实，故不用一般现在时的否定形式，故填doesn't．
10． healthy．考查形容词．分析句子结构和语法可知，应填形容词，作为表语．根据上文"They all like doing sports"可知，他们都喜欢运动，所以他们都很健康．healthy健康的．故填healthy．
6．【分析】财富和成功固然重要，但爱更重要．本文通过这个小故事告诉我们，爱在生活中更重要．
【解答】1．you 考查人称代词．句意：她说：我不认识你们，但是你们一定饿了．分析句子结构可知，设空处需用人称代词you"你们"作主语，指代坐在她门前的三个人．故答案为you．
2．eat 考查动词．句意：请进来吃点东西．分析句子结构并结合上文but（1）youmust be hungry．可知，设空处需用动词eat"吃"．故答案为eat．
3．asked 考查一般过去时．根据前句"Why do not go into a house together after you make a decision，" they replied．可知结合提示，应是女人的疑问．依据上文可知这里使用asked"问"．故答案为asked．
4．to 考查介词．根据前句One of the old men explained： "His name is Wealth． "he said可知结合提示，应说指着他的其中一个朋友，point to"指向"，固定短语．故答案为to．
5．How 考查感叹句．根据前文 Her husband was very excited可知结合提示，此处表示丈夫很高兴，所以用How引导感叹句．故答案为How．
6． invite 考查动词．根据前文Since that is the case， let us invite Wealth．可知，设空处表示邀请，需用动词invite与前文呼应．故答案为invite．
7．daughter 考查名词．根据后文，"Let us take our daughter's advice．可知，设空处表示他们的女儿在外面听到了夫妻的对话，所以设空处需用名词daughter．故答案为daughter．
8．full 考查形容词．依据句意：我的房间将会充满爱．可知，设空处考查了固定短语：be full of"充满"．故答案为full．
9．of 考查介词．all of…"全部的"，固定搭配，其后修饰可数名词复数或人称代词宾格．故答案为of．
10．or 考查连词．依据句意：如果你邀请了财富或成功，我们中的另外两个人会留在外面．可知，设空处表示选择关系，所以连词or符合题意．故答案为or．
7．【分析】这是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍和现代世界上的大多数事物一样，书是人类几千年发明的结果．很难想象一个没有书籍的世界．但是人类的发明并没有停止．有更多的电子书在屏幕上可以去阅读．将来有人会翻开一本传统的书吗？或者书像卷轴很快就会消失呢？
【解答】1．probably．考查副词．句意"第一，写作的发明，大概是5500年前．"．修饰句子，用probable的副词probably大概．
2．saw．考查动词．句意"他们可以与他们从未见过的人交流，并与后代分享他们的知识．"．以前从未看过，用一般过去时态，see的过去式是saw．
3．from．考查介词．句意"但是他们的"书"看起来与今天的书籍有很大的不同．"．look different from看起来与…不同．填from．
4．were invented．考查被动语态．句意"大约2000年前，多页的书___了．"．主语books书，是动词invent发明，动作的承受者，表示被发明，用一般过去时态的被动语态．结构是was/were+动词的过去分词．主语books复数，用were．invent的过去分词是invented．填were invented．
5．the．考查定冠词．句意"那个改变在十三世纪"．序数词前用定冠词the．
6．useful．考查形容词．句意"当欧洲人了解到一个非常___中国发明：纸．"．根据所给单词，可知，修饰名词用use的形容词useful有用的．
7．that．考查连词．句意"越来越多的人买得起印刷机上生产的书．"．这里是定语从句，先行词是books书．用that引导．
8．to imagine．考查不定式．句意"现在很难想象一个没有书的世界．"．it is+形容词+to do sth做某事是…固定搭配．填不定式to imagine想象．
9．stories．考查名词．句意"每年都有更多的故事作为电子书被购买并在屏幕上阅读．"．由are．可知，主语用story的复数stories故事．
10．or．考查连词．句意"将来有人会翻开一本传统的书吗？__书，像卷轴很快就会消失？"．可知，表示选择，用or或者．
8．【分析】本文主要讲述了货币发展的历史，以前人们不需要货币，随着人们生产和生活的发展逐渐需要交易，首先是以物易物，用牲畜来衡量，再后来首先中国出现了金属货币，4000年前国外也开始使用，再后来对货币的材质和形状有不同的发展，货币制度逐步完善，硬币也分了不同的面值．
【解答】1．early． 考查形容词．as …as 中间加形容词原级，根据意思：早在9000年前，故用early．
2．first． 考查数词．根据意思：后来，中国人可能是第一个使用金属作为货币的．表示第一个，应该用序数词，故填first．
3．weight．考查名词．根据意思一块金属的价值取决于它的﹣﹣﹣，所以买东西时需要秤．可推测出重量，此处填名词形式，故填weight．
4．gold． 考查名词．根据语境：三千年前，﹣﹣和白银被当做钱来用．可知填黄金，是gold，sliver用的是单数，故gold也用单数．故填gold．
5．shaped．考查动词．根据语境：这些金属通常被做成戒指﹣﹣，此处缺动词，故用形状shape，被动语态Be+动词过去分词，故填shaped．
6．government． 考查名词．根据意思：﹣﹣为不同的价值创造了不同的硬币．此处特指政府，是government，故填government．
7．through．考查介词．根据意思：他们的硬币传遍了欧洲，遍及可用介词through，故填through．
8．lasted．考查动词．根据意思：中世纪大约1， 500年前开始，一直﹣﹣到大约650年前．可知填持续，是动词last，一般过去时态，故用lasted．
9．down．考查副词．根据意思：很多人认为我们今天的硬币不值钱，他们的真正价值已经﹣﹣了．可知填下降，是go down ，故填down．
10．still．考查副词．根据意思：但我们﹣﹣大量使用硬币．可知填仍然still．
9．【分析】这是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍艾米只有13岁，她是一个充满爱的女孩．她通过表演小提琴为镇上的穷孩子筹钱，她已经筹集了两年的钱了．并会继续这样做，帮助更多的贫困儿童．
【解答】（1）．began．考查动词．句意"四岁时，她开始学习拉小提琴．"．一般过去时态，谓语动词用begin的过去式began开始．
（2）．playing．考查动名词．句意"所以她决定通过在街上拉小提琴来筹款．"．介词by后用play的动名词playing演奏．
（3）．put．考查动词．句意"三天后，她在她旁边放了一个牌子，说她为什么这样做．"．一般过去时态．谓语动词用put的过去式put放．
（4）．were moved．考查被动语态．句意"当人们看到这个标志时，他们被深深地感动了．"．主语they他们．是动词move感动，动作的承受者，表示"被感动"．用一般过去时态的被动语态．结构是was/were+动词的过去分词．主语they．用were．move的过去分词是moved．填were moved．
（5）．to collect．考查不定式．句意"艾米也卖掉她最喜欢的玩具来收钱．"．这里用不定式做目的状语．填to collect收集．
（6）．has raised．考查现在完成时．句意"艾米已经筹集了两年的资金．"．for+段时间，这里用现在完成时态．表示"已经筹集"．结构是have/has+动词的过去分词．主语Amy单数．用has．raise的过去分词是raised．填has raised．
（7）．will continue．考查一般将来时态．句意"她说她将会继续这样做，帮助更多的贫困儿童．"．这里表示将要做的事情．用一般将来时态．结构是be going to或will后跟动词原形．填will continue将会继续．
10．【分析】文章讲了在暑假打算去看望妹妹，但是遇到强大暴风雨，只好返回．
【解答】1．from；考查介词；根据语境：离我的地方大约有75公里．离．．用介词from．
2． moving；考查动词；根据语境：乌云在天空中正飞快地移动．过去进行时态结构was、were+动词ing，故填moving．
3．if；考查连词；根据语境：我原以为如果我上公共汽车会没事的．如果是if，故填if．
4． unluckily；考查副词；根据语境：但不幸的是，我没赶上公共汽车，放于句首，用副词unluckily．
5．when；考查连词；根据语境：我正跑向一家商店时，天开始下雨了．当．．时候when．
6． used；考查动词；根据语境：我习惯了暴风雨，但这次暴风雨太猛烈了．习惯于be used to，故填used．
7． because；考查连词；根据语境：几分钟后，大家都湿透了，因为没人有时间去找避难所．因为是because．
8．what；考查代词；根据语境：我想看看会发生什么会很有趣的．什么是what．
9． rising；考查动词；根据语境：椅子和桌子漂浮在上升的雨水中．正在上升的用rising．
10． to go；考查动词；根据语境：对我来说去旅行很难，所以我回来了．it is+形容词+for sb to do 对某人来说干．．是．．的．故填to go．
11．【分析】文章主要讲述了在太空的空间站已经成功的种植了很多植物，并计划明年种植西红柿．
【解答】1． normal 考查形容词，根据空格后的名词，考查此处是形容词修饰名词，故填normal．
2． took 考查动词，根据 He said，可知时态为一般过去时，故填took．
3． those 考查代词，根据other life forms ，可知是复数形式，故用that的复数形式those，故填those．
4． widely 考查副词，根据动词planted，可知此处是副词修饰动词，意思是被广泛的种植，故填widely．
5． was set 考查动词，根据句意：the ISS在2014年5月被发射 ，可知主语the ISS 是动作的承受者，要用被动语态be+过去分词，时态为一般过去时，主语是单数形式，故填was set．
6． first 考查副词，根据空格前的定冠词the，可知序数词前加the，故填first．
7． weren't 考查动词，根据转折词however，推出句意：然而，他们并不是在太空生长的第一批植物，故填weren't．
8． successfully 考查副词，根据grew lettuce ，可知此处是副词修饰动词grew，表示成功的种植了生菜，故填successfully．
9． Compared 考查动词，根据句意：与植物宇航员已经之前相比，可知此处表示被比较，所以是过去分词作状语，表被动，故填Compared．
10． more 考查副词，根据than，可知是比较级的标志，much的比较级是more，此结合语境，此处表示"比环境更加敏感"故填more．
11． be eaten 考查动词，根据句意"百日菊可以被吃"，主语zinnias是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态can be+过去分词，故填be eaten．
12． to produce 考查动词，根据句意：它被设计用来生产食物，可知是不定式表目的，故填to produce．
12．【分析】本文主要讲述了青少年日常生活中遇到的一些烦恼，作者并给出了一些建议．
【解答】1． important．考查形容词．根据题意，如果你是家里唯一的孩子，你会是家里最重要的人．important 意为"重要的"，符合题意．故正确答案为"important"．
2．Parents． 考查名词．结合上文可知，父母是你在世界上最亲近的人．parent 意为"父母"，由 are 可知，主语为复数，放在句首，首字母大写．故正确答案为"Parents"
3．as．考查连词．和．．一样是固定表达as …as ，此句意思是：他们觉得他们不像以前那样接近父母．句中有一个as了，故此空填as．
4．a．考查冠词．句意是：一些学生抱怨他们的父母对他们说了很多话．许多是a lot of ，固定表达，故此空填a．
5．them．考查代词．句意是：一些学生抱怨他们的父母对他们说了很多话，但是从来没有听过他们的话，listen to them 听某人的话，此处用them代指父母们，故填them．．
6． but．考查连词．根据题意，"我"的父母不让我玩电脑游戏，但是其他的同学这么做．连词 but 意为"但是"，表示转折．故正确答案为"but"．
7．making． 考查动词．固定搭配 make phone calls 意为"打电话"．表示正在干某事，用现在进行时 be doing 的结构．make 的现在分词为 making．故正确答案为"making"．
8．unhappy． 考查形容词．结合下文 Some students even decide to leave home 可知，这些做法使他们非常不开心．unhappy 意为"不快乐的；不幸福的；不适当的"，符合题意．故正确答案为"unhappy"．
9． longer．考查形容词．根据题意，那时他们就会感到你不是一个小孩了．固定搭配 no longer 意为"不再"．故正确答案为"longer"．
10．If． 考查连词．根据句意，如果你按着这条建议，你就会有快乐的生活，不会再想着逃离了． if 意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句，放在句首，首字母大写．故正确答案为"If"．
13．【分析】本文是关于时间的短文．时间无形无声，看不见，听不到，但可数﹣﹣一年有365天；一日有24小时．时间一去不复返，所以请节约时间．
【解答】1．on 考查介词填空．根据Time is not the clock（闹钟）（1）your desk应该是你桌子上的闹钟，在..上用介词on，故答案是on．
2．see 考查动词填空．根据音标[si：] ，前面有can，后面要有动词原型，故答案是see看见．
3．three 考查数词填空．根据One year has （3）hundred and sixty﹣five days．一年有365天，所以要用数词，故答案是three．
4．hours 考查名词填空．根据One day has twenty﹣four 一天有24小时．分析句子成分可知，空格处为宾语，且被数词twenty﹣four修饰，应为名词复数．根据英语提示"One day"和"twenty﹣four"，确定填hours．hour为名词，意思是"小时"． twenty﹣four hours24小时．故填hours．
5．office 考查名词填空．根据空格处为介词in的宾语，它们一起构成状语．根据音标[??：f?s]． 提示，"办公室"为office．in the office在办公室，故答案是office．
6．our 考查代词填空．根据后面 friends朋友是名词，前面要用us形容词性物主代词，故答案是our我们的．
7．way 考查名词填空．根据We have no （7）to make time go back．后面说让时间倒流，应该是没有方法，no way＝not any way，意思是"没有任何办法" ，故答案是way．
8．flies 考查动词填空．根据Time（8）（fly）! 时间过得飞快．分"飞"为fly．本句陈述的是事实，即"日月如梭"，故用一般现在时．主语time为第三人称单数，动词fly用第三人称单数形式flies．，故答案是flies．
9．young 考查形容词填空．根据题干，要用形容词作表语，结合[j??]，应该是young年轻的．
10．save 考查动词填空．根据题干，try to do sth尽力做某事，后面time时光，应该是节约时间，故答案是save节约．
14．【分析】本文主要介绍了Florence Nightingale的经历，在医学方面的贡献以及对英国人民对她的态度．
【解答】1．an；考查冠词；根据语境‘Florence was an unusual young woman for her time佛罗伦萨是一个不同寻常的年轻女性．unusual 是以元音音素开头的单词，故用an．
2．didn't；考查助动词；根据语境Her family didn't want her to become because hospitals back then were dirty， horrible places．她的家人不想让她成为，因为当时医院是肮脏，可怕的地方． were 提醒我们用一般过去时态，故答案是didn't．
3．At；考查介词；根据语境At the age of thirty﹣one， Florence went to Germany and learned all about nursing三十一岁的时候，佛罗伦萨去了德国，学习了所有的护理知识．在某人多少岁时用介词at ，是固定用法．
4．but；考查连词；根据语境 It was hard work ，but she loved it．这工作很辛苦，但她很喜欢．表示转折用but．
5．were；考查be动词；根据语境 Army hospitals were filled with injured people， but there were no nurses and many soldiers died．军队医院里挤满了受伤的人，但没有护士和许多士兵死亡． hospitals 是复数，被动语态结构是be +动词过去分词，故答案是were．
6．cleaner；考查名词；根据语境 Florence worked 20hours a day to make the hospital a cleaner and safer place佛罗伦萨每天工作20小时，使医院更清洁更安全．根据后面safer 可知此空也应该用比较级，故答案是cleaner
7．men；考查名词；根据语境Soon， fewer men were dying不久，死亡的人就更少了few后面加可数名词复数，故答案是men．
8．to write；考查动词；根据语境At night， Florence talked to the injured soldiers and helped them to write letters to their families．晚上，佛罗伦萨和受伤的士兵交谈，帮助他们写信给他们的家人．帮助某人干某事help sb to do ，故答案是to writer．
9．because；考查连词；根据语境 They called her "the lady with the lamp"， because she always carried a lamp．他们称她为"带灯的女士"，因为她总是带着一盏灯．表示原因用because．
10．was given；考查动词；根据语境Shewas given the honor（荣誉）﹣Order of Merit， becoming the first woman to receive it．Shewas授予了荣誉勋章，成为第一个接受它的女性． 被动语态结构是be +动词过去分词，此处是过去时态，主语是单数，故答案是was given．
15．【分析】如果你有兄弟姐妹，你已经知道你们彼此不同．你们住在同一栋房子里，和父母住在一起，但是你们有不同的性格．这是为什么？一个可能的原因是你的父母对待你的方式．下文具体向我们进行了介绍．
【解答】1 different 考查形容词，根据首字母以及but you have，推测意思是但是你们有不同的性格．用形容词different作定语修饰后面的名词，故答案是different．
2 reason 考查名词，根据首字母以及Why is this？推测意思是一个可能的原因是你的父母对待你的方式．一个原因，用单数，故答案是reason．
3 parents 考查名词，根据首字母以及First﹣born children receive all the attention from their，推测意思是初生子女得到父母的全部关注．故答案是parents．
4 depend 考查动词，根据首字母以及to look after younger brothers and sisters．推测意思是并依赖他们照顾弟弟妹妹．时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，故答案是depend．
5 result 考查名词，根据首字母以及As a，考查短语as a result结果，故答案是result．
6 more 考查比较级，根据首字母以及than second or last﹣born children，推测意思是第一个出生的美国总统比第二个或最后一个出生的孩子多．than是比较级的标志，故答案是more．
7 arrives 考查动词，根据首字母以及When a second child，推测意思是当第二个孩子到来时，时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，故答案是arrives．
8 love 考查动词，根据首字母以及The second child has to compete with the first﹣born for the parents' attention，推测意思是第二个孩子必须与第一个孩子竞争，以引起父母的注意和爱戴．用不可数名词love，故答案是love．
9 hobbies 考查名词，根据首字母以及to do well at school and work，推测意思是这些孩子经常选择不同的运动和爱好来在学校和工作中做得很好．hobby是一个可数名词，这里用复数，故答案是hobbies．
10 born 考查动词，根据首字母以及Many famous talk﹣show hosts were，推测意思是许多著名的脱口秀主持人是最后出生的．考查短语be born，故答案是born．