专题十二 被动语态易考点
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知，动词的语态为中考的高频考点，主要在单项选择、词汇考查和按要求完成句子中考查。主要涉及一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态。考查方式分为选择型和填空型两种。
判断技巧一：在选择型试题中，一般会和时态相结合进行考查，考生在做题时可先分析选项，若选项里有两个被动语态的选项，则基本可判定本题就是考查被动语态，由此可排除主动语态的选项，再根据句意及给出的时间状语或已发生动作的时态选取对应的时态。
判断技巧二：(2)在填空型试题中，则需要考生先判断主语与谓语之间的逻辑关系，若主语是谓语动词所表示动作的承受者，则使用被动语态，相反则不用；然后再根据句子的时态选择对应的被动语态去填词。
考点剖析☆名师点拨
被动语态考点剖析一：把握动词类型,辨别被动与否
及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态
eg: We listen to the teacher carefully in class.
主 谓 宾
→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.
主 谓 介词短语
比较:
被动语态考点剖析二：初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况
1、系动词无被动
The dish tastes delicious. The apple smells sweet.
2、某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash, write, sell ,read
The play reads better than it acts.
This kind of cloth washes well. (耐洗)
“sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来…..” 作及物动词为“卖、出售”）
3、Need +V-ing “需要被….” My car needs repairing. 我的车需要修理
4、 Too…to句型 The box is too heavy to life.
5、不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place, belong to等
比较 rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
(对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week.
(对) The accident happened last week.
被动语态考点剖析三：双宾语的被动语态
有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）
（被动语态）
▲常带双宾语的词有：tell、show、 lend、 pass、give、buy等。
被动语态考点剖析四：to的“前世今生”
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）
She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：
一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。
see sb do sth（主动语态） sb be seen to do（被动语态）
一感
二听
三使（使役动词）
四看
feel
hear、listen to
make、let、have （马兰花）
see、watch、notice、observe
被动语态考点剖析五：系表结构PK被动语态
有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
eg:
（1）
??（2）
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018·广东省43.)Many shops in China to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018.
A. ordered B. didn’t order C. were ordered D. weren’t ordered
( )2. (2018·湘潭24.) Chinese _______ by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. speak C. speaking
( )3. (2018·河北34.) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays _______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
( )4. （2018·海南中考39.） Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ______ last spring.
A. planted B. were planted C. were planting
( )5. （2018菏泽23.） It is believed that tea ___ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.
brought B. was brought C. is brought
( )7. (2018·襄阳39.)—The Forum(论坛)on China-Africa Cooperation Meeting will take place in Beijing this year.
—Yes. I hear thousands of guests ______to the meeting then.
A. will be invited B. will invite C. are invited D. invite
( )8.（2018·桂林40.）If you use mobile phone while driving, you?______?by police.
A. are caught B. will catch C. will be caught
( )9.(2018·北京中考11.）A new international airport ______ in the city next year.
A.completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed
( )10. (2018福建A卷32.) Paper-making _____ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代).
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented
( )11.(2018·达州28.)—Final exam is coming,Tom.Don’t watch TV for too long.
—I’m not a child any more.I ______ what to do.
A.should always be told B.should always tell C.shouldn’t always be told D.shouldn’t always tell
( )12.(2018·达州31.)—I have a bad cold,mom.
—Oh,dear!You’d better ______ a doctor with me in a minute.
A.will see ???B.see ???C.not see ???D.seeing
( )13. (2018·南充26.)—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!
—Yes, many old trees and houses .
A. pull down B. were pulling down C. were pulled down D. pulled down
( )14. (2018·重庆A34.)The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ____in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
( )15. (2018·安徽44.)The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south.
A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected
( )16. (2018·南京7.) —Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
—Sure! It ________ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
( )17. (2018·临沂20.) Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.
A. supposed B. supposes C. was supposed D. is suppose
( )18. (2018成都中考40.)The opening of the 2018 Word Cup ______ in Russia this evening. So after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!
A. would be held B. is held C. will be held
( )19. 2018·德阳23.）The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. invent B.was invented C. is invented D. invented
( )20.(2018·乐山26.) — Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!
— Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.
A. was building B. was built C. has built
( )21.(2018·天津33.) Dr Bethune ____________ still_________ in both China and Canada today.
A. is; remembered B. is remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered
( )22.（2018·重庆B卷32.）—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura?
—It’s me. This photo _____ when I was five.
is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took
( )23. (2018·邵阳28.) _______ Wugang Airport _______ last year?
A. Did; build B. Had; built C. Was; built
( )24.(2018·长沙27.)British physicist Stephen Hawking, who_____ as the "'smartest man alive" , passed away in England on March 14, 2018.
A. praised B. was praised C. will be praised
考点延伸☆强化训练
( )1、（奉贤一模40题）—Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
—Yes, luckily no one ________.
A) Hurt B) was hurt C) were hurt D) has hurt
( )2、（虹口一模43题）Before the bridge ________, the local people had to reach the other side by ferry.
A) is built B) will be built C) was built D) has been built
( )3、（宝山一模37题）A lot of water ________ in Shanghai every year. It’s a big problem.
A) wastes B) is wasted C) have been wasted D) is wasting
( )4、（静安一模42题）Our next school sports meeting ________ in two months’ time.
A) will hold B) has held C) is held D) will be held
( )5、（闵行一模39题）Free Film tickets ____ to children in some cinemas in Shanghai on Children’s Day every year.
A) offer B) will offer C) are offered D) were offered
( )6、（闸北2014一模37题）The Trojan War ________by Helen and her beauty.
A）causes B）is caused C）caused D）was caused
( )7、（长宁一模39题）A lot of students in this university ________abroad as exchange students every year.
A) are sent B) were sent C) will send D) send
( )8、（杨浦一模44题）We will shorten the communicating time after the new bridge ________.
A)will complete B) completes C) will be completed D)is completely
9、（金山一模40题）The 22nd Winter Olympics will ________in Sochi early this year.
A) be held B) held C)hold D) being held
10、（金山二模45题）Xi Jinping ________president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in March, .
A) elect B) is elected C) elected D) was elected
11、（静安一模66题）We must think of a plot before we start to write a story (改为被动态)
A plot must __________ __________ of before we start to write a story.
12、（徐汇一模64题）Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show. (改为被动语态)
She __________ __________ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.
13、（普陀一模67题）The government will rebuild more old buildings in the coming years. (被动语态)
More old buildings will __________ __________ by the government in the coming years.
14、（虹口一模73题）Some shop owners use Christmas songs during the festive season to make us more careless with our money.(改为被动语态)
Christmas songs __________ __________to make us more careless with our money during the festive season.
（奉贤二模71题）Anna invited me to her birthday party last month. (改为被动语态)
I __________ __________ to Anna’s birthday party last month.
专题十二 被动语态易考点
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知，动词的语态为中考的高频考点，主要在单项选择、词汇考查和按要求完成句子中考查。主要涉及一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态。考查方式分为选择型和填空型两种。
判断技巧一：在选择型试题中，一般会和时态相结合进行考查，考生在做题时可先分析选项，若选项里有两个被动语态的选项，则基本可判定本题就是考查被动语态，由此可排除主动语态的选项，再根据句意及给出的时间状语或已发生动作的时态选取对应的时态。
判断技巧二：(2)在填空型试题中，则需要考生先判断主语与谓语之间的逻辑关系，若主语是谓语动词所表示动作的承受者，则使用被动语态，相反则不用；然后再根据句子的时态选择对应的被动语态去填词。
考点剖析☆名师点拨
被动语态考点剖析一：把握动词类型,辨别被动与否
及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态
eg: We listen to the teacher carefully in class.
主 谓 宾
→The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.
主 谓 介词短语
比较:
被动语态考点剖析二：初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况
1、系动词无被动
The dish tastes delicious. The apple smells sweet.
2、某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash, write, sell ,read
The play reads better than it acts.
This kind of cloth washes well. (耐洗)
“sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来…..” 作及物动词为“卖、出售”）
3、Need +V-ing “需要被….” My car needs repairing. 我的车需要修理
4、 Too…to句型 The box is too heavy to life.
5、不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place, belong to等
比较 rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
(对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week.
(对) The accident happened last week.
被动语态考点剖析三：双宾语的被动语态
有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）
（被动语态）
▲常带双宾语的词有：tell、show、 lend、 pass、give、buy等。
被动语态考点剖析四：to的“前世今生”
在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）
She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：
一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。
see sb do sth（主动语态） sb be seen to do（被动语态）
一感
二听
三使（使役动词）
四看
feel
hear、listen to
make、let、have （马兰花）
see、watch、notice、observe
被动语态考点剖析五：系表结构PK被动语态
有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
eg:
（1）
??（2）
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018·广东省43.)Many shops in China to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018.
A. ordered B. didn’t order C. were ordered D. weren’t ordered
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当一项新的反对象牙贸易的法律从2018年1月1日生效起，中国的许多商家被要求杜绝象牙贸易。本题中，语境意为“被要求”，故用被动语态，而as引导的时间状语为过去时，故主句的被动语态也要求用过去时。故选C。
【答案】C
( )2. (2018·湘潭24.) Chinese _______ by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. speak C. speaking
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：世界上越来越多的人说汉语。主语Chinese是动作的承受着，故应用被动语态，根据句意应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。
【答案】A
( )3. (2018·河北34.) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays _______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：看看那图片，最好的五部电视剧都列在其中。根据句意知，本句的主语the plays是动作list的承受者，应用被动语态表达，排除A、C两项；从语境知，这五部电视剧现在就出现在这个图片里，因此本句应用一般现在时态。故选B。
【答案】B
( )4. （2018·海南中考39.） Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ______ last spring.
A. planted B. were planted C. were planting
【解析】考查时态和语态。由时间状语last spring可知此处应用一般过去时；又因为tree是主语，是plant的承受者，故用被动语态。故选B。
【答案】B
( )5. （2018菏泽23.） It is believed that tea ___ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.
brought B. was brought C. is brought
【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：人们认为茶是在6和7世纪期间传到朝鲜和日本的。由时间during 6th and 7th centuries可推知用一般过去时，排除C；且句子强调动作承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态，选B。
【答案】B
( )7. (2018·襄阳39.)—The Forum(论坛)on China-Africa Cooperation Meeting will take place in Beijing this year.
—Yes. I hear thousands of guests ______to the meeting then.
A. will be invited B. will invite C. are invited D. invite
【解析】考场将来时的被动语态。——关于中非合作关系论坛会议今年将在北京举行。——是的，我听说成千上万名客人将被邀请到会。由will take place可知，会议还未举行，guest与invite之间存在被动关系。所以考查将来时的被动。故选A。
【答案】A
( )8.（2018·桂林40.）If you use mobile phone while driving, you?______?by police.
A. are caught B. will catch C. will be caught
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：开车时，如果你使用手机，你会被警察逮住。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中，如果从句用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时，结合句中by police可知要用被动语态，故选C。
【答案】C
( )9.(2018·北京中考11.）A new international airport ______ in the city next year.
A.completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed
【解析】考查被动语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系，应该使用被动语态；根据句中时间状语next year判断使用一般将来时。故选D。
【答案】D
( )10. (2018福建A卷32.) Paper-making _____ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代).
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：中国在西汉时发明了造纸术。造纸术是在过去被发明的，因此应用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为：was/were+done，。故选C。
【答案】C
( )11.(2018·达州28.)—Final exam is coming,Tom.Don’t watch TV for too long.
—I’m not a child any more.I ______ what to do.
A.should always be told B.should always tell C.shouldn’t always be told D.shouldn’t always tell
【解析】考查动词语态辨析。句意：——汤姆，快期末考试了。不要长时间看电视。——我不再是个孩子。不用经常告诉我应该做什么。由句意知，答语中的主语I是动词tell的承受者，应用被动语态表达，排除B、D；从句意知，这里讲的是不应该，应用否定表达，排除A。故选C。
【答案】C
( )12.(2018·达州31.)—I have a bad cold,mom.
—Oh,dear!You’d better ______ a doctor with me in a minute.
A.will see ???B.see ???C.not see ???D.seeing
【解析】考查动词语态的用法。句意：——妈妈，我得了重感冒。——哦，亲爱的。你最好马上跟我去看医生。had better(not) do是固定用法，从句意知，这里应是see，故选B。
【答案】B
( )13. (2018·南充26.)—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!
—Yes, many old trees and houses .
A. pull down B. were pulling down C. were pulled down D. pulled down
【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：—昨晚的暴风雨是多么可怕啊！—是的，许多老树和老房子都被摧毁了。选项A是主动，一般现在时；选项B是主动，过去进行时；选项C被动，一般过去时；选项D主动，一般过去时。根据句中的“last night”可知是一般过去时态；树和房子的摧毁是由暴风雨造成的，它们之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选C。
【答案】C
( )14. (2018·重庆A34.)The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ____in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：2022冬季奥林匹克运动会将在中国举行，我相信将会获得很大成功。根据句中的2022，可知该题是一般将来时；其次Winter Olympic Games与hold之间是被动关系，因此本题是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
【答案】D
( )15. (2018·安徽44.)The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south.
A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected
【解析】考查动词语态辨析。句意：这个天气预报员说，预计今天下午在南方有阵雨。从句意知，宾语从句的主语a rain shower是动作expect的承受者，应用被动语态，排除A、B；从语境知，本句说的是现在对天气的预测，应用一般现在时态表达。故选C。
【答案】C
( )16. (2018·南京7.) —Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
—Sure! It ________ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意： —西门，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？—当然，风筝是在2000多年前墨子发明的。根据后面的“by”及句意可知此处应用被动语态；又根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
【答案】C
( )17. (2018·临沂20.) Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.
A. supposed B. supposes C. was supposed D. is suppose
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：詹妮昨天晚上应该打电话给我的，但她没有。be supposed to意为“应该；被期望”。由下文语境“她没打电话”可知是“应该”，应用be supposed to do sth；其次根据句中的last night，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
【答案】C
( )18. (2018成都中考40.)The opening of the 2018 Word Cup ______ in Russia this evening. So after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!
A. would be held B. is held C. will be held
【解析】此题考查时态和被动语态。句中“after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!”提示this evening还没有到来，所以要用将来时，只有C满足时态要求;再看动词与主语之间的关系，动词为hold,主语为the 2018 World Cup，根据句意理解世界杯是被举办的，所以在满足时态的基础上还要满足被动语态要求，故选C。
【答案】C
( )19. 2018·德阳23.）The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. invent B.was invented C. is invented D. invented
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：电话是在1876年被亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的。主语telephone和动词invent存在被动关系，时间状语in 1876提示用一般过去时，故用一般过去时态的被动语态。选B。
( )20.(2018·乐山26.) — Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!
— Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.
A. was building B. was built C. has built
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：— 看，多么古老的桥！它看起来如此特别！— 是的，它差不多是500年前建造的。句中主语it与谓语动词build是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选B。
【答案】B
( )21.(2018·天津33.) Dr Bethune ____________ still_________ in both China and Canada today.
A. is; remembered B. is remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民纪念。根据句意可知本句须用一般现在的被动语态，须用 is remembered。故选A。
【答案】A
( )22.（2018·重庆B卷32.）—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura?
—It’s me. This photo _____ when I was five.
is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：——劳拉，照片中的小女孩是谁？——是我，这照片是在我五岁的时候拍的。这里主语”phone”是动作对象，所以要用被动语态，根据”when I was five”，可知句子应用过去时态，故选C。
【答案】C
( )23. (2018·邵阳28.) _______ Wugang Airport _______ last year?
A. Did; build B. Had; built C. Was; built
【解析】考查被动语态。主语Wugang Airport是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时。故选C。
【答案】C
( )24.(2018·长沙27.)British physicist Stephen Hawking, who_____ as the "'smartest man alive" , passed away in England on March 14, 2018.
A. praised B. was praised C. will be praised
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金被誉为在世的最聪明的人,于2018年3月14日在英格兰逝世。根据句意是在"过去被誉为"，可知选一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
【答案】B
考点延伸☆强化训练
( )1、（奉贤一模40题）—Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
—Yes, luckily no one ________.
A) Hurt B) was hurt C) were hurt D) has hurt
( )2、（虹口一模43题）Before the bridge ________, the local people had to reach the other side by ferry.
A) is built B) will be built C) was built D) has been built
( )3、（宝山一模37题）A lot of water ________ in Shanghai every year. It’s a big problem.
A) wastes B) is wasted C) have been wasted D) is wasting
( )4、（静安一模42题）Our next school sports meeting ________ in two months’ time.
A) will hold B) has held C) is held D) will be held
( )5、（闵行一模39题）Free Film tickets ____ to children in some cinemas in Shanghai on Children’s Day every year.
A) offer B) will offer C) are offered D) were offered
( )6、（闸北2014一模37题）The Trojan War ________by Helen and her beauty.
A）causes B）is caused C）caused D）was caused
( )7、（长宁一模39题）A lot of students in this university ________abroad as exchange students every year.
A) are sent B) were sent C) will send D) send
( )8、（杨浦一模44题）We will shorten the communicating time after the new bridge ________.
A)will complete B) completes C) will be completed D)is completely
9、（金山一模40题）The 22nd Winter Olympics will ________in Sochi early this year.
A) be held B) held C)hold D) being held
10、（金山二模45题）Xi Jinping ________president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in March, .
A) elect B) is elected C) elected D) was elected
11、（静安一模66题）We must think of a plot before we start to write a story (改为被动态)
A plot must __________ __________ of before we start to write a story.
12、（徐汇一模64题）Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show. (改为被动语态)
She __________ __________ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.
13、（普陀一模67题）The government will rebuild more old buildings in the coming years. (被动语态)
More old buildings will __________ __________ by the government in the coming years.
14、（虹口一模73题）Some shop owners use Christmas songs during the festive season to make us more careless with our money.(改为被动语态)
Christmas songs __________ __________to make us more careless with our money during the festive season.
（奉贤二模71题）Anna invited me to her birthday party last month. (改为被动语态)
I __________ __________ to Anna’s birthday party last month.
参考答案：
1、B 2、C 3、B 4、D 5、C 6、D 7、A 8、D 9、A 10、D
11、be thought 12、has been 13、be rebuilt 14、 are used 15、was invited
