2019英语高考《定语从句》考点讲解
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定语从句
一、关系代词和关系副词指物which/that,?指人who?/whom/that.作宾语时可省略。
*只用that的情形：先行词是不定代词，先行词被最高级修饰，先行词被序数词修饰，先行词既包括人又包括物。?
关系副词when/where/why在从句中做状语，可用相应介词加关系代词替换。
二、判断先行词在从句中到底是做状语还是主、宾语?
I’ll?always?remember?the?time?(which/that)?we?spent?together.? I’ll?always?remember?the?time?when/during which?I?stayed?on?that?farm.
This?is?the?hospital?which/that?was?built?5years?ago.? This?is?the?hospital?where/in?which?my?sister?works.?
This?is?the?reason?why/for?which?he?was?late.? This?is?the?reason?(that/which)?he?referred?to?in?his?report.?
三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句?
1.非限制性定语从句起补充信息、解释说明的作用。指人只用who、whom，指物只用which,都不用that。?
2.非限制性定语从句形成条件：先行词已经很具体明确；主句说整体，从句补充说其中部分的情况；先行词是一个陈述句表明一种情况，从句阐述其结果；whose的替换，先行词和从句的主语是所属关系，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)。?
Our?head?teacher?is?Mr.?Wang,?who?is?popular?among?the?students.?
=?Our?head?teacher?is?Mr.?Wang?and?he?is?popular?among?the?students.??
I?bought?two?dozen?eggs?last?week,?two?of?which?have?gone?bad.?
=?I?bought?two?dozen?eggs?last?week,?but?two?of?them?have?gone?bad.??
Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?which?made?her?very?upset.?
=?Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?and?it?made?her?very?upset.??
=?Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?making?her?very?upset.?
=?What?made?her?very?upset?is?that?her?pet?dog?died?yesterday.??
=?That?her?pet?dog?died?yesterday?made?her?very?upset.?
四、as?和which?引导的定语从句?
1.位置：as?引导的定语从句可置于句首、句中、句末，which?引导的定语从句只能置于主句后；?
2.意义：as引导的定语从句表示“正如、就像……”；?
3.搭配：先行词前有such,?as,?the?same等词语，用as?引导定语从句。?
4.常用句型：
as?is?often?the?case,?as?is?the?case?of?sb,??as?is?well?known,?as?we?all?know,as?is?reported,?as?is?mentioned?above,?as?it?happened?
5.比较：It?is?reported?that?
It?is?well?known?that
It?so?happened?that?
五、such…that和such…as…
Jack?is?such?a?clever?boy?as?we?all?like.?
Jack?is?such?a?clever?boy?that?we?all?like?him.?
六、先行词是the?way,?在从句中做状语，用in?which/?that/或省略引导词?
在从句中做主、宾语，用which/?that?引导定语从句
Please?show?me?the?way?(in?which/that)?you?did?the?experiment.?
I?can’t?remember?clearly?the?way?he?told?me.?
七、表示所属关系的定语从句，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)?
That?man?over?there?is?Mr.?Green,?whose?daughter?is?working?in?our?school.?
=?That?man?over?there?is?Mr.?Green,?the?daughter?of?whom?is?working?in?our?school.?
He?works?in?a?department?whose?head?is?a?young?woman.?
=?He?works?in?a?department?the?head?of?which?is?a?young?woman.?
八、the?case/point/situation/stage后的定语从句，做状语，用where引导，做主语、宾语，用?which/?that引导
After?she?graduated?from?school,?she?has?got?into?a?point?where?she?has?to?find?a?job.?
occasion做状语，用when/on?which?
九、判定从句类别
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?a?place?which?is?near?the?lake.?
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?a?place?where?the?transport?is?very?convenient.?
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?where?the?environment?is?very?good.They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?what?used?to?be?an?old?factory.?
十、定语从句+强调句?
It?was?on?the?farm?where?they?used?to?work?together?that?they?fell?in?love?with?each?other.?
It?is?8:00?__we?begin?our?class?every?morning.??
It?is?at?8:00?___?we?begin?our?class?every?morning.?
十一、定语从句和同位语从句? ???
同位语从句阐述先行词的内容，只用that引导?
They?were?glad?to?hear?the?news?that?a?new?school?will?be?built?to?hold?more?students.(同位语从句)?
They?were?discussing?the?plan?which/that?they?made?last?week.（定语从句）。十二、定语从句中主谓语一致?
He?was?one?of?the?teachers?who?were?invited?to?the?party.? ???
He?was?the?only?one?of?the?teachers?who?was?invited?to?the?party.?
十三、定语从句和并列句、单句?
I?saw?some?trees,?and?the?leaves?of?them?were?black?with?disease.?
-----I?saw?some?trees,?the?leaves?of?which?were?black?with?disease.
2.?The?professor?is?an?ordinary-looking?little?man,on?the?nose?of?whom?there?is?a?pair?of?glasses.?
3.The?World?Trade?Organization?(WTO)?finally?opened?its?door?to?China?on?November?10,ending a?15-year?wait.?
十四、定语从句中的时态?
This?is?the?most?exciting?football?match?that?I?have?ever?seen.?
It?is?the?third?time?that?you?have?been?late?this?week.?
十五、
The?reason?why/that?he?didn’t?attend?the?meeting?was?that?his?mother?wasseriously?ill.?
十六、 Is?this?factory?the?one?（which/that）we?saw?in?the?picture.定语从句没有先行词?
特指/唯一对象时用the?one,泛指用one。?
Leifeng?is?a?very?kind?person,?one?who?is?always?ready?to?help?others.?
Ask?the?boy?to?come?to?my?office?,?the?one?who?broke?the?window.?
Is?this?the?factory(which/that)we?saw?in?the?picture.定语从句省略关系代词。
十七、He?/one/anyone?/those?who/that…=whoever…
He?who?doesn’t?reach?the?Great?Wall?is?not?a?true?man.?
Whoever?cuts?down?a?young?tree?must?plant?a?new?one.?
Those?who从句中谓语用复数。?
十八、介词加关系代词引导定语从句?????
1.代替when/where/why。?
2.从句中的谓语是不及物动词，需要加介词才可以接宾语。
Do?you?know?the?man?with?whom?Mr.?Li?is?talking??
3.先行词和从句中的介词形成介宾结构。?
The?police?has?found?the?knife?with?which?he?killed?the?victim.?
4.定语从句是数词或表示数量的代词+?of?which/whom。
He?invited?20?guests?to?his?party,?some?of?whom?didn’t?come.??
5.定语从句中是the?+?最高级+of?which/whom的结构。?
There?are?many?rivers?in?China,?the?longest?of?which?is?the?Chang?Jiang?river.
6.替代whose?引导的定语从句。先行词和从句的主语是所属关系，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)。
一、关系代词和关系副词指物which/that,?指人who?/whom/that.作宾语时可省略。
*只用that的情形：先行词是不定代词，先行词被最高级修饰，先行词被序数词修饰，先行词既包括人又包括物。?
关系副词when/where/why在从句中做状语，可用相应介词加关系代词替换。
二、判断先行词在从句中到底是做状语还是主、宾语?
I’ll?always?remember?the?time?(which/that)?we?spent?together.? I’ll?always?remember?the?time?when/during which?I?stayed?on?that?farm.
This?is?the?hospital?which/that?was?built?5years?ago.? This?is?the?hospital?where/in?which?my?sister?works.?
This?is?the?reason?why/for?which?he?was?late.? This?is?the?reason?(that/which)?he?referred?to?in?his?report.?
三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句?
1.非限制性定语从句起补充信息、解释说明的作用。指人只用who、whom，指物只用which,都不用that。?
2.非限制性定语从句形成条件：先行词已经很具体明确；主句说整体，从句补充说其中部分的情况；先行词是一个陈述句表明一种情况，从句阐述其结果；whose的替换，先行词和从句的主语是所属关系，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)。?
Our?head?teacher?is?Mr.?Wang,?who?is?popular?among?the?students.?
=?Our?head?teacher?is?Mr.?Wang?and?he?is?popular?among?the?students.??
I?bought?two?dozen?eggs?last?week,?two?of?which?have?gone?bad.?
=?I?bought?two?dozen?eggs?last?week,?but?two?of?them?have?gone?bad.??
Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?which?made?her?very?upset.?
=?Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?and?it?made?her?very?upset.??
=?Her?pet?dog?died?yesterday,?making?her?very?upset.?
=?What?made?her?very?upset?is?that?her?pet?dog?died?yesterday.??
=?That?her?pet?dog?died?yesterday?made?her?very?upset.?
四、as?和which?引导的定语从句?
1.位置：as?引导的定语从句可置于句首、句中、句末，which?引导的定语从句只能置于主句后；?
2.意义：as引导的定语从句表示“正如、就像……”；?
3.搭配：先行词前有such,?as,?the?same等词语，用as?引导定语从句。?
4.常用句型：
as?is?often?the?case,?as?is?the?case?of?sb,??as?is?well?known,?as?we?all?know,as?is?reported,?as?is?mentioned?above,?as?it?happened?
5.比较：It?is?reported?that?
It?is?well?known?that
It?so?happened?that?
五、such…that和such…as…
Jack?is?such?a?clever?boy?as?we?all?like.?
Jack?is?such?a?clever?boy?that?we?all?like?him.?
六、先行词是the?way,?在从句中做状语，用in?which/?that/或省略引导词?
在从句中做主、宾语，用which/?that?引导定语从句
Please?show?me?the?way?(in?which/that)?you?did?the?experiment.?
I?can’t?remember?clearly?the?way?he?told?me.?
七、表示所属关系的定语从句，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)?
That?man?over?there?is?Mr.?Green,?whose?daughter?is?working?in?our?school.?
=?That?man?over?there?is?Mr.?Green,?the?daughter?of?whom?is?working?in?our?school.?
He?works?in?a?department?whose?head?is?a?young?woman.?
=?He?works?in?a?department?the?head?of?which?is?a?young?woman.?
八、the?case/point/situation/stage后的定语从句，做状语，用where引导，做主语、宾语，用?which/?that引导
After?she?graduated?from?school,?she?has?got?into?a?point?where?she?has?to?find?a?job.?
occasion做状语，用when/on?which?
九、判定从句类别
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?a?place?which?is?near?the?lake.?
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?a?place?where?the?transport?is?very?convenient.?
They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?where?the?environment?is?very?good.They?decided?to?build?a?new?school?in?what?used?to?be?an?old?factory.?
十、定语从句+强调句?
It?was?on?the?farm?where?they?used?to?work?together?that?they?fell?in?love?with?each?other.?
It?is?8:00?__we?begin?our?class?every?morning.??
It?is?at?8:00?___?we?begin?our?class?every?morning.?
十一、定语从句和同位语从句? ???
同位语从句阐述先行词的内容，只用that引导?
They?were?glad?to?hear?the?news?that?a?new?school?will?be?built?to?hold?more?students.(同位语从句)?
They?were?discussing?the?plan?which/that?they?made?last?week.（定语从句）。十二、定语从句中主谓语一致?
He?was?one?of?the?teachers?who?were?invited?to?the?party.? ???
He?was?the?only?one?of?the?teachers?who?was?invited?to?the?party.?
十三、定语从句和并列句、单句?
I?saw?some?trees,?and?the?leaves?of?them?were?black?with?disease.?
-----I?saw?some?trees,?the?leaves?of?which?were?black?with?disease.
2.?The?professor?is?an?ordinary-looking?little?man,on?the?nose?of?whom?there?is?a?pair?of?glasses.?
3.The?World?Trade?Organization?(WTO)?finally?opened?its?door?to?China?on?November?10,ending a?15-year?wait.?
十四、定语从句中的时态?
This?is?the?most?exciting?football?match?that?I?have?ever?seen.?
It?is?the?third?time?that?you?have?been?late?this?week.?
十五、
The?reason?why/that?he?didn’t?attend?the?meeting?was?that?his?mother?wasseriously?ill.?
十六、 Is?this?factory?the?one?（which/that）we?saw?in?the?picture.定语从句没有先行词?
特指/唯一对象时用the?one,泛指用one。?
Leifeng?is?a?very?kind?person,?one?who?is?always?ready?to?help?others.?
Ask?the?boy?to?come?to?my?office?,?the?one?who?broke?the?window.?
Is?this?the?factory(which/that)we?saw?in?the?picture.定语从句省略关系代词。
十七、He?/one/anyone?/those?who/that…=whoever…
He?who?doesn’t?reach?the?Great?Wall?is?not?a?true?man.?
Whoever?cuts?down?a?young?tree?must?plant?a?new?one.?
Those?who从句中谓语用复数。?
十八、介词加关系代词引导定语从句?????
1.代替when/where/why。?
2.从句中的谓语是不及物动词，需要加介词才可以接宾语。
Do?you?know?the?man?with?whom?Mr.?Li?is?talking??
3.先行词和从句中的介词形成介宾结构。?
The?police?has?found?the?knife?with?which?he?killed?the?victim.?
4.定语从句是数词或表示数量的代词+?of?which/whom。
He?invited?20?guests?to?his?party,?some?of?whom?didn’t?come.??
5.定语从句中是the?+?最高级+of?which/whom的结构。?
There?are?many?rivers?in?China,?the?longest?of?which?is?the?Chang?Jiang?river.
6.替代whose?引导的定语从句。先行词和从句的主语是所属关系，用whose?引导，或替换为the?名词?of?which(先行词指物)，the?名词?of?whom(先行词指人)。