专题十八 反意疑问句的特殊用法
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知,反意疑问句在中考英语中也是一个常考的知识点,几乎每年的中考都有对反意疑问句不同角度的考查。
高频考点一:一、反意疑问句的概念和结构
概念:由陈述句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述之事
Tom studies hard, doesn’t he?
结构:陈述句 + 简短附加问句(反意) 陈述部分 + 反意疑问部分
高频考点二:反意疑问部分的变化
1.将陈述部分变成一般疑问句,并提取出 be 动词或助动词和主语
Is Fan Bingbing beautiful? → Is Fan Bingbing?
2.反意:(动词)前肯后否,前否后肯Isn’t Fan Bingbing?
3.主语:用相应的人称代词代替Isn’t she?
做题方法:
1.找准提问动词(be/助)→ 前肯后否,前否后肯
2.找出主语→ 变成人称代词
Lily and Lucy don’t like football, ? Allen visited his aunt yesterday, ?
高频考点三:反意疑问句的回答
不论问题的提法如何,回答要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的,就用 yes;若是否定的,就用 no。
—Fan Bingbing is beautiful, isn’t she?
—Yes, she is. (Yes, she is beautiful.)
高频考点四:四反意疑问句的特殊用法
1.当陈述部分为 “There be” 结构时,反意疑问部分要用
“be(not) there”
There is some soup on the table, ? There aren’t any books on the desk, ?
There was a bridge over the river, ? There wasn’t a meeting yesterday, ?
2.当陈述部分主语为指示代词 this/that 时,反意疑问部分的主语
要用 it
当陈述部分主语为指示代词 those/these 时,反意疑问部分的主语要用 they
This is his pen, ? That isn’t my coat, ?
These are your books, ? Those cost me ten dollars, ?
3.当陈述部分为 I am 形式时,反意疑问部分要用 aren’t I
I am a good student, ? I am right, ?
I am washing my clothes, ?
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:反意疑问句的构成
反意疑问句是由一个陈述部分和一个附加在其后的疑问部分组成。组成的原则是:肯定+否定?或否定+肯定?即:陈述部分谓语动词用肯定的,则其后附加疑问部分的助词用否定的;反之,陈述部分的谓语动词用否定的,则疑问部分的助词就不使用否定了。
附加疑问部分是对陈述部分所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用。一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”。
如:You can’t do it, can you? / They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
高频考点剖析二:反意疑问句的疑问部分构成
附加疑问部分是由助词和主语构成。
①当反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语动词含情态动词、助动词以及构成各种时态的助词时(以下把这三类动词均称为助词),附加疑问部分的助词直接可以引用它们;反之,陈述部分没有这类助词时,疑问部分的助词需要添加助动词代替,且添加的助动词时态、单复数要与陈述部分保持一致。
如:They have known the matter, haven’t they? / They will go to the town soon, won’t they?
He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (本句中has的意思是“吃”,本句不含上述三类助词,所以,附加疑问的助词要用助动词代替)
He works very hard, doesn’t he?
②附加疑问部分的主语必须用与陈述部分主语一致的人称主格代词。即,当陈述部分的主语是人称主格代词时,疑问部分的主语就直接引用它;当陈述部分的主语不是人称主格代词时,疑问部分的主语应依据充当陈述部分主语这个词语的单复数,性别而使用相应的人称主格代词。如:The father has gone to the bank, hasn’t he?
高频考点剖析三:反意疑问句特例高频考点
1.反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-,im-,in-,dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定的,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:
2.反意疑问句的陈述部分含有no, none, neither, rarely, little, few, never, hardly, seldom,
3.陈述部分为I am…时,疑问部分习惯用aren’t I?表示。
如:I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
4.反意疑问句的陈述部分为I/We+ think (believe, suppose, consider, expect, am afraid,
imagine, feel, hear, say, guess)+that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语要与that从句内的谓语动词和主语保持一致。如:
I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不能用don’t we ?)
②.反意疑问句的陈述部分为“非第一人称主语”+ think (believe,suppose,consider)+ that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语要与主句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They all think that English is very important, don’t they?
③.反意疑问句的陈述部分为:主语+said(told, reported,asked..)+that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语与陈述部分的动词和主语保持一致。如:
④. 反意疑问句的陈述部分是并列复合句时,其后的疑问部分的助词和主语应与相近的分句的谓语和主语相一致。如:
5.①反意疑问句的陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything,nothing,everything时,疑问部分的主语用it.
②反意疑问句的陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone, no one, everybody, everyone时,疑问部分的主语用he或they. 此时疑问部分的助词的数应与he 或they保持一致。(注:一般用they代替)如:
③陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,其后的疑问部分的主语一般用one.
6.反意疑问句的陈述部分为祈使句时,其后的疑问部分一般用will you?或won’t you?
若陈述部分为否定的祈使句时,疑问部分一般用will you? 如:Don’t make any noise, will you?
特别地,
①反意疑问句的陈述部分为Let me…时,疑问部分习惯上用shall I ?或者will you ?
如:Let me have a try, shall I? (will you?)
②.反意疑问句的疑问部分为Let us…时,疑问部分习惯上用will you?
如:Let us stop to rest, will you?
③反意疑问句的疑问部分为let’s…时, 疑问部分习惯上用shall we?
如:Let’s go home together, shall we?
7.陈述部分为“There(Here)+be/live+主语”时, 疑问部分用be+there(here)?形式。如:
8.①陈述部分用had better+原形动词,表示建议时,疑问部分用hadn’t+主语?形式。如:
②陈述部分含would rather+原形动词,表示建议时,疑问部分用wouldn’t+主语?形式
③陈述部分含You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语?形式。如:
9.陈述部分用used to时,疑问部分用didn’t +主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式。如:
10.①如果陈述部分含有情态动词must,其意义表示“必须、必要”时,疑问部分的助词用mustn’t或needn’t. ②如果must的含意表示“一定是、想必”等表示推测意义时 ,其后的反意疑问句的助词要与must后的动词相应形式。如:He must be ill, isn’t he?
③当陈述部分含有have/has/had to,疑问部分的助词用do的相应形式。如:
④陈述部分含must(may,might)+have+v.pp表示推测时,若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语,疑问部分用现在完成时的形式。若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语,疑问部分用过去时形式如:
Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they?
11.陈述部分的主语为动词不定式、动名词或从句时,其后疑问部分的主语一般用it代替。
如:What he said is true, isn’t it?
12.①如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that时,其后的疑问部分主语用it; 如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these,those时,陈述部分的主语是指示代词they.
②感叹句后的反意疑问句,助词用be的一般现在时,主语根据内容而定。如:
What colours, aren't they? / What a smell, isn't it?
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018宿迁)—There is a beautiful park near your school, ________?
—Yes. I often go walking there.
A. is there B. isn't there C. are there D. aren't there
( )2. (2018永州)David never fights with his classmates, ________?
A. does he B. doesn't he C. isn't he
( )3. (2018安顺)He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, ________?
is he B. isn't he C. can't he D. can he
考点延伸☆强化训练
( )1. —Hi, Sam. Your mother’s busy these days, ?
—Yes. But she says she’ll be free soon.
A.has she B. is she C. hasn’t she D. isn’t she
( )2. —Li Mei usually helps others, ?
—Yes, she is kind-hearted.
A. does she B. is she C. doesn’t she D. isn’t she
( )3. Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ?
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. haven’t she
( )4. The town government set up(建立) a new modern hospital for the farmers, ?
A. does it B. doesn’t it C. did it D. didn’t it
( )5. Lily has to go back, ?
A. doesn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. hasn’t she
( )6. Tom can’t watch TV now, ?
A. can he B. can’t he C. does he D. doesn’t he
( )7. —You come from England, don’t you? . How do you know that?
A. No, I don’t B. No, I do C. Yes, I am D. Yes, I do
( )8. —You don’t come from England, do you?
I come from America. How do you know that?
A. No, I do B. Yes, I do C. Yes, I don’t D. No, I don’t
( )9. —Sam didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?
He was ill yesterday.
A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didn’t D. Yes, he didn’t
( )10. —Sam didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?
Though(尽管) he was not feeling very well.
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did C. No, he did D. Yes, he didn’t
( )11. —You didn’t go to Beihai Park, did you? .
I hope I will(将要) go there again.
A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn’t C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn’t
( )12. —Millions of people know about Susan Boyle now, ?
she becomes well-known(著名的) because of her success on Britain’s Got Talent.
A. do they; No B. do they; Yes C. don’t they; No D. don’t they; Yes
( )13. There are two libraries in this city, _?
A. aren’t there B. aren’t they C. are two D. is there
( )14. There was an accident yesterday, ?
A. was it B. wasn’t it C. was there D. wasn’t there
( )15. That is her English teacher, ?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. is that D. isn’t that
( )16. I am the first one to come here, ?
A. am I B. am not I C. aren’t I D. isn’t I
专题十八 反意疑问句的特殊用法
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知,反意疑问句在中考英语中也是一个常考的知识点,几乎每年的中考都有对反意疑问句不同角度的考查。
高频考点一:一、反意疑问句的概念和结构
概念:由陈述句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述之事
Tom studies hard, doesn’t he?
结构:陈述句 + 简短附加问句(反意) 陈述部分 + 反意疑问部分
高频考点二:反意疑问部分的变化
1.将陈述部分变成一般疑问句,并提取出 be 动词或助动词和主语
Is Fan Bingbing beautiful? → Is Fan Bingbing?
2.反意:(动词)前肯后否,前否后肯Isn’t Fan Bingbing?
3.主语:用相应的人称代词代替Isn’t she?
做题方法:
1.找准提问动词(be/助)→ 前肯后否,前否后肯
2.找出主语→ 变成人称代词
Lily and Lucy don’t like football, ? Allen visited his aunt yesterday, ?
高频考点三:反意疑问句的回答
不论问题的提法如何,回答要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的,就用 yes;若是否定的,就用 no。
—Fan Bingbing is beautiful, isn’t she?
—Yes, she is. (Yes, she is beautiful.)
高频考点四:四反意疑问句的特殊用法
1.当陈述部分为 “There be” 结构时,反意疑问部分要用
“be(not) there”
There is some soup on the table, ? There aren’t any books on the desk, ?
There was a bridge over the river, ? There wasn’t a meeting yesterday, ?
2.当陈述部分主语为指示代词 this/that 时,反意疑问部分的主语
要用 it
当陈述部分主语为指示代词 those/these 时,反意疑问部分的主语要用 they
This is his pen, ? That isn’t my coat, ?
These are your books, ? Those cost me ten dollars, ?
3.当陈述部分为 I am 形式时,反意疑问部分要用 aren’t I
I am a good student, ? I am right, ?
I am washing my clothes, ?
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:反意疑问句的构成
反意疑问句是由一个陈述部分和一个附加在其后的疑问部分组成。组成的原则是:肯定+否定?或否定+肯定?即:陈述部分谓语动词用肯定的,则其后附加疑问部分的助词用否定的;反之,陈述部分的谓语动词用否定的,则疑问部分的助词就不使用否定了。
附加疑问部分是对陈述部分所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用。一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”。
如:You can’t do it, can you? / They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
高频考点剖析二:反意疑问句的疑问部分构成
附加疑问部分是由助词和主语构成。
①当反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语动词含情态动词、助动词以及构成各种时态的助词时(以下把这三类动词均称为助词),附加疑问部分的助词直接可以引用它们;反之,陈述部分没有这类助词时,疑问部分的助词需要添加助动词代替,且添加的助动词时态、单复数要与陈述部分保持一致。
如:They have known the matter, haven’t they? / They will go to the town soon, won’t they?
He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (本句中has的意思是“吃”,本句不含上述三类助词,所以,附加疑问的助词要用助动词代替)
He works very hard, doesn’t he?
②附加疑问部分的主语必须用与陈述部分主语一致的人称主格代词。即,当陈述部分的主语是人称主格代词时,疑问部分的主语就直接引用它;当陈述部分的主语不是人称主格代词时,疑问部分的主语应依据充当陈述部分主语这个词语的单复数,性别而使用相应的人称主格代词。如:The father has gone to the bank, hasn’t he?
高频考点剖析三:反意疑问句特例高频考点
1.反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-,im-,in-,dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定的,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:
2.反意疑问句的陈述部分含有no, none, neither, rarely, little, few, never, hardly, seldom,
3.陈述部分为I am…时,疑问部分习惯用aren’t I?表示。
如:I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
4.反意疑问句的陈述部分为I/We+ think (believe, suppose, consider, expect, am afraid,
imagine, feel, hear, say, guess)+that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语要与that从句内的谓语动词和主语保持一致。如:
I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不能用don’t we ?)
②.反意疑问句的陈述部分为“非第一人称主语”+ think (believe,suppose,consider)+ that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语要与主句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They all think that English is very important, don’t they?
③.反意疑问句的陈述部分为:主语+said(told, reported,asked..)+that从句时,疑问部分的助词和主语与陈述部分的动词和主语保持一致。如:
④. 反意疑问句的陈述部分是并列复合句时,其后的疑问部分的助词和主语应与相近的分句的谓语和主语相一致。如:
5.①反意疑问句的陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything,nothing,everything时,疑问部分的主语用it.
②反意疑问句的陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone, no one, everybody, everyone时,疑问部分的主语用he或they. 此时疑问部分的助词的数应与he 或they保持一致。(注:一般用they代替)如:
③陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,其后的疑问部分的主语一般用one.
6.反意疑问句的陈述部分为祈使句时,其后的疑问部分一般用will you?或won’t you?
若陈述部分为否定的祈使句时,疑问部分一般用will you? 如:Don’t make any noise, will you?
特别地,
①反意疑问句的陈述部分为Let me…时,疑问部分习惯上用shall I ?或者will you ?
如:Let me have a try, shall I? (will you?)
②.反意疑问句的疑问部分为Let us…时,疑问部分习惯上用will you?
如:Let us stop to rest, will you?
③反意疑问句的疑问部分为let’s…时, 疑问部分习惯上用shall we?
如:Let’s go home together, shall we?
7.陈述部分为“There(Here)+be/live+主语”时, 疑问部分用be+there(here)?形式。如:
8.①陈述部分用had better+原形动词,表示建议时,疑问部分用hadn’t+主语?形式。如:
②陈述部分含would rather+原形动词,表示建议时,疑问部分用wouldn’t+主语?形式
③陈述部分含You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语?形式。如:
9.陈述部分用used to时,疑问部分用didn’t +主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式。如:
10.①如果陈述部分含有情态动词must,其意义表示“必须、必要”时,疑问部分的助词用mustn’t或needn’t. ②如果must的含意表示“一定是、想必”等表示推测意义时 ,其后的反意疑问句的助词要与must后的动词相应形式。如:He must be ill, isn’t he?
③当陈述部分含有have/has/had to,疑问部分的助词用do的相应形式。如:
④陈述部分含must(may,might)+have+v.pp表示推测时,若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语,疑问部分用现在完成时的形式。若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语,疑问部分用过去时形式如:
Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they?
11.陈述部分的主语为动词不定式、动名词或从句时,其后疑问部分的主语一般用it代替。
如:What he said is true, isn’t it?
12.①如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that时,其后的疑问部分主语用it; 如果陈述部分的主语是指示代词these,those时,陈述部分的主语是指示代词they.
②感叹句后的反意疑问句,助词用be的一般现在时,主语根据内容而定。如:
What colours, aren't they? / What a smell, isn't it?
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018宿迁)—There is a beautiful park near your school, ________?
—Yes. I often go walking there.
A. is there B. isn't there C. are there D. aren't there
【解析】 考查反意疑问句。句意“你的学校附近有一个漂亮的公园,?”“是呀。我经常去那里散步。”根据反意疑问句“前肯后否”的特点,排除A、C;又结合前半句的is可知此处用isn't。故选B。
【答案】B
( )2. (2018永州)David never fights with his classmates, ________?
A. does he B. doesn't he C. isn't he
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:大卫从来不和他的同学们打架,?never表示否定含义,故反问部分用肯定语气;又根据前文谓语动词“fights”可知用助动词does,故选A。
【答案】A
( )3. (2018安顺)He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, ________?
is he B. isn't he C. can't he D. can he
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:他几乎不能保持清醒因为他太累了,?反意疑问句应根据主句变,而不是原因状语从句部分,又因主句部分含有“hardly”,表示否定意义,谓语中出现了情态动词can,因此应用“can he”反问。故选D。
【答案】D
考点延伸☆强化训练
( )1. —Hi, Sam. Your mother’s busy these days, ?
—Yes. But she says she’ll be free soon.
A.has she B. is she C. hasn’t she D. isn’t she
( )2. —Li Mei usually helps others, ?
—Yes, she is kind-hearted.
A. does she B. is she C. doesn’t she D. isn’t she
( )3. Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ?
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. haven’t she
( )4. The town government set up(建立) a new modern hospital for the farmers, ?
A. does it B. doesn’t it C. did it D. didn’t it
( )5. Lily has to go back, ?
A. doesn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. hasn’t she
( )6. Tom can’t watch TV now, ?
A. can he B. can’t he C. does he D. doesn’t he
( )7. —You come from England, don’t you? . How do you know that?
A. No, I don’t B. No, I do C. Yes, I am D. Yes, I do
( )8. —You don’t come from England, do you?
I come from America. How do you know that?
A. No, I do B. Yes, I do C. Yes, I don’t D. No, I don’t
( )9. —Sam didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?
He was ill yesterday.
A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didn’t D. Yes, he didn’t
( )10. —Sam didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?
Though(尽管) he was not feeling very well.
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did C. No, he did D. Yes, he didn’t
( )11. —You didn’t go to Beihai Park, did you? .
I hope I will(将要) go there again.
A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn’t C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn’t
( )12. —Millions of people know about Susan Boyle now, ?
she becomes well-known(著名的) because of her success on Britain’s Got Talent.
A. do they; No B. do they; Yes C. don’t they; No D. don’t they; Yes
( )13. There are two libraries in this city, _?
A. aren’t there B. aren’t they C. are two D. is there
( )14. There was an accident yesterday, ?
A. was it B. wasn’t it C. was there D. wasn’t there
( )15. That is her English teacher, ?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. is that D. isn’t that
( )16. I am the first one to come here, ?
A. am I B. am not I C. aren’t I D. isn’t I
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